CN116698615A - Aging experiment system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an aging experiment system. The system includes: a reaction container, the reaction container is used to accommodate liquid sodium and a sample, so that the sample can be immersed in the liquid sodium; a heating device, the heating device is formed with a heating chamber, the reaction container is arranged in the heating chamber, and the heating device is used for The reaction container is heated; the sample carrying device is used to carry the sample, and the sample carrying device is partially arranged in the reaction container; the test force loading device is fixedly connected to one end of the sample carrying device, and the sample carrying device The other end is fixedly connected with the reaction vessel; the test force loading device is used to apply a test force along its axial direction to the sample, so as to perform an aging test on the sample under creep force in liquid sodium. The embodiment of the present invention also provides an aging test method, which can be implemented by using the above test system.

Description

Aging test system and method

technical field

The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of material analysis and testing, and in particular to an aging experiment system and method.

Background technique

A sodium-cooled reactor is a reactor in which liquid sodium is used as the coolant. Among them, sodium has a series of advantages as a coolant, for example: sodium has a low melting point, which is easy to melt and use; high boiling point, which is not easy to cause sodium bubbles when boiling; its density is lower than water, which can save pump power; The core and fuel are not easy to overheat; the neutron moderation ability is weak, and the absorption cross section is small.

However, the equipment components of sodium-cooled reactors face the aging effect of structural materials due to their long-term operation in liquid sodium, and with the increase of operating time, the aging effect continues to accumulate, resulting in gradual degradation of their performance. Moreover, the presence of stress may also cause damage and failure of equipment components during operation, and materials are more likely to fail at high temperatures.

Contents of the invention

According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an aging experiment system is provided. The system includes: a reaction container, the reaction container is used to accommodate liquid sodium and a sample, so that the sample can be immersed in the liquid sodium; a heating device, the heating device is formed with a heating chamber, the reaction container is arranged in the heating chamber, and the heating device is used for The reaction container is heated; the sample carrying device is used to carry the sample, and the sample carrying device is partially arranged in the reaction container; the test force loading device is fixedly connected to one end of the sample carrying device, and the sample carrying device The other end is fixedly connected with the reaction vessel; the test force loading device is used to apply a test force along its axial direction to the sample, so as to perform an aging test on the sample under creep force in liquid sodium.

According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an aging experiment method is provided. The experimental method is realized by using the experimental system in the above-mentioned embodiments. The experimental method includes: according to the use position of the material to be tested in the reactor, determine the type and size of the sample, and process the material to be tested into a sample; according to the shape and size of the sample, determine the test force applied to the sample; The sample is installed in the experimental system, and the test force is applied to the sample to perform the creep aging experiment on the sample.

Using the experimental system and experimental method in the embodiment of the present invention, the aging experiment can be carried out on the material under the condition of creep force in liquid sodium, so that when the stress and corrosion exist simultaneously, the corrosion of the key component material of the sodium-cooled reactor can be carried out Aging and failure behavior research, accumulating aging data of materials under the coupling effect of stress and corrosion, providing reference data for life-cycle management and application of sodium-cooled reactors.

Description of drawings

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and may help to have a comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aging experiment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a reaction vessel and a heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an aging test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a reaction vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealed bellows according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an aging experiment system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the test force loading device connected to the reaction vessel in the aging test system of Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view at A in Fig. 7 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the aging test system in FIG. 1 before the test force loading device is connected to the reaction vessel.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of different samples according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of different samples according to another embodiment of the present invention.

It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are only shown in a schematic manner that does not affect readers' understanding.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiment is one embodiment of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the application shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the application belongs. If the descriptions such as "first" and "second" are involved in the whole text, the descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish similar objects, and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance, sequence, etc. The order or the number of technical features indicated by implicit indication should be understood as "first", "second" and other described data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances. If "and/or" appears throughout the text, it means to include three parallel plans, taking "A and/or B" as an example, including plan A, or plan B, or a plan that satisfies both A and B. In addition, for ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "above", "below", "top", "bottom", etc., may be used herein to describe only one device or feature as shown in the figures in relation to other devices or features. The spatial relationship of features should be understood to also encompass different orientations in use or operation than those shown in the figures.

The equipment components of sodium-cooled reactors face the aging effect of structural materials due to long-term operation in liquid sodium, and with the increase of operating time, the aging effect continues to accumulate, resulting in gradual degradation of their performance. Moreover, the presence of stress may also cause damage and failure of equipment components during operation, and materials are more likely to fail at high temperatures. In order to study the aging failure behavior of sodium-cooled reactors in liquid sodium at high temperature and under creep stress, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aging experiment system for testing materials in liquid sodium and under creep stress. Aging experiments were carried out under stress conditions.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the aging test system includes a reaction vessel 10 , a heating device 20 , a sample carrying device 30 and a test force loading device 40 . Wherein, the reaction vessel 10 is used to accommodate liquid sodium and the sample 100, so that the sample 100 can be immersed in the liquid sodium. The heating device 20 is formed with a heating chamber, and the reaction vessel 10 is disposed in the heating chamber, and the heating device 20 is used for heating the reaction vessel 10 to prevent the liquid sodium from solidifying. The sample carrying device 30 is used to carry the sample 100 , and the sample carrying device 30 is partially disposed in the reaction vessel 10 to immerse the sample 100 in the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10 . The test force loading device 40 is fixedly connected to one end of the sample carrying device 30, and the other end of the sample carrying device 30 is fixedly connected to the reaction vessel 10. The test force loading device 40 is used to apply a test force along its axial direction to the sample 100, The aging test under the condition of creep force is carried out on the sample 100 in liquid sodium.

Wherein, the sample 100 may be a pair of reactor structural materials, for example, core components and cladding materials, reactor internals materials, reactor vessel materials, and the like. In the aging test system in this embodiment, the heating device 20 can be used to control the high-temperature environment in the reaction vessel 10, and the test force loading device 40 is used to load the test force on the sample 100 immersed in liquid sodium, and maintain a certain loading time. Thereby, the continuous loading of the sample 100 in the high-temperature liquid sodium environment can be realized, ensuring that the liquid sodium can maintain a continuous aging ability with creep effects on the sample 100, and ensuring that the material surface of the sample 100 is subjected to creep mechanics and aging effects The coupling effect of the material simulates the performance change of the material in the real operating environment.

Using the experimental system in the embodiment of the present invention, the aging experiment under the condition of creep force can be carried out on the material in liquid sodium, so that when the stress and corrosion exist at the same time, the corrosion aging and failure of the key component materials of the sodium-cooled reactor can be carried out Behavioral research, accumulating aging data of materials under the coupling effect of stress and corrosion, providing reference data for life-cycle management and application of sodium-cooled reactors.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the reaction vessel 10 includes a main body 11 and a cover 12 . The main body 11 is used to accommodate the liquid sodium and the sample 100, and the cover body 12 is hermetically connected with the main body 11. The cover body 12 is used to seal the main body 11, so as to ensure the sealing of the reaction vessel 10 and prevent impurities such as air from entering the reaction vessel 10 to cause safety hazards. hidden danger, while avoiding the escape of a small amount of sodium vapor formed by the evaporation of liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10 at high temperature. Wherein, the reaction vessel 10 is made of nickel-based alloy or stainless steel, which has high strength, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance, and the maximum experimental temperature can reach 800°C.

In some embodiments, a sodium discharge pipe 112 is provided at the bottom of the main body 11 for discharging the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10 . In some embodiments, the main body 11 is a cylinder. In addition, the bottom surface of the main body 11 is wedge-shaped to facilitate the discharge of liquid sodium and avoid liquid sodium residue.

In some embodiments, the top of the main body 11 is provided with a support portion 111 , the support portion 111 is disposed along the circumference of the main body 11 , and the support portion 111 is used to support the main body 11 on the supporting device 1010 . The cover 12 can be detachably connected to the support portion 111 of the main body 11 , for example, the cover 12 can be detachably connected to the main body 11 by using fasteners (eg, bolts or screws, etc.).

As shown in FIG. 4 , the supporting part 111 is provided with a positioning groove 115 , and the position corresponding to the cover body 12 and the supporting part 111 is provided with a positioning block 121 , and the positioning block 121 is matched with the positioning groove 115 . When the cover 12 is connected to the main body 11 , the positioning block 121 is located in the positioning groove 115 , so as to realize the positioning between the cover 12 and the main body 11 and avoid displacement of the cover 12 .

In addition, in some embodiments, a gasket is provided between the cover body 12 and the main body 11 to ensure the sealing effect. Specifically, the gasket can be disposed between the positioning block 121 and the positioning groove 115 , and when the cover 12 is connected to the main body 11 , the positioning block 121 can press the gasket into the positioning groove 115 to improve the sealing effect.

In some embodiments, the heating device 20 includes a thermal insulation layer and a heating element. Wherein, the inside of the insulation layer forms a heating chamber for accommodating the reaction vessel 10, the heating element is connected to the inner surface of the insulation layer, the heating element is used to heat the reaction vessel 10, and the insulation layer is used to reduce the temperature of the reaction vessel 10. Dissipate heat to keep the reaction vessel 10 warm. Specifically, the heat insulation layer can be made of heat insulation bricks.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , in some embodiments, the sample carrying device 30 includes a first clamping member 31 and a second clamping member 32 . The first clamping part 31 is connected with the test force loading device 40, the second clamping part 32 is fixedly connected with the cover body 12, and the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32 are located in the reaction vessel 10 during the aging test , and the second clamp 32 is located on the side of the first clamp 31 away from the test force loading device 40, the sample 100 is clamped between the first clamp 31 and the second clamp 32, so that the test The sample 100 is fixed in the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10, and the test force is applied by the test force loading device 40, and the test force can be transmitted to the sample 100 through the first clamping member 31, so as to be in the case of sodium and creep stress. The aging test was carried out on the test.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , in some embodiments, the sample holding device 30 further includes a supporting member 34, and a plurality of supporting members 34 are connected between the cover body 12 and the second clamping member 32, and are used to hold the second The clamping part 32 is supported on the side of the first clamping part 31 away from the test force loading device 40 to realize the fixed connection between the second clamping part 32 and the cover body 12 . For example, the supporting member 34 is a supporting rod, and both ends of the supporting member 34 can be threadedly connected with the second clamping member 32 and the cover body 12 respectively, so as to realize the connection between the second clamping member 32 and the cover body 12 .

In some embodiments, both the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32 are provided with receiving grooves, the receiving grooves are matched with the ends of the sample 100, and the receiving grooves are used to accommodate the ends of the sample 100, so as to The sample 100 is clamped between the first clamping member 31 and the second clamping member 32 . For example, the receiving groove may be T-shaped, and the end of the sample 100 is also T-shaped. When the end of the sample 100 is connected to the receiving groove, the receiving groove and the end of the sample 100 cooperate to stably clamp the sample 100 between the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32, Prevent the sample 100 from detaching from the first clamping part 31 or the second clamping part 32 .

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , in some embodiments, the sample carrying device 30 further includes a loading rod 33, one end of the loading rod 33 is fixedly connected to the test force loading device 40, and the other end is connected to the first clamping member 31, The loading rod 33 is movably passed through the cover body 12, and the gap between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12 is sealed. The test force loading device 40 is used to drive the loading rod 33 to move along its axial direction to apply a test to the sample 100. force.

During the aging test, the second clamping part 32 is fixed in the reaction vessel 10, and the test force loading device 40 drives the loading rod 33 to move along its axial direction, and then drives the first clamping part 31 to move, thereby realizing the A test force of 100 is loaded. Wherein, the test force may be tensile force or compressive force or the like.

In some embodiments, the aging test system further includes a sealing assembly 70, the sealing assembly 70 is arranged between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12, and is used to seal the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12, so that when the test force is applied to the sample 100 , that is, when the loading rod 33 moves relative to the cover body 12, the sealing between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12 is ensured.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , in some embodiments, the sealing assembly 70 includes a sealing bellows, one end of the sealing bellows is sealingly connected to the cover body 12 , and the other end is sealingly connected to the loading rod 33 , and the loading rod 33 is penetrated. In the sealing bellows, the sealing bellows are expandable. When the test force loading device 40 drives the loading rod 33 to move, the sealing bellows can expand and contract, thereby ensuring the sealing between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12 during the axial movement of the loading rod 33 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , the sealing bellows includes a bellows 71 and two first connecting flanges 72, and the two first connecting flanges 72 are respectively fixedly connected to the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12. It is welded to the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12 . Both ends of the bellows 71 are provided with second connecting flanges 73 , and the first connecting flange 72 is connected with the second connecting flange 73 to achieve sealing. Wherein, the first connecting flange 72 and the second connecting flange 73 are connected by fasteners (for example, bolts).

In some embodiments, the first connecting flange 72 is provided with one of the protrusion 75 and the groove 74, the second connecting flange 73 is provided with the other of the protrusion 75 and the groove 74, and the protrusion 75 and the groove 74 are provided. The groove 74 matches and is used for positioning the first connecting flange 72 and the second connecting flange 73 . In addition, a gasket can also be provided between the protrusion 75 and the groove 74 to improve the sealing effect.

In some embodiments, other ways can also be used to realize the sealing between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12 . As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 , the cover body 12 is provided with an accommodating groove 122 , the loading rod 33 penetrates through the accommodating groove 122 , and the sealing assembly 70 is arranged in the accommodating groove 122 and surrounds the loading rod 33 along the circumferential direction. on the loading rod 33.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , in some embodiments, the sealing assembly 70 includes a first sealing packing 76 , a first gland 77 , a second sealing packing 78 and a second gland 79 . The first sealing packing 76 is filled in the accommodating groove 122 for sealing the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12; the first gland 77 covers the first sealing packing 76 and is used for squeezing the first sealing packing 76; The sealing packing 78 is filled in the accommodating groove 122, and is located on the side of the first gland 77 away from the first sealing packing 76, and is used to seal the loading rod 33 and the cover 12; the second gland 79 is connected to the cover 12, And the second gland 79 covers the second sealing packing 78 for pressing the second sealing packing 78 .

In this embodiment, the first sealing packing 76 and the second sealing packing 78 are used to fill the accommodating groove 122 to ensure the sealing between the loading rod 33 and the cover body 12, and the first gland 77 and the second gland 79 are used. To squeeze the first sealing packing 76 and the second sealing packing 78, so that the first sealing packing 76 and the second sealing packing 78 can keep in close contact with the loading rod 33 to ensure the sealing effect.

In some embodiments, the first sealing packing 76 may be a stainless steel wire mesh packing, and the second sealing packing 78 may be a graphite sealing packing. Among them, the stainless steel wire mesh packing can condense and filter the sodium vapor, block most of the sodium vapor, and prevent the sodium vapor from escaping. The zero-gap fit can be realized between the graphite sealing packing and the loading rod 33, so as to forcibly seal trace amounts of sodium.

In addition, the first gland 77 may be U-shaped, and the second sealing packing 78 may be filled in the first gland 77 . The first gland 77 and the second gland 79 are connected to the top of the accommodating groove 122 , so as to realize the fixing of the first gland 77 and the second gland 79 and prevent displacement. Specifically, the first pressing cover 77 and the second pressing cover 79 can be connected to the top of the accommodating groove 122 using a fastener 332 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the test force loading device 40 is provided with a driving shaft 41 , the loading rod 33 is connected to the driving shaft 41 , and the driving shaft 41 is used to drive the loading rod 33 to move in the axial direction. During the aging test, the value of the test force applied by the test force loading device 40 and the duration of the test force can be set, so that the sample 100 can be subjected to the aging test under the required test force. For example, the test force loading device 40 is a mechanical endurance testing machine, which can be used for high-temperature endurance tests of different materials such as metals, non-metals, and composite materials.

In some embodiments, the sample carrying device 30 is detachable from the test force loading device 40 . As shown in Figure 1, the aging test system also includes a connecting rod 90, which is detachably connected between the drive shaft 41 and the loading rod 33, through the installation and disassembly of the connecting rod 90, the connection between the loading rod 33 and the test force can be realized. Connection and detachment between loading devices 40 .

In some embodiments, the aging experiment system further includes a lifting assembly 60, on which the cover 12 of the reaction vessel 10 is supported, and the lifting assembly 60 is used to drive the cover 12 up and down, so as to realize the gap between the cover 12 and the main body 11. connection and disassembly. Specifically, the lifting assembly 60 is a jacking push rod. One end of the jacking push rod can be fixed to the supporting device 1010, and the other end is connected to the cover body 12. The cover body 12 is supported on the jacking push rod, and the jacking push rod can be stretching, thereby driving the cover body 12 to lift. In addition, a plurality of jacking push rods are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cover body 12 , so as to provide uniform supporting force and pushing force for the cover body 12 , so that the cover body 12 can be lifted and lowered stably.

As shown in Figure 9, before the aging test starts, the sample 100 is installed between the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32, and then the lifting assembly 60 is used to control the cover body 12 to drop to the main body 11, and the After the cover body 12 is connected to the main body 11, the connecting rod 90 is connected between the test force loading device 40 and the loading rod 33, so as to realize the integrated combination of the reaction vessel 10 and the test force loading device 40, which is convenient for testing the sample in liquid sodium. 100 to apply the test force to complete the aging test of the sample 100 under creep force in liquid sodium.

After the experiment is completed, the connecting rod 90 can be removed, and after the connection between the test force loading device 40 and the loading rod 33 is disconnected, the cover body 12 is removed from the main body 11, and the lifting assembly 60 is used to control the cover body 12 to rise. The sample 100 clamped between the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32 is removed, so as to test the performance of the sample 100 after aging, such as tensile strength, fracture toughness and the like.

In some embodiments, the loading rod 33 can also be directly connected with the driving shaft 41 of the test force loading device 40 . Further, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the lifting fixing member 331 is connected to the loading rod 33 , the lifting fixing member 331 is sheathed outside the loading rod 33 , and the lifting fixing member 331 is detachably connected to the cover body 12 . Wherein, when the lifting fixture 331 is connected with the cover body 12, the loading rod 33 can drive the cover body 12 up and down, so as to realize the connection and disassembly between the cover body 12 and the main body 11; , the loading rod 33 moves along its axial direction to apply a test force to the sample 100 . In this embodiment, there is an interference fit between the loading rod 33 and the lifting fixing member 331 , so as to avoid displacement between the loading rod 33 and the lifting fixing member 331 .

In this embodiment, when the lifting fixture 331 is connected to the cover body 12, the test force loading device 40 can be directly used to control the lifting of the loading rod 33, thereby driving the cover body 12 up and down, so as to realize the connection between the cover body 12 and the main body 11. connection and disassembly. When the test force is loaded on the sample 100, it is necessary to disconnect the connection between the lifting fixture 331 and the cover body 12 to ensure that when the test force loading device 40 drives the loading rod 33 to load the test force on the sample 100, the cover body 12 will not move with the loading rod 33.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 , the reaction vessel 10 is also provided with a coolant containing portion 80, the coolant containing portion 80 is used to provide a flow path for the coolant circulation, and the coolant is used to cool the reaction vessel. 10 cover body 12 . Wherein, the coolant accommodating portion 80 is disposed on the cover 12 ; and/or, the coolant accommodating portion 80 is disposed on an end of the main body 11 of the reaction vessel 10 close to the cover 12 , and the coolant accommodating portion 80 is disposed around the main body 11 . A coolant container 80 is provided near the cover 12 and/or the main body 11 to accommodate circulating coolant, thereby cooling the cover 12 and maintaining a low-temperature environment of the cover 12. For example, the sealing assembly can be The temperature at 70 is maintained below the sodium condensation temperature so that the sodium vapor condenses at the lid 12 and prevents the sodium vapor from escaping the reaction vessel 10 . Wherein, the coolant may be cooling oil.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the coolant container 80 is provided with a coolant inlet 81 and a coolant outlet 82 . As shown in Figure 11, the aging test system also includes a coolant supply device 1030, which is respectively connected to the coolant inlet 81 and the coolant outlet 82, and the coolant supply device 1030 provides the coolant container 80 with circulating coolant to maintain The low temperature environment of the cover body 12.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 9 , in some embodiments, the aging test system further includes a support device 1010 on which the heating device 20 , the reaction vessel 10 and the test force loading device 40 are supported. Specifically, the supporting surface 1011 of the supporting device 1010 is provided with an installation hole, the main body 11 is passed through the installation hole, and the supporting part 111 is suspended on the supporting surface 1011 , thereby supporting the main body 11 on the supporting surface 1011 . In addition, the lifting assembly 60 can also be supported on the supporting device 1010 .

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, in some embodiments, the aging experiment system further includes an airtight operation box 1020. In the chamber, the reaction container 10 is arranged in a closed chamber, and the closed chamber is filled with inert gas. Wherein, the inert gas may be argon, and the airtight operation box 1020 may be a glove box. The airtight operation box 1020 is provided with a water and oxygen analyzer, which includes an oxygen probe and a water probe, which are used to measure and display water and oxygen indicators inside the airtight operation box 1020 .

In this embodiment, the reaction vessel 10 is placed in the airtight operation box 1020, and the reaction vessel 10 can maintain an argon atmosphere during the experiment by adjusting the gas content and composition inside the airtight operation box 1020 and the reaction vessel 10. In addition, during the aging experiment, the inert gas environment inside the airtight operation box 1020 and the reaction vessel 10 can be maintained at a slight positive pressure, thereby preventing impurities such as oxygen and water vapor in the air from entering the glove through the sealed gap of the airtight operation box 1020 Box, and then into the reaction vessel 10, to avoid the introduction of impurities in the sodium and produce safety risks.

In some embodiments, the aging experiment system further includes a gas purification device 1040, the gas purification device 1040 is connected to the sealed operation box 1020, and is used to purify the argon gas inside the reaction vessel 10 and the sealed operation box 1020, and make the closed operation box 1020 During the experiment, there may be a continuous gas purification process to maintain the gas composition and content inside the airtight operation box 1020 .

As shown in FIG. 11 , in some embodiments, the aging experiment system further includes a sodium filling and draining component connected to the reaction vessel 10 for filling or draining the reaction vessel 10 with liquid sodium.

In some embodiments, the sodium purge assembly includes a sodium storage container 1050 and a vacuum pump 1060 . Sodium is stored in the sodium storage container 1050 , and the sodium storage container 1050 is connected to the reaction container 10 for providing liquid sodium to the reaction container 10 or collecting liquid sodium in the reaction container 10 . As shown in FIG. 12 , the reaction vessel 10 is provided with a sodium inlet 113 and a sodium outlet 114 , and a sodium storage container 1050 is connected to the sodium inlet 113 and the sodium outlet 114 respectively. When needed, the sodium stored in the sodium storage container 1050 can be delivered to the reaction vessel 10 through the sodium inlet 113, and when the aging experiment is over, the sodium in the reaction vessel 10 can be delivered to the sodium storage container 1050 through the sodium outlet 114 , for recycling.

In this embodiment, the vacuum pumping device 1060 is connected to the sodium storage container 1050 and the reaction container 10 respectively, and the vacuum pumping device 1060 is used for: before filling the reaction container 10 with liquid sodium, the reaction container 10 is evacuated; or , before the reaction vessel 10 discharges the liquid sodium, the sodium storage vessel 1050 is evacuated. Specifically, when transporting sodium into the reaction vessel 10, the reaction vessel 10 is first evacuated to a negative pressure, then the control valve between the sodium storage vessel 1050 and the reaction vessel 10 is opened, and the sodium storage vessel 1050 is slowly filled with The inert gas makes the liquid sodium flow from the sodium storage container 1050 into the reaction container 10; Inert gas is injected so that liquid sodium flows from the reaction vessel 10 to the sodium storage vessel 1050.

In some embodiments, the outer surface of the sodium pipeline between the reaction vessel 10 and the sodium storage vessel 1050 is provided with a heating wire for heating the sodium pipeline to prevent the liquid sodium in the sodium pipeline from solidifying. In addition, the sodium pipeline can also be wrapped with thermal insulation cotton, and the thermal insulation cotton can be wrapped outside the heating wire to insulate the sodium pipeline.

As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, the reaction vessel 10 is also provided with a temperature measuring piece 101 and a liquid level measuring piece 102, the temperature measuring piece 101 is used to measure the inside of the reaction vessel 10 and/or the vessel wall of the reaction vessel 10 temperature, the liquid level measuring piece 102 is used to measure the liquid level of liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10. During the aging experiment, various temperature, pressure, liquid level and displacement values can be measured and recorded in real time.

The aging experiment system in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the aging experiment of materials in high-temperature liquid sodium under creep force, and the gas content is controllable, which can control, adjust and maintain the force and aging coupling experiment of materials in liquid sodium The experimental environment simulates the aging of materials under real conditions, so as to study the aging of materials and provide real and effective aging data.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides an aging test method, which can be realized by using the aging test system according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments. Specifically, the aging experiment method includes the following steps S10 to S30.

Step S10, according to the use position of the material to be tested in the reactor, determine the type and size of the sample, and process the material to be tested into a sample. Wherein, the material to be tested includes at least one of core assembly and cladding material, stack internal component material, and stack container material.

Step S20, according to the shape and size of the sample, determine the test force to be applied to the sample.

In step S30, the sample is installed in the experimental system, and a test force is applied to the sample, so as to perform a creep aging test on the sample.

Since the stress of the material to be tested in the sodium environment is complex, in step S10 , the type and size of the sample are set according to the use site of the material, so as to simulate the stress of the material under real conditions. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13 , the sample 100 includes at least one of a tensile sample 110 , a Charpy impact sample 120 and a compact tensile sample 130 , and the sizes of each sample are national standard sizes.

In this embodiment, at least one type of sample can be selected from a plurality of samples according to the use site of the material to be tested, and the material to be tested can be processed into this type of sample. For example, when conducting aging research on heat exchange tube materials in sodium-cooled reactors, since the stress and failure form of heat exchange tubes is usually the internal pressure that causes the heat exchange tube wall to rupture in the axial direction, it is necessary to study the aging of heat exchange tube materials Therefore, the heat exchange tube material to be tested can be processed into three types of test specimens: tensile specimen 110, Charpy impact specimen 120 and compact tensile specimen 130. sample for the above three performance tests.

As shown in FIG. 14 , in some embodiments, the two ends of the sample are provided with a connecting portion 140 , the connecting portion 140 is T-shaped, and the connecting portion 140 is connected to the receiving grooves of the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32 Matched, the connection part 140 is detachably connected to both ends of the sample, for example, the connection part 140 can be connected to both ends of the sample by screw connection. The connecting part 140 can be installed in the receiving groove, so as to realize the clamping installation of the sample.

In general, the two ends of the sample cannot be installed in cooperation with the first clamping part 31 and the second clamping part 32. In this embodiment, the connection part 140 can be processed and designed according to the length of the sample and the thread specifications at both ends. The connection part 140 is connected to both ends of the sample, so that the clamping and fixing of the sample can be realized through the cooperation of the connection part and the receiving groove.

After determining the type and size of the sample, the applied test force can be determined according to the shape and size of the sample. In some embodiments, the test force is in the range of 30-150 kN. Specifically, when determining the test force, the stress level required for the sample during aging can be set according to the actual application of the material to be tested in the reactor, and the test force can be calculated according to the required stress level.

For example, when conducting aging research on the heat exchange tube material in the reactor, according to the design parameters of the heat exchange tube, the maximum stress that the heat exchange tube bears is 60Mpa, and the heat exchange tube material is processed into different types of samples. Wherein, the cross-section of the tensile sample 110 is a circle with a diameter of 5 mm, then the required test force of the tensile sample 110 is the product of the required stress and the cross-sectional area, which is about 1.2 kN; Charpy impact The cross-section of the sample 120 is a square of 10 mm×10 mm, and the test force is 6 kN; the cross-section of the compact tensile sample 130 is a rectangle of 8 mm×20 mm, the test force is 9.6 kN.

In step S30, when the creep aging test in sodium is carried out on the sample, the aging test system in the above embodiment can be used to complete. Specifically, at first the sample is installed on the sample carrying device 30; secondly, the cover 12 of the reaction vessel 10 and the sample carrying device 30 connected to the cover 12 are controlled to descend, and the cover 12 is sealed with the main body 11, so as to The sample is immersed in the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel 10; then, the atmosphere environment in the airtight operation box 1020 is set to purify the argon in the reaction vessel 10; finally, the test force loading device 40 is applied to the sample in step S20 To determine the test force, carry out the aging test.

The aging test method in the embodiment of the present invention is further described below with specific examples.

Example 1

(1) According to the use part of the material to be measured, determine the type and size of the sample. Among them, the diameter of the clamping section of the standard tensile sample 110 is 10mm, the diameter of the gauge section is 5mm, and the length is 80mm; the Charpy impact sample 120 is a cuboid of 10mm×10mm×55mm, and the compact tensile sample 130 is 8mm ×20mm×20mm cuboid.

(2) According to the shape and size of the sample in (1), calculate the applied test force.

(3) Using the aging test system in the above embodiment to carry out the aging test on the sample. Wherein, the capacity of the reaction vessel is 10L. Heat the inside of the reaction vessel to 650°C, install the sample on the sample carrying device; control the lowering of the cover of the reaction vessel and the sample carrying device connected to the cover, and seal the cover with the main body so that the sample is immersed in the In the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel; set the atmosphere in the airtight operation box to purify the argon in the reaction vessel; finally, control the test force loading device to apply the test force to the sample to carry out the aging test.

Example 2

(1) The material to be tested is processed into a sample, and the sample is a round bar with a diameter of 50 mm.

(2) According to the shape and size of the sample in (1), calculate the applied test force as 120kN.

(3) Using the aging test system in the above embodiment to carry out the aging test on the sample. Wherein, the capacity of the reaction vessel is 20L. Heat the inside of the reaction vessel to 700°C, install the sample on the sample carrying device; control the lowering of the cover of the reaction vessel and the sample carrying device connected to the cover, and seal the cover with the main body so that the sample is immersed in the In the liquid sodium in the reaction vessel; set the atmosphere in the airtight operation box to purify the argon in the reaction vessel; finally, control the test force loading device to apply the test force to the sample to carry out the aging test.

Regarding the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (18)

1. An aging test system, comprising:

a reaction vessel for containing liquid sodium and a sample to enable the sample to be immersed in the liquid sodium;

the heating device is provided with a heating cavity, the reaction container is arranged in the heating cavity, and the heating device is used for heating the reaction container;

the sample bearing device is used for bearing a sample, and the sample bearing device is partially arranged in the reaction container;

the test force loading device is fixedly connected with one end of the sample bearing device, and the other end of the sample bearing device is fixedly connected with the reaction container; the test force loading device is used for applying test force along the axial direction of the test sample to the test sample so as to carry out aging test on the test sample under the condition of creep stress in liquid sodium.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the reaction vessel comprises:

a body for containing the liquid sodium and the sample;

the cover body is in sealing connection with the main body and is used for sealing the main body.

3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the sample carrier device comprises:

the first clamping piece is connected with the test force loading device;

the second clamping piece, the second clamping piece with the lid fixed connection of reaction vessel, first clamping piece and second clamping piece are in ageing experimental process is located in the reaction vessel, just the second clamping piece is located first clamping piece is kept away from one side of experimental force loading device, the sample centre gripping in between first clamping piece and the second clamping piece.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the sample carrier device further comprises:

and the plurality of supporting pieces are connected between the cover body and the second clamping piece and are used for supporting the second clamping piece on one side of the first clamping piece away from the test force loading device.

5. A system according to claim 3, wherein the first and second clamping members are each provided with a receiving slot for receiving an end of the sample to clamp the sample between the first and second clamping members.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein the sample carrier device further comprises:

the test force loading device is used for driving the loading rod to move along the axial direction of the loading rod so as to apply the test force to the sample.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising: the sealing assembly is arranged between the loading rod and the cover body and is used for sealing the loading rod and the cover body.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the cover is provided with a receiving slot, the loading rod is disposed through the receiving slot, and the seal assembly is disposed within the receiving slot and circumferentially surrounds the loading rod.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the seal assembly comprises:

the first sealing filler is filled in the accommodating groove and is used for sealing the loading rod and the cover body;

a first gland covering the first packing, for compressing the first packing;

the second sealing filler is filled in the accommodating groove and is positioned at one side of the first gland, which is far away from the first sealing filler, and is used for sealing the loading rod and the cover body;

the second gland is connected with the cover body, covers the second sealing filler and is used for extruding the second sealing filler.

10. The system of claim 7, wherein the seal assembly comprises:

the sealing corrugated pipe is characterized in that one end of the sealing corrugated pipe is in sealing connection with the cover body, the other end of the sealing corrugated pipe is in sealing connection with the loading rod, the loading rod penetrates through the sealing corrugated pipe, and the sealing corrugated pipe is telescopic.

11. The system of claim 6, wherein the loading rod is connected with a lifting fixture, the lifting fixture is sleeved outside the loading rod, and the lifting fixture is detachably connected with the cover body; wherein,,

when the lifting fixing piece is connected with the cover body, the loading rod can drive the cover body to lift;

when the lifting fixing piece is detached from the cover body, the loading rod moves along the axial direction of the lifting fixing piece so as to apply the test force to the test sample.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the sample carrier device is removable from the test force loading device, the system further comprising:

the lifting assembly is used for driving the cover body of the reaction container to lift.

13. The system of any one of claims 1-12, further comprising:

and the heating device, the reaction container and the test force loading device are supported on the supporting device.

14. The system of any one of claims 1-13, further comprising:

the reaction vessel is arranged in the sealed cavity, and inert gas is filled in the sealed cavity.

15. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the reaction vessel is further provided with a coolant accommodating portion for providing a flow path for a coolant circulating flow for cooling a cover of the reaction vessel; wherein,,

the coolant accommodating part is arranged on the cover body;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the coolant accommodating portion is provided at one end of the main body of the reaction vessel near the cover body, and the coolant accommodating portion is provided around the main body.

16. The system of any one of claims 1-15, further comprising:

and the sodium charging and discharging assembly is connected with the reaction container and is used for charging or discharging the liquid sodium from the reaction container.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the sodium charge-discharge assembly comprises:

the sodium storage container is connected with the reaction container and is used for providing the liquid sodium for the reaction container or collecting the liquid sodium in the reaction container;

the vacuum air extracting device is respectively connected with the sodium storage container and the reaction container and is used for: vacuumizing the reaction vessel before filling the liquid sodium into the reaction vessel; alternatively, the sodium storage vessel is evacuated prior to the reaction vessel discharging the liquid sodium.

18. An aging test method, characterized in that it is implemented by using the test system according to any one of claims 1 to 17; the method comprises the following steps:

determining the type and the size of a sample according to the use position of a material to be tested in a reactor, and processing the material to be tested into the sample;

determining a test force applied to the sample based on the shape and size of the sample;

the test specimen is installed in the test system, and the test force is applied to the test specimen to perform a creep aging test on the test specimen.