CN116727037A - Explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged waste lithium batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste battery processing and is used to solve the problem in the existing technology of how to avoid the explosion of waste lithium batteries caused by sparks generated during the process of crushing waste lithium batteries. Specifically, it is a method for recycling undischarged waste lithium batteries. The explosion-proof shredding device includes a shell and a feed pipe fixed on the top side of the shell. There is a cavity inside the shell, and a guide ring is fixed in the middle of the cavity. The invention uses a water spray mechanism to spray water on the surfaces of the two sets of crushing cylinders. Spray water to wet and form a water barrier, so that the used lithium battery will be wetted by the water barrier when loading. Together with the gaseous dry ice input from the first air inlet pipe, it can quickly cool down the used lithium battery and further reduce the probability of explosion. , through the oxygen control mechanism, the gaseous dry ice will slowly enter the shredding chamber along the first air inlet pipe, and then be discharged from the discharge port, avoiding the injection of oxygen and ensuring the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber.

Description

An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery processing, specifically an explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged waste lithium batteries.

Background technique

Recycling of used lithium batteries requires physical crushing and dismantling first. However, the currently used physical crushing and dismantling method is to directly put the used lithium batteries into the crushing chamber. During the extrusion and crushing process of the shredder, It is extremely easy to generate sparks and cause explosions, which is extremely dangerous for workers handling used batteries;

For example, according to the patent number CN210058558U, a waste lithium battery shredding processing equipment is disclosed. This equipment can directly shred the battery without discharging in advance, simplifying the recycling process; in addition, dry ice is vaporized into carbon dioxide as a protection Gas, control the oxygen content in the inner cavity of the equipment to prevent the battery from burning during the shredding process, and will not have any impact on subsequent processes; however, when the above-mentioned device is working, due to the need to always flow to the shredding device (shredding Put waste lithium batteries into the machine), so that the air entering the shredding device from the feed pipe will easily affect the carbon dioxide concentration between the two crushing cylinders. At the same time, it is difficult to avoid crushing waste lithium by only ensuring the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding device. There is still a risk of explosion of used lithium batteries due to sparks generated during the battery process.

In view of the above technical defects, a solution is proposed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged waste lithium batteries, which uses a water spray mechanism to spray water on the surfaces of two sets of crushing cylinders to wet and form a water barrier, so that the waste lithium batteries are blocked by the water barrier when loading. Wetting, combined with the gaseous dry ice input from the first air inlet pipe, can quickly cool down the used lithium battery, further reducing the probability of explosion. Through the oxygen control mechanism, the gaseous dry ice will slowly enter the tearing chamber along with the first air inlet pipe. into the crushing chamber, and then discharged from the discharge port, avoiding the injection of oxygen, ensuring the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber, and solving the problem in the existing technology of how to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration between the two crushing cylinders due to the influence of external air and How to avoid the problem of explosion of used lithium batteries caused by sparks generated during the process of crushing used lithium batteries.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged waste lithium batteries, including a shell and a feed pipe fixed on the top side of the shell. A cavity is provided inside the shell, and a guide ring is fixed in the middle of the cavity. The guide ring separates the cavity into a working chamber and a shredding chamber. The working chamber is located above the shredding chamber. A water spray mechanism is provided above the guide ring. A control device is provided on the side of the shell away from the feed pipe. Oxygen mechanism;

The water spray mechanism includes a water inlet pipe fixedly inserted at the top of the housing. The bottom end of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to an L-shaped pipe. A control valve is fixedly installed in the middle of the L-shaped pipe, and one end of the L-shaped pipe is fixed at the bottom. There is a water spray pipe connected laterally. The output end of the water spray pipe and the output end of the L-shaped pipe both pass downward through the guide ring and are fixedly installed with a water spray head. The other end of the L-shaped pipe is provided with a partition assembly. The top of the housing is fixedly provided with a water supply fixture connected to the top of the water inlet pipe.

Further, the partition assembly includes a mounting block fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, a groove for reflecting clean water is provided on the top of the mounting block, and a guide rod is movably inserted at the bottom of the groove. The bottom of the guide rod is equipped with a tension spring, and the other end of the L-shaped pipe is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe. The inner diameter of the water outlet pipe is the same as half of the inner diameter of the L-shaped pipe, and a guide disc is provided below the water outlet pipe. , the top of the guide circular plate is an arc-shaped bulge, and the guide circular plate is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod.

Further, both ends of the tension spring are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rod and the bottom of the installation block respectively.

Further, the oxygen control mechanism includes a storage box fixedly connected to the outer casing. A longitudinally arranged transport pipe is fixedly inserted at the top of the storage box. Several dry ice blocks are accumulated inside the transport pipe. The storage box The bottom of the box is connected to a second air inlet pipe, the output end of the second air inlet pipe is connected to a vacuum pump, the output end of the vacuum pump is connected to a first air inlet pipe, and the first air inlet pipe is connected to the outer shell.

Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the storage box, and there is a gap between several dry ice blocks and the inner wall of the conveying pipe.

Furthermore, two crushing cylinders are rotated inside the shredding chamber. The two crushing cylinders are symmetrically arranged equivalent to the middle part of the shell, and the positions of the two crushing cylinders correspond to the positions of the two water spray heads respectively. The connection point between the first air inlet pipe and the shell is located between the two crushing cylinders.

Furthermore, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the housing, and a transmission tool for transporting crushed lithium batteries is provided below the discharge port.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the present invention, by opening the water supply fixture and control valve, clean water is sprayed on the surface of the corresponding crushing cylinder through two water spray heads to wet it, thereby preventing the two crushing cylinders from shredding used lithium batteries. The battery generates sparks, which reduces the probability of explosion of used lithium batteries. At the same time, the clean water ejected from the water outlet pipe is sprayed onto the guide disc. The clean water left on the guide disc forms a water barrier, effectively isolating the flow from the discharge pipe. The air entering the feeding pipe prevents the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber from being affected. When the used lithium battery enters from the feeding pipe, it needs to come into contact with the water barrier when it reaches between the two crushing barrels, causing the used lithium battery to The surface is wetted, and combined with the gaseous dry ice input from the first air inlet pipe, the used lithium battery is quickly cooled down, further reducing the probability of explosion;

2. In the present invention, by placing dry ice cubes into the conveying pipe, since the density of gaseous dry ice is greater than the density of air, the gaseous dry ice flows downward into the storage box along the gap between the dry ice cubes and the inner wall of the conveying pipe. At the same time, the air in the storage box is exhausted through the exhaust pipe, keeping the air pressure in the storage box the same as the outside atmospheric pressure. The gaseous dry ice will slowly enter the shredding chamber along the first air inlet pipe, and then be discharged from the discharge port, so that from The gas entering the shredding chamber through the first air inlet pipe is gaseous dry ice, which avoids the injection of oxygen and ensures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shredding chamber;

3. In the present invention, after the work of shredding used lithium batteries is completed, the control valve is closed, so that the water pressure in the water outlet pipe is increased, and the flow rate of the ejected water becomes larger, thereby pushing the guide disc to move downward and The bottom of the groove is in contact, and the clean water entering the groove is reflected and splashes on the inner wall of the casing, which facilitates cleaning of the inner wall of the casing.

Description of drawings

In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the water spray mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of area A in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural perspective view of the mounting block in the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural perspective view of the guide circular plate in the present invention;

Figure 6 is a structural cross-sectional view of the oxygen control mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of area B in Figure 6.

Reference signs: 1. Water supply tooling; 2. Water spray mechanism; 3. Oxygen control mechanism; 4. Discharge port; 5. Crushing barrel; 6. Guide ring; 7. Feed pipe; 8. Shell; 21. Inlet Water pipe; 22. Control valve; 23. L-shaped pipe; 24. Separation assembly; 25. Water spray pipe; 31. Storage box; 32. Dry ice block; 33. First air inlet pipe; 34. Delivery pipe; 35. Exhaust pipe; 36. Second air inlet pipe; 37. Vacuum pump; 241. Guide disc; 242. Installation block; 243. Tension spring; 244. Guide rod; 245. Water outlet pipe.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1-7, this embodiment proposes an explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries, including a shell 8 and a feed pipe 7 fixed on the top side of the shell 8. A cavity is provided inside the shell 8 , the middle part of the cavity is fixedly provided with a guide ring 6 for guiding used lithium batteries. The guide ring 6 divides the cavity into a working chamber and a shredding chamber. The working chamber is located above the shredding chamber, and a useful guide ring 6 is provided above the In order to prevent the water spray mechanism 2 from appearing in the shredding chamber, the side of the housing 8 away from the feed pipe 7 is provided with an oxygen control mechanism 3 for reducing the oxygen content in the shredding chamber;

The water spray mechanism 2 includes a water inlet pipe 21 fixedly inserted at the top of the housing 8. The bottom end of the water inlet pipe 21 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped pipe 23. A control valve 22 is fixedly installed in the middle of the L-shaped pipe 23, and the L-shaped pipe 23 A water spray pipe 25 is horizontally connected to the bottom of one end. The output end of the water spray pipe 25 and the output end of the L-shaped pipe 23 are both fixed downward and penetrate the guide ring 6 and are fixedly installed with a water spray head. The other end of the L-shaped pipe 23 is provided with a useful In order to ensure the separation component 24 of the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber, the top of the housing 8 is fixed with a water supply fixture 1 connected to the top of the water inlet pipe 21. The water supply fixture 1 is an existing technology.

The partition assembly 24 includes a mounting block 242 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 8. The top of the mounting block 242 is provided with a groove for reflecting clean water. A guide rod 244 is movably inserted at the bottom of the groove. The bottom of the guide rod 244 is sleeved. A tension spring 243 is provided, and both ends of the tension spring 243 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rod 244 and the bottom of the installation block 242 respectively. The other end of the L-shaped pipe 23 is fixedly connected with an outlet pipe 245, and the inner diameter of the outlet pipe 245 is equal to the L Half of the inner diameter of the shaped tube 23 is the same, and a guide circular plate 241 is provided below the water outlet pipe 245. The top of the guide circular plate 241 is a curved protrusion, and the guide circular plate 241 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod 244; Before putting in the used lithium batteries, by opening the water supply tool 1, the control valve 22 is opened at this time, so that clean water is sprayed on the surface of the corresponding crushing barrel 5 through the two water spray heads to wet it and prevent the two crushing barrels from 5. The sparks generated when shredding used lithium batteries reduce the probability of explosion of used lithium batteries. At the same time, the clean water ejected from the water outlet pipe 245 is sprayed onto the guide disc 241, leaving behind the guide disc 241. The clean water below forms a water barrier, effectively isolating the air entering from the feed pipe 7 and preventing the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber from being affected. During the process, it needs to come into contact with the water barrier, so that the surface of the used lithium battery is wetted. Together with the gaseous dry ice input from the first air inlet pipe 33, it can quickly cool down the used lithium battery and further reduce the probability of explosion. After completing the work of shredding the used lithium batteries, the control valve 22 is closed, so that the water pressure in the water outlet pipe 245 increases, and the flow rate of the outgoing water becomes larger, thereby pushing the guide disc 241 to move downward and concave. The bottom of the groove is in contact, and the clean water entering the groove is reflected and splashes on the inner wall of the housing 8, which facilitates cleaning of the inner wall of the housing 8.

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 1, 6, and 7, this embodiment proposes an explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries, which is improved on the basis of Embodiment 1. The oxygen control mechanism 3 includes a device fixedly connected to the outer casing 8. The storage box 31 has a vertically arranged conveying pipe 34 fixedly inserted at the top of the storage box 31. Several dry ice blocks 32 are accumulated inside the conveying pipe 34. The bottom of the storage box 31 is connected with a second air inlet pipe 36. The output end of the air pipe 36 is connected to a vacuum pump 37, and the output end of the vacuum pump 37 is connected to a first air inlet pipe 33. The first air inlet pipe 33 is connected to the outer shell 8, and the dry ice gas is continuously transported to the inside of the shredding chamber through the vacuum pump 37.

The top side of the storage box 31 is also fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe 35, and there are gaps between several dry ice blocks 32 and the inner wall of the conveying pipe 34; by placing dry ice blocks into the conveying pipe 34, due to the density of the gaseous dry ice The density is greater than that of air, so that the gaseous dry ice flows downward into the storage box 31 along the gap between the dry ice block 32 and the inner wall of the conveying pipe 34. At the same time, the air in the storage box 31 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 35, maintaining The air pressure in the storage box 31 is the same as the outside atmospheric pressure. The gaseous dry ice will slowly enter the shredding chamber along the first air inlet pipe 33, and then be discharged from the discharge port 4, so that the gas entering the shredding chamber from the first air inlet pipe 33 It is gaseous dry ice, which avoids the injection of oxygen and ensures the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shredding chamber.

As shown in Figure 1, two crushing tubes 5 are rotated inside the shredding chamber. The two crushing tubes 5 are symmetrically arranged equivalent to the middle part of the housing 8, and the positions of the two crushing tubes 5 are respectively in line with the two water spray heads. Correspondingly, the connection point between the first air inlet pipe 33 and the housing 8 is located between the two crushing cylinders 5 .

As shown in Figure 1, a discharge port 4 is provided at the bottom of the casing 8, and a transmission tool for transporting crushed lithium batteries is provided below the discharge port 4. The transmission tool is an existing technology.

The working process and principle of the present invention are as follows:

Step 1: First, before putting in the used lithium batteries, turn on the water supply tool 1, then open the control valve 22, so that clean water can be sprayed on the surface of the corresponding crushing barrel 5 through the two water spray heads to wet it. Preventing the sparks generated by the two crushing drums 5 when shredding used lithium batteries reduces the probability of explosion of used lithium batteries. At the same time, the clean water ejected from the water outlet pipe 245 is sprayed onto the guide disc 241, from which The clean water left on the circular plate 241 forms a water barrier, which effectively isolates the air entering from the feed pipe 7 and prevents the carbon dioxide concentration in the shredding chamber from being affected. When the used lithium battery enters from the feed pipe 7, it reaches two During the process between the two crushing cylinders 5, they need to come into contact with the water barrier, so that the surface of the used lithium battery is wetted. With the gaseous dry ice input from the first air inlet pipe 33, the used lithium battery can be quickly cooled down, further reducing the temperature of the used lithium battery. the probability of its explosion;

Step 2: After completing the work of shredding the used lithium batteries, close the control valve 22 to increase the water pressure in the water outlet pipe 245. Since the flow rate of the ejected water becomes larger, the guide disc 241 is pushed downwards. In contact with the bottom of the groove, the clean water entering the groove is reflected and splashes on the inner wall of the housing 8, which facilitates cleaning of the inner wall of the housing 8;

Step 3: By placing the dry ice block 32 into the conveying pipe 34, since the density of the gaseous dry ice is greater than the density of air, the gaseous dry ice flows downward into the storage box along the gap between the dry ice block 32 and the inner wall of the conveying pipe 34. 31, at the same time, the air in the storage box 31 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 35, keeping the air pressure in the storage box 31 the same as the outside atmospheric pressure, and the gaseous dry ice will slowly enter the tearing chamber along with the first air inlet pipe 33 and the second air inlet pipe 36. into the shredding chamber, and then discharged from the discharge port 4, so that the gas entering the shredding chamber from the first air inlet pipe 33 is gaseous dry ice, avoiding the injection of oxygen and ensuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shredding chamber.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only intended to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries, including a shell (8) and a feed pipe (7) fixed on the top side of the shell (8). A cavity is provided inside the shell (8), and the A guide ring (6) is fixedly provided in the middle of the cavity. The feature is that the guide ring (6) divides the cavity into a working chamber and a shredding chamber. The working chamber is located above the shredding chamber. The guide ring (6) A water spray mechanism (2) is provided above the ring (6), and an oxygen control mechanism (3) is provided on the side of the housing (8) away from the feed pipe (7); The water spray mechanism (2) includes a water inlet pipe (21) fixedly inserted at the top of the housing (8). The bottom end of the water inlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped pipe (23). The L-shaped pipe A control valve (22) is fixedly installed in the middle of (23), and a water spray pipe (25) is laterally connected to the bottom of one end of the L-shaped pipe (23). The output end of the water spray pipe (25) and the L-shaped pipe (25) The output ends of the L-shaped pipe (23) are all downwardly penetrated through the guide ring (6) and are fixedly installed with water spray heads. The other end of the L-shaped pipe (23) is provided with a partition assembly (24), and the top of the housing (8) A water supply fixture (1) connected to the top of the water inlet pipe (21) is fixedly provided. 2. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition assembly (24) includes a mounting block (242) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing (8) , the top of the installation block (242) is provided with a groove for reflecting clean water, a guide rod (244) is movably inserted at the bottom of the groove, and the bottom of the guide rod (244) is sleeved with a pulling force Spring (243), the other end of the L-shaped pipe (23) is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe (245), the inner diameter of the water outlet pipe (245) is the same as half of the inner diameter of the L-shaped pipe (23), and the water outlet pipe (245) A guide disc (241) is provided below the guide rod (245). The top of the guide disc (241) is a curved convex surface, and the guide disc (241) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod (244). 3. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that the two ends of the tension spring (243) are respectively connected with the bottom end of the guide rod (244) and the mounting block. The bottom of (242) is fixedly connected. 4. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen control mechanism (3) includes a storage box (31) fixedly connected to the outer casing (8), The top of the storage box (31) is fixedly inserted with a longitudinally arranged conveying pipe (34), and several dry ice blocks (32) are accumulated inside the conveying pipe (34). The storage box (31) The bottom is connected to a second air inlet pipe (36), the output end of the second air inlet pipe (36) is connected to a vacuum pump (37), and the output end of the vacuum pump (37) is connected to the first air inlet pipe (33), so The first air inlet pipe (33) is connected with the housing (8). 5. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that an exhaust pipe (35) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the storage box (31), and several exhaust pipes (35) are connected thereto. There is a gap between the dry ice blocks (32) and the inner wall of the conveying pipe (34). 6. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that two crushing cylinders (5) are rotated inside the shredding chamber, and the two crushing cylinders (5) are rotated inside the shredding chamber. The barrel (5) is equivalent to the symmetrical arrangement of the middle part of the casing (8), and the positions of the two crushing barrels (5) correspond to the positions of the two water spray heads respectively. The first air inlet pipe (33) and the casing (8) The location of the connection is between the two crushing drums (5). 7. An explosion-proof shredding device for recycling undischarged used lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that a discharge port (4) is provided at the bottom of the housing (8), and the discharge port (4) 4) is provided with a transmission tool for transporting broken lithium batteries below.