CN116717384A - Gas turbine starting control system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas turbine starting control system and a method, comprising the following steps: the starter, the air filter, the air compressor, the gas generator and the turbine are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction; the air filter, the air compressor, the gas generator and the turbine are sequentially connected through pipelines; the gas generator is internally provided with: the combustion chamber, the fuel cavity and the gas nozzle are communicated with the turbine; a fuel regulator ignition device is arranged between the combustion chamber and the fuel cavity: for igniting the combustion chamber; and a detection module: and the control module is used for: for controlling the starting process. According to the invention, the starting success rate is improved by detecting the initial environmental temperature of the gas turbine in real time and detecting the data such as the real-time temperature, the pressure, the current and the voltage in the starting process in real time and regulating and controlling the output current, the voltage, the fuel supply quantity and the like in real time through the control module, so that the problems of low starting success rate and damage to equipment caused by emergency stop are avoided.

Description

A gas turbine starting control system and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbine control, and in particular to a gas turbine starting control system and method.

Background technique

The gas turbine is an important power device. The gas turbine first pressurizes the air through the compressor, then passes it into the combustion chamber, and then passes fuel into the combustion chamber to burn the air and fuel in the combustion chamber to produce high-temperature gas, which then enters the turbine. The impact on the blades on the turbine causes the turbine to rotate at high speed and drives the propeller to work.

The invention patent with application number CN201510819561.9 discloses a fuel supply device and fuel supply method controlled by frequency conversion speed regulation of a fuel pump for gas turbines, which belongs to the technical field of gas turbines. The fuel supply device includes a gas turbine control system, a frequency converter, a variable frequency motor, a fuel supply pump and a speed sensor. The frequency converter is connected to the variable frequency motor, the frequency converter is connected to the gas turbine control system, and the fuel supply pump is connected to the gas turbine through the fuel regulating system. , the bypass port of the fuel regulation system is connected to the fuel pump inlet. The gas turbine is equipped with a speed sensor. The signal line of the speed sensor is connected to the gas turbine control system. The fuel pump speed and flow rate are controlled by the gas turbine control system according to the speed, forming a closed-loop control. The invention changes the motor speed by changing the motor power frequency, changes the oil output of the oil pump according to the state of the gas engine, and supplies less oil during startup and low states, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. Realize the soft start of the oil pump and ensure the life of the motor and pump. Since the oil return volume is greatly reduced, the stability and adjustment accuracy of the adjustment system can be improved.

Although this patent can protect the gas turbine by changing the oil output and the inverter's built-in overcurrent, overload, overheating, undervoltage, and shortage protection functions, the starting environment of the gas turbine will change with the external environment, so in different environments The fuel supply, electric power and temperature will all change when starting the gas turbine. This patent only uses the frequency converter for overload protection. When the preset threshold of the frequency converter is exceeded, it will make an emergency stop. Not only is the starting success rate low, but it will also cause an emergency shutdown during the emergency stop. May cause damage to the equipment.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to overcome the above shortcomings.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine starting control system and method that can effectively solve the above technical problems.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a gas turbine starting control system is provided, which adopts the following technical solution: a starter, an air filter, a compressor, a gas generator, and a turbine arranged in sequence along the direction of gas flow;

The air filter, the compressor, the gas generator, and the turbine are connected in sequence through pipelines;

The gas generator is internally provided with: a combustion chamber, a fuel chamber, and a gas nozzle, and the gas nozzle is connected with the turbine; a fuel regulator is installed between the combustion chamber and the fuel chamber;

Ignition device: used to ignite the combustion chamber;

Detection module: used to detect the data status of the starter, the combustion chamber, the ignition device and the turbine;

The detection module includes: a first temperature detection unit for detecting the pipe temperature, a second temperature detection unit for detecting the combustion chamber temperature, a third temperature detection unit for detecting the starter temperature, a pressure detection unit for detecting the pulsating pressure of the combustion chamber, a current detection unit and a first voltage detection unit for detecting the starter current and voltage, a rotational speed detection unit for detecting the rotor rotational speed of the turbine, a concentration detection unit for detecting the ratio of fuel to air concentration, and a second voltage detection unit for detecting the turbine voltage;

Control module: used to collect the real-time data measured by the detection module in real time, select the starting mode according to the real-time data, and regulate the output power, output voltage and fuel supply in real time to control the starting process.

Furthermore, it also includes:

Exciter: used to provide excitation voltage and excitation current for the excitation winding of the starter;

After the rotor speed of the starter reaches the rated speed, the control module controls the operation of the exciter to provide excitation voltage and excitation current to the starter so that the output voltage of the starter reaches a set value.

Further, it also includes: a communication module and a remote controller. The communication module is electrically connected to the control module and communicatively connected to the remote controller for remotely sending start and stop instructions through the remote controller.

Further, it also includes: a server or terminal device communicatively connected with the communication module.

Further, it also includes: a preheating device: used to heat the inlet air of the compressor and preheat the pipe so that the temperature of the pipe reaches a preset temperature.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a gas turbine starting control method is also provided, which method includes:

Step 1: Press the start button, and before starting the starter, the control module controls the detection module to detect the current temperature, and uses a pre-trained prediction model to set the corresponding starting steps according to the current temperature;

Step 2: When the current temperature is lower than the preset value, preheat the starting device through the preheating device; when the current temperature is higher than the preset value, no preheating is performed;

Step 3: The control module controls the starter to start, drives the compressor to rotate and sucks in air. The sucked air is filtered by the air filter and compressed by the compressor before entering the combustion chamber;

Step 4: The control module controls the ignition device to ignite to burn the compressed air in the combustion chamber. The control module controls the fuel regulator to inject fuel into the combustion chamber in a quantitative manner, and the fuel and compressed air are mixed and burned. High-temperature and high-pressure gas is formed, and the gas is injected into the turbine through the gas nozzle;

Step 5: The turbine and the starter jointly drive the compressor to continue compressing the air, continue to increase the fuel through the fuel controller, and increase the output current of the starter through the control module to increase the speed of the gas turbine. to the self-sustaining speed until it is completely disconnected from the starter, and the compressor is completely driven by the turbine to continue to increase speed until the gas turbine completes starting.

Further, step 1 also includes:

Step 1.1: Establish a starting model database under different ambient temperatures, and train the starting models in the starting model database;

Step 1.2: Configure initial control parameters according to the initial temperature of the environment, the initial temperature of the starter, and the initial temperature of the pipeline, and substitute the initial control parameters into the trained starting model database;

Step 1.3: Match the startup sequence based on the substitution results.

Further, step 3 also includes:

Step 3.1: The detection module detects the pipe temperature, the combustion chamber temperature, the starter temperature, the combustion chamber pulsating pressure, the starter current and voltage, the turbine rotor speed, fuel and Air concentration ratio, the turbine voltage;

Step 3.2: The detection module transmits the measured data to the control module. The control module matches the data measured by the detection module with the preset data, and regulates the output power of the starter in real time. Output voltage and fuel supply.

Further, the step 3.2 also includes:

Step 3.2.1: The control module compares the measured pipeline temperature with the preset reference value, outputs the comparison result, and selects whether to start the preheating module to heat the pipeline;

Step 3.2.2: The control module compares the measured current with the reference current, compares the measured turbine voltage with the reference turbine voltage, and outputs the comparison result, and controls the current output according to the comparison result;

Step 3.2.3: The control module compares the measured voltage with the reference voltage, outputs the comparison result, and controls the voltage output according to the comparison result;

Step 3.2.4: The control module compares the measured fuel to air concentration ratio with the reference ratio, compares the combustion chamber pulsation pressure with the reference pressure, outputs the comparison result, and compares the fuel injection volume of the fuel regulator and The opening can be adjusted in real time;

Step 3.2.5: The control module performs real-time regulation of the overall solution or real-time control of individual modules based on the detection results of each module.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention detects the initial ambient temperature of the gas turbine in real time, as well as real-time temperature, pressure, current, voltage and other data during the starting process, and controls the output current, Voltage, fuel supply, etc. are regulated in real time to improve the starting success rate and avoid problems such as starting failure caused by overload and damage to equipment caused by emergency shutdown.

Description of the drawings

The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

Figure 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a gas turbine starting control system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a gas turbine starting control method according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of step 1 of a gas turbine starting control method of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of step 3 of a gas turbine starting control method of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Control module; 2. Communication module; 3. Remote controller; 4. Fuel regulator; 5. Preheating device; 6. Ignition device; 7. Frequency converter; 8. First temperature detection unit; 9 , second temperature detection unit; 10. third temperature detection unit; 11. pressure detection unit; 12. current detection unit; 13. first voltage detection unit; 14. rotation speed detection unit; 15. concentration detection unit; 16. 2. Voltage detection unit; 17. Server; 18. Terminal equipment.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, a clear and complete description will be given below in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, and Not all examples.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a gas turbine starting control system and method of the present invention includes:

A starter, air filter, compressor, gas generator, and turbine are arranged in sequence along the direction of gas flow.

The air filter, compressor, gas generator, and turbine are connected in sequence through pipelines.

The gas generator is internally provided with: a combustion chamber, a fuel chamber, and a gas nozzle. The gas nozzle is connected with the turbine and is used to inject gas from the combustion chamber into the turbine through the gas nozzle.

A fuel regulator 4 is installed between the combustion chamber and the fuel chamber, which is used to adjust the amount of fuel discharged from the fuel chamber into the combustion chamber through the fuel regulator 4, thereby regulating the supply of fuel and the mixing ratio of fuel and compressed gas, thereby regulating combustion. Firepower.

Ignition device 6: used to ignite the combustion chamber to ignite the compressed air entering the combustion chamber.

Detection module: used to detect the starter, combustion chamber, ignition device 6 and turbine data conditions, and send the measured data to the control module 1.

The detection module includes: a first temperature detection unit 8 for detecting the pipeline temperature, which detects the pipeline temperature, converts the measured pipeline temperature into a signal identifiable by the control module 1, and transmits it to the control module 1 in real time, and the control module 1 The measured initial temperature is substituted into the database to match the starting process; when the initial temperature in the pipeline is lower than 26 degrees, the control module 1 controls the preheating device 5 to heat the intake air of the compressor and preheat the pipeline and turbine. Increase the temperature of the pipeline, and start the starter when the pipeline temperature reaches above 26 degrees. Since the starting success rate of the gas turbine is related to the temperature, when the initial temperature is above 26 degrees, the starting success rate can be greatly improved, so it is necessary to pass the temperature Detection and preheating to improve starting success rate.

The second temperature detection unit 9 is used to detect the temperature of the combustion chamber. This unit detects the temperature of the combustion chamber in real time, converts the measured combustion chamber temperature data into a signal identifiable by the control module 1, and transmits it to the control module 1 in real time. Module 1 adjusts the output power and fuel supply according to the real-time temperature of the combustion chamber.

The third temperature detection unit 10 for detecting the starter temperature detects the starter temperature in real time and transmits the temperature to the control module 1 in real time so that the control module 1 can control the starter preheating duration and starting power.

The pressure detection unit 11 is used to detect the pulsating pressure of the combustion chamber. It detects the pulsating pressure of the combustion chamber in real time, and converts the data into a signal identifiable by the control module 1 and transmits it to the control module 1. The control module 1 controls the output in real time according to the signal. power, and real-time control of compressed air supply to avoid excessive combustion chamber pressure or insufficient compressed air.

The current detection unit 12 and the first voltage detection unit 13 are used to detect the starter current and voltage, which convert the real-time measured current and voltage data into signals identifiable by the control module 1, and transmit them to the control module 1 in real time. Module 1 comprehensively controls the output current and output voltage according to the combustion chamber temperature, ambient temperature, combustion chamber pulsating pressure, etc.

The rotation speed detection unit 14 for detecting the rotation speed of the turbine rotor helps the control module 1 determine whether the output current needs to be increased or reduced, whether the rotation speed is insufficient or to avoid overloading by detecting the turbine rotation speed.

The concentration detection unit 15 for detecting the concentration ratio of fuel and air detects the concentration ratio in real time to adjust the fuel supply amount.

A second voltage detection unit 16 is used to detect the turbine voltage to help determine whether turbo boosting is required. The above collection module is a sensor.

Control module 1: used to collect real-time data measured by the detection module in real time, select the starting method according to the real-time data, and regulate the output power, output voltage and fuel supply in real time to control the starting process.

The communication module 2 is electrically connected to the control module 1 and is used to feedback signals to the control module 1 or send signals under the control of the control module 1. The communication module 2 can be a 4G/5G/GPRS/Bluetooth communicator;

The remote controller 3 is connected to the communication module 2 and sends control instructions to the communication module 2 through the remote controller 3. The communication module 2 receives the instructions and transmits them to the control module 1. The control module 1 controls the start and stop of the gas turbine according to the received instructions. By setting up the communication module 2 and the remote controller 3, the start and stop actions can be controlled remotely, which is very convenient. The remote controller 3 is a touch screen or electronic terminal device 18, and the starting data can be observed in real time through the remote controller 3;

The communication module 2 is also connected to the server 17 or the terminal device 18. The server 17 is used to conduct real-time analysis of various parameters measured by the detection module, and control the control module 1 to control the actions of each module, and record start and stop data to form a database. It is convenient for retrieval and analysis; the terminal device 18 is used to enable the operator to control the terminal device 18 in real time, or view the startup data on the terminal device 18.

The exciter is coaxial with the starter and is used to provide excitation voltage and excitation current for the excitation winding of the starter. After the starter's rotor speed reaches the rated speed, the control module 1 controls the work of the exciter to provide excitation voltage for the starter. , excitation current, helping the output voltage and output current of the starter to reach the set value more stably. In addition, the present invention can also use the frequency converter 7 to set overload protection, thereby providing further protection.

As can be seen from the above description, the present invention presets the gas turbine starting process in different environments, detects the fuel supply, electric power and temperature in real time, and makes real-time adjustments based on the data measured by the sensor, thereby improving the performance of the gas turbine. The starting success rate avoids problems such as starting failure caused by overload and damage to equipment caused by emergency shutdown.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a gas turbine starting control method, which method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Press the start button. After pressing the start button, the control module 1 controls the sensor control detection module to detect the current temperature, and uses the pre-trained prediction model to set the corresponding start steps according to the current temperature;

Step 1.1: Establish a starting model database under different ambient temperatures, and perform data entry and model training for the starting models in the starting model database;

Step 1.2: Configure the initial control parameters according to the initial temperature of the environment, the initial temperature of the starter, and the initial temperature of the pipeline, and substitute the initial control parameters into the trained starting model database;

Step 1.3: The server 17 matches the startup sequence according to the substitution result, and transmits the startup sequence to the control module 1 through the communication module 2. The control module 1 sends control instructions according to the signal fed back by the server 17; it can also be matched and adjusted offline for the control module 1. Get data from offline database.

Step 2: When the current temperature is lower than the preset value, first preheat the starting device through the preheating device 5, and then start the starter; when the current temperature is higher than the preset value, no preheating is performed and the starter is started directly. machine;

Step 3: Control module 1 controls the starter to start, drives the compressor to rotate and sucks in air. The sucked air is filtered by the air filter, and is compressed by the compressor to form high-pressure gas and sprayed into the combustion chamber; the air filter filtration can prevent the air from Dust particles, water vapor gel and other substances enter the pipeline, causing the gas turbine air intake to decrease, thereby reducing the output power and thermal efficiency of the gas turbine generator unit;

Step 3.1: The detection module detects pipeline temperature, combustion chamber temperature, starter temperature, combustion chamber pulsating pressure, starter current and voltage, turbine rotor speed, fuel to air concentration ratio, and turbine voltage in real time;

Step 3.2: The detection module transmits the measured data to the control module 1. The control module 1 matches the data measured by the detection module with the preset data or uploads the data to the server 17 for processing. After processing, the control module 1 controls in real time. The output power, output voltage and fuel supply of the starter are adjusted as accurately as possible to maximize the starting success rate.

Step 3.2.1: Control module 1 compares the measured pipeline temperature with the preset reference value, outputs the comparison result, and selects whether to start the preheating module to heat the pipeline;

Step 3.2.2: The control module 1 compares the measured current with the reference current, and compares the measured turbine voltage with the reference turbine voltage, and outputs the comparison result, and controls the current output according to the comparison result;

Step 3.2.3: Control module 1 compares the measured voltage with the reference voltage, outputs the comparison result, and controls the voltage output according to the comparison result;

Step 3.2.4: The control module 1 compares the measured fuel and air concentration ratio with the reference ratio, compares the combustion chamber pulsation pressure with the reference pressure, outputs the comparison result, and compares the fuel injection amount of the fuel regulator 4 with The opening can be adjusted in real time;

Step 3.2.5: Control module 1 adjusts the overall plan or performs separate real-time control based on the detection results of each module.

Step 4: The control module 1 controls the ignition device 6 to ignite to burn the compressed air in the combustion chamber. The control module 1 controls the fuel regulator 4 to inject fuel into the combustion chamber in a quantitative manner. According to the concentration ratio of the fuel and compressed air and the real-time temperature of the combustion chamber, Temperature, comprehensively adjust the fuel discharge volume, the fuel and compressed air are mixed and burned to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the gas is injected into the turbine through the gas nozzle;

Step 5: The turbine and starter together drive the compressor to continue compressing the air, continue to increase fuel through the fuel controller, and increase the output current of the starter through control module 1, so that the speed of the gas turbine increases to a self-sustaining speed until it is completely consistent with the starter. Disengage, and the turbine will completely drive the compressor to continue to increase speed until the gas turbine completes starting;

The above starting process measures the temperature, pressure, current, voltage and other data at each stage in real time, compares the above data with the training data and historical data in the model library, and then controls the current and voltage at each stage in real time through the control module 1 , fuel output, thereby improving the probability of successful starting of the gas turbine.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A gas turbine starting control system, characterized by comprising: A starter, air filter, compressor, gas generator, and turbine are arranged in sequence along the direction of gas flow; The air filter, the compressor, the gas generator, and the turbine are connected in sequence through pipelines; The gas generator is internally provided with: a combustion chamber, a fuel chamber, and a gas nozzle, and the gas nozzle is connected with the turbine; a fuel regulator is installed between the combustion chamber and the fuel chamber; Ignition device: used to ignite the combustion chamber; Detection module: used to detect the data status of the starter, the combustion chamber, the ignition device and the turbine; The detection module includes: a first temperature detection unit for detecting the pipe temperature, a second temperature detection unit for detecting the combustion chamber temperature, a third temperature detection unit for detecting the starter temperature, a pressure detection unit for detecting the pulsating pressure of the combustion chamber, a current detection unit and a first voltage detection unit for detecting the starter current and voltage, a rotational speed detection unit for detecting the rotor rotational speed of the turbine, a concentration detection unit for detecting the ratio of fuel to air concentration, and a second voltage detection unit for detecting the turbine voltage; Control module: used to collect the real-time data measured by the detection module in real time, select the starting mode according to the real-time data, and regulate the output power, output voltage and fuel supply in real time to control the starting process. 2. A gas turbine starting control system according to claim 1, further comprising: Exciter: used to provide excitation voltage and excitation current for the excitation winding of the starter; After the rotor speed of the starter reaches the rated speed, the control module controls the operation of the exciter to provide excitation voltage and excitation current to the starter so that the output voltage of the starter reaches a set value. 3. A gas turbine starting control system according to claim 1, further comprising: a communication module and a remote controller, the communication module is electrically connected to the control module and communicates with the remote controller Connection, used to send start and stop commands remotely through the remote controller. 4. The gas turbine starting control system according to claim 2, further comprising: a server or terminal device communicatively connected to the communication module. 5. A gas turbine starting control system according to claim 4, further comprising: Preheating device: used to heat the inlet air of the compressor and preheat the pipeline so that the temperature of the pipeline reaches the preset temperature. 6. A gas turbine starting control method, characterized by comprising: Step 1: Press the start button, and before starting the starter, the control module controls the detection module to detect the current temperature, and uses a pre-trained prediction model to set the corresponding starting steps according to the current temperature; Step 2: When the current temperature is lower than the preset value, preheat the starting device through the preheating device; when the current temperature is higher than the preset value, no preheating is performed; Step 3: The control module controls the starter to start, drives the compressor to rotate and sucks in air. The sucked air is filtered by the air filter and compressed by the compressor before entering the combustion chamber; Step 4: The control module controls the ignition device to ignite to burn the compressed air in the combustion chamber. The control module controls the fuel regulator to inject fuel into the combustion chamber in a quantitative manner, and the fuel and compressed air are mixed and burned. High-temperature and high-pressure gas is formed, and the gas is injected into the turbine through the gas nozzle; Step 5: The turbine and the starter jointly drive the compressor to continue compressing the air, continue to increase the fuel through the fuel controller, and increase the output current of the starter through the control module to increase the speed of the gas turbine. to the self-sustaining speed until it is completely disconnected from the starter, and the compressor is completely driven by the turbine to continue to increase speed until the gas turbine completes starting. 7. A gas turbine starting control method according to claim 6, characterized in that step 1 further includes: Step 1.1: Establish a starting model database under different ambient temperatures, and train the starting models in the starting model database; Step 1.2: Configure initial control parameters according to the initial temperature of the environment, the initial temperature of the starter, and the initial temperature of the pipeline, and substitute the initial control parameters into the trained starting model database; Step 1.3: Match the startup sequence based on the substitution results. 8. A gas turbine starting control method according to claim 6, characterized in that step 3 further includes: Step 3.1: The detection module detects the pipe temperature, the combustion chamber temperature, the starter temperature, the combustion chamber pulsating pressure, the starter current and voltage, the turbine rotor speed, fuel and Air concentration ratio, the turbine voltage; Step 3.2: The detection module transmits the measured data to the control module. The control module matches the data measured by the detection module with the preset data, and regulates the output power of the starter in real time. Output voltage and fuel supply. 9. A gas turbine starting control method according to claim 8, characterized in that said step 3.2 further includes: Step 3.2.1: The control module compares the measured pipeline temperature with the preset reference value, outputs the comparison result, and selects whether to start the preheating module to heat the pipeline; Step 3.2.2: The control module compares the measured current with the reference current, compares the measured turbine voltage with the reference turbine voltage, and outputs the comparison result, and controls the current output according to the comparison result; Step 3.2.3: The control module compares the measured voltage with the reference voltage, outputs the comparison result, and controls the voltage output according to the comparison result; Step 3.2.4: The control module compares the measured fuel to air concentration ratio with the reference ratio, compares the combustion chamber pulsation pressure with the reference pressure, outputs the comparison result, and compares the fuel injection volume of the fuel regulator and The opening can be adjusted in real time; Step 3.2.5: The control module performs real-time regulation of the overall solution or real-time control of individual modules based on the detection results of each module.