CN116687086A - A fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask, and relates to the technical field of masks. The mask comprises a mask body, edges of the periphery of the mask body are sealed, the mask body mainly comprises a three-layer structure, a first carbon fiber cloth layer is arranged on the first layer, a silicon dioxide nanofiber membrane layer is arranged on the second layer, and a second carbon fiber cloth layer is arranged on the third layer. The invention can not only resist high temperature, but also effectively filter PM2.5 particles and viruses, and the PM2.5 mask still has excellent filtering performance at high temperature.

Description

A fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of masks, in particular to a fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask.

Background technique

Ordinary fiber masks have poor high-temperature resistance. Traditional high-temperature sterilization requires a temperature of about 120°C. Ordinary masks are obviously not reusable, and ordinary PM2.5 masks have poor filtration performance at high temperatures and cannot be used in special environments. It is a new development path to use silica microfiber membrane instead of traditional non-woven fabric and melt-blown fabric as the core filter layer raw material for mask production.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask, which can withstand high temperature and effectively filter PM2.5 particles and viruses, and make the PM2.5 mask still have excellent filtering performance at high temperatures. performance.

For reaching above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a kind of fireproof silicon dioxide nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mouth mask, comprise mouth mask main body, all around the edge place of described mouth mask main body edge sealing, described mouth mask body mainly is made up of three-layer structure, The first layer is the first carbon fiber cloth layer, the second layer is the silica nanofiber film layer, and the third layer is the second carbon fiber cloth layer.

Further, a nose bridge clip is provided at the edge seal outside the mask main body.

Further, a sealing sponge strip is provided at the edge sealing inside the mask main body, and the position of the sealing sponge strip corresponds to the position of the nose bridge clip.

Further, one end outside the mask main body is fixedly connected with a first headband rope, and the other side outside the mask main body is fixedly connected with a second headband rope.

Further, the silicon dioxide nanofiber film layer is electrospun by mixing ethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water and hydrochloric acid in a certain proportion and heating it in a high-temperature water bath to a certain viscosity.

Further, the specific preparation method of the silica nanofiber film layer is as follows:

Prepare 20ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 10.256ml of ethanol, 2.68ml of ultrapure water, and 1.27ml of hydrochloric acid; and hydrochloric acid are configured in a small beaker and added dropwise to the prepared primary mixed solution with a rubber dropper; after stirring the mixed solution evenly, then start heating, when the temperature continues to rise to 80°C, stop heating and Continue stirring at a constant temperature of 80°C to completely volatilize the ethanol in the solution; stir again for 1 hour until no bubbles appear in the mixed solution, stop heating and let it cool to room temperature, then spin to obtain ultrafine silica Fiber membrane.

Further, when the ultrapure water and hydrochloric acid were configured in a small beaker and added dropwise to the prepared primary mixed solution using a rubber dropper, the stirring time was 5 minutes using a heat-collecting constant temperature magnetic stirrer.

Further, the spinning parameters are set as follows: the spinning voltage is 20KV, the inner diameter of the nozzle is 0.6mm, the outer diameter of the nozzle is 0.9mm, the rotating speed of the drum is 150rpm, the translation speed of the nozzle is 400mm/min, and the distance between the nozzle and the receiving drum is 15-20cm, spinning time 45-55min.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention can not only resist high temperature but also effectively filter PM2.5 particles and viruses, and make the PM2.5 mask still have excellent filtering performance under high temperature.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the rear view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the scanning electron micrograph of silicon dioxide nanofiber film layer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the silicon dioxide nanofiber film figure obtained by the drum receiving device and the fixed receiving device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the contact angle figure of silica nanofiber film of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of the high temperature treatment of the silica nanofiber film layer of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a comparison chart of high temperature treatment of carbon fiber cloth of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the data detection diagram (without temperature preprocessing) of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a data detection diagram of the present invention (400°C high temperature pretreatment);

Fig. 10 is a detection report diagram of the present invention.

Among them, in the figure:

1. The main body of the mask; 2. The first headband rope; 3. The second headband rope; 4. Nose bridge clip; 5. Sealing sponge strip; 6. The first carbon fiber cloth layer; 7. Silica nanofiber film layer; 8. The second carbon fiber cloth layer.

Detailed ways

In order to achieve the above purpose and effects, the technical means and structures adopted in the present invention will be described in detail in terms of the features and functions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of fireproof silicon dioxide nanofiber film PM2.5 mouth mask, comprise mouth mask main body 1, all around the edge place of described mouth mask main body 1, all edge sealing, described mouth mask body mainly It consists of a three-layer structure, the first layer is the first carbon fiber cloth layer 6, the second layer is the silicon dioxide nanofiber film layer 7, and the third layer is the second carbon fiber cloth layer 8. The main body of the mask 1 is folded multiple times, and the outer contour of the main body of the mask 1 is oval after being folded.

In this embodiment, a nose bridge clip 4 is provided at the edge seal outside the mask main body 1 .

In this embodiment, a sealing sponge strip 5 is provided at the inner edge of the mask main body 1 , and the position of the sealing sponge strip 5 corresponds to the position of the nose bridge clip 4 .

In this embodiment, one end outside the mask body 1 is fixedly connected with a first headband rope 2 , and the other side outside the mask body 1 is fixedly connected with a second headband rope 3 .

The mask body is mainly composed of the first carbon fiber cloth layer, the silica nanofiber film layer and the second carbon fiber cloth layer, all of which are made of high temperature resistant materials. The material of the bridge of the nose is copper, the material of the sealing sponge is inorganic sponge, and the material of the first headband and the second headband is carbon fiber cloth. For the carbon fiber cloth cut into a rectangle, heat treatment is carried out in a photosynthetic box-type resistance furnace to control the temperature within the range of 100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, etc., as shown in Figure 7(a) and Figure 7(b) As shown in Figure 7(c), each sample was then stored at different room temperature conditions for 30 min and finally taken out. The surface microstructure of the material was observed, and the size and distribution of the internal pores of the material were analyzed at different temperatures. After different high-temperature heat treatments, the color of the carbon fiber cloth has not changed significantly, and the mechanical properties have not changed significantly, so it is very suitable to use the carbon fiber cloth layer as the outer layer of the mask. Carbon fiber cloth is a high-strength and high-modulus fiber with a carbon content higher than 90%. It has excellent high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and its highest high temperature resistance is around 1000°C.

The silica nanofiber film layer is made by electrospinning by mixing ethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water and hydrochloric acid in a certain proportion and heating it in a high-temperature water bath to a certain viscosity. The concrete preparation method of silicon dioxide nanofiber membrane layer is as follows: prepare tetraethyl orthosilicate 20ml, ethanol 10.256ml, ultrapure water 2.68ml, hydrochloric acid 1.27ml; Stir for 5 minutes to form a primary mixed solution, then configure ultrapure water and hydrochloric acid in a small beaker and drop them into the prepared primary mixed solution with a rubber dropper, using DF-101S heat-collecting constant temperature magnetic force when adding Stir with a stirrer for 5 minutes; stir the mixed solution evenly, then start heating, stop heating when the temperature continues to rise to 80°C and continue stirring at a constant temperature of 80°C to completely volatilize the ethanol in the solution; Stirring time is about 1 hour, until there are no bubbles in the mixed solution, stop heating and allow it to cool to room temperature, the solution can be spun very well. As shown in Figure 4(a), the silica nanofiber membrane prepared by a fixed receiving device has thinner edge parts and thicker middle parts, so the thickness of the spun membrane is uneven, which will lead to a decrease in its filtration efficiency. Greatly reduced. Therefore the present invention adopts the roller receiving device to prepare silica nanofiber film, as shown in Figure 4 (b), the parameter of spinning is set as: spinning voltage is 20KV, and nozzle inner diameter is 0.6mm, and nozzle outer diameter is 0.9mm, and roller The rotating speed is 150rpm, the translation speed of the nozzle is 400mm/min, the distance between the nozzle and the receiving drum is 15-20cm, and the spinning time is 45-55min. The prepared silica nanofiber membrane has uniform thickness and better mechanical properties. The prepared silica nanofiber membrane shows a micro-nano fiber network structure through scanning electron microscopy, with uniform thickness and surface smooth, and the pores are also at the micro-nano level, as shown in Figure 3. As the core filter layer of the mask, the protection efficiency is extremely high. Cut the obtained ultrafine silica nanofiber membrane into a rectangle, then put it into a muffle furnace for calcination heat treatment, and set the temperature between 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C, as shown in Figure 6 ( a) As shown in Figure 6(b), let the sample go through heat treatment for about 30 minutes, it can be seen that with the gradual increase of high temperature, the silica nanofiber film does not change significantly, and the chemical stability of the film is not affected. There is no change, but some impurities in the fiber are calcined and heat-treated, so that the mechanical properties and filtration performance are improved. It can be seen that the silica nanofiber membrane has extremely high temperature resistance, and its protective effect will not be weakened with the passage of temperature and time.

The designed fire-resistant silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask adopts three-layer filtration, the inner and outer layers are carbon fiber cloth layers, and the middle core filter layer is silica nanofiber film layer, with a total thickness of 4mm. When filtering flue gas with a PM2.5 concentration of 800μ/ ^m3 at room temperature, as shown in Figure 8, the filtration efficiency is basically maintained at about 95%. The entire detection time is 70 minutes. At the beginning, the concentration of PM2.5 particles in the air environment is a little higher, so the test filtration efficiency within 15 minutes is low. After 15 minutes of filtration, all the air in the test box has been filtered air, and finally stabilized. Around 43μ/m ³ .

The designed fire-resistant silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask adopts three layers of filtration, the inner and outer layers are carbon fiber cloth layers, and the middle core filter layer is a silica nanofiber film layer with a total thickness of 5mm. When filtering flue gas with a PM2.5 concentration of 390μ/ ^m3 at a high temperature of 400 degrees, as shown in Figure 9, the filtration efficiency is basically maintained at about 90%. The whole detection time is 70min, and it is stable at about 43μ/m ³ .

The designed fire-resistant silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask adopts three-layer filtration, the inner and outer layers are carbon fiber cloth layers, and the middle core filter layer is silica nanofiber film layer, with a total thickness of 4mm. Submit 50 fire-resistant silica nanofiber PM2.5 masks to a qualified third-party testing agency Suzhou Guozheng Testing Technology Co., Ltd. for inspection. As shown in Figure 10, the PM2.5 filtration efficiency test results meet the inspection requirements, and the filtration efficiency All reached more than 99%.

The silica nanofiber film layer is hydrophobic. The silica nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning was tested for contact angle. During the test, water droplets were placed on the surface of the prepared silica nanofiber membrane to be smooth and non-permeable. The contact angle was 120°, showing hydrophobicity. As shown in Figure 5.

As the core filter layer of the mask, the silica nanofiber membrane layer can effectively intercept dust, bacteria, viruses and other particles in the air. It can resist pollutants such as corrosive liquids and has excellent high temperature resistance. It can continue to work at a high temperature of up to 800°C and maintain excellent filtration performance. The silica nanofiber membrane layer prepared by the electrospinning method has excellent filtration performance, and the silica nanofibers are fine, and the pores are small in network distribution and other filtration advantages.

The invention focuses on the problems that the traditional disposable masks are not resistant to high temperature, cannot be reused, and cause serious pollution to the environment. A fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask was designed, and the silica nanofiber membrane layer with excellent filtration performance was prepared by electrospinning as the core filter layer of the mask. The basic structural design of the PM2.5 mask is designed. The PM2.5 mask has high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, can be reused after high temperature sterilization and can be applied to special environments. The performance testing and analysis of the produced fireproof silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask were carried out. The test found that high-temperature flue gas below 400°C does not affect the filtration performance of ultra-fine silica nanofiber membrane and carbon fiber fireproof cloth as excellent as the filtration performance at room temperature. Ordinary PM2.5 masks have poor filtration performance at high temperatures, while fireproof silica nanofiber PM2.5 masks can effectively filter PM2.5 particles at high temperatures with their excellent high temperature resistance, thus providing them with more Large development platform and wider application fields.

The invention provides a reusable and recyclable fireproof nano-mask, which can replace traditional non-woven fabrics, reduce waste of resources and environmental pollution, and can be applied to special environments with a wider scope of application. The mask as a whole has fire resistance and corrosion resistance. The filtration function is mainly completed by the silica nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning. It has certain hydrophobicity and high temperature resistance. It relies on its nanopore filtration to greatly improve its protection. efficiency. And it can be sterilized at 600°C without destroying its protection efficiency. It can not only withstand high temperature but also effectively filter PM2.5 particles and viruses, and make PM2.5 masks still have excellent filtration performance at high temperatures. Moreover, the fireproof silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask designed by the present invention has a very wide range of application, can replace the traditional melt-blown cloth mask for recycling, and greatly reduce resource waste and environmental pollution.

The manufacture process of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention first draws the size of the designed mask on the carbon fiber cloth, and needs to cut two carbon fiber cloths of the same size, then the spun silicon dioxide nanofiber membrane is placed between the two cut carbon fiber cloths, and the three To completely align it, and then sew it together, the thread used here is also carbon fiber. After completing the above steps, fix the first headband and the second headband to both ends of the main body of the mask, and finally fix the metal nose bridge copper strip to the nose of the mask with special fireproof glue. In this way, a complete mask is finished.

The filtration detection time of the present invention is 70min, and the filtration detection is carried out when the PM2.5 concentration is 400μ/m3 ^～ 800μ/ ^m3 respectively, and it is found that the filtration performance of the fireproof silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask is better than that of the ordinary PM2.5 mask. Better performance. When the pre-filtration concentration is about 800μ/ ^m3 , the filtration efficiency of the fireproof silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask can still reduce the filtered PM2.5 concentration to about 40μ/ ^m3 . There was no significant difference in the results of high temperature filtration experiments at 400°C. This is because both the carbon fiber cloth layer and the silica nanofiber film layer have good flame retardancy and high temperature resistance within a certain temperature range, and the fiber structure will not be affected by high temperature, so that the filtration of the mask Impaired performance. This shows that the fire-resistant silica nanofiber PM2.5 mask has better filtration performance and can more effectively filter PM2.5 particles in the air. Filtration efficiency as high as 95% to 99%, in line with national production standards.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention in any way, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a fire prevention silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 gauze mask, its characterized in that includes the gauze mask main part, the edge all around of gauze mask main part is sealed, the gauze mask main part mainly comprises three layer construction, and first layer is first carbon fiber cloth layer, and the second layer is silica nanofiber rete, and the third layer is second carbon fiber cloth layer.

2. A fire resistant silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask according to claim 1, wherein the edge sealing of the outer side of the mask body is provided with nose bridge clips.

3. A fire-resistant silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask according to claim 2, wherein a sealing sponge strip is arranged at the edge sealing edge of the inner side of the mask body, and the position of the sealing sponge strip corresponds to the position of the nose bridge clip.

4. The mask of claim 1 wherein one end of the outer side of the mask body is fixedly connected with a first headband and the other end of the outer side of the mask body is fixedly connected with a second headband.

5. The mask of claim 1, wherein the silica nanofiber membrane layer is formed by electrostatic spinning of ethyl orthosilicate, ethanol, water and hydrochloric acid mixed in a certain proportion in a high-temperature water bath heated to a certain viscosity.

6. The mask of claim 5, wherein the specific manufacturing method of the silica nanofiber membrane layer is as follows:

20ml of ethyl orthosilicate, 10.256ml of ethanol, 2.68ml of ultrapure water and 1.27ml of hydrochloric acid are prepared; firstly, preparing ethyl orthosilicate and ethanol into an conical flask, stirring for 5min to form a primary mixed solution, then preparing ultrapure water and hydrochloric acid into a small beaker, and dripping the ultrapure water and the hydrochloric acid into the prepared primary mixed solution by using a rubber head dropper; after uniformly stirring the mixed solution, heating, stopping heating when the temperature continuously rises to 80 ℃, and continuously stirring at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ to completely volatilize ethanol in the solution; stirring for 1h again until no bubbles appear in the mixed solution, stopping heating, cooling to normal temperature, and spinning to obtain the superfine silica fiber membrane.

7. The mask of claim 6, wherein the ultra pure water and hydrochloric acid are mixed in a small beaker and added dropwise to the prepared primary mixed solution using a rubber head dropper, and stirred for 5min using a heat-collecting constant temperature magnetic stirrer.

8. A fire resistant silica nanofiber membrane PM2.5 mask according to claim 6, wherein the spinning parameters are set as: the spinning voltage is 20KV, the inner diameter of the nozzle is 0.6mm, the outer diameter of the nozzle is 0.9mm, the rotating speed of the roller is 150rpm, the translation speed of the nozzle is 400mm/min, the distance between the nozzle and the receiving roller is 15-20 cm, and the spinning time is 45-55 min.