CN116658903B - Medical waste treatment device - Google Patents
Medical waste treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116658903B CN116658903B CN202310950797.0A CN202310950797A CN116658903B CN 116658903 B CN116658903 B CN 116658903B CN 202310950797 A CN202310950797 A CN 202310950797A CN 116658903 B CN116658903 B CN 116658903B
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- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medical waste treatment device, which comprises an incineration mechanism, a self-drying crushing mechanism and a steam sterilization mechanism, wherein the steam sterilization mechanism is communicated with a screw type steam generator, the screw type steam generator is communicated with the self-drying crushing mechanism, and the self-drying crushing mechanism is communicated with the steam sterilization mechanism; the incineration mechanism comprises a furnace body, a spiral steam generator is arranged in the furnace body, and an air distribution unit is arranged at the bottom of the furnace; the spiral steam generator comprises a spiral steam generation sheet with a steam generation cavity, a water inlet joint and a steam discharge joint are respectively constructed on the spiral steam generation sheet, and the water inlet joint and the steam discharge joint are communicated with the steam generation cavity. The invention can sterilize medical waste by steam, and dry and crush the sterilized medical waste, thereby realizing the purposes of full sterilization and high-efficiency incineration, effectively utilizing heat generated by combustion and reducing equipment energy consumption. The invention is suitable for the technical field of medical waste harmless treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment of medical waste, and particularly relates to a medical waste treatment device.
Background
At present, the treatment requirements on medical wastes are severe, and the main reasons are that the medical wastes are improperly treated, so that infectious diseases are easily caused, or surrounding soil, water sources and the like are polluted. In order to avoid the occurrence of the above situations, a fixed-point burying or burning method is generally adopted to eliminate hidden danger. In the incineration method, the incineration is mostly performed by adopting an incinerator, and the specific operation is that the medical wastes packed into bags are put into the incinerator one by one, and the medical wastes are burnt in the incinerator, so that the treatment purpose is realized. However, the medical waste put into the incinerator in bags often has insufficient combustion during the incineration process; moreover, when the garbage bag wrapping the medical waste is burnt, the medical waste in the garbage bag is heated unevenly, so that the pollutants carried by the medical waste volatilize, and the pollutants enter the atmosphere to form a pollution source or an infection source.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a medical waste treatment device which is used for carrying out steam sterilization on medical waste to be incinerated in advance, drying and crushing the sterilized medical waste, so that the purposes of fully sterilizing the medical waste and incinerating the medical waste efficiently are realized, the heat generated by combustion is effectively utilized, and the energy consumption in the sterilization and drying processes is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the medical waste treatment device comprises an incineration mechanism, a self-drying crushing mechanism and a steam sterilization mechanism which are sequentially and detachably connected from bottom to top, wherein an inlet of the steam sterilization mechanism is communicated with an outlet of an auger conveyor, a spiral steam generator is constructed in the incineration mechanism, a steam outlet of the spiral steam generator is communicated with a steam inlet of the self-drying crushing mechanism, and a steam outlet of the self-drying crushing mechanism is communicated with the steam sterilization mechanism; the incineration mechanism comprises a furnace body arranged on a base, the spiral steam generator is arranged in the furnace body, an air distribution unit is arranged at the bottom of the furnace, and a plurality of supporting blocks are arranged at the lower end face of the base; the spiral steam generator comprises a spiral steam generation sheet extending along a vertical spiral, a steam generation cavity extending along with the spiral steam generation sheet in a spiral mode is formed in the spiral steam generation sheet, a water inlet joint and a steam exhaust joint are respectively formed at the lower portion and the upper portion of the spiral steam generation sheet, and the water inlet joint and the steam exhaust joint are communicated with the steam generation cavity.
Further, the vertical distance from the spiral inner edge of the spiral steam generation piece to the inner wall of the furnace body increases upwards along the spiral direction of the spiral steam generation piece.
Further, the wind distribution unit comprises a conical wind distribution nozzle constructed at the center of the furnace bottom and a wind distribution ring constructed at the furnace bottom and close to the peripheral wall of the furnace bottom, the axes of the conical wind distribution nozzle and the wind distribution ring are overlapped, a plurality of swirl ports are formed in the conical wind distribution nozzle, and a plurality of inclined flow ports which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the conical wind distribution nozzle are formed in the wind distribution ring; an annular distributing pipe is arranged below the base and is communicated with the air distribution ring through a plurality of communicating pipes which are uniformly arranged, the annular distributing pipe is communicated with the conical air distribution nozzle through a connecting pipe, and the air inlet connector is constructed on the annular distributing pipe.
Further, the self-drying type crushing mechanism comprises a mounting cylinder and a crushing cylinder, the lower end of the mounting cylinder is connected with the upper end of the incineration mechanism through a transition cylinder, the two ends of the crushing cylinder extend out of the two ends of the mounting cylinder along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder, the axis of the crushing cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the mounting cylinder, the upper part of the crushing cylinder in the mounting cylinder is communicated with the outlet of the steam sterilization mechanism, and the lower part of the crushing cylinder in the mounting cylinder is fully provided with a discharge hole; the drying type crushing part which can be driven to rotate in the crushing cylinder is arranged in the crushing cylinder, one end of the drying type crushing part is communicated with a steam outlet of the spiral steam generator through a first steam pipe, and the other end of the drying type crushing part is communicated with the steam sterilizing mechanism through a second steam pipe.
Further, the drying type crushing part comprises two steam distribution discs which are respectively connected with two ends of the crushing unit, each steam distribution disc is rotatably assembled at the corresponding end part of the mounting cylinder, and the crushing unit is assembled in the crushing cylinder; a connecting shaft which coincides with the axis of each steam distribution plate is arranged at one end of each steam distribution plate far away from the crushing unit, and a driving wheel is arranged on one connecting shaft.
Further, the crushing unit comprises a plurality of crushing assemblies which are uniformly distributed between the two steam distribution plates; the crushing assembly comprises a shaft tube with two closed ends, the axis of the shaft tube is parallel to the axis of the crushing cylinder, a plurality of cutter wheels are arranged on the shaft tube at intervals, and the two ends of the shaft tube are respectively connected with the two steam distribution discs in a rotating way; the gear is assembled at one end of the shaft tube, each gear is meshed with the transmission gear ring, a plurality of transmission gears are respectively constructed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission gear ring, the transmission gear ring is respectively meshed with the gears positioned in the transmission gear ring and positioned outside the transmission gear ring through the transmission gears, the transmission gear ring is mounted on the side cover, and the side cover is mounted at one end of the mounting cylinder.
Further, the steam distribution plate comprises a plate body, wherein a connecting sleeve is constructed at one end of the plate body, and the connecting shaft is constructed at the other end of the plate body; a distribution cavity is formed in the disc body and located in the center of the disc body, the distribution cavity is communicated with a plurality of steam channels, the steam channels are uniformly formed in the disc body along the circumferential direction of the disc body, each steam channel extends outwards along the radial direction of the disc body, a plurality of assembly holes are formed in the disc body, each steam channel is connected with at least one assembly hole, a conduction chamber is formed in the assembly hole and located in the steam channel, and the caliber of the conduction chamber is larger than that of the assembly hole; the end of the shaft tube extends into the corresponding assembly hole, and a plurality of steam passing holes are formed in the position of the shaft tube, which is located in the conducting chamber.
Further, the steam sterilizing mechanism comprises a sterilizing kettle, the lower end of which is connected with the upper end of the self-drying type crushing mechanism, a guide cylinder with gradually expanding vertical upward caliber is constructed at the upper end of the sterilizing kettle, the sterilizing kettle and the guide cylinder are provided with steam cavities which are mutually communicated, steam outlet holes which are communicated with the steam cavities are distributed on the inner walls of the sterilizing kettle and the guide cylinder, an upper end cover is constructed at the upper end of the guide cylinder, and a feeding connector and a steam outlet connector are constructed on the upper end cover; a driving motor is arranged on the upper end cover, a driving rod is coaxially connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, one end of the driving rod extends to the lower part of the disinfection kettle along the axis of the guide cylinder, and a spiral conveying blade extending along the axial direction of the driving rod is constructed on the driving rod; a plurality of discharge ports are uniformly formed in the lower end cover of the disinfection kettle along the circumferential direction of the lower end cover, and a plurality of discharge blades are uniformly formed in the lower end of the driving rod along the circumferential direction of the driving rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the structure, and the technical progress is that: in the invention, at the initial stage of burning the medical waste, a part of medical waste is firstly put into an burning mechanism, the medical waste entering the burning mechanism is burned by the burning mechanism, the heat generated by burning heats a spiral steam generator, water in the spiral steam generator is heated into steam, and the steam sequentially enters a self-drying type crushing mechanism and a steam sterilizing mechanism; then, the auger conveyor gradually conveys the medical waste to be treated to a steam sterilizing mechanism, steam enters the steam sterilizing mechanism and fully sterilizes the medical waste, the sterilized medical waste gradually enters a self-drying type crushing mechanism, the self-drying type crushing mechanism crushes the medical waste and dries the medical waste, so that the dehydrated and crushed medical waste is uniformly distributed in an incineration mechanism, and the aim of full combustion is fulfilled; in the continuous combustion, the spiral steam generator continuously generates steam, and the steam is utilized to heat the self-drying type crushing mechanism, so that the aim of drying is fulfilled, and meanwhile, the steam disinfects medical waste, so that heat generated by the combustion is efficiently utilized; in summary, the invention can pre-sterilize the medical waste to be incinerated by steam, and dry and crush the sterilized medical waste, thereby realizing the purposes of fully sterilizing the medical waste and incinerating the medical waste efficiently, effectively utilizing the heat generated by combustion and reducing the energy consumption in the sterilization and drying processes.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an incineration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an axial structural cross-sectional view of an incineration mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an air distribution unit in the incineration mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a drying type crushing portion in the self-drying type crushing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a partial disassembly of a drying type crushing portion in a self-drying type crushing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which gears are in driving connection with a driving gear ring in a self-drying type pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a pulverizing assembly of the self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a steam distribution tray in a self-drying shredder mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the construction of a steam distribution tray in a self-drying shredder mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention after the steam distribution plate is detached;
FIG. 13 is an axial sectional view showing the connection of a steam distribution plate to a shaft tube in a self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a connection between a mounting cylinder and a pulverizing cylinder in a self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the axial structure of the connection of the mounting cylinder and the pulverizing cylinder in the self-drying pulverizing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a steam sterilization mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a steam sterilization mechanism according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a driving rod, a screw conveying blade and a plurality of discharging blades are connected in the steam sterilizing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Marking parts: 100-base, 101-supporting block, 200-burning mechanism, 201-furnace body, 202-furnace bottom, 203-conical air distribution nozzle, 204-rotary flow port, 205-air distribution ring, 206-inclined flow port, 207-air inlet, 208-annular distribution pipe, 209-connecting pipe, 210-control valve, 211-communicating pipe, 212-spiral steam generating plate, 213-steam generating cavity, 214-water inlet joint, 215-steam discharging joint, 216-first steam pipe, 300-self-drying type crushing mechanism, 301-installation cylinder, 302-crushing cylinder, 303-sealing plate, 304-discharge hole, 305-transition cylinder, 306-flue gas chamber, 307-assembly cavity, 308-crushing component, 3081-shaft pipe, 3082-cutter wheel, 3083-through steam holes, 309-steam distribution plate, 3091-plate body, 3092-through steam channels, 3093-assembly holes, 3094-distribution cavity, 3095-steam channels, 3096-conducting chambers, 3097-connecting sleeves, 3098-connecting holes, 310-connecting shafts, 311-driving wheels, 312-side covers, 313-driving gear rings, 314-gears, 400-steam sterilizing mechanisms, 401-sterilizing kettles, 402-guide cylinders, 403-second steam pipes, 404-lower end covers, 405-discharge ports, 406-driving rods, 407-spiral conveying blades, 408-discharge blades, 409-steam outlets, 500-upper end covers, 501-feeding connectors, 502-steam outlet connectors, 600-driving motors and 700-smoke pipes.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention discloses a medical waste treatment device, which is shown in fig. 1-18, and comprises an incineration mechanism 200, a self-drying type crushing mechanism 300 and a steam sterilization mechanism 400 which are detachably connected in sequence from bottom to top. Wherein, the inlet of the steam sterilizing mechanism 400 is communicated with the outlet of the auger conveyor, a spiral steam generator is constructed in the incineration mechanism 200, the steam outlet of the spiral steam generator is communicated with the steam inlet of the self-drying type pulverizing mechanism 300, the steam outlet of the self-drying type pulverizing mechanism 300 is communicated with the steam sterilizing mechanism 400, and steam can uniformly enter the steam sterilizing mechanism 400. The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: in the invention, at the initial stage of burning the medical waste, a part of medical waste is firstly put into the burning mechanism 200, the medical waste entering the burning mechanism 200 burns, the heat generated by burning heats the spiral steam generator, the water in the spiral steam generator is heated into steam, and the steam sequentially enters the self-drying type crushing mechanism 300 and the steam sterilizing mechanism 400; then, the auger conveyor gradually conveys the medical waste to be treated to the steam sterilizing mechanism 400, steam enters the steam sterilizing mechanism 400 and fully sterilizes the medical waste, the sterilized medical waste gradually enters the self-drying type crushing mechanism 300, the self-drying type crushing mechanism 300 crushes the medical waste and dries the medical waste, so that the dehydrated and crushed medical waste is uniformly distributed in the incineration mechanism 200, and the aim of full combustion is fulfilled; in the continuous combustion, the spiral steam generator continuously generates steam, and the self-drying type crushing mechanism 300 is heated by the steam to realize the purpose of drying, and meanwhile, the steam disinfects medical waste, so that the heat generated by the combustion is efficiently utilized; in summary, the invention can pre-sterilize the medical waste to be incinerated by steam, and dry and crush the sterilized medical waste, thereby realizing the purposes of fully sterilizing the medical waste and incinerating the medical waste efficiently, effectively utilizing the heat generated by combustion and reducing the energy consumption in the sterilization and drying processes.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the incineration mechanism 200 includes a furnace body 201, an air distribution unit, and the above-described spiral steam generator. Wherein, furnace body 201 is installed on base 100, and spiral steam generator installs in furnace body 201 to on the outer edge fixed furnace body 201's of spiral steam generator inner wall, spiral steam generator and the axis coincidence of furnace body 201, the wind distribution unit structure is in stove bottom 202 department, and the lower terminal surface of base 100 constructs a plurality of supporting shoe 101. The working principle and the advantages of the embodiment are as follows: the crushed medical waste enters the furnace body 201 and burns, the air distribution unit provides oxygen needed for combustion, combustion supporting is achieved, the air inlet quantity of the air distribution unit is controlled according to the combustion condition, the purpose of full combustion is achieved, the heat and smoke of combustion rise gradually, and under the dual actions of the spiral steam generator and the air distribution unit, the smoke rises in a swirling flow mode, so that the heat in the smoke fully heats water in the spiral steam generator, and meanwhile ash on the spiral steam generator is fully taken away by the swirling smoke, and the phenomenon that the ash is accumulated too much to influence the steam generation quantity of the spiral steam generator is avoided.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the spiral type steam generator includes a spiral steam generation fin 212 spirally extending in a vertical direction, and a steam generation cavity 213 is formed in the spiral steam generation fin 212, and the steam generation cavity 213 spirally extends with the spiral steam generation fin 212. Wherein the water inlet joint 214 is constructed at a lower portion of the spiral steam generating fin 212, the steam outlet joint 215 is constructed at an upper portion of the spiral steam generating fin 212, and both the water inlet joint 214 and the steam outlet joint 215 communicate with the steam generating chamber 213. The advantage of this embodiment is that: since the spiral steam generator of the present embodiment adopts the form of the spiral steam generating sheet 212, the spiral sheet structure of the spiral steam generating sheet 212 can make water therein quickly and efficiently absorb heat and form steam in an extremely short time, thereby ensuring continuous and quick supply of steam to the self-drying pulverizing mechanism 300 and the steam sterilizing mechanism 400. And the spiral steam generating sheet 212 can effectively block ash, combustion ash and the like, so that the flue gas is prevented from containing more solid impurities. In the process of rising the smoke cyclone carrying heat, impurities attached to the spiral steam generation sheet 212 can be fully carried along, the spiral smoke is fully contacted with the spiral steam generation sheet 212, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and then water in the spiral steam generation sheet 212 fully absorbs heat in the smoke, so that the smoke is continuously heated to become steam. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the crushed medical waste to sufficiently enter the furnace 201, the surface of the spiral steam generating fin 212 contacting the falling medical waste is inclined downward, so that the medical waste gradually slides down to the furnace bottom 202 after falling on the spiral steam generating fin 212. The vertical distance from the inner edge of the spiral steam generating plate 212 to the inner wall of the furnace body 201 increases upwards along the spiral direction, so that under the action of gravity, medical waste crushed into the furnace body 201 falls down to the corresponding position of the spiral steam generating plate 212 step by step from top to bottom and finally falls down to the furnace bottom 202 uniformly; due to the special arrangement of the vertical distance between the spiral steam generating piece 212 and the inner wall of the furnace body 201, on one hand, the falling speed of medical waste is slowed down, the medical waste is prevented from falling too fast, the combustion effect is influenced due to excessive kinetic energy, on the other hand, in the gradual falling process of the medical waste, the medical waste gradually dissipates energy and uniformly falls on the furnace bottom 202, the occurrence of the accumulation condition of the medical waste is avoided, and the combustion sufficiency of the medical waste is ensured.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-4, the air distribution unit includes a conical air distribution nozzle 203, an air distribution ring 205, and an air distribution piping. Wherein the conical tuyere 203 is formed at the center of the furnace bottom 202, the tuyere 205 is formed at the furnace bottom 202 and near the peripheral wall of the furnace bottom 202, and the axes of the conical tuyere 203, the tuyere 205 and the furnace body 201 are overlapped. In this embodiment, a plurality of swirl ports 204 are formed on the conical air distribution nozzle 203, and a plurality of diagonal ports 206 are formed on the air distribution ring 205, and these diagonal ports 206 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the air distribution ring 205. The air distribution pipe system of the present embodiment includes an annular distribution pipe 208, a plurality of communication pipes 211 and connection pipes 209, wherein the communication pipes 211 are uniformly disposed below the base 100, and the upper end of each communication pipe 211 is communicated with the corresponding position of the air distribution ring 205, and the lower end of the communication pipe 211 is communicated with the corresponding position of the annular distribution pipe 208. The annular distribution pipe 208 of the present embodiment is disposed below the base 100, and the annular distribution pipe 208 communicates with the tapered distribution nozzle 203 through a connection pipe 209, an air inlet joint 207 is configured on the annular distribution pipe 208, and control valves 210 are respectively installed on the connection pipe 209 and the air inlet joint 207. The working principle and the advantages of the embodiment are as follows: medical waste falls on the furnace bottom 202, and covers the conical air distribution nozzle 203 and the air distribution ring 205, air required by combustion enters the annular distribution pipe 208 through the air inlet connector 207, is distributed to the connecting pipe 209 and each communicating pipe 211 through the annular distribution pipe 208, then enters the conical air distribution nozzle 203 and the air distribution ring 205 respectively, and is swirled out through each swirled port 204 and each swirled port 206, two continuous swirled air can provide oxygen for the furnace bottom 202 without dead angle, combustion of the medical waste is promoted, the swirled air can buffer the medical waste falling after being crushed on one hand, and on the other hand, the swirling effect of the medical waste on the spiral steam generation sheet 212 is improved, and soot and the like on the spiral steam generation sheet 212 are effectively cleared. In addition, the control valve 210 on the air inlet connector 207 can be controlled to adjust the total air inlet, the upper control valve 210 of the connecting pipe 209 can be controlled to independently adjust the air inlet into the conical air distribution nozzle 203, and the two control valves 210 can be simultaneously adjusted; the purpose of the above-described different ways of adjusting the control valve 210 is to ensure sufficient combustion of medical waste in the furnace 201 and to avoid blowing out flames due to excessive wind force or to reduce combustion effects.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 to 15, the self-drying pulverizing mechanism 300 includes a mounting cylinder 301, a pulverizing cylinder 302, and a drying pulverizing section. The lower end of the installation cylinder 301 is provided with a transition cylinder 305, the radial length of the transition cylinder 305 is gradually expanded downwards along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the transition cylinder 305 is connected with the upper end of the furnace body 201 of the incineration mechanism 200. The two ends of the crushing cylinder 302 extend out of the two ends of the mounting cylinder 301 along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder 301, the axis of the crushing cylinder 302 is perpendicular to the axis of the mounting cylinder 301, the upper part of the crushing cylinder 302 positioned in the mounting cylinder 301 is communicated with the outlet of the steam sterilizing mechanism 400, and the lower part of the crushing cylinder 302 positioned in the mounting cylinder 301 is fully provided with the discharging holes 304. In the embodiment, an assembling cavity 307 is formed in the crushing cylinder 302, a drying type crushing part is arranged in the assembling cavity 307, the drying type crushing part can be driven to rotate in the crushing cylinder 302 and crush medical wastes, one end of the drying type crushing part is rotationally connected with a first steam pipe 216, and the drying type crushing part is communicated with a steam outlet of a spiral steam generator through the first steam pipe 216; the other end of the drying type crushing part is rotatably connected with a second steam pipe 403, and the drying type crushing part is communicated with the steam sterilizing mechanism 400 through the second steam pipe 403. The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the steam generated by the spiral steam generating sheet 212 enters the drying and pulverizing unit through the first steam pipe 216, heats the drying and pulverizing unit, and at the same time, the drying and pulverizing unit is driven to rotate, so that the medical waste entering the pulverizing cylinder 302 is pulverized while being dried, and after the medical waste is dehydrated and pulverized, the medical waste enters the furnace body 201 through the discharge hole 304 to be burned. In this embodiment, two opposite sides of the connection between the mounting cylinder 301 and the crushing cylinder 302 are respectively configured with a sealing plate 303, the sealing plates 303 partition the assembly cavity 307 from the hearth, so that a smoke chamber 306 is formed below each sealing plate 303, each smoke chamber 306 is communicated with a smoke tube 700, smoke enters the smoke chamber 306 and is discharged through the smoke tube 700, and the sealing plates 303 and the smoke gas are in heat exchange, so that heat can be transferred to the drying crushing part and medical waste, and the purpose of fully utilizing the heat is achieved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the dry crushing section includes a crushing unit and two steam distribution trays 309. Wherein two steam distribution discs 309 are connected to both ends of the pulverizing unit, respectively, and each steam distribution disc 309 is rotatably fitted at a corresponding end of the mounting cylinder 301, and the pulverizing unit is fitted inside the pulverizing cylinder 302. In this embodiment, a connecting shaft 310 is configured at one end of each steam distribution plate 309 far away from the crushing unit, the axis of the connecting shaft 310 coincides with the axis of the steam distribution plate 309, and a driving wheel 311 is mounted on one of the connecting shafts 310, and is a sprocket or a belt wheel, and is in driving connection with a driving wheel on an output shaft of a power motor through a chain or a belt, and the power motor drives the driving wheel 311 to rotate, so that the crushing unit rotates in the crushing cylinder 302, and the crushing operation of medical wastes is realized. The crushing unit of this embodiment is specifically configured, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, to include a plurality of crushing assemblies 308, and the crushing assemblies 308 are uniformly distributed between two steam distribution trays 309. Wherein the pulverizing assembly 308 includes a shaft tube 3081 and a plurality of cutter wheels 3082, both ends of the shaft tube 3081 are closed, and an axis of the shaft tube 3081 is parallel to an axis of the pulverizing cylinder 302. The cutter wheel 3082 of this embodiment is mounted on the shaft tube 3081 at intervals along the axis of the shaft tube 3081, and both ends of the shaft tube 3081 are rotatably connected with the two steam distribution plates 309, respectively. A gear 314 is fitted to one end of the shaft tube 3081, and each gear 314 is engaged with a driving gear ring 313, and a plurality of driving teeth are formed on the inner and outer walls of the driving gear ring 313, through which the driving gear ring 313 is engaged with the gears 314 located inside and outside the driving gear ring 313, respectively, the driving gear ring 313 is mounted on a side cover 312, and the side cover 312 is mounted to one end of the mounting cylinder 301. The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the steam distribution plate 309 is driven to drive each crushing assembly 308 to rotate along the axis of the connecting shaft 310, and simultaneously, each shaft tube 3081 drives the cutter wheel 3082 thereon to rotate under the transmission of the transmission gear ring 313 and the gear 314; the pulverizing units 308 are divided into two groups, the number of the first group being greater than the number of the second group, the first group being disposed uniformly outside the transmission ring gear 313 in the circumferential direction of the transmission ring gear 313, and the second group being disposed uniformly inside the transmission ring gear 313 in the circumferential direction of the transmission ring gear 313; alternatively, a pulverizing assembly 308 is provided at a position intermediate the two steam distribution trays 309, and both ends of the shaft tube 3081 of the pulverizing assembly 308 are rotatably coupled to the center positions of the two steam distribution trays 309, respectively. Thus, the rotation directions of the first crushing assembly 308 and the second crushing assembly 308 are opposite, and the middle crushing assembly 308 and the second crushing assembly 308 are opposite, so that the medical waste enters the crushing cylinder 302 after being sterilized, is gradually crushed in the revolution and rotation processes of the crushing assemblies 308, and is gradually heated and dried in the process of passing through the respective crushing assemblies 308, and the moisture obtained by drying rises and enters the steam sterilizing mechanism 400.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10 to 13, the steam distribution plate 309 includes a plate body 3091, the plate body 3091 is in a split structure, a plurality of connecting holes 3098 are correspondingly formed on two split structures of the plate body 3091, a plurality of connecting bolts pass through the corresponding two connecting holes 3098 and connect the two split structures together, a connecting sleeve 3097 is formed at one end of the plate body 3091, the connecting sleeve 3097 is connected with a shaft tube 3081 at the corresponding position, and the connecting shaft 310 is formed at the other end of the plate body 3091. In this embodiment, a distribution chamber 3094 is formed in the disc 3091 and located at the center thereof, and a through-air passage 3092 is formed in the connecting shaft 310, and the through-air passage 3092 communicates with the distribution chamber 3094. The distribution chamber 3094 communicates with a plurality of steam passages 3095, the steam passages 3095 being uniformly opened in the disk 3091 in the circumferential direction of the disk 3091, and each steam passage 3095 extending radially outwardly of the disk 3091. In this embodiment, a plurality of assembly holes 3093 are formed in the tray body 3091, each assembly hole 3093 penetrates through the other end of the tray body 3091 along the axial direction thereof from one end of the tray body 3091, each steam channel 3095 is connected with at least one assembly hole 3093, a conducting chamber 3096 is formed in the assembly hole 3093 and located at the steam channel 3095, and the caliber of the conducting chamber 3096 is larger than that of the assembly hole 3093. The end of the shaft tube 3081 of this embodiment extends into the corresponding assembly hole 3093, and a plurality of through-air holes 3083 are formed in the portion of the shaft tube 3081 located in the through-air chamber 3096. The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: steam enters the distribution cavity 3094 through the steam passing channel 3092 by the first steam pipe 216, is uniformly distributed to each steam channel 3095 through the distribution cavity 3094, then enters the conduction chamber 3096, enters the shaft pipe 3081 through the steam passing hole 3083 of the shaft pipe 3081, and achieves the purpose of heating the shaft pipe 3081 and the cutter wheel 3082 thereon, so that the shaft pipe 3081 heats and dries medical waste in the rotating process; finally, steam enters the second steam pipe 403 through another steam distribution tray 309 and is supplied to the steam sterilizing mechanism 400.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 16-18, the steam sterilizing mechanism 400 includes a sterilizing tank 401, a guide cylinder 402, a driving motor 600, and a driving lever 406. Wherein, the lower end of the disinfection kettle 401 is connected with the upper end of the installation cylinder 301 of the self-drying type crushing mechanism 300, the lower end of the guide cylinder 402 is constructed with the upper end of the disinfection kettle 401, and the caliber of the guide cylinder 402 gradually expands upwards along the vertical direction. The sterilizing kettle 401 and the material guiding cylinder 402 of the embodiment are provided with steam cavities which are communicated with each other, and steam outlet holes 409 which are communicated with the steam cavities are distributed on the inner walls of the sterilizing kettle 401 and the material guiding cylinder 402. An upper end cover 500 is configured at the upper end of the guide cylinder 402, a feed joint 501 and a steam outlet joint 502 are configured on the upper end cover 500, the flue pipe 700 is communicated with the steam outlet joint 502, the steam outlet joint 502 is connected with a cooler, the cooler is used for cooling flue gas, and the cooled flue gas is introduced into a treatment tank to eliminate harmful substances in the flue gas. The driving motor 600 of the embodiment is mounted on the upper end cover 500, the output shaft of the driving motor 600 is coaxially connected with the driving rod 406, one end of the driving rod 406 extends to the lower part of the sterilizing kettle 401 along the axis of the material guiding cylinder 402, and the driving rod 406 is provided with a spiral conveying blade 407 extending spirally along the axial direction thereof. In this embodiment, a plurality of discharge ports 405 are uniformly formed in the lower end cap 404 of the sterilization tank 401 along the circumferential direction thereof, and a plurality of discharge blades 408 are uniformly formed in the lower end of the driving rod 406 along the circumferential direction thereof. The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: medical waste from the auger conveyor enters the sterilizing kettle 401 through the feeding connector 501, steam enters the steam cavity through the second steam pipe 403, is fully distributed in the sterilizing kettle 401 and the guide cylinder 402 through the steam outlet 409, and is subjected to omnibearing sterilization, the sterilized steam is discharged through the steam outlet connector 502, and the medical waste enters the discharge port 405 through the conveying of the spiral conveying blades 407 and then falls into the crushing cylinder 302. Since the discharge vanes 408 close the discharge opening 405 at intervals, the medical waste slowly leaves the sterilization tank 401, thereby ensuring that it is sufficiently sterilized by the steam.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A medical waste treatment device, characterized in that: the device comprises an incineration mechanism, a self-drying crushing mechanism and a steam sterilization mechanism which are sequentially and detachably connected from bottom to top, wherein an inlet of the steam sterilization mechanism is communicated with an outlet of an auger conveyor, a spiral steam generator is constructed in the incineration mechanism, a steam outlet of the spiral steam generator is communicated with a steam inlet of the self-drying crushing mechanism, and a steam outlet of the self-drying crushing mechanism is communicated with the steam sterilization mechanism; the incineration mechanism comprises a furnace body arranged on a base, the spiral steam generator is arranged in the furnace body, an air distribution unit is arranged at the bottom of the furnace, and a plurality of supporting blocks are arranged at the lower end face of the base; the spiral steam generator comprises a spiral steam generation sheet extending along a vertical spiral, a steam generation cavity extending along with the spiral steam generation sheet in a spiral manner is formed in the spiral steam generation sheet, a water inlet joint and a steam discharge joint are respectively constructed at the lower part and the upper part of the spiral steam generation sheet, and the water inlet joint and the steam discharge joint are both communicated with the steam generation cavity; the vertical distance from the spiral inner edge of the spiral steam generating sheet to the inner wall of the furnace body increases upwards along the spiral direction of the spiral steam generating sheet; the self-drying type crushing mechanism comprises a mounting cylinder and a crushing cylinder, the lower end of the mounting cylinder is connected with the upper end of the incineration mechanism through a transition cylinder, the two ends of the crushing cylinder extend out of the two ends of the mounting cylinder along the radial direction of the mounting cylinder, the axis of the crushing cylinder is vertical to the axis of the mounting cylinder, the upper part of the crushing cylinder in the mounting cylinder is communicated with the outlet of the steam sterilization mechanism, and the lower part of the crushing cylinder in the mounting cylinder is fully provided with discharge holes; two opposite sides of the joint of the mounting cylinder and the crushing cylinder are respectively provided with a sealing plate, the sealing plates separate the assembly cavity from the hearth, so that a smoke chamber is formed below each sealing plate, each smoke chamber is communicated with a smoke pipe, and smoke enters the smoke chamber and is discharged through the smoke pipe; a drying type crushing part which can be driven to rotate in the crushing cylinder is arranged in the crushing cylinder, one end of the drying type crushing part is communicated with a steam outlet of the spiral steam generator through a first steam pipe, and the other end of the drying type crushing part is communicated with a steam sterilizing mechanism through a second steam pipe; the drying type crushing part comprises two steam distribution discs which are respectively connected with two ends of the crushing unit, each steam distribution disc is rotatably assembled at the corresponding end part of the mounting cylinder, and the crushing unit is assembled in the crushing cylinder; a connecting shaft which is coincident with the axis of each steam distribution disc is constructed at one end of each steam distribution disc far away from the crushing unit, and a driving wheel is arranged on one connecting shaft; the crushing unit comprises a plurality of crushing assemblies which are uniformly distributed between two steam distribution plates; the crushing assembly comprises a shaft tube with two closed ends, the axis of the shaft tube is parallel to the axis of the crushing cylinder, a plurality of cutter wheels are arranged on the shaft tube at intervals, and the two ends of the shaft tube are respectively connected with the two steam distribution discs in a rotating way; one end of the shaft tube is provided with gears, each gear is meshed with a transmission gear ring, a plurality of transmission gears are respectively constructed on the inner wall and the outer wall of the transmission gear ring, the transmission gear ring is meshed with gears positioned in the transmission gear ring and positioned outside the transmission gear ring respectively through the transmission gears, the transmission gear ring is arranged on a side cover, and the side cover is arranged at one end of the installation cylinder; the crushing assemblies are divided into two groups, the number of the first groups is greater than that of the second groups, the first groups are uniformly arranged outside the transmission gear ring along the circumferential direction of the transmission gear ring, and the second groups are uniformly arranged in the transmission gear ring along the circumferential direction of the transmission gear ring; alternatively, a crushing assembly is arranged at a position between the two steam distribution discs, and two ends of a shaft tube of the crushing assembly are respectively and rotatably connected at the central positions of the two steam distribution discs.
2. A medical waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the wind distribution unit comprises a conical wind distribution nozzle and a wind distribution ring, wherein the conical wind distribution nozzle is constructed at the center of the furnace bottom, the wind distribution ring is constructed at the furnace bottom and is close to the peripheral wall of the furnace bottom, the axes of the conical wind distribution nozzle and the wind distribution ring are overlapped, a plurality of swirl ports are formed in the conical wind distribution nozzle, and a plurality of inclined flow ports which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the conical wind distribution nozzle are formed in the wind distribution ring; an annular distributing pipe is arranged below the base and is communicated with the air distribution ring through a plurality of communicating pipes which are uniformly arranged, the annular distributing pipe is communicated with the conical air distribution nozzle through a connecting pipe, and the air inlet connector is constructed on the annular distributing pipe.
3. A medical waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the steam distribution plate comprises a plate body, a connecting sleeve is constructed at one end of the plate body, and the connecting shaft is constructed at the other end of the plate body; a distribution cavity is formed in the disc body and located in the center of the disc body, the distribution cavity is communicated with a plurality of steam channels, the steam channels are uniformly formed in the disc body along the circumferential direction of the disc body, each steam channel extends outwards along the radial direction of the disc body, a plurality of assembly holes are formed in the disc body, each steam channel is connected with at least one assembly hole, a conduction chamber is formed in the assembly hole and located in the steam channel, and the caliber of the conduction chamber is larger than that of the assembly hole; the end of the shaft tube extends into the corresponding assembly hole, and a plurality of steam passing holes are formed in the position of the shaft tube, which is located in the conducting chamber.
4. A medical waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the steam sterilizing mechanism comprises a sterilizing kettle, the lower end of which is connected with the upper end of the self-drying type crushing mechanism, a guide cylinder with a gradually expanding vertical upward caliber is constructed at the upper end of the sterilizing kettle, the sterilizing kettle and the guide cylinder are provided with steam cavities which are mutually communicated, steam outlet holes which are communicated with the steam cavities are distributed on the inner walls of the sterilizing kettle and the guide cylinder, an upper end cover is constructed at the upper end of the guide cylinder, and a feeding connector and a steam outlet connector are constructed on the upper end cover; a driving motor is arranged on the upper end cover, a driving rod is coaxially connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, one end of the driving rod extends to the lower part of the disinfection kettle along the axis of the guide cylinder, and a spiral conveying blade extending along the axial direction of the driving rod is constructed on the driving rod; a plurality of discharge ports are uniformly formed in the lower end cover of the disinfection kettle along the circumferential direction of the lower end cover, and a plurality of discharge blades are uniformly formed in the lower end of the driving rod along the circumferential direction of the driving rod.
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| WO2025081730A1 (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2025-04-24 | 美昕医疗器械（上海）有限公司 | Waste collection device, waste liquid collection and treatment system, and docking method for waste liquid collection and treatment system |
| CN119436149B (en) * | 2024-12-16 | 2025-12-19 | 山东省固体废物和危险化学品污染防治中心 | A treatment process for an environmentally friendly solid waste resource treatment device |
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| CN102940902A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-02-27 | 栖霞中泰环保设备有限公司 | Integrated sterilization treatment main unit for waste |
| CN209042394U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-06-28 | 温州凸凹曼科技有限公司 | Waste treatment apparatus is used in a kind of nursing |
| CN211399807U (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-09-01 | 刘贤贤 | Infectious disease postoperative waste treatment device |
| CN116200210A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-06-02 | 鄂尔多斯应用技术学院 | Direct catalytic liquefaction production system of coal |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102940902A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-02-27 | 栖霞中泰环保设备有限公司 | Integrated sterilization treatment main unit for waste |
| CN209042394U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-06-28 | 温州凸凹曼科技有限公司 | Waste treatment apparatus is used in a kind of nursing |
| CN211399807U (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-09-01 | 刘贤贤 | Infectious disease postoperative waste treatment device |
| CN116200210A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-06-02 | 鄂尔多斯应用技术学院 | Direct catalytic liquefaction production system of coal |
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