CN116603472A - Surfactant preparation system suitable for clean fracturing fluid - Google Patents
Surfactant preparation system suitable for clean fracturing fluid Download PDFInfo
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- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/04—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
- C07C227/06—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid
- C07C227/08—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid by reaction of ammonia or amines with acids containing functional groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/10—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C229/12—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of acyclic carbon skeletons
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及石油工程及化工加工设备技术领域，特别涉及适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统。The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering and chemical processing equipment, in particular to a surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluid.
背景技术Background technique
目前表面活性剂(甜菜碱)的合成通常采用氯乙酸钠+水介质法或氯乙酸乙酯+有机溶剂法；其中，氯乙酸钠+水介质法即用氯乙酸钠与叔胺在弱碱性环境的水介质中反应，通过控制一定的原料摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间，得到目标产物；由于工业品中氯乙酸比氯乙酸钠更易储存和运输，因此需要预先制备氯乙酸钠：ClCH2COOH+NaOH→ClCH2COONa+H2O+Q(热量)；将氯乙酸钠的pH值控制为7～8，然后用氯乙酸钠与叔胺进行季铵化反应：碱性条件有利于季铵化反应，此时碳氯键易断裂，碳氮键易形成；但该反应中氯乙酸钠在反应条件下易分解，导致最终产品产率降低；而氯乙酸乙酯+有机溶剂法的目的是变非均相反应为均相反应，用正丁酮作溶剂，以氯乙酸乙酯取代氯乙酸，在回流温度(80℃)下反应一定时间，然后蒸出溶剂，用正己烷萃取未反应叔胺和氯乙酸乙酯，得到中间产物氯化季铵酯，再在氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液中水解、除盐、脱溶剂，得到淡黄色粘稠产物；但因使用有机溶剂，工艺后期涉及有机溶剂的回收问题，大大增加了整个工艺的成本。At present, the synthesis of surfactant (betaine) usually adopts sodium chloroacetate+water medium method or ethyl chloroacetate+organic solvent method; Reaction in the water medium of the environment, by controlling a certain molar ratio of raw materials, reaction temperature and reaction time, the target product is obtained; since chloroacetic acid in industrial products is easier to store and transport than sodium chloroacetate, it is necessary to prepare sodium chloroacetate in advance: ClCH 2 COOH+NaOH→ClCH 2 COONa+H 2 O+Q (heat); control the pH value of sodium chloroacetate to 7~8, and then use sodium chloroacetate and tertiary amine for quaternization reaction: alkaline conditions are conducive to quaternization Ammonization reaction, at this time, the carbon-chlorine bond is easy to break, and the carbon-nitrogen bond is easy to form; but in this reaction, sodium chloroacetate is easy to decompose under the reaction conditions, resulting in a reduction in the yield of the final product; and the purpose of the ethyl chloroacetate+organic solvent method To change the heterogeneous reaction into a homogeneous reaction, use n-butyl ketone as solvent, replace chloroacetic acid with ethyl chloroacetate, react at reflux temperature (80°C) for a certain period of time, then distill off the solvent, and extract the unreacted product with n-hexane tertiary amine and ethyl chloroacetate to obtain the intermediate product quaternary ammonium chloride ester, and then hydrolyze, desalt, and desolventize in the ethanol solution of sodium hydroxide to obtain a light yellow viscous product; but due to the use of organic solvents, the process involves The recovery problem of organic solvent greatly increases the cost of the whole process.
因此，本发明提供一种适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统，用于抑制氯乙酸钠的水解，并克服工艺后期需要回收有机溶剂的问题。Therefore, the present invention provides a surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluid, which is used to inhibit the hydrolysis of sodium chloroacetate, and overcome the problem that the organic solvent needs to be recovered in the later stage of the process.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统，主要解决了现有技术中所提到的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluid, which mainly solves the technical problems mentioned in the prior art.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统，所述制备系统包括；A surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluids, the preparation system comprising;
反应釜，所述反应釜用于加入叔胺和氯乙酸溶液进行混合反应；Reactor, which is used to add tertiary amine and chloroacetic acid solution for mixed reaction;
蒸馏塔，所述蒸馏塔的进料端与所述反应釜的出料端连接，并通过输送泵将所述反应釜内的叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加入到所述蒸馏塔内，使得所述蒸馏塔将叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加热至90℃-110℃进行蒸馏分层，得到中间体和澄清水；A distillation tower, the feed end of the distillation tower is connected to the discharge end of the reactor, and the mixture of the tertiary amine in the reactor and the chloroacetic acid solution is added into the distillation tower through a delivery pump, so that The distillation tower heats the mixture of tertiary amine and chloroacetic acid solution to 90°C-110°C for distillation and layering to obtain intermediates and clarified water;
反应器，所述反应器的进料端与所述蒸馏塔的出料端连接，所述反应器用于加入所述中间体和氢氧化钠溶液进行季铵化反应，得到表面活性剂的预制品；Reactor, the feed end of described reactor is connected with the discharge end of described distillation tower, and described reactor is used for adding described intermediate and sodium hydroxide solution to carry out quaternization reaction, obtains the preform of surfactant ;
锅炉，所述锅炉的出气端与所述蒸馏塔的进气端连接，并通过电动加压泵将所述锅炉内产生的蒸气加压后泵入到所述蒸馏塔内，将所述蒸馏塔的内部温度加热至90℃-110℃。boiler, the outlet end of the boiler is connected to the inlet end of the distillation tower, and the steam generated in the boiler is pressurized by an electric booster pump and then pumped into the distillation tower, and the distillation tower The internal temperature is heated to 90°C-110°C.
优选的，所述制备系统还包括；Preferably, the preparation system also includes;
粉碎机，所述粉碎机的进料端与所述反应器的出料端连接，所述粉碎机用于对所述表面活性剂的预制品进行粉碎；A pulverizer, the feed end of the pulverizer is connected to the discharge end of the reactor, and the pulverizer is used to pulverize the pre-product of the surfactant;
干燥器，所述干燥器的进料端与所述粉碎机的出料端连接，所述干燥器用于对粉碎后的所述表面活性剂的预制品进行干燥，得到粉末状的表面活性剂；A drier, the feed end of the drier is connected to the discharge end of the pulverizer, and the drier is used to dry the preform of the pulverized surfactant to obtain a powdered surfactant;
产品罐，所述产品罐的进料端与所述干燥器的出料端连接，所述产品罐用于储存所述粉末状的表面活性剂。A product tank, the feed end of the product tank is connected to the discharge end of the dryer, and the product tank is used for storing the powdered surfactant.
优选的，所述蒸馏塔与所述反应器之间设置有混合容器，所述混合容器的进料端与所述蒸馏塔的出料端连接，所述混合容器的出料端与所述反应器的进料端连接，所述混合容器用于对所述中间体进行自然冷却，使得所述中间体的温度由90℃-110℃下降至70℃-90℃。Preferably, a mixing vessel is arranged between the distillation tower and the reactor, the feed end of the mixing vessel is connected to the discharge end of the distillation tower, and the discharge end of the mixing vessel is connected to the reaction The feed end of the mixer is connected, and the mixing vessel is used to cool the intermediate body naturally, so that the temperature of the intermediate body drops from 90°C-110°C to 70°C-90°C.
优选的，所述混合容器内部设置有搅拌结构，用于对所述中间体进行搅拌，使得所述中间体在自然冷却过程中不会立刻分层。Preferably, a stirring structure is provided inside the mixing container for stirring the intermediate, so that the intermediate will not be separated immediately during natural cooling.
优选的，所述蒸馏塔的顶端设置有排气口，所述排气口处连接有冷却塔，所述冷却塔用于对所述蒸馏塔内排出的高温气体降温后，进行排放；Preferably, an exhaust port is provided at the top of the distillation tower, and a cooling tower is connected to the exhaust port, and the cooling tower is used to discharge the high-temperature gas discharged from the distillation tower after cooling down;
所述冷却塔的底部水箱与所述蒸馏塔的排气口连通，用于所述蒸馏塔使用结束后，将所述冷却塔的底部水箱内的水通过水泵泵入到所述蒸馏塔内，进行反冲洗。The bottom water tank of the cooling tower communicates with the exhaust port of the distillation tower, and after the distillation tower is used, the water in the bottom water tank of the cooling tower is pumped into the distillation tower through a water pump, Backwash.
优选的，所述蒸馏塔的底端设置有排水口，所述排水口通过电磁四通阀分别连接有排水管、回流管和补水管；Preferably, the bottom of the distillation tower is provided with a drain, and the drain is respectively connected to a drain pipe, a return pipe and a water supply pipe through an electromagnetic four-way valve;
所述排水管的另一端连接有废水收集桶，用于对所述蒸馏塔内反冲洗后产生的废水进行回收；The other end of the drainpipe is connected with a waste water collection bucket for reclaiming the waste water produced after backwashing in the distillation tower;
所述回流管的另一端连接有水槽，用于对所述蒸馏塔内分层后形成的澄清水进行回收；The other end of the reflux pipe is connected with a water tank for reclaiming the clarified water formed after stratification in the distillation tower;
所述补水管的另一端与所述锅炉的进水口连通，用于通过水泵将所述水槽内的澄清水泵入到所述锅炉内，进行补水。The other end of the water supply pipe communicates with the water inlet of the boiler, and is used for pumping the clarified water in the water tank into the boiler through a water pump for water supply.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
本发明中，该制备系统通过改变表面活性剂制备原料的加料方式，先将叔胺与氯乙酸溶液的物质的量比按1：1-1.10混合，剧烈搅拌，并蒸馏加热到回流温度(90℃-110℃)，形成乳状液；使得该乳状液具有一定的稳定性，即使停止搅拌，也不会立刻分层；然后往乳状液中缓慢加入氢氧化钠溶液，使其与乳状液反应就地生成氯乙酸钠，与叔胺进行季铵化反应，能够抑制氯乙酸钠的水解，提高表面活性剂的最终产率；同时随着反应的进行，生成的甜菜碱又起到了乳化剂的作用，使得该制备系统在制备过程中，不需要加入有机溶剂，因此在工艺后期不需要回收有机溶剂，能够降低整个工艺的成本。In the present invention, the preparation system changes the feeding method of the surfactant preparation raw materials, first mixes the tertiary amine and the chloroacetic acid solution in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.10, stirs vigorously, and distills and heats to the reflux temperature (90 ℃-110 ℃), forming an emulsion; making the emulsion have a certain stability, even if the stirring is stopped, it will not immediately separate; then slowly add sodium hydroxide solution to the emulsion to make it react with the emulsion Sodium chloroacetate can be generated efficiently, and the quaternization reaction with tertiary amine can inhibit the hydrolysis of sodium chloroacetate and improve the final yield of surfactant; at the same time, as the reaction progresses, the generated betaine acts as an emulsifier , so that the preparation system does not need to add organic solvents during the preparation process, so there is no need to recycle organic solvents in the later stages of the process, which can reduce the cost of the entire process.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明的适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluids of the present invention;
图中：1、反应釜，2、蒸馏塔，3、反应器，4、锅炉，5、粉碎机，6、干燥器，7、产品罐，8、混合容器，9、冷却塔，10、排水管，11、回流管，12、补水管，13、水槽，14、废水收集桶，15、氯乙酸溶液储存罐，16、氢氧化钠溶液储存罐，a方向为叔胺的进料方向。In the figure: 1. Reactor, 2. Distillation tower, 3. Reactor, 4. Boiler, 5. Pulverizer, 6. Dryer, 7. Product tank, 8. Mixing container, 9. Cooling tower, 10. Drainage Pipe, 11, return pipe, 12, replenishment pipe, 13, water tank, 14, waste water collection barrel, 15, chloroacetic acid solution storage tank, 16, sodium hydroxide solution storage tank, a direction is the feeding direction of tertiary amine.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明提供适用于清洁压裂液用表面活性剂制备系统，制备系统包括反应釜1、蒸馏塔2、反应器3、锅炉4、粉碎机5、干燥器6和产品罐7，反应釜1的进料端安装有氯乙酸溶液储存罐15，通过输送泵将氯乙酸溶液储存罐15内的氯乙酸溶液泵入到反应釜1内，同时向反应釜1内加入叔胺，使得叔胺与氯乙酸溶液的物质的量比按1：1-1.10加入到反应釜1内进行混合反应，其中反应釜1内设置有搅拌结构，用于对加入反应釜1内的叔胺和氯乙酸溶液进行混合搅拌，使得叔胺和氯乙酸溶液混合均匀；蒸馏塔2的进料端与反应釜1的出料端连接，并通过输送泵将反应釜1内的叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加入到蒸馏塔2内，使得蒸馏塔2将叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加热至回流温度(90℃-110℃)进行蒸馏分层，得到中间体和澄清水，该中间体为乳状液，具有一定的稳定性，即使停止搅拌，也不会立刻分层；反应器3的进料端与蒸馏塔2的出料端连接，反应器3的进料端还连接有氢氧化钠溶液储存罐16，通过输送泵氢氧化钠溶液储存罐16内的氢氧化钠溶液泵入到反应器3内，使得中间体和氢氧化钠溶液加入到反应器3内进行季铵化反应，并使得叔胺与氯乙酸钠的物质的量比按1：1-1.10进行反应，得到表面活性剂的预制品；锅炉4的出气端与蒸馏塔2的进气端连接，并通过电动加压泵将锅炉4内产生的蒸气加压后泵入到蒸馏塔2内，将蒸馏塔2的内部温度加热到90℃-110℃；粉碎机5的进料端与反应器3的出料端连接，粉碎机5用于对表面活性剂的预制品进行粉碎；干燥器6的进料端与粉碎机5的出料端连接，干燥器6用于对粉碎后的表面活性剂的预制品进行干燥，得到粉末状的表面活性剂；产品罐7的进料端与干燥器6的出料端连接，产品罐7用于储存粉末状的表面活性剂。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a surfactant preparation system suitable for cleaning fracturing fluids. The preparation system includes a reaction kettle 1, a distillation tower 2, a reactor 3, a boiler 4, a pulverizer 5, a dryer 6 and a product tank 7. A chloroacetic acid solution storage tank 15 is installed at the feed end of the reaction kettle 1, and the chloroacetic acid solution in the chloroacetic acid solution storage tank 15 is pumped into the reaction kettle 1 through a delivery pump, and a tertiary amine is added into the reaction kettle 1 at the same time , so that the mass ratio of the tertiary amine to the chloroacetic acid solution is added to the reactor 1 according to 1:1-1.10 for mixed reaction, wherein the reactor 1 is provided with a stirring structure for the tertiary amine added to the reactor 1 Mix and stir with the chloroacetic acid solution, so that the tertiary amine and the chloroacetic acid solution are mixed evenly; the feed end of the distillation tower 2 is connected with the discharge end of the reaction kettle 1, and the tertiary amine and chloroacetic acid in the reaction kettle 1 are transported through the delivery pump The mixture of the solution is added into the distillation tower 2, so that the distillation tower 2 heats the mixture of the tertiary amine and the chloroacetic acid solution to the reflux temperature (90°C-110°C) for distillation and stratification to obtain the intermediate and clarified water, the intermediate is The emulsion has a certain stability, even if the stirring is stopped, it will not be separated immediately; the feed end of the reactor 3 is connected with the discharge end of the distillation tower 2, and the feed end of the reactor 3 is also connected with sodium hydroxide The solution storage tank 16 is pumped into the reactor 3 by the sodium hydroxide solution in the delivery pump sodium hydroxide solution storage tank 16, so that the intermediate and the sodium hydroxide solution are added to the reactor 3 to carry out the quaternization reaction, and The substance ratio of tertiary amine and sodium chloroacetate is reacted according to 1:1-1.10 to obtain a pre-product of surfactant; the gas outlet of boiler 4 is connected to the inlet of distillation tower 2, and is passed through an electric booster pump The steam generated in the boiler 4 is pressurized and pumped into the distillation tower 2, and the internal temperature of the distillation tower 2 is heated to 90°C-110°C; the feed end of the pulverizer 5 is connected to the discharge end of the reactor 3, Pulverizer 5 is used for pulverizing the preform of surfactant; The feed end of drier 6 is connected with the discharge end of pulverizer 5, and drier 6 is used for drying the preform of tensio-active agent after pulverizing, Obtain the powdered surfactant; the feed end of the product tank 7 is connected to the discharge end of the drier 6, and the product tank 7 is used to store the powdered surfactant.
进一步的，蒸馏塔2与反应器3之间设置有混合容器8，混合容器8的进料端与蒸馏塔2的出料端连接，混合容器8的出料端与反应器3的进料端连接，混合容器8用于对中间体进行自然冷却，使得中间体的温度由90℃-100℃下降至70℃-90℃；混合容器8内部设置有搅拌结构，用于对中间体进行搅拌，使得中间体在自然冷却过程中不会立刻分层。Further, a mixing vessel 8 is arranged between the distillation tower 2 and the reactor 3, the feed end of the mixing vessel 8 is connected to the discharge end of the distillation tower 2, and the discharge end of the mixing vessel 8 is connected to the feed end of the reactor 3 Connected, the mixing container 8 is used to cool the intermediate body naturally, so that the temperature of the intermediate body drops from 90°C-100°C to 70°C-90°C; the mixing container 8 is provided with a stirring structure for stirring the intermediate body, So that the intermediate will not immediately delaminate during the natural cooling process.
进一步的，蒸馏塔2的顶端设置有排气口，排气口处连接有冷却塔9，冷却塔9用于对蒸馏塔2内排出的高温气体降温后，进行排放；冷却塔9的底部水箱与蒸馏塔2的排气口连通，用于蒸馏塔2使用结束后，将冷却塔9的底部水箱内的水通过水泵泵入到蒸馏塔2内，进行反冲洗。Further, the top of the distillation tower 2 is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected with a cooling tower 9, and the cooling tower 9 is used to discharge the high-temperature gas discharged in the distillation tower 2 after cooling; the bottom water tank of the cooling tower 9 It communicates with the exhaust port of the distillation tower 2, and is used to pump the water in the bottom water tank of the cooling tower 9 into the distillation tower 2 through a water pump for backwashing after the distillation tower 2 is used.
进一步的，蒸馏塔2的底端设置有排水口，排水口通过电磁四通阀分别连接有排水管10、回流管11和补水管12；排水管10的另一端连接有废水收集桶14，用于对蒸馏塔2内反冲洗后产生的废水进行回收，便于集中处理；回流管11的另一端连接有水槽13，当蒸馏塔2内的中间体排出后，控制电磁四通阀将蒸馏塔2的排水口与回流管11连通，使得蒸馏塔2底部的水层通过回流管11排入到水槽13内，用于对蒸馏塔2内分层后形成的澄清水进行回收利用；补水管12的另一端与锅炉4的进水口连通，等蒸馏塔2内的水全部排出后，控制电磁四通阀将回流管11与补水管12连通，然后通过水泵将水槽13内的澄清水泵入到锅炉4内，进行补水，并等补水完成后，关闭电磁四通阀。Further, the bottom of the distillation tower 2 is provided with a drain, and the drain is respectively connected with a drain pipe 10, a return pipe 11 and a water supply pipe 12 through an electromagnetic four-way valve; the other end of the drain pipe 10 is connected with a waste water collection bucket 14, and The waste water produced after backwashing in the distillation tower 2 is reclaimed to facilitate centralized treatment; the other end of the return pipe 11 is connected with a water tank 13, and after the intermediate in the distillation tower 2 is discharged, the electromagnetic four-way valve is controlled to turn the distillation tower 2 The outlet of the outlet is communicated with the return pipe 11, so that the water layer at the bottom of the distillation tower 2 is discharged into the water tank 13 through the return pipe 11, and is used to recycle the clarified water formed after stratification in the distillation tower 2; The other end is connected with the water inlet of the boiler 4. After all the water in the distillation tower 2 is discharged, the electromagnetic four-way valve is controlled to connect the return pipe 11 with the water supply pipe 12, and then the clarified water in the water tank 13 is pumped into the boiler 4 through a water pump. Inside, replenish water, and after the water replenishment is completed, close the electromagnetic four-way valve.
作为本发明的一种优选实施例，首先将叔胺与氯乙酸溶液的物质的量比按1：1.05加入到反应釜1内进行混合反应，然后通过输送泵将反应釜1内的叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加入到蒸馏塔2内，使得蒸馏塔2将叔胺和氯乙酸溶液的混合物加热至100℃进行蒸馏分层，得到中间体和澄清水，然后将中间体加入到混合容器8内进行自然冷却，使得中间体的温度由100℃下降至85℃；接着将中间体加入到反应器3内，然后往中间体中缓慢加入氢氧化钠溶液，使其与中间体在反应器3就地生成氯乙酸钠，与叔胺进行季铵化反应，反应过程中能够抑制氯乙酸钠的水解，提高表面活性剂的最终产率，其中，叔胺与氯乙酸钠的物质的量比按1：1.05进行反应，反应时间为7h；同时随着反应的进行，生成的甜菜碱又起到了乳化剂的作用，使得该制备系统在制备过程中，不需要加入有机溶剂，因此在工艺后期不需要回收有机溶剂，能够降低整个工艺的成本。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first, the mass ratio of the tertiary amine to the chloroacetic acid solution is added to the reactor 1 in a ratio of 1:1.05 for mixed reaction, and then the tertiary amine in the reactor 1 and the The mixture of the chloroacetic acid solution is added to the distillation tower 2, so that the distillation tower 2 heats the mixture of the tertiary amine and the chloroacetic acid solution to 100°C for distillation and layering to obtain intermediates and clarified water, and then the intermediates are added to the mixing vessel 8 Natural cooling is carried out in the interior, so that the temperature of the intermediate drops from 100°C to 85°C; then the intermediate is added to the reactor 3, and then sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added to the intermediate to make it and the intermediate in the reactor 3 Generate sodium chloroacetate in situ, carry out quaternization reaction with tertiary amine, can suppress the hydrolysis of sodium chloroacetate in the reaction process, improve the final yield of surfactant, wherein, the material ratio of tertiary amine and sodium chloroacetate is according to 1:1.05 for the reaction, the reaction time is 7h; at the same time as the reaction proceeds, the generated betaine acts as an emulsifier, so that the preparation system does not need to add organic solvents during the preparation process, so there is no need to add organic solvents in the later stage of the process. The organic solvent needs to be recovered, which can reduce the cost of the whole process.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.
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