CN116673706A - Manufacturing method of thin-wall long sleeve part - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of thin-wall long sleeve part Download PDFInfo
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- CN116673706A CN116673706A CN202310967568.XA CN202310967568A CN116673706A CN 116673706 A CN116673706 A CN 116673706A CN 202310967568 A CN202310967568 A CN 202310967568A CN 116673706 A CN116673706 A CN 116673706A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a thin-wall long sleeve part, belonging to the technical field of machining; the process comprises drilling, turning, rough milling, rough grinding, finish milling, semi-finish grinding and finish grinding, wherein an adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device is introduced into the rough grinding to further clamp a workpiece to be machined; according to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, through adjusting the processing technology method, the processing sequence of traditional drilling, turning, grinding and milling is adjusted to drilling, turning, rough milling, finish milling, semi-finish milling and finish milling, the deformation is gradually eliminated from the technology method, bending deformation after the part is processed is avoided, meanwhile, the production and processing efficiency is further improved by means of the design of the clamping device, and the finished product qualification rate of products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a thin-wall long sleeve part, and belongs to the technical field of machining.
Background
A thin-wall long sleeve part is processed, the wall thickness is thinner, the diameter is only about 1/10 of the diameter, meanwhile, the length-diameter ratio is more than 15 times, a plurality of windows are uniformly distributed on the circumference, and all excircles are required to have coaxiality phi 0.01mm and straightness 0.01mm (shown in figure 2). The thin-wall long sleeve part has high machining difficulty, and the product structure, the clamping mode and the machining process method are all the key factors which lead to low qualification rate of the product.
1. Influence of the processing method on the precision of the part
The most common process method for machining the parts comprises drilling, turning, grinding and milling, milling is carried out after grinding by the conventional process method, deformation of the parts caused by uneven stress of a circumferential window during grinding is avoided, but after milling, bending deformation of the parts is generated due to influence of a removing allowance and a cutting force, and the process method cannot meet the machining requirement under the condition of high precision requirement of the parts.
2. Influence of grinding clamping tool on part precision
The hard alloy is adopted to fix two ends of the center for clamping during grinding, but the following defects can occur in actual processing:
1) The tailstock is manually propped up, so that the cutting resistance between the surface of the part and the grinding wheel is generated, the part is bent, a gap is generated between the conical surface and the contact surface of the tip, the part is ground into an elliptical or polygonal surface, the coaxiality is out of tolerance, and the conical surface is subjected to phenomena such as strain;
2) The hydraulic jacking tailstock is adopted, and the jacking force continuously extrudes towards the middle, so that the extrusion force bends the part in the window area, the grinding amount is suddenly increased, the cutting resistance is rapidly increased, the cutter gnawing phenomenon occurs, and serious bending deformation is generated;
3) Because of the structural characteristics of the thin-wall long sleeve part, the two-center clamping method is singly adopted, the middle suspension part is overlong, the grinding force is generally judged according to the personal experience of an operator during grinding, and the self-excited vibration of the part is often accompanied in the grinding process, so that the surface roughness of the part is difficult to control, and the machining requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems, the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part is provided, and the method effectively improves the product qualification rate and ensures the processing efficiency of the whole part by changing the sequence of the traditional processing technology and adjusting specific details.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a manufacturing method of a thin-wall long sleeve part comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling, namely preparing blank to be processed, drilling a through hole according to the inner diameter requirement, and processing and forming the internal through hole;
s2, turning, namely assembling the drilled to-be-machined workpiece on a lathe, machining the outer surface of the drilled to-be-machined workpiece by using the lathe, finely turning the outer circle, reserving grinding allowance, and turning threads at the designated position of the to-be-machined workpiece;
s3, rough milling, namely after the whole appearance of the workpiece to be machined is turned and formed, assembling the workpiece to be machined in a milling machine, rough milling a kidney-shaped window in the middle of the workpiece to be machined according to the machining requirement, and reserving finish milling allowance;
s4, rough grinding, namely assembling the rough-milled workpiece to be machined on a grinding machine, clamping the workpiece to be machined by adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, performing rough grinding after clamping is completed, and reserving a fine grinding allowance;
s5, finish milling, namely assembling the roughly-milled workpiece to be processed on a milling machine, and processing a kidney-shaped window to the size requirement;
s6, standing, namely standing the finish-milled workpiece to be processed according to natural aging, and releasing stress;
s7, semi-finish grinding, namely, checking the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S6, and under the condition that the bending deformation meets the requirement, adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for semi-finish grinding, and reserving finish grinding allowance;
s8, fine grinding, namely, checking and finishing the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S7, and adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for fine grinding under the condition of meeting the requirements, and machining the excircle to the size requirement.
Further, in step S2, the reserved grinding allowance of the finish turning outer circle is 0.16mm-0.36mm.
Further, in the step S4, the reserved fine grinding allowance after coarse grinding is 0.08-0.12mm;
in step S7, the reserved fine grinding allowance after semi-fine grinding is 0.03-0.05mm.
Further, in step S3, the reserved finish milling allowance after rough milling is 0.16mm-0.36mm.
Further, in step S6, the to-be-machined piece is naturally left standing for a period of not less than 14 days.
Further, the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device comprises a mandrel serving as a support, a fixed plug is arranged at one end of the mandrel, a support sleeve and a damping ring are sequentially and crosswise arranged along the other end of the mandrel by taking the fixed plug as a positioning end face, a movable plug is further arranged at the other end of the mandrel, an adjusting nut is arranged on the outer side of the movable plug, and an elastic element is further arranged between the adjusting nut and the movable plug.
Further, the two end parts after the assembly of the support sleeve and the damping ring are the support sleeve, the support sleeve at one end part is matched with the fixed plug, and the support sleeve at the other end part is matched with the movable plug.
Further, the gap between the outer side surface of the damping ring and the inner side wall of the workpiece to be processed is 0.03-0.05mm.
Further, when the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined, the method further comprises the following steps:
d1, selecting a matched self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device according to the diameter of an inner hole of a to-be-machined piece;
d2, assembling the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, taking a fixed plug on the mandrel as a reference surface, firstly loading the supporting sleeve, secondly loading the damping ring, and repeatedly loading the supporting sleeve and the damping ring according to the length requirement of the mandrel, wherein the last loaded part is the supporting sleeve;
d3, sleeving the workpiece to be processed on the supporting sleeve and the damping ring;
and D4, installing a movable plug at the outer side of the finally installed supporting sleeve, installing an elastic element and an adjusting nut at the outer side of the movable plug in sequence, and matching the movable plug with the end face of the workpiece to be processed and the end face of the supporting sleeve through the adjusting nut so as to finish armor of the workpiece to be processed.
Further, in step D1, when the lengths of the workpieces to be machined are equal, when the inner diameters of the workpieces to be machined are different, selecting support sleeves and damping rings with different sizes, and not replacing the mandrel, so that the inner diameters of the support sleeves and the damping rings are kept to be matched with the outer diameters of the mandrel, and adopting the outer diameter sizes which are different in thickness and matched with the inner diameters of the workpieces to be machined;
when the lengths of the to-be-machined parts are different, the inner diameters of the to-be-machined parts are the same, a mandrel matched with the corresponding lengths is adopted, and the number of the supporting sleeves and the damping rings is increased to be matched with armor of the to-be-machined parts;
and when the length and the inner diameter of the to-be-machined workpiece are different, selecting a mandrel with matched length, and a damping ring and a supporting sleeve with matched inner diameter.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, the processing sequence of traditional drilling, turning, grinding and milling is adjusted to drilling, turning, rough milling, finish milling, semi-finish milling and finish milling, so that the deformation is gradually eliminated from the process method, and bending deformation of the part after processing is avoided;
2. according to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device for clamping the thin-wall long sleeve part is designed and manufactured, the elastic mandrel is used from rough grinding, an inner hole and an end face are used as uniform positioning reference surfaces, accumulated errors caused by repeated clamping of a workpiece are avoided, a spring is used as a transitional jacking device between a movable plug and an adjusting nut, the tension force of the spring can timely compensate the gap and the elongation generated during machining, the damping ring is used for supporting the damping ring to effectively eliminate the problems of resonance, bending and poor roughness generated during grinding, the deformation of the thin-wall long sleeve part is effectively controlled, the surface roughness is reduced to be below Ra0.4, the coaxiality and the straightness of all excircles are controlled to be within 0.01mm, the machining time of the part is shortened, and the product quality is improved.
3. According to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, when the thin-wall long sleeve part with various specifications is processed, only the positioning mandrel and the movable plug corresponding to the thin-wall long sleeve part, the damping ring and the supporting sleeve are required to be replaced, the structure is simple, the manufacturing is easy, the cost is low, the thin-wall long sleeve part with various specifications can be processed, and the design requirement of the thin-wall long sleeve part is met;
4. the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part effectively improves the universality of related accessories in the design of the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, only needs to be matched with the mandrel, the supporting sleeve, the damping ring and other parts with related lengths in a targeted manner in practical application, can realize better universality in the design of the assembly inner diameter, and also provides great convenience in accessory management.
Drawings
The invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a thin-walled long sleeve component of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device of the invention.
The marks in the figure: 1-adjusting nut, 2-elastic element, 3-movable plug, 4-mandrel, 5-fixed plug, 6-damping ring and 7-supporting sleeve.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Example 1
A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component, as shown in figures 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, drilling, namely preparing blank to be processed, drilling a through hole according to the inner diameter requirement, and processing and forming the internal through hole;
s2, turning, namely assembling the drilled to-be-machined workpiece on a lathe, machining the outer surface of the drilled to-be-machined workpiece by using the lathe, finely turning the outer circle, reserving grinding allowance, and turning threads at the designated position of the to-be-machined workpiece;
s3, rough milling, namely after the whole appearance of the workpiece to be machined is turned and formed, assembling the workpiece to be machined in a milling machine, rough milling a kidney-shaped window in the middle of the workpiece to be machined according to the machining requirement, and reserving finish milling allowance;
s4, rough grinding, namely assembling the rough-milled workpiece to be machined on a grinding machine, clamping the workpiece to be machined by adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, performing rough grinding after clamping is completed, and reserving a fine grinding allowance;
s5, finish milling, namely assembling the roughly-milled workpiece to be processed on a milling machine, and processing a kidney-shaped window to the size requirement;
s6, standing, namely standing the finish-milled workpiece to be processed according to natural aging, and releasing stress;
s7, semi-finish grinding, namely, checking the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S6, and under the condition that the bending deformation meets the requirement, adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for semi-finish grinding, and reserving finish grinding allowance;
s8, fine grinding, namely, checking and finishing the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S7, and adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for fine grinding under the condition of meeting the requirements, and machining the excircle to the size requirement.
In the embodiment, the processing sequence of the traditional drilling, turning, grinding and milling is adjusted to drilling, turning, rough milling, finish milling, semi-finish milling and finish milling by adjusting the processing technology method, so that the deformation is gradually eliminated from the technology method, and the bending deformation of the part after processing is avoided.
As a further design, in the whole processing technology, the precision in turning, milling and grinding technology is considered, and a multi-procedure mode is adopted for circulation and progression, so that the precision and the product qualification rate are further improved. As a specific parameter design, in the step S2, the reserved grinding allowance of the finish turning outer circle is 0.16mm-0.36mm. In order to take the overall rigidity into consideration, in particular, it is necessary to process a kidney-shaped window, and in this design, a grinding allowance of 0.2mm or more is reserved.
In step S4, the reserved fine grinding allowance after rough grinding is 0.08-0.12mm. Considering that the rough grinding is further followed by a finish milling process, the reserved finish milling allowance is more than 0.1 for ensuring better rigidity. As a further alternative, in order to ensure the accuracy of the whole process, the finishing allowance reserved after semi-finishing is 0.03-0.05mm in step S7. More specifically, it is preferable that the refining allowance reserved after semi-refining is 0.04mm.
In addition, in consideration of certain assembly, in step S2, chamfer angles are processed at both ends of the inner sidewall of the workpiece to be machined after drilling, and the chamfer angles are preferably 60 °.
On the basis of the specific design, the process design is performed in consideration of the processing of the kidney-shaped window, and the processing of the kidney-shaped window is synchronous, and further, when the kidney-shaped window is in a state of relatively good rigidity, a rough milling process is performed to remove most of the side wall, specifically, in the step S3, the reserved finish milling allowance after rough milling is 0.16mm-0.36mm. Of course, in order to take into consideration the requirement of the subsequent rigidity, the reserved finish milling allowance after rough milling is preferably less than 0.2 mm.
In the above description of the specific reserved margin, the specific parameter value is mainly the outside diameter size of the reference part, and the margin to be removed of the wall thickness is half of the above value in terms of the actual wall thickness.
As a more specific design, in the above specific process, in step S6, the to-be-machined member is naturally left standing for a period of not less than 14 days.
Based on the specific process flow, the invention can effectively solve the qualification rate of finished products of related part processing and solve the problem that the traditional process can not consider at present.
On the basis of the specific structural design, the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device is further described in an emphasized mode, the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device comprises a mandrel 4 serving as a support, a fixed plug 5 is arranged at one end of the mandrel 4, a support sleeve 7 and a damping ring 6 are sequentially and crosswise arranged along the other end of the mandrel 4 by taking the fixed plug 5 as a positioning end face, a movable plug 3 is further arranged at the other end of the mandrel 4, an adjusting nut 1 is arranged on the outer side of the movable plug 3, and an elastic element 2 is further arranged between the adjusting nut 1 and the movable plug 3.
In the specific design described above, the elastic element 2 is a spring based on overall performance considerations.
In a further design, the support sleeve 7 is arranged at two end parts of the support sleeve 7 and the damping ring 6 after the assembly is completed, the support sleeve 7 at one end part is matched with the fixed plug 5, and the support sleeve 7 at the other end part is matched with the movable plug 3.
The supporting sleeve 7 mainly controls the interval between the damping rings 6, the length is customized according to the parts, but the supporting sleeve 7 and the damping rings 6 are smaller than the distance between plugs at two ends
In terms of design requirements, the clearance between the outer side face of the damping ring 6 and the inner side wall of the workpiece to be processed is 0.03-0.05mm. At the same time, the distance between adjacent damping rings 6 (length of the supporting sleeve 7) is 90-260mm. Preferably, 100-200mm is used.
In the design of the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, the problems of self-excitation vibration, poor surface roughness, bending deformation of parts and the like in the grinding process can be avoided. The inner hole and the end face are adopted as uniform positioning reference surfaces, so that accumulated errors caused by repeated clamping of workpieces are avoided, a spring is used as a transitional propping device between the movable plug 3 and the adjusting nut 1, the tension force of the spring can timely compensate the gap and the elongation generated during cutting, the central part of a part is supported by the mandrel 4 through the damping ring 6 and the supporting sleeve 7, resonance generated in the grinding process can be effectively eliminated, and the problems of part processing vibration, bending and poor roughness are solved from the aspect of clamping tools.
Further rough grinding starts to use the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, an inner hole and an end face are adopted as uniform positioning reference surfaces, a spring is used as a transitional jacking device between the movable plug 3 and the adjusting nut 1, the tensioning force of the spring can timely compensate the gap and the elongation generated during processing, the damping ring 6 supports the problems of resonance, bending and poor roughness generated in the grinding process, and the deformation of the thin-wall long sleeve part is effectively controlled. When the invention is used for processing various thin-wall long sleeve parts with different specifications, only the positioning mandrel 4 and the movable plug 3 corresponding to the thin-wall long sleeve parts, as well as the damping ring 6 and the supporting sleeve 7 are required to be replaced, so that the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture and low cost, can be suitable for processing various thin-wall long sleeve parts with different specifications, and meets the design requirements of the thin-wall long sleeve parts.
Synchronously, on the basis of the design of the structure, as a further description, when the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device is adopted to clamp a workpiece to be machined, the method further comprises the following steps:
d1, selecting a matched self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device according to the diameter of an inner hole of a to-be-machined piece;
d2, assembling the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, taking a fixed plug 5 on the mandrel 4 as a reference surface, firstly loading the supporting sleeve 7, secondly loading the damping ring 6, repeatedly loading the supporting sleeve 7 and the damping ring 6 according to the length requirement of the mandrel 4, and simultaneously enabling the last loaded part to be the supporting sleeve 7;
d3, sleeving the workpiece to be processed on the supporting sleeve 7 and the damping ring 6;
and D4, loading the movable plug 3 at the outer side of the last loaded supporting sleeve 7, sequentially loading the elastic element 2 and the adjusting nut 1 at the outer side of the movable plug 3, and matching the movable plug 3 with the end face of the workpiece to be processed and the end face of the supporting sleeve 7 through the adjusting nut 1, so that armor of the workpiece to be processed is completed.
As a more specific description, in step D1, when the length of the workpiece to be machined is equal, the inner diameters of the workpiece to be machined are different, the support sleeve 7 and the damping ring 6 with different sizes are selected, the mandrel 4 is not replaced, the inner diameters of the support sleeve 7 and the damping ring 6 are kept to be matched with the outer diameter of the mandrel 4, and the outer diameter sizes with different thicknesses and matched with the inner diameter of the workpiece to be machined are adopted;
when the lengths of the to-be-machined parts are different, the inner diameters of the to-be-machined parts are the same, a mandrel 4 matched with the corresponding lengths is adopted, and the number of the supporting sleeves 7 and the damping rings 6 is increased to be matched with armor of the to-be-machined parts;
when the length and the inner diameter of the to-be-machined parts are different, a mandrel 4 with the matched length, a damping ring 6 with the matched inner diameter and a supporting sleeve 7 are selected.
To sum up:
1. according to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, the processing sequence of traditional drilling, turning, grinding and milling is adjusted to drilling, turning, rough milling, finish milling, semi-finish milling and finish milling, so that the deformation is gradually eliminated from the process method, and bending deformation of the part after processing is avoided;
2. according to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device for clamping the thin-wall long sleeve part is designed and manufactured, the elastic mandrel is used from rough grinding, an inner hole and an end face are used as uniform positioning reference surfaces, accumulated errors caused by repeated clamping of a workpiece are avoided, a spring is used as a transitional jacking device between a movable plug and an adjusting nut, the tension force of the spring can timely compensate the gap and the elongation generated during machining, the damping ring is used for supporting the damping ring to effectively eliminate the problems of resonance, bending and poor roughness generated during grinding, the deformation of the thin-wall long sleeve part is effectively controlled, the surface roughness is reduced to be below Ra0.4, the coaxiality and the straightness of all excircles are controlled to be within 0.01mm, the machining time of the part is shortened, and the product quality is improved.
3. According to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part, when the thin-wall long sleeve part with various specifications is processed, only the positioning mandrel and the movable plug corresponding to the thin-wall long sleeve part, the damping ring and the supporting sleeve are required to be replaced, the structure is simple, the manufacturing is easy, the cost is low, the thin-wall long sleeve part with various specifications can be processed, and the design requirement of the thin-wall long sleeve part is met;
4. the manufacturing method of the thin-wall long sleeve part effectively improves the universality of related accessories in the design of the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, only needs to be matched with the mandrel, the supporting sleeve, the damping ring and other parts with related lengths in a targeted manner in practical application, can realize better universality in the design of the assembly inner diameter, and also provides great convenience in accessory management.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a thin-wall long sleeve part is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling, namely preparing blank to be processed, drilling a through hole according to the inner diameter requirement, and processing and forming the internal through hole;
s2, turning, namely assembling the drilled to-be-machined workpiece on a lathe, machining the outer surface of the drilled to-be-machined workpiece by using the lathe, finely turning the outer circle, reserving grinding allowance, and turning threads at the designated position of the to-be-machined workpiece;
s3, rough milling, namely after the whole appearance of the workpiece to be machined is turned and formed, assembling the workpiece to be machined in a milling machine, rough milling a kidney-shaped window in the middle of the workpiece to be machined according to the machining requirement, and reserving finish milling allowance;
s4, rough grinding, namely assembling the rough-milled workpiece to be machined on a grinding machine, clamping the workpiece to be machined by adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, performing rough grinding after clamping is completed, and reserving a fine grinding allowance;
s5, finish milling, namely assembling the roughly-milled workpiece to be processed on a milling machine, and processing a kidney-shaped window to the size requirement;
s6, standing, namely standing the finish-milled workpiece to be processed according to natural aging, and releasing stress;
s7, semi-finish grinding, namely, checking the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S6, and under the condition that the bending deformation meets the requirement, adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for semi-finish grinding, and reserving finish grinding allowance;
s8, fine grinding, namely, checking and finishing the bending deformation of the to-be-machined piece in the step S7, and adopting a self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device to assemble the to-be-machined piece on a grinding machine for fine grinding under the condition of meeting the requirements, and machining the excircle to the size requirement.
2. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the reserved grinding allowance of the finish turning excircle is 0.16mm-0.36mm.
3. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the reserved fine grinding allowance after coarse grinding is 0.08-0.12mm;
in step S7, the reserved fine grinding allowance after semi-fine grinding is 0.03-0.05mm.
4. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the reserved finish milling allowance after rough milling is 0.16mm-0.36mm.
5. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 1, wherein: in step S6, the natural standing time of the workpiece to be processed is not less than 14 days.
6. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device comprises a mandrel serving as a support, a fixed plug is arranged at one end of the mandrel, a support sleeve and a damping ring are sequentially and crosswise arranged along the other end of the mandrel by taking the fixed plug as a positioning end face, a movable plug is further arranged at the other end of the mandrel, an adjusting nut is arranged on the outer side of the movable plug, and an elastic element is further arranged between the adjusting nut and the movable plug.
7. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 6, wherein: the two end parts of the support sleeve and the damping ring after the assembly are completed are support sleeves, the support sleeve at one end part is matched with the fixed plug, and the support sleeve at the other end part is matched with the movable plug.
8. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 6, wherein: the clearance between the outer side surface of the damping ring and the inner side wall of the workpiece to be processed is 0.03-0.05mm.
9. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 6, wherein: when the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined, the method further comprises the following steps:
d1, selecting a matched self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device according to the diameter of an inner hole of a to-be-machined piece;
d2, assembling the self-adaptive elastic mandrel clamping device, taking a fixed plug on the mandrel as a reference surface, firstly loading the supporting sleeve, secondly loading the damping ring, and repeatedly loading the supporting sleeve and the damping ring according to the length requirement of the mandrel, wherein the last loaded part is the supporting sleeve;
d3, sleeving the workpiece to be processed on the supporting sleeve and the damping ring;
and D4, installing a movable plug at the outer side of the finally installed supporting sleeve, installing an elastic element and an adjusting nut at the outer side of the movable plug in sequence, and matching the movable plug with the end face of the workpiece to be processed and the end face of the supporting sleeve through the adjusting nut so as to finish armor of the workpiece to be processed.
10. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled long sleeve component according to claim 9, wherein: in the step D1, when the lengths of the to-be-machined parts are equal, selecting support sleeves and damping rings with different sizes, and not replacing the mandrel, so that the inner diameters of the support sleeves and the damping rings are kept to be matched with the outer diameter of the mandrel, and adopting the outer diameter sizes which are different in thickness and matched with the inner diameter of the to-be-machined parts;
when the lengths of the to-be-machined parts are different, the inner diameters of the to-be-machined parts are the same, a mandrel matched with the corresponding lengths is adopted, and the number of the supporting sleeves and the damping rings is increased to be matched with armor of the to-be-machined parts;
and when the length and the inner diameter of the to-be-machined workpiece are different, selecting a mandrel with matched length, and a damping ring and a supporting sleeve with matched inner diameter.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN118635818A (en) * | 2024-06-19 | 2024-09-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A method for processing a slender thin-walled sleeve, a thin-walled sleeve and an open sleeve |
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| CN116673706B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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