CN116637727A - Method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine fraction lithium-containing tail mud - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. The discarded fine-grained tailings after lithium ore beneficiation are used as raw materials, and the tailings are pretreated and then passed through a flotation column. Roughing, flotation column sweeping and flotation column selection finally obtain lepidolite concentrate; its economic and technical benefits are obvious, reducing environmental pollution in the process of resource development and utilization, and achieving sustainable development.

Description

Method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings

technical field

The invention relates to a method for recovering valuable metal materials from the tailings of a tantalum, niobium, and lithium dressing plant or called tailings, in particular to a method and a device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings.

Background technique:

At present, the existing beneficiation of lepidolite or tantalum-niobium-lithium ore raw ore is to flotation the raw ore to meet the required particle size after grinding and screening. For the current existing lepidolite ore The process is grinding → desliming → flotation. During the desliming process of the above-mentioned floating washing process, 10-20% of the original ore slime and fine mud produced by overgrinding will be produced, that is, the fine-grained grade contains Lithium tailings, its lepidolite grade is roughly 0.2-0.6%; because the above-mentioned flotation sorting process is not suitable for fine-grained recovery, or it is difficult to realize the lepidolite by using the existing above-mentioned flotation process methods and devices Concentrates should be rejected for recycling purposes. This is mainly because, on the one hand, it is difficult to recover the above-mentioned tailings or fine mud at the particle level in the tailings, and second, the existing recovery process methods and devices are not suitable for the recovery of lepidolite from the fine mud raw materials and the recovery cost is high. Therefore, it is generally discarded as waste material or partially applied to ceramic raw materials. Because usually this part of ore slime is directly discarded as waste materials and piled up on barren hills, this has buried a great ecological environment and safe production hidden dangers to the ecological environment and safe production. On the other hand, since the above-mentioned discarded materials also contain some lepidolite raw materials, they cannot be well utilized and waste ecological and mineral resources.

With the continuous development and popularization of new energy vehicles, new energy batteries used in new energy vehicles have developed rapidly, and as a raw material for new energy batteries, the price of lithium carbonate has also continued to skyrocket. Therefore, the demand for lepidolite for preparing and extracting lithium carbonate raw materials is also driven, and the demand continues to grow. The value of the reuse of fine-grained tailings is also increasing. Originally, because the lepidolite content is too low, the tailings treated as waste raw materials, which have no extraction value, have great extraction value. However, how to extract high content of refined lepidolite from the above tailings is another realistic issue.

Chinese Patent Application No. 202110839944.8 discloses "A Coarse Particle Fluidized Flotation Device and Method with Gradient Air Intake" The specific invention relates to a coarse particle fluidized flotation device and method with gradient air inlet, which belongs to mineral separation In the field of recycling technology, the problems of low recovery rate of coarse coal slime and poor sorting accuracy in the prior art are solved. The present invention includes a flotation column and a multi-stage air distribution unit, the multi-stage air distribution unit is arranged concentrically with the flotation column, and the gas flow decreases sequentially from the bottom of the flotation column. The present invention uses multi-stage gas distribution units to feed the ore pulp gradient in the flotation column, and realizes the construction of a flotation environment suitable for coarse-grained flotation with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content, and then realizes the high efficiency of coarse coal slime separate.

There is also the invention title disclosed in the application publication number application number 202211414844.1 "A method for separating and enriching tantalum, niobium and iron lepidolite from feldspar tailings"; specifically, a method for separating and enriching tantalum, niobium and iron lepidolite from feldspar tailings The mineral separation method of iron lepidolite includes the following steps: step 1: pre-dispersion; step 2: vibration classification; step 3: strong dispersion; step 4: magnetic roughing; step 5: magnetic concentration; step 6: strong dispersion ; Step 7: flotation roughing; Step 8: flotation fine selection; Step 9: first filter press; Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of: (1) using a high-speed shearing machine to disperse, greatly improving the dispersion effect, and facilitating the subsequent separation of various minerals; using a high-field-strength slurry magnetic separator to obtain effective removal The purpose of the ore slime is to facilitate the further flotation separation of tantalum-niobium minerals and iron-lithium mica, and improve the recovery rate; the use of flotation columns for the separation of tantalum-niobium ore and iron-lithium mica has large processing capacity, high recovery rate, and environmental protection. Neutral, conducive to environmental protection.

Another example is that the Chinese patent announcement number is CN 115780065 A, which discloses "A Flotation Method for Lepidolite with High Mud Content and Fine-grained Lepidolite", which specifically discloses a high-fine-grained lepidolite with mud content. The flotation method includes the following steps: S1, desliming, thickening; S2, slurry adjustment, roughing; S3, primary micro-bubble flotation column selection; S4, secondary micro-bubble flotation column selection. The flotation method of the present invention solves the problem of difficult recovery of lepidolite with high mud content and fine particles, and has the advantages of simple process flow, high Li2O grade and recovery rate of lepidolite concentrate, and the like.

From the technical solutions disclosed above, it can be seen that the existing technical solutions do not disclose the extraction of tailings, especially the extraction method and device for tailings with a smaller particle size range; and the above-mentioned extraction process and The process of the device and the flotation device are relatively complicated and the investment cost of the device is relatively high, and the extraction rate is not high at the same time. Especially for the 10-20% (compared to the original ore) primary ore sludge produced in the process of desliming in the original process of grinding → desliming → flotation in the existing process and the fine sludge produced by over-grinding, that is, tailings, if Direct discarding not only causes a certain impact on the environment, but also a waste of existing limited resources. However, it is difficult to recover lepidolite concentrate and lithium oxide concentrate products by using the same process method and beneficiation device.

Therefore, how to provide a method and device for extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings using lepidolite-containing fine-grained tailings as raw materials, using existing discarded fine-grained tailings as raw materials, On the basis of the existing device, through the improvement of the existing flotation device and process, the lepidolite concentrate product can be obtained by flotation of the raw material of the fine particle tailings, and the recovery and recycling of the existing waste tailings can be realized. Utilization, and then realized the redevelopment of the environment and resources, to achieve a better unity of environmental and economic benefits. At the same time, it will play an important role in promoting ecological and environmental protection, reducing a large amount of land occupied by waste sand and solid waste, promoting the overall technical level of my country's mining industry, and promoting the coordinated development of regional economy, society, and environment. It can greatly improve the comprehensive utilization level of similar deposit resources in my country, alleviate the tight supply and demand situation of lithium mineral resources, reduce environmental pollution in the process of resource development and utilization, and achieve sustainable development.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. The discarded fine-grained tailings after lithium ore beneficiation are used as raw materials, and the tailings are pretreated and then passed through a flotation column. Roughing, flotation column sweeping and flotation column selection finally obtain lepidolite concentrate; its economic and technical benefits are obvious, reducing environmental pollution in the process of resource development and utilization, and achieving sustainable development.

The invention discloses a device for separating and extracting lithium mica from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. After the raw material of lithium-containing tailings is pretreated, it enters a floating washing column device for rough selection and selection, and separates and extracts lithium The mica concentrate product is characterized in that the flotation column device includes a flotation washing column unit and a flotation intelligent control unit;

The flotation column unit includes a flotation column body, a water washing homogenizer part, an inflatable body uniform part, a feeding pipe, a stable feeding tank, a slurry inlet pipe, and a beneficiation discharge pipe; the water washing homogenizer part is located in the flotation The upper part of the column and the uniform part of the inflatable body are correspondingly located at the lower part of the flotation column, and one end of the feed pipe is connected to the corresponding position between the water washing homogenizer part and the uniform part of the inflatable body in the middle of the flotation column One end of the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the other end of the feed pipe corresponding to the flotation column, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the corresponding position of the stable feed tank, and one end of the beneficiation outlet pipe is connected to the flotation The corresponding position at the bottom of the column, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of another flotation column;

The water washing homogenizer part includes a support frame, a water washing spray homogenizer, a water washing outlet pipe, and an adjustable soft rope; the support frame is installed at the corresponding position on the upper part of the flotation column, and the water washing and spray homogenizer can be adjusted by adjusting the soft rope. Connected to the support frame, the water washing outlet pipe is arranged above the water washing and spraying homogenizer, and its water outlet corresponds to the side of the water washing and spraying homogenizer corresponding to the water outlet of the water washing outlet pipe. The chambers correspond to each other; the water washing and spraying uniform device includes a uniform watering plate body and a baffle plate; the baffle plate is arranged on the circumference of the watering uniform plate body, and a number of small watering holes are evenly arranged on the wall surface of the watering uniform plate body.

The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings is that the uniform part of the inflatable body includes a uniform gas storage chamber and an air gun, and the uniform gas storage chamber is arranged at the lower part of the flotation column On the outer wall of the circle, one end of the air gun is connected to the inner cavity of the flotation column, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the uniform air storage chamber; there are several air guns on the circumference of the flotation column, and any two adjacent air guns A 1. The distance between the air guns B is controlled to be 0.3-0.6 of the diameter of the inner cavity of the flotation column 1 .

The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings is that the uniform watering plate of the water washing and spraying uniform device is designed as an arc-shaped structure, and the surface of the uniform watering plate is controlled from the center of the uniform watering plate to The angle α is formed between the surface wall surface and the horizontal plane between the point and the periphery, and the angle α is controlled at 0.5-2.5 degrees.

The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings is to control the hole structure of the small watering holes on the surface of the uniform watering plate to be an irregular concave arc structure, and to control the watering The diameters of the water inlet and outlet of the small hole are different to ensure that the water sprayed from the water outlet pipe of the flotation column 1 when flotation the fine-grained lithium-containing tailings can be evenly sprayed on the inner cavity of the flotation column. The surface of the flotation liquid foam is properly selected to realize uniform cleaning of impurities in the flotation liquid foam from all directions.

The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings is that the flotation intelligent control unit includes a control cabinet, a float level gauge, a foam camera, a flotation column control panel, and a foam The image control panel part; the float level gauge is set in the inner cavity of the flotation column, and the foam camera is set in the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column, which is located under the sprinkler uniform plate of the water washing spray homogenizer and between the flotation foam during flotation. The corresponding position between; the flotation column control panel and the foam image control panel are correspondingly set on the control cabinet;

The control panel of the flotation column includes a flotation column user management module, a liquid level and air pressure operation status display module, and a user operation module;

The foam image control panel part includes a foam image analysis and management module, a foam state display module, and a foam state operation module.

Another object of the present invention is a method for flotation separation and extraction of lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings, using the above-mentioned device for separation and extraction, using primary ore slime and lithium-containing tailings produced by overgrinding as raw material;

Use the following method:

The lithium-containing tailings raw material is pretreated to form a lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed slurry, which is sent into the stable feed tank, and the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed slurry is sent to into the inner cavity of the flotation column of the flotation column for flotation treatment. During the flotation process, a flotation foam layer L1 and a flotation ore slurry located at the lower part are formed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column Liquid layer L2, the float type liquid level gauge is located above the liquid surface of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 at the contact part between the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2; The cleaning condition of the cleaning water sprayed by the device and the foam image taken by the foam camera of the flotation intelligent control unit, the foam image of the inner cavity of the flotation column intelligently controlled by the corresponding components of the flotation intelligent control unit based on the foam image, based on machine vision and digital The image processing technology system and the dynamic characteristics related to the liquid change of the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation slurry liquid layer L2 are used to control the air intake of the flotation column and the thickness of the flotation foam layer L1, so as to optimize the flotation index. Realize the use of lithium-containing tailings raw materials to improve the grade and recovery rate of separation and extraction of lepidolite concentrate.

The method, which controls the thickness ratio of the flotation foam layer L1 formed on the upper part of the flotation column inner cavity and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 located at the lower part; the thickness distance of the flotation foam layer L1 is effective for the flotation column. The height is 8%-22%; and the thickness of the flotation ore slurry layer L2 is 70%-80% of the effective height of the flotation column.

Said method, it is through the flotation intelligent control unit and the intelligent control system of the water washing homogenizer part, automatically adjusts and controls the air volume and air pressure in the uniform air storage chamber tube, and the air inflation volume and wind pressure charged into the inner cavity of the flotation column by the air filling gun The uniformity and the amount of sprayed water sprayed on the flotation foam by the washing and spraying homogenizer are used to control the liquid level thickness of the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 in the inner cavity of the flotation column.

During the pretreatment and/or flotation treatment, the added amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is controlled to be 400-480g/t, the added amount of collector is 580-750g/t, and the added amount of inhibitor water glass is 320-460g/t.

The invention discloses a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. Lithium tailings are used as raw materials. After continuous testing, it is determined that tailings or ultra-slender feldspar are the raw materials of the present invention. The process route for recovering lepidolite concentrate is as follows: use lithium-containing tailings as raw materials or fine mud after preliminary treatment, and then Pretreatment → flotation column roughing → flotation column sweeping and flotation column selection → lepidolite concentrate. For example, if -0.02mm fine mud is used as raw material, that is, in the lithium-containing fine mud in the above particle size range, lepidolite concentrate with a grade of 2.0-2.5% can be floated, and the recovery rate of lithium oxide can reach more than 50%, that is, The recovery rate of fine lepidolite concentrate has been greatly improved. The amount of lithium contained in the tailings after separation and extraction is less than 0.2%, so that the raw materials after flotation can also be used in the processing of ceramic raw materials in downstream ceramic enterprises, which is more conducive to the use of downstream ceramic enterprises. Raw materials containing more than 0.2% lithium , added in the process of ceramic tile preparation, the control of the addition of raw materials is relatively strict, if the control is not good, it will cause foaming. It has been proved by practice that the prepared tiles foam, which seriously affects the product quality of the tiles.

Second, a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings disclosed in the present invention, through the flotation intelligent control unit of the device disclosed in the present invention and the water washing homogenizer part of the device of the present invention The control of the shape and structure of the uniform sprinkling hole 10503 on the uniform sprinkling plate 10502, such as designing the uniform sprinkling hole 10503 with a large and small concave groove structure or a concave groove or arc groove structure with a large bottom and a small top, or they Interval design between each other, thereby can control the surface of the flotation foam of the flotation foam layer of the flotation foam layer of the flotation column body 10 inner cavity of the flotation column body 10 cavity that can be controlled by the water washing water that washes out water pipe 106 to flow out more evenly, like this The foam formed by the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixture formed after the pretreatment of the lithium-containing tailings that needs to be cleaned can be better washed. At the same time, the present invention has three water washing outlet pipes 106, and simultaneously controls the flow of the three water washing outlet pipes 106. The water outlet pipe mouth is located at the central circumference of the sprinkling uniform disk body 10502; in this way, the cleaning water flowing out of the water washing outlet pipe 106 can be evenly sprayed on the top of the water sprinkling uniform disk body 10502 wall surface; after the flotation foam is evenly cleaned, the flotation The grade of the lepidolite concentrate product produced is higher, and also can guarantee its flotation yield, and the grade of the lepidolite concentrate product that is selected reaches 2.0-2.5%, and the method of prior art then can only flotation The lithium oxide product of 1.4% content is the lepidolite concentrate product, thereby its grade is lower and cannot reach the requirement of more than 2% of the refined grade, that is to say that the extraction rate of its lepidolite product using the existing device is 60% of the present invention. %, the lepidolite grade of its recovery is only between 1-1.4%, and its economic value is only about half of the present invention.

The third is that the flotation device of the present invention has a good separation effect for ore pulp with more fine particle content, and can significantly improve the concentrate grade; the flotation column device of the present invention adopts a computer intelligent automatic control system during flotation, It has advanced automatic adjustment function of slurry level, air volume and air pressure, and has a high degree of automation; the flotation speed is fast, the process is simplified, and one operation is equivalent to the effect of several operations of the existing flotation machine; the enrichment ratio is large and the recovery grade is high , the processing capacity is large, and the recovery rate of the prior art is generally 25-30%, while the recovery rate of the same raw material using the method and device of the present invention can reach more than 50%, which is especially suitable for processing fine-grained minerals and is easy to self-control and large-scale ;

The method and device of the present invention are based on the flotation column with intelligent foam image control, and the intelligent foam image control unit is based on machine vision, digital image processing technology and embedded system, and controls the flotation air intake and foam layer thickness according to the relevant dynamic characteristics. So as to achieve the purpose of optimizing flotation extraction.

In addition, it should be noted that in the above-mentioned preparation process of the present invention, the parts that are not described in detail in the specification are all carried out by existing methods. For example, when the raw materials used are pretreated, if iron removal treatment is required, wet permanent magnet weak magnetic separation can be used. Pre-removal of iron and impurities, control the magnetic pole surface magnetic field strength H= 8000-24000A/m during pretreatment magnetic separation, can remove iron minerals more cleanly; inhibitors, collectors, etc. added during flotation can also be based on existing For example, the addition of collectors can be sodium oleate or dodecylamine or dodecyloxypropylamine, and the inhibitor is water glass or phytic acid for flotation, and the grade and yield of lepidolite concentrate are higher. That is to achieve effective economic and output efficiency.

The device method used in the present invention can greatly improve the recovery rate of lithium oxide concentrate, that is, the average recovery rate of lepidolite concentrate reaches about 50%, while the prior art is only 25-30%. Mud or other tantalum and niobium waste ore, after the early crushing and grinding treatment, its basic particle size is also small, generally do not think of continuing to process, from the perspective of production and economics, it will not continue to use the process of. The present invention proves through the practical use situation, through the method and device of the present invention, with primary ore slime and or the lithium-containing tailings that overgrinding produces as raw material; The device improves the recovery rate of lepidolite concentrate in the fine mud up to more than 80%, that is, the existing only 25-30%, while the method device of the present invention is up to more than 50%; and the investment cost can be saved by 1/3 One or more, so as to realize not only save investment, but also ensure the organic unity of lepidolite concentrate grade and recovery rate.

The process method of the present invention is simple, the mineral processing cost is low, and it also solves the problem that the existing waste ores such as tantalum and niobium concentrator tailings and tailings and waste tailings bring serious harm to the surrounding environment and the lives and properties of the surrounding people. Safety poses a threat to the problem, and the treatment rate reaches more than 85%, turning hundreds of millions of tons of tailings and solid waste from lithium concentrators into treasures in my country, which has great economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings of the present invention, a schematic structural view of two flotation columns connected in series and connected with the control cabinet 7;

Fig. 2, the schematic diagram of the connection structure of the corresponding parts in the flotation column of the device for separating and extracting lepidolite from the fine-grained lithium-containing tailings of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the uniform water sprinkling disc body 10502 of the device of the present invention; that is, a structural schematic diagram of a baffle plate 10505 arranged around the uniform water sprinkling disc body 10502;

Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view along B-B direction of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram along the A-A direction of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a planar frame of the control panel part 701 of the flotation column of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a planar frame of the foam image control panel part 702 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic view of another embodiment of the uniform water sprinkling disk body 10502 of the present invention; that is, the circumference of the uniform water sprinkling disk body 10502 is not provided with a baffle plate 10505, or the surface of the baffle plate 10505 and the circumference circle of the uniform water sprinkling disk body 10502 Schematic diagram of the structure where the walls are flush;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view along the C-C direction of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of two structures in which the water sprinkling holes 10503 on the water sprinkling uniform plate body 10502 form a concave arc.

Among the figure, 1, flotation column, 101, feed pipe, 102, concentrate overflow tank, 103, float level gauge, 104, support frame, 105, water washing and spraying uniform device, 10501, regulating soft rope, 10502, water sprinkling plate body evenly, 10503, water sprinkling holes, 10504, avoidance groove, avoidance groove when used for installation, 10505, baffle plate, 106, water washing outlet pipe, 107, foam camera, 108, uniform air storage cavity pipe, 109, air gun, air gun A, 109a, air gun B, 109b, 1010, tailings discharge pipe, 2, second flotation column, 3, stable feed tank, 4, slurry inlet pipe, 5, beneficiation outlet Material pipe, 6, concentrate discharge pipe, 7, control cabinet, 701, flotation column control panel, 70101, flotation column user management module, 70102, liquid level and air pressure operation status display module, 70103, user operation module , 702, foam image control panel department, 70201, foam image analysis management module, 70202, foam state display module, 70203, foam state operation module.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

The embodiment of the present invention is based on primary ore slime and lithium-containing tailings produced by overgrinding or lithium-containing mica tailings produced after ore dressing in a certain place in Yichun as raw materials; The lithium content is 0.40-0.6%. The particle size of primary ore slime and fine mud produced by overgrinding is -0.02mm or 800 mesh 0.019mm, accounting for 40-50%. The devices used in the parts not described in the following methods are prior art methods and devices. The usage amounts involved in the following instructions are percentages by mass or parts by mass.

As shown in Figure 1-11, the present invention discloses a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. After the raw materials of lepidolite-containing tailings are pretreated, they enter the floating washing column The device performs roughing and concentration, separates and extracts the lepidolite concentrate product, which is that the flotation column device includes a flotation washing column unit and a flotation intelligent control unit;

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the flotation column unit of the present invention includes a flotation column body 10, a water washing homogenizer part, an inflatable body uniform part, a feed pipe 101, a stable feed tank 3, a slurry feed pipe 4, Mineral dressing discharge pipe 5; the water washing homogenizer part is set on the upper part of the flotation column 10, the inflatable body uniform part is correspondingly set on the lower part of the flotation column 10, and one end of the feed pipe 101 is connected to the flotation column At the corresponding position between the water washing homogenizer part and the inflatable body uniform part in the middle part of the body 10, one end of the feeding pipe 4 is connected to the other end of the feeding pipe 101 corresponding to the flotation column 10, and the feeding pipe 4 The other end is connected to the corresponding position of the stable feed pool 3, and the beneficiation discharge pipe 5 is connected to the corresponding position of the bottom of the flotation column 10;

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the water washing homogenizer part includes a support frame 104, a water washing spray homogenizer 105, a water washing outlet pipe 106, and an adjustment soft rope 10501; , the water washing and spraying uniform device 105 is adjustable to be connected to the support frame 104 by adjusting the activity of the soft rope 10501, and the water washing outlet pipe 106 is arranged above the water washing and spraying uniform device 105, and its water outlet corresponds to the water washing and spraying uniform device 105 and the water washing outlet pipe 106 on the side corresponding to the water outlet, the water washing and spraying homogenizer 105 corresponds to the inner cavity of the flotation column 10; the water washing and spraying homogenizer 105 includes a watering uniform plate 10502 and a baffle 10505; the baffle 10502 is located on On the circle of the even watering plate body 10502, a number of small watering holes 10503 are uniformly arranged on the wall surface of the even watering plate body 10502.

As shown in Figures 2 and 6, preferably, the uniform part of the inflatable body includes a uniform gas storage chamber 108 and an air charging gun 109, and the uniform gas storage chamber 108 is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower circumference of the flotation column 10, One end of the air charging gun 109 is connected to the inner chamber of the flotation column 1 and is connected, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the uniform air storage chamber pipe 108; the 10 circumferences of the flotation column are provided with some air guns 109, preferably, the control The distance between any two adjacent air guns A, 109a and air guns B, 109b is 0.3-0.6 of the diameter of the inner cavity of the flotation column 1 .

As shown in Figures 3, 9, and 10, it is preferred that the uniform watering disc body 10502 of the water washing and spraying uniform device 105 according to an embodiment of the present invention is designed as an arcuate structure, and the surface of the uniform watering disc body 10502 is controlled from the surface of the uniform watering disc. The included angle α between the surface wall surface and the horizontal plane from the center point to the periphery of the body 10502 is controlled at 0.5-2.5 degrees.

As shown in Figure 11, further, it is preferable to control the hole structure of the small watering hole 10503 on the wall surface of the uniform watering plate body 10502 to be an irregular concave arc structure, and to control the water inlet and the water outlet of the watering small hole 10503 The diameters are different, that is to say, the hole-shaped structure of the sprinkler holes 10503 on the wall surface of the sprinkler uniform plate 10502 corresponds to the water washing outlet pipe 106. The inlet of the sprinkler uniform plate 10502 on the side is the water inlet, and the other side It is regarded as a water outlet, that is, the outlet diameter of the water inlet is inconsistent with the diameter of the water outlet, that is, the size of the water inlet is larger than the water outlet, or vice versa, the size of the water outlet is larger than the diameter of the water inlet. It is to control the diameter of the water inlet to be larger than the diameter of the water outlet; to ensure that the water sprayed from the washing outlet pipe 106 can be evenly sprayed in the flotation column 10 when the flotation column 1 carries out flotation of the fine-grained lithium-containing tailings The surface of the flotation liquid foam during chamber flotation.

As shown in Figures 1 and 8, preferably, in the device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings, the flotation intelligent control unit includes a control cabinet 7, a float level gauge 103, a foam Photograph camera 107, flotation column control panel part 701, foam image control panel part 702; Float liquid level gauge 103 is arranged on flotation column body 10 inner cavity, and foam photographing camera 107 is located at flotation column body 10 inner cavity tops It is located at the position corresponding to the flotation foam under the sprinkler uniform plate 10502 of the water washing spray homogenizer 105; the flotation column control panel part 701 and the foam image control panel part 702 are correspondingly arranged in the control cabinet 7 superior;

The flotation column control panel part 701 and the foam image control panel part 702 are arranged on the control cabinet 7, and the foam photographing camera 107 is arranged in the inner cavity of the flotation column body 10;

The flotation column control panel part 701 includes a flotation column user management module 70101, a liquid level and air pressure operation status display module 70102, and a user operation module 70103;

The foam image control panel part 702 includes a foam image analysis and management module 70201 , a foam state display module 70202 , and a foam operation module 70203 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for flotation separation and extraction of lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. and or the lithium-containing tailings produced by grinding are used as raw materials;

Use the following method:

The lithium-containing tailings raw material is pretreated to form a lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed solution, which is sent into the stable feed tank 3, and the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed solution is supplied from the slurry feeding pipe 4 and the feeding pipe 101 The inner cavity of the flotation column 10 of the flotation column 1 is sent to carry out flotation treatment. During the flotation treatment, a flotation foam layer L1 and a flotation foam layer located at the lower part are formed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column 10. The ore dressing slurry liquid layer L2, the float type liquid level gauge 103 is located above the liquid surface of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 of the contact portion between the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2; The cleaning condition of the cleaning water sprayed by the washing and spraying homogenizer 105 and the foam image taken by the foam camera 107 of the flotation intelligent control unit, the flotation column inner chamber intelligently controlled by the corresponding components of the flotation intelligent control unit based on the foam image 10 The intelligent foam image control unit is based on machine vision and digital image processing technology system, and the dynamic characteristics of the foam layer and the liquid change of the flotation slurry liquid layer L2 to control the air intake of the flotation column and the thickness of the flotation foam layer , so as to optimize the flotation index and improve the yield of separation and extraction of lepidolite concentrate.

The method of the present invention is to carry out flotation on the raw material of the lithium-containing mica tailings raw material that enters the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 after raw material pretreatment, that is, the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed slurry During processing, control the thickness ratio of the flotation foam layer L1 formed on the top of the flotation column 10 inner cavity and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 located at the bottom; the thickness distance of the flotation foam layer L1 is effective for the flotation column 10 8%-22% of the height; and the thickness of the flotation ore slurry layer L2 is 70%-80% of the effective height of the flotation column 10.

The method of the present invention is further preferably, through the intelligent control system of the flotation intelligent control unit and the water washing homogenizer part, automatically adjusts and controls the air volume and air pressure in the uniform air storage cavity tube 108 and the air gun 109 is charged into the flotation column 10 The air filling volume and wind pressure of the chamber and the uniformity and spraying water quantity sprayed on the flotation foam by the water washing and spraying uniform device 105 are used to control the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer in the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 Liquid level thickness of L2.

In the flotation separation and extraction process of the present invention, during the flotation treatment and or pretreatment, the added amount of sodium hexametaphosphate is controlled to be 400-480g/t, the added amount of collector is 580-750g/t, and water glass is added The amount is 320-460g/t; it is preferably added during pretreatment.

Example

The present invention will be described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings, as shown in Figure 1-11, a method and device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings of the present invention, the tailings raw material containing lithium mica is processed After the raw material is pretreated, it enters the floating washing column device for roughing and selection, and separates and extracts the lepidolite concentrate product, which is that the flotation column device includes a floating washing column unit and a flotation intelligent control unit;

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present embodiment adopts a series connection of two flotation column devices in which the flotation column 1 and the second flotation column 2 are connected in series to carry out flotation treatment to extract lepidolite concentrate; The series connection of flotation columns has the same meaning for the lithium-containing tailings or fine mud of lithium-containing mica as the raw material of the present invention. For flotation, the raw material fine mud used is -0.02mm, and the 800 mesh 0.019mm accounts for 40 -50%, the lepidolite grade is roughly between 0.4-0.6%; that is, the lithium oxide content in the tailings is between 0.4-0.6% above, after the above-mentioned raw materials are pretreated, this embodiment is during pretreatment The amount of sodium hexametaphosphate added is 400-480g/t, the amount of collector added is 580-750g/t, and the amount of water glass added is 320-460g/t; the formation of lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed liquid, that is, the formation of Lithium tailings pretreatment slurry, (the same below), is sent into the stable feed tank 3, and the lithium tailings pretreatment mixed solution is sent to the flotation column 1 of the flotation column 1 through the slurry feeding pipe 4 and the feeding pipe 101. The inner cavity of the column body 10 is selected for flotation treatment.

As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, when flotation treatment is performed on lithium-containing mica tailings, a flotation foam layer L1 and a flotation ore slurry layer at the bottom are formed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 L2, the float type liquid level gauge 103 is located above the liquid surface of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 in the contact portion between the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2; 105, the sprinkler hole 10503 on the wall surface of the evenly sprinkled plate 10502 uniformly sprays and cleans the flotation foam layer L1 formed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column 10, and the upper part of the flotation column 10 is provided with a support frame 104 The water washing and spraying uniform device 105 is connected to the support frame 104 by adjusting the soft rope 10501, and the three water washing outlet pipes 106 are arranged on the support frame 104, and the direction of the water outlet corresponds to the wall of the water spraying uniform plate 10502 of the water washing and spraying uniform device 105. On the surface, in this embodiment, three washing water outlet pipes 106 are arranged, and the water outlets are evenly arranged along the center line of the sprinkler uniform plate 10502, that is, the finished word is arranged along the center line, so that the water flowing out of the outlet is more uniform, and its outlet is controlled. The water flowing out of the water pipe mouth can evenly overflow on the wall surface of the evenly sprinkled disc body 10502, so that it can be sprayed on the surface of the flotation foam from the sprinkler holes 10503 provided on the evenly sprinkled disc body 10502.

As shown in Fig. 2, the foam photographing camera 107 is located at the upper part of the inner cavity of the selection column body 10 and is positioned at the bottom of the sprinkler uniform plate 10502 and above the flotation foam layer L1, that is, the foam photographing camera 107 can effectively detect the flotation foam in all directions. It can take pictures completely and clearly and transmit the formed images to the flotation column control panel 701 and the foam image control panel 702, controlled by computer and intelligent control system, and one end of the float type liquid level gauge 103 is connected to the support At the corresponding position of the rack 104, the floater liquid level gauge 103 can keep the liquid in the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 at the contact portion between the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 at any time. Above the surface, that is, it can move up and down with the change of the liquid level of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2. As shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, the present invention is used to clean the impurities in the flotation foam layer by designing the structure of the uniform water sprinkling plate 10502 and the shape and structure of the small water sprinkling holes 10503 arranged on the water sprinkling uniform plate 10502. The cleaning water can be cleaned evenly; the wall surface of the uniform water sprinkling disc body 10502 in this embodiment is designed as an arc surface structure, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, that is, the surface is designed as an arc surface structure, that is, from the center of the water sprinkling uniform disc body 10502 The surface from the axis or center point to the peripheral surface is designed to be an inclined surface, and at the same time, the surface wall surface of the uniform watering plate 10502 is controlled to form a certain angle between the surface wall surface and the horizontal plane from the center point of the watering uniform plate 10502 to the periphery. C, and control the included angle α at 0.5-2.5 degrees, so that the cleaning water sprayed from the water outlet of the washing water outlet pipe 106 can flow from the water outlet to the periphery more evenly, and flow out from the sprinkler small hole 10503 to be evenly sprayed on the On the flotation foam, realize the uniform and effective cleaning of other impurity components on the flotation foam; preferably, the angle α is controlled to be 0.5 degrees, which is the so-called slight inclination. More preferably, the structure of the control sprinkling hole 10503 is a concave arc structure, that is, the diameters of the water inlet and the water outlet of the control sprinkling hole 10503 are different. The small orifice on the corresponding side of the 106 outlet, and its water outlet is corresponding to the side corresponding to the flotation foam layer; by controlling the water inlet and the water outlet of the sprinkler small hole 10503, that is, the size of the inlet and outlet, by The cleaning water flowing out of the water washing outlet pipe 106 can be more evenly sprayed on the surface of the flotation foam from the small watering holes 10503 provided on the surface of the uniform watering plate 10502. It is shown through practical use and inspection that the small holes of the above-mentioned structure are adopted. , the sprayed water washes other impurities in the flotation froth, and the washing is more thorough, and the washed impurities enter the flotation slurry liquid layer L2 and are taken out and removed, while the lepidolite concentrate is maximally The maximum is retained in the flotation foam layer L1, which is taken out by the flotation foam, thereby greatly improving the grade and yield of recovered lepidolite concentrate to more than 2.59%.

As shown in Figures 2 and 8, the flotation device disclosed in the present invention, in order to make the gas in the inner cavity of the flotation column 1 filled in more uniformly carry out aerated flotation to the flotation solution for the contained lithium tailings pretreatment mixed solution Evenly generate bubbles, that is to say, control the inner cavity of the flotation column 1 to generate bubbles for the flotation solution and some do not generate bubbles, that is, the generation of bubbles is uneven. The present invention is based on the outer wall surface of the lower circumference of the flotation column 10. An inflatable body uniform part is provided on the top, and the inflatable body uniform part includes a uniform gas storage cavity pipe 108 and an air charging gun 109. One end is connected to the inner cavity of the flotation column 1, and the other end is connected to the inner cavity of the uniform air storage chamber 108; the flotation column body 10 circles are provided with several air guns 109, and any adjacent two air guns A 109a, air guns The distance between B109b is controlled to be 0.3-0.6 times the diameter of the inner cavity of the flotation column 1. And preferably the thickness of the flotation foam layer L1 is 10-20% of the height of the flotation column body 10 when controlling flotation, that is, if the height of the flotation column body 10 is at 8-8.5 meters and the control of the flotation foam layer L1 The thickness is 0.8-1.6 meters, the internal diameter is 1 meter, and the remaining effective thickness is the thickness of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2; and the distance between any adjacent two air guns A 109a and air guns B109b is controlled at 0.3-0.6 meters, so that it can ensure that all the air guns are filled into the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 more uniformly, and the lithium tailings pretreatment mixed slurry solution contained in it can fully roll over and generate flotation foam , improve the grade and yield of lepidolite concentrate extracted from tailings.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8, the flotation intelligent control unit of the present invention includes a control cabinet 7, a float level gauge 103, a foam camera 107, a flotation column control panel 701, and a foam image Control panel part 702; control cabinet 7 includes flotation column control panel part 701, foam image control panel part 702; float level gauge 103 is located in the inner cavity of flotation column body 10, foam camera 107 is located in flotation column body 10 The upper part of the inner cavity is located at the position corresponding to the flotation foam during flotation under the uniform sprinkler plate 10502 of the water washing spray homogenizer 105; the flotation column control panel part 701 and the foam image control panel part 702 are all corresponding Set on the control cabinet 7;

The flotation column control panel part 701 and the foam image control panel part 702 are arranged on the control cabinet 7, and the foam photographing camera 107 is arranged in the inner cavity of the flotation column body 10;

The flotation column control panel part 701 includes a flotation column user management module 70101, a liquid level and air pressure operation status display module 70102, and a user operation module 70103;

The foam image control panel part 702 includes a foam image analysis and management module 70201 , a foam state display module 70202 , and a foam state operation module 70203 . They are connected to each other and through electrical signals. The cleaning condition of the sprayed cleaning water and the foam image taken by the foam camera 107 of the flotation intelligent control unit, the corresponding components of the flotation intelligent control unit are then based on the flotation column inner chamber 10 intelligently controlled by the foam image, and the intelligent foam image control unit And based on the machine vision and digital image processing technology system, and the dynamic characteristics related to the liquid change of the foam layer and the flotation slurry liquid layer L2, to control the air intake of the flotation column and the thickness of the flotation foam layer, so as to achieve optimal flotation Indicators to improve the grade and yield of lepidolite concentrate in separation and extraction.

The specific method working process is as follows: as shown in Figure 1 and 2, the raw material lithium-containing tailings whose specification is -0.02mm, 800 mesh 0.019mm accounts for 40-50% of the tailings or called fine mud, after pretreatment, The lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed solution is formed and sent to the stable feed tank 3, and the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed solution is sent to the flotation column of the flotation column 1 through the slurry feeding pipe 4 and the feeding pipe 101 10, the blower device and other power supply devices are started to work, and the wind generated by the blower device enters into the uniform air storage cavity pipe 108 to form equal pressure blast air, thereby ensuring that the air blower is connected to the uniform air storage cavity A number of air guns 109 on the pipe 108 uniformly supply air to the inner cavity of the flotation column 10, that is, to ensure that the air is supplied to the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 from the uniform pressure in the uniform air storage cavity tube 108, The upper part of the lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed solution in the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 forms a flotation foam layer L1 and a flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 located at its lower part. During the flotation process, preferably in In the pretreatment process, add in the stirring process after ball milling, control the added inhibitors, collectors, etc., control the addition of sodium hexametaphosphate to 400-480g/t, and the addition of collectors to 580-750g/t, The addition of water glass is 320-460g/t; the float level gauge 103 is positioned on the liquid surface of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 at the junction of the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2, and Move up and down with the rise or fall of the thickness of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2; the amount of air charged into the inner cavity of the flotation column 10 by controlling the air gun 109 and the cleaning water discharged from the water outlet pipe 106 are discharged from the The uniformity of the cleaning water discharged from the sprinkler holes 10503 on the sprinkler uniform plate 10502 of the water washing spray uniformizer 105, etc., together control the thickness of the flotation foam layer L1, and generally control the thickness of the flotation foam layer L1. Select the long 10-20% of the effective height of the column body 10, if the effective height of the flotation column body 10 is at 8-8.5 meters, the thickness of the control flotation foam layer L1 is about 0.8-1.6 meters, so to the flotation foam The cleaning effect of the impurities in the layer is better, and the above-mentioned operations can be automatically regulated and controlled by the intelligent control unit of the flotation intelligent control unit and the intelligent control system of the water washing homogenizer part, and the photos taken by the foam camera 107 The image of the flotation foam is sent to the intelligent foam image control unit based on machine vision and digital image processing technology system. Layer thickness, etc., so as to achieve the best flotation effect. After the above-mentioned flotation operation, the flotation foam layer L1 flows into the inner cavity of the second flotation column 2 through the concentrate overflow tank 102 and the beneficiation discharge pipe 5, Further repeat the same operation of the above-mentioned flotation column 1, and finally obtain the lepidolite concentrate product. After testing, its product grade is 2.1-2.5% lithium oxide. The recovery rate of lithium oxide was 50.4%. Lepidolite concentrate or lithium oxide concentrate. The content of lepidolite, that is, lithium oxide, in the tailings after the above selection is less than 0.2%, and can be used as raw materials for downstream ceramic enterprises. And it will not foam. After actual use, the tiles will foam because the lithium content in the raw material exceeds 0.2%.

Example

The following examples are also based on the same meaning as the raw material lithium-containing tailings or lithium-containing mica tailings or fine mud, and carry out flotation instructions. The raw material fine mud used is -0.02mm, 800 mesh 0.019mm accounts for 40-50%, lithium The mica grade is roughly between 0.4-0.6%; that is, the lithium oxide content in the tailings is between 0.4-0.6% above, and its specific preparation process and parameter control are the same as the above-mentioned operation method of the present invention, but the floating The lower part of the column selection device, that is, the uniform part of the inflatable body, is according to the existing technical device structure, especially when washing the foam of the flotation foam layer L1 on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column 1, directly use a water pipe to wash it with water. , that is, the existing technical scheme is carried out, rather than the device structure that adopts the water washing spray homogenizer 105 of the present invention to perform water washing treatment. Others are the same as the addition amount of the device, process method and medicament. At the same time, the control system is also implemented according to the existing technical scheme. The grade of lepidolite concentrate extracted through detection and separation is 1.0-1.4%, and the recovery rate of lithium oxide is only 26.9%.

The following table shows the detection results of lepidolite concentrate obtained by extracting and separating the lithium-containing tailings of the same raw material by the method and device of the present invention and the method and device of the prior art.

Testing Unit: A Testing Co., Ltd. in Yichun,

Mineral Products Testing Center inspection report,

Detecting and sending unit, the inventor company,

Testing standard: YS/T509.1-2008,

Sample weight: 100mg, routine testing,

Detection device, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, analytical balance, flame photometer, etc.,

Test results

Table 1

Explanation: the method and device of the present invention and the prior art, that is, the comparative product, use the same raw materials, that is, the content of lepidolite or lithium oxide detected in the raw ore is 0.4, that is, the raw material, and after the first flotation After the election, the lepidolite concentrate product is obtained from the coarse ore and the second flotation column, and the yield of the two is quite different from the concentrate product produced by flotation. The present invention is nearly double the high-quality product rate and recovery rate of the prior art, and its grade reaches the requirements of high-quality products up to 2.5%. However, the grade of the lepidolite concentrate extracted by the existing technology is only 1.4%; it does not meet the requirements of the concentrate grade, and the value of a grade of only 1.4% is only about half of 2.5% or more of the fine grade ore; therefore, this The invention has great economic and social benefits.

Claims (9)

1. A device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. After the raw material of lithium-containing tailings is pretreated, it enters the floating washing column device for rough selection and selection, and separates and extracts lepidolite concentrate. Mineral products, characterized in that the flotation column device includes a flotation washing column unit and a flotation intelligent control unit; The flotation column unit includes a flotation column body (10), a water washing homogenizer part, an inflatable body uniform part, a feed pipe (101), a stable feed tank (3), a slurry feed pipe (4), a beneficiation outlet Feed pipe (5); the water washing homogenizer part is set on the upper part of the flotation column (10), the inflatable body uniform part is correspondingly set on the lower part of the flotation column (10), and the feed pipe (101) One end is connected to the corresponding position between the middle part of the flotation column (10) between the water washing homogenizer part and the inflatable body uniform part, and one end of the slurry feeding pipe (4) is connected to the feed pipe (101) and the flotation column (10) On the corresponding other end, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe (4) is connected to the corresponding position of the stable feed tank (3), and one end of the beneficiation discharge pipe (5) is connected to the flotation column (10) The corresponding position at the bottom of the flotation column, and the other end is connected to the corresponding position of another flotation column; The water washing homogenizer part includes a support frame (104), a water washing spray homogenizer (105), a water washing outlet pipe (106), and an adjusting soft rope (10501); the support frame (104) is arranged on the flotation column (10 ) at the upper corresponding position, the water washing and spraying homogenizer (105) can be adjusted and connected to the support frame (104) by adjusting the flexible rope (10501), and the water washing outlet pipe (106) is set above the water washing and spraying homogenizer (105) Its water outlet corresponds to the side of the water washing and spraying homogenizer (105) corresponding to the water outlet of the water washing outlet pipe (106), and the water washing and spraying homogenizer (105) corresponds to the inner cavity of the flotation column (10) ;Washing and spraying uniform device (105) includes uniform watering plate body (10502) and baffle plate (10505); A number of small sprinkler holes (10503) are uniformly arranged on the top. 2. The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the uniform part of the inflatable body includes a uniform gas storage cavity (108) and an air gun (109), The uniform air storage chamber (108) is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower part of the flotation column (10). ) are connected to each other; the circumference of the flotation column (10) is provided with several air guns (109), and the distance between any two adjacent air guns A (109a) and air guns B (109b) is controlled as flotation 0.3-0.6 of the lumen diameter of the column (1). 3. The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-sprinkling uniform plate (10502) of the water-washing and spraying uniform device (105) is designed as an arc-shaped structure , control the surface of the evenly sprinkled plate (10502) to form an included angle α between the surface wall surface and the horizontal plane from the center point of the evenly sprinkled plate (10502) to the periphery, and control the included angle α to be 0.5-2.5 degrees. 4. The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes of the small watering holes (10503) arranged on the wall surface of the uniform watering plate (10502) are controlled The shape structure is an irregular concave arc structure, and the diameters of the water inlet and outlet of the sprinkling holes (10503) are controlled to ensure that the flotation column (1) performs flotation of fine-grained lithium-containing tailings. The water sprayed from the water washing outlet pipe (106) can be evenly sprayed on the surface of the flotation liquid foam during flotation in the inner cavity of the flotation column (10), so as to realize uniform cleaning of impurities in the flotation liquid foam from all directions. 5. The device for separating and extracting lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that the flotation intelligent control unit includes a control cabinet (7), a float level gauge (103) , foam camera (107), flotation column control panel (701), foam image control panel (702); the float level gauge (103) is located in the inner cavity of the flotation column (10), and the foam camera (107) Located on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column body (10), it is located below the sprinkler uniform plate (10502) of the water washing spray homogenizer (105) and corresponds to the flotation foam during flotation; flotation The column control panel part (701) and the foam image control panel part (702) are correspondingly arranged on the control cabinet (7); The flotation column control panel (701) includes a flotation column user management module (70101), a liquid level and air pressure operation status display module (70102) and a user operation module (70103); The foam image control panel (702) includes a foam image analysis management module (70201), a foam state display module (70202), and a foam state operation module (70203). 6. A method for flotation separation and extraction of lepidolite from fine-grained lithium-containing tailings, using a device as claimed in claim 1 for separation and extraction, using primary ore slime and lithium-containing tailings produced by grinding as raw materials ; Use the following method: The lithium-containing tailings raw material is pretreated to form a lithium-containing tailings pretreatment mixed slurry, which is sent into the stable feed tank (3). ) and the feed pipe (101) are sent to the inner chamber of the flotation column (10) of the flotation column (1) for flotation treatment. The upper part of the inner cavity forms the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation slurry liquid layer L2 in the lower part. Above the liquid surface of the flotation ore slurry liquid layer L2 in the contact part; the cleaning condition of the cleaning water sprayed by the water washing spray homogenizer (105) and the foam image taken by the foam camera 107 of the flotation intelligent control unit are determined by the flotation The corresponding parts of the intelligent control unit are based on the intelligent control of the foam image of the inner cavity of the flotation column (10), based on the machine vision and digital image processing technology system, and the liquid in the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry layer L2 Change the relevant dynamic characteristics to control the air intake of the flotation column and the thickness of the flotation foam layer L1, so as to optimize the flotation index, and realize the separation and extraction of lepidolite concentrate grade and recovery rate by using lithium-containing tailings raw materials. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness ratio of the flotation foam layer L1 formed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the flotation column (10) and the flotation ore slurry layer L2 located at the lower part is controlled; The thickness of the foam layer L1 is 8%-22% of the effective height of the flotation column (10); and the thickness of the flotation ore slurry layer L2 is 70%-22% of the effective height of the flotation column (10). 80%. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that Through the flotation intelligent control unit and the intelligent control system of the water washing homogenizer part, the air volume and air pressure in the uniform air storage chamber (108) and the air inflated into the inner cavity of the flotation column (10) by the air gun (109) are automatically adjusted and controlled. The amount and wind pressure and the uniformity and spraying water quantity sprayed on the flotation foam by the water washing and spraying uniform device (105) are used to control the flotation foam layer L1 and the flotation ore slurry liquid in the inner cavity of the flotation column (10) Level thickness of layer L2. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the control sodium hexametaphosphate addition is 400-480g/t during the pretreatment and/or flotation treatment, and the collector addition is 580-750g/t , the addition of inhibitor water glass is 320-460g/t.