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CN116710611A - 具有包芯的压实钢绞线 - Google Patents

具有包芯的压实钢绞线 Download PDF

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CN116710611A
CN116710611A CN202180085153.9A CN202180085153A CN116710611A CN 116710611 A CN116710611 A CN 116710611A CN 202180085153 A CN202180085153 A CN 202180085153A CN 116710611 A CN116710611 A CN 116710611A
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steel
coating
steel strand
core
wire
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S·维特科
J·费罗
R·苏迪
L·索博塔
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Bekaert NV SA
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0693Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/147Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising electric conductors or elements for information transfer
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    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/007Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form comprising postformed and thereby radially plastically deformed elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/22Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals
    • B21C23/24Covering indefinite lengths of metal or non-metal material with a metal coating
    • B21C23/26Applying metal coats to cables, e.g. to insulated electric cables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21FWORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F37/00Manufacture of rings from wire
    • B21F37/04Manufacture of rings from wire of washers
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    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
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    • D07B2201/2001Wires or filaments
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Abstract

钢绞线(10)包括钢芯线(12)。钢芯线(12)由围绕钢芯线(12)缠绕的钢层线(14)包围。钢芯线(12)覆盖有厚的耐腐蚀芯涂层(16),该厚的耐腐蚀芯涂层(16)通过条带包覆或通过金属挤出来提供。钢层线(14)覆盖有薄的耐腐蚀层涂层(18),该薄的耐腐蚀层涂层(18)通过热浸操作或电镀或化学镀工艺来提供。钢绞线(10)被压实,使得钢层线(14)具有非圆形的横截面,并且厚的耐腐蚀芯涂层填充钢芯线(12)与钢层线(14)之间的间隙,以便于改善钢绞线(10)的耐腐蚀性并增加寿命。

Description

具有包芯的压实钢绞线
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钢绞线,钢绞线包括钢芯线,钢芯线由围绕该钢芯线缠绕的钢层线包围。
本发明还涉及这种钢绞线作为预张紧绞线或作为后张紧绞线的用途。
背景技术
一种钢绞线,包括钢芯线,钢芯线由围绕该钢芯线缠绕的钢层线包围,钢绞线是具有许多应用的柔性且坚固的张力构件。
钢芯线和钢层线通常具有圆形横截面。当围绕钢芯线形成钢层线的封闭层时,即,所有钢层线与相邻的钢层线接触的层,在钢芯线与钢层线之间形成间隙。潮湿的环境或已经存在于这些间隙中的湿气可能引起冷凝并最终导致钢绞线被腐蚀和过早地寿命终止。压实钢绞线可以减小间隙的尺寸,但不能完全消除间隙。当用作预张紧钢绞线或用作后张紧钢绞线时,钢绞线经受拉伸应力,并且所提及的潜在的腐蚀失效问题甚至会出现更多。
钢芯线和钢层线可以设置有耐腐蚀涂层以增加钢绞线的寿命。
耐腐蚀涂层的示例是聚合物涂层。如果具有足够的厚度,则钢层线在聚合物涂层上施加压力,使得它开始围绕钢层线流动并填充间隙。然而,这种聚合物涂层是对绳索的下游热处理不耐受的。另一个缺点是内部具有聚合物的绳索不能在温暖的环境中安装和使用。
另一种耐腐蚀涂层是金属涂层,例如通过热浸操作或电镀操作施加的锌涂层或锌合金涂层。在增加钢绞线的寿命的同时,这些金属涂层的厚度不足以填充间隙。
发明内容
本发明的一般目的是避免或减轻现有技术的缺点。
本发明的特别目的是提供一种钢绞线,其可以在拉伸力下操作并且具有增加的寿命。
本发明的另一个目的是以可持续的方式填充钢芯线与钢层线之间的间隙。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种钢绞线。钢绞线包括钢芯线。钢芯线由围绕钢芯线缠绕的钢层线包围。钢芯线覆盖有耐腐蚀芯涂层,耐腐蚀芯涂层通过条带包覆或通过金属挤出来提供。钢层线覆盖有耐腐蚀层涂层,耐腐蚀层涂层通过热浸操作或通过电镀或化学镀工艺来提供。压实钢绞线,使得钢层线具有非圆形横截面,并且所述耐腐蚀芯涂层填充钢芯线与钢层线之间的间隙。
简而言之,钢绞线设置有两个耐腐蚀涂层。围绕钢芯线的相对厚的金属涂层和围绕钢层线的相对薄的金属涂层。
提供相对厚的芯涂层的第一种方式是通过条带包覆。根据条带包覆技术,可以将具有预定和所需厚度的耐腐蚀金属的条带形成为管状。该条带的宽度略大于或等于待覆盖的钢线的周长。将条带封闭在管中并焊接在钢线上或围绕钢线焊接。然后,对围绕有条带的钢线进行拉拔,直到其最终的钢芯线直径。
提供相对厚的芯涂层的第二种方式是通过金属挤出。根据金属挤压技术,推动耐腐蚀金属材料通过围绕钢线具有所需横截面的模具。
热浸操作或电镀或化学镀工艺是在钢层线上施加相对薄的层耐腐蚀涂层的方式。
当最终将钢绞线压实时,厚的芯涂层的金属会开始围绕钢层线稍微流动并填充钢芯线与钢层线之间的间隙。与聚合物材料相反,这种金属材料能够耐高温。内部具有金属材料的钢绞线可以经受下游热处理,例如在约350℃至420℃下的应力消除处理。此外,钢绞线可以在温暖的环境中安装和使用。
优选地,厚的耐腐蚀芯涂层含有铝或铝合金。
最优选地,厚的耐腐蚀涂层具有范围为从400g/m2至2500g/m2的重量,优选为从450g/m2至2250g/m2,其中较小的重量对应于较小的直径,而较高的重量对应于较大的直径。外径为7.0mm的钢绞线可以具有486g/m2的厚的耐腐蚀涂层的重量。外径为15.2mm的钢绞线可以具有810g/m2的厚的耐腐蚀涂层的重量。外径为18.0mm的钢绞线可以具有2119g/m2的厚的耐腐蚀涂层的重量。
优选地,薄的耐腐蚀层涂层含有锌或锌合金。
锌铝涂层具有比锌更好的整体耐腐蚀性。与锌相反,锌铝涂层是耐温的。仍与锌相反,当暴露于高温时,锌铝合金没有剥落。
锌铝涂层可以具有范围为从百分之2(重量)至百分之12(重量)的铝含量,例如范围为从3%至11%。
位于共析位置附近的一种优选的成分:约5%的铝。锌合金涂层还可以具有润湿剂,例如小于锌合金的百分之0.1的量的镧或铈。涂层的其余部分是锌和不可避免的杂质。
另一种优选的成分含有约10%的铝。这种增加的铝量比含有约5%的铝的共析成分提供了更好的腐蚀保护。
在本发明的上下文中,高度优选的成分是锌铝合金,其含有2%至10%的铝和0.2%至3.0%的镁,其余为锌。示例为5%的Al、0.5%的Mg,其余为Zn。
例如硅(Si)的其他元素可以添加到上述的锌铝合金涂层中。
薄的耐腐蚀层涂层可以具有范围为从150g/m2至450g/m2的重量。同样,较小的重量对应于较小的直径,而较高的重量对应于较大的直径。
钢绞线可以具有范围为从6.0mm至25.0mm的外径,优选为从6.5mm至20.0mm。
根据本发明的第二方面,钢绞线可以用作预张紧绞线或用作后张紧绞线。
钢绞线可以用于高架运输系统、ACSR电力电缆,如护栏、拉索绞线、脐带缆或预制混凝土增强元件。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明第一方面的钢绞线的横截面。
具体实施方式
图1示出了钢绞线10的横截面。钢绞线10具有钢芯线12和围绕钢芯线12缠绕的六根钢层线14。钢芯线12设置有铝条带包覆的芯涂层16。钢层线14设置有锌铝镁层涂层18。
压实钢绞线10,使得钢层线14获得梯形横截面。钢层线14围绕钢芯线12形成封闭层,并且推动铝条带包覆的芯涂层16流动并填充钢芯线12与钢层线14之间的间隙。
铝条带包覆的芯涂层16填充钢绞线内部的所有间隙和孔,并防止湿气渗入钢绞线10内部。同时,铝条带包覆的芯涂层16为钢芯线12赋予耐腐蚀性。
锌铝镁层涂层18为钢层线14赋予耐腐蚀性。
根据本发明的钢绞线可以按照下述步骤来制作。
原材料(线材)的成分通常是如下的微合金高碳成分:(所有的百分比均为重量百分比):
-碳含量(%C)的范围为从0.50%至1.20%,例如0.60%至1.0%;
-锰含量(%Mn)的范围为从0.10%至1.0%,例如从0.20%至0.80%;
-硅含量(%Si)的范围为从0.10%至1.50%,例如从0.15%至0.70%;
-硫含量(%S)低于0.03%,例如低于0.01%;
-磷含量(%P)低于0.03%,例如低于0.01%。
微合金元素,例如铬、钒、铝或镍,可以以至多0.50%的量存在或不存在。
从线材开始,对钢芯线进行拉拔,直到中间钢线直径。形成铝条带并围绕钢线焊接或挤出,并对由此形成的复合材料进行进一步拉拔,直到最终直径。
还从线材开始,对钢层线进行拉拔,直到中间钢线直径。然后,引导钢层线通过锌-铝-镁的热浸浴。然后,对由此涂覆的钢层线进行进一步拉拔,直到它们的最终钢线直径。
钢层线与铝条带一起围绕钢芯线缠绕以形成未压实的钢绞线。此后,最后对钢绞线进行压实处理。
1+6钢绞线(6根钢层线)的示例:
-钢芯线的直径分别为(仅钢):2.64mm、5.60mm、6.50mm;
-具有铝条带的钢芯线的直径:3.00mm、6.35mm、8.07mm;
-涂覆和拉拔的钢层线的直径:2.53mm、5.60mm、6.46mm;
-压实钢绞线的直径:7.0mm、15.2mm、18.0mm。
优选地对根据本发明的压实钢绳进行应力消除处理,以便降低松弛度并改善平直度。进行这种应力消除处理的合适温度为380℃。
根据本发明的压实钢绳可以获得以下的拉伸强度等级:1700MPa、1860MPa、1960MPa和2060MPa。
附图标记列表
10 钢绞线
12 钢芯线
14 钢层线
16 厚的耐腐蚀芯涂层
18 薄的耐腐蚀层涂层

Claims (11)

1.一种钢绞线,所述钢绞线包括:
钢芯线,所述钢芯线由围绕所述钢芯线缠绕的钢层线包围,所述钢芯线覆盖有耐腐蚀芯涂层,所述耐腐蚀芯涂层通过条带包覆或通过金属挤出来提供,所述钢层线覆盖有耐腐蚀层涂层,所述耐腐蚀层涂层通过热浸操作或通过电镀或化学镀工艺来提供,所述钢绞线被压实,使得所述钢层线具有非圆形横截面,并且所述耐腐蚀芯涂层填充所述钢芯线与所述钢层线之间的间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀芯涂层含有铝或铝合金。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀芯涂层具有范围为从400g/m2至2500g/m2的重量。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀层涂层含有锌或锌合金。
5.根据权利要求4所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀层涂层具有范围为从150g/m2至450g/m2的重量。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀层涂层是锌铝合金。
7.根据权利要求6所述的钢绞线,其中,所述耐腐蚀层涂层是锌铝镁合金。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的钢绞线,其中,所述钢绞线具有范围为从10.0mm至30.0mm的外径。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的钢绞线,其中,所述钢绞线处于应力消除状态。
10.一种根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的钢绞线作为预张紧绞线的用途。
11.一种根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的钢绞线作为后张紧绞线的用途。
CN202180085153.9A 2020-12-17 2021-12-14 具有包芯的压实钢绞线 Pending CN116710611A (zh)

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