CN116571825A - Electrode guiding clamping device and method for micro electric spark machining - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of processing auxiliary tools, and discloses an electrode guiding and clamping device and method for micro electric discharge machining, including a clamping part and a guiding part. The clamping parts include threaded rod (1), clamp back cover (2), sleeve shell (3), chuck shell (11), top plate (4), clamping claw I (5), clamping claw II (6), clamping claw III (7), spring I (8), spring II (9), spring III (10), the guide part includes a guide sleeve (12), when the device clamps the electrode, the electrode Install the clamping part through the small hole of the guide sleeve in the guide part. The electrode enters the range of the clamping claws, and the threaded rod at the top is continuously tightened. During the downward movement of the threaded rod, the top plate is forced to move downwards, and the three clamping claws are pressed by the top plate to move downwards. Under the guidance of the shaped inner wall, the horizontal distance between the clamping jaws is reduced, and finally the function of clamping the electrode is realized. The invention can not only realize the guiding and clamping functions of the fine electrodes, but also ensure the coaxiality of the electrodes when clamping. The online grinding time for preparing micro-electrodes is reduced, and the method has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

Description

An electrode guide clamping device and method for micro electric discharge machining

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of micro electric discharge machining in the field of special processing, and in particular relates to an electrode guiding clamping device and method for micro electric discharge machining.

Background technique

In the micro-EDM process, in order to reduce the time spent on-line grinding, cylindrical electrodes with a diameter of submillimeters are usually used, and the long-diameter ratio of such electrodes is relatively large. Therefore, the clamping device is required to have a better clamping function and guiding function to ensure that the electrode has a better coaxiality with the fixture when it is rotating, and there is no offset and deflection phenomenon, thereby ensuring the processing of micro-EDM precision.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrode guide clamping device and method for micro electric discharge machining.

The electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining of the present invention is characterized in that: the electrode guide clamping device includes a threaded rod, a clamp back cover, a sleeve shell, a top plate, a clamping jaw I, a clamping jaw II, Clamping claw III, spring I, spring II, spring III, collet shell, guide sleeve, the six sides of the clamping claw I, clamping claw II and clamping claw III are respectively opened with the same diameter at the position close to the large end surface The small holes, and the horizontal positions are consistent, the six small holes are used to install spring I, spring II, and spring III; the clamping jaw I and the clamping jaw II are connected by spring I through the small hole and the small hole, The clamping claw II and the clamping claw III are connected by spring II through the small hole and between the small holes, and the clamping claw III and the clamping claw I are connected by spring III through the small hole and between the small holes; The three clamping jaws are fitted into the chuck shell after the fitting is completed, the clamp back cover and the sleeve shell are threaded, and the threaded rod and the clamp back cover are also threaded. The threaded rod is threadedly connected with the top plate at the bottom of the thread; the chuck shell and the sleeve shell are connected through threads after completing the above operations to form a clamping part; the guide sleeve and the sleeve shell are finally assembled , when the cylindrical electrode is loaded through the small hole of the guide sleeve, and the electrode enters the chuck shell through the observation slot, tighten the threaded rod, and finally squeeze the top plate to move the clamping jaw downward to complete the action of clamping the electrode.

The upper end of the threaded rod is a hexagonal prism, and according to the clamping under different working conditions, the upper end of the threaded rod can be cylindrical. The present invention is an example in which the upper end of the threaded rod is a hexagonal prism, and a section of cylindrical surface is milled out in the middle section of the hexagonal prism, and the lower end is threaded to match with the back cover of the clamp.

The shape of the back cover of the clamp is a stepped cylinder. The axial position of the stepped cylinder is provided with a threaded hole and can be matched with the threaded rod. The upper cylinder has a smaller length and the same diameter as the outer diameter of the sleeve shell. Smaller, the outer cylindrical surface of the lower end cylinder is opposite to the screw thread direction of the threaded hole.

There are stepped holes inside the sleeve shell and all have threads, the upper half is a small-diameter threaded hole matched with the back cover of the fixture, and the lower half is a large-diameter threaded hole matched with the chuck shell, and the stepped hole is set The other effect of this is to limit the range of upward movement of the top plate and the clamping jaws, preventing the clamping jaws from being out of control after they are separated due to the action of the spring.

The top claw supporting plate is generally a cylindrical structure, the upper end surface is provided with a threaded hole for cooperating with the threaded rod, and the lower end surface is a cone with a small taper.

The clamping claw I, clamping claw II and clamping claw III can be regarded as three parts equally divided by a circular platform, the taper of which is consistent with the taper of the taper hole inside the chuck shell. The large end faces of the jaw II and the jaw III are separated by a tapered surface with a certain taper, which can cooperate with the conical surface of the top plate; it is more stable during the movement.

The outer surface of the collet shell is composed of a cylinder and a circular platform. There are holes in the cylinder, and the outer surface is a threaded surface, which can be matched with the large-diameter threaded hole of the sleeve shell.

The outside of the guide sleeve is a combination of a cylinder and a circular platform. A small hole with a diameter of d is opened through the guide sleeve at the axis position. A hole with the same diameter as the sleeve shell is opened inside the cylinder, and a hole is opened on the side of the cylinder. Observation slot I and observation slot II are located on both sides of the axis with the same size.

The invention discloses an electrode-guided clamping method for micro electric discharge machining, which comprises the following steps:

S1: Take out the electrode to be clamped, and select the appropriate guide sleeve (12) according to the diameter of the micro-electrode. If you choose to clamp the electrode with 0.5mm, the aperture diameter of the electrode hole of the selected guide sleeve (12) is 0.5mm. mm;

S2: Form an interference fit between the guide sleeve (12) and the sleeve shell (3), put the electrode into the device from the electrode hole at the bottom of the guide sleeve (12), and pass through the observation slot I (21) or observation slot II ( 22) Observe the length of the electrode entering the device. When it is observed that the electrode has entered the chuck shell (11) for a length of about 1cm in the horizontal position, stop feeding the electrode and maintain this position;

S3: After the electrode is fixed, start to tighten the threaded rod (1). At this time, it can be observed that the three clamping jaws are continuously downward and beyond the chuck shell (11), and the distance between the three clamping jaws is gradually increasing. When it is reduced to almost zero, the clamping jaws will firmly grasp the electrode.

The micro electrode of the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining of the present invention is first oriented through the guide sleeve to ensure its good coaxiality, tighten the threaded rod, and the clamping function can be realized by the three clamping claws approaching, and the thread is loosened The principle of rod and spring makes the clamping jaws separate. Due to the taper inside the chuck shell, the clamping jaws move upwards and the clamping jaws are released. At this time, the micro electrode can be taken out.

Features and advantages of the electrode-guided clamping device and method for micro-EDM of the present invention:

1. By tightening and loosening the threaded rod at the top, the function of clamping and loosening the micro electrode can be realized.

2. The micro-electrodes can be guided through the guide sleeve to achieve clicks to ensure good guidance.

3. By manufacturing a guide sleeve matching the diameter of the micro-electrode, and by controlling the diameter of the small hole of the guide sleeve.

The electrode-guided clamping device and method for micro electric discharge machining of the present invention have the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the electrode guiding clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a disassembled view of the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a disassembled schematic diagram of the partial structure of the electrode-guided clamping device for micro-EDM of the present invention (including three clamping jaws and three springs).

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the top plate part of the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of the guide sleeve part of the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the guide sleeve part of the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Threaded rod 2. Clamp back cover 3. Sleeve shell 4. Top plate 5. Clamping claw Ⅰ 6. Clamping claw Ⅱ 7. Clamping claw Ⅲ 8. Spring Ⅰ 9. Spring Ⅱ 10. Spring Ⅲ 11. Collet shell 12. Guide sleeve 13. Small hole 13 14. Small hole 1415. Small hole 15 16. Small hole 16 17. Small hole 17 18. Small hole 18 19. Electrode hole 20. Shell sleeve hole 21 Observation slot Ⅰ 22. Observation slot Ⅱ 23. Threaded hole

Implementation

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining of the present invention includes a threaded rod 1, a clamp back cover 2, a sleeve shell 3, a top plate 4, a clamping claw I5, a clamping claw II6, a mounting Clamping claw III7, spring I8, spring II9, spring III10, chuck shell 11, guide sleeve 12, the six sides of the clamping jaw I5, clamping jaw II6 and clamping jaw III7 are respectively provided with diameters close to the large end surface. The same small hole 13, small hole 14, small hole 15, small hole 16, small hole 17, small hole 18, and the horizontal position is consistent, the six small holes are used to install spring I8, spring II9, spring III10; The clamping claw I5 and the clamping claw II6 are connected by the spring I8 through the small hole 13 and the small hole 14, and the described clamping claw II6 and the clamping claw III7 are connected by the spring II9 through the small hole 15 and the small hole 16 , the clamping claw III7 and the clamping claw I5 are connected by the spring III10 through the small hole 17 and the small hole 18; The clamp back cover 2 and the sleeve shell 3 are threadedly connected, the threaded rod 1 and the clamp back cover 2 are also threaded, and the threaded bottom of the threaded rod 1 is threaded with the threaded hole 23 of the top plate 4 The connection is completed and matched; the chuck housing 11 and the sleeve housing 3 are connected through threads after the above operations are completed; the guide sleeve 12 and the sleeve housing 11 are finally assembled, and when the cylindrical electrode passes through the electrode of the guide sleeve 12 Insert the hole 19, and observe whether the electrode enters the chuck housing 11 through the observation slot I21 or observation slot II22, tighten the threaded rod 1, and then the threaded rod 1 presses the top plate 4 downwards to complete the downward movement of the clamping jaws 5 ~ 7 The action of clamping the electrode.

The method of clamping the 0.5mm electrode with the electrode-guided clamping device for micro-EDM is as follows.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, after the electrode guide clamping device is installed according to the above content, the threaded rod 1 is in the loose position first, the top plate 4 is against the stepped hole inside the sleeve shell 3, and the three clamping The claws are also in a separated state due to the elastic force of the spring, and the electrode with a diameter of 0.5mm is sent into the device from the electrode hole 19 with a diameter of 0.5mm at the bottom of the guide sleeve 12, because the axes of the rotating parts of the whole device are the same axis Therefore, after the electrode enters the chuck shell 11 through the guide sleeve 12, it is also on the axis position of the chuck shell 11. When the electrode enters the chuck shell 11 through the observation slot I21 or observation slot II22, stop feeding the fine At this time, the threaded rod 1 is tightened, and the top plate 4 moves downward under the downward force, and then pushes the three clamping jaws to move downward. When the three clamping jaws merge, the action of clamping the micro electrode is also completed. Due to the role of the guide sleeve 12, the electrodes are also located on the axis of the entire device, which ensures the coaxiality of the electrodes well.

Claims (9)

1. An electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining, characterized in that: the electrode guide clamping device includes a threaded rod (1), a clamp back cover (2), a sleeve shell (3), a top plate ( 4), clamping jaw I (5), clamping jaw II (6), clamping jaw III (7), spring I (8), spring II (9), spring III (10), chuck housing (11 ), the guide sleeve (12), the six sides of the clamping jaw I (5), the clamping jaw II (6) and the clamping jaw III (7) are respectively provided with small holes 13 with the same diameter near the large end face (13), small hole 14 (14), small hole 15 (15), small hole 16 (16), small hole 17 (17), small hole 18 (18), and the horizontal position is consistent, the six small holes are used for Install spring I (8), spring II (9) and spring III (10); said clamping jaw I (5) and clamping jaw II (6) pass through the small hole (13) and the small hole (14) Spring I (8) is used to connect between them, and the clamping jaw II (6) and clamping jaw III (7) are connected by spring II (9) through the small hole (15) and the small hole (16). The above-mentioned clamping jaw III (7) is connected with the clamping jaw I (5) through the small hole (17) and the small hole (18) with the spring III (10); Loaded into the chuck shell (11), the clamp back cover (2) and the sleeve shell (3) are threaded, and the threaded rod (1) and the fixture back cover (2) are threaded , the threaded rod (1) is threadedly connected to the top plate (4) at the bottom of the thread; the chuck shell (11) and the sleeve shell (3) are connected through threads after the above operations are completed to form a clamp Tight parts; the guide sleeve (12) and the sleeve shell (11) through interference fit. 2. The electrode-guided clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the threaded rod (1) is a hexagonal prism, and according to the clamping under different working conditions, the threaded rod (1) The upper end may be cylindrical in shape. The present invention is an example in which the upper end of the threaded rod is a hexagonal prism. A section of cylindrical surface is milled out in the middle section of the hexagonal prism, and the lower end is threaded to match with the back cover (2) of the clamp. 3. The electrode-guided clamping device for micro-EDM according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the clamp back cover (2) is a stepped cylinder, and the axial position of the stepped cylinder is provided with a threaded hole And it can be matched with the threaded rod (1), the upper cylinder has a smaller length and the same diameter as the outer diameter of the sleeve shell (3), the lower cylinder has a smaller diameter, and the outer cylindrical surface of the lower cylinder is opposite to the screw thread direction of the threaded hole. 4. The electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the sleeve shell (3) has a stepped hole and has threads, and the upper part is connected to the back of the clamp. The small-diameter threaded hole matched with the cover (2), and the lower part is a large-diameter threaded hole matched with the chuck shell (11). The other function of setting the stepped hole is to limit the upward movement of the top plate (4) and the clamping jaw. range to prevent loss of control after the clamping jaws are separated due to the action of the spring. 5. The electrode-guided clamping device for micro-EDM according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main body of the top plate (4) is a cylindrical structure, and the upper end surface is provided with a threaded hole that cooperates with the threaded rod ( 23), the lower end surface is a cone with a smaller taper. 6. The electrode-guided clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: said clamping jaw I (5), clamping jaw II (6) and clamping jaw III (7) are It can be regarded as three parts equally divided by a circular platform, and its taper is consistent with the taper of the taper hole inside the chuck shell (11). 7) The large end face is separated from a conical surface with a certain taper, which can cooperate with the conical surface of the top plate (4); it is more stable during the movement. 7. The electrode-guided clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chuck shell (11) is composed of a cylinder and a circular truncated outer surface, the cylindrical end has a through hole inside, and the outer surface It is a threaded surface, which can be matched with the large-diameter threaded hole of the sleeve housing (3). 8. The electrode guide clamping device for micro electric discharge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of the guide sleeve (12) is a combination of a cylinder and a circular truncated body, and there is a diameter d at the axis position The electrode hole (19) penetrates the guide sleeve (12). According to the different diameters of the electrodes to be clamped, there are three different plans for d (0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm). ) shell casing holes (20) of the same diameter, and observation slots I (21) and observation slots II (22) of the same size and located on both sides of the axis are opened on the side of the cylinder. 9. An electrode-guided clamping method for micro electric discharge machining, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1: Take out the electrode to be clamped, and select the appropriate guide sleeve (12) according to the diameter of the micro-electrode. If you choose to clamp the electrode with 0.5mm, the aperture diameter of the electrode hole of the selected guide sleeve (12) is 0.5mm. mm; S2: Form an interference fit between the guide sleeve (12) and the sleeve shell (3), put the electrode into the device from the electrode hole at the bottom of the guide sleeve (12), and pass through the observation slot I (21) or observation slot II ( 22) Observe the length of the electrode entering the device. When it is observed that the electrode has entered the chuck shell (11) for a length of about 1cm in the horizontal position, stop feeding the electrode and maintain this position; S3: After the electrode is fixed, start to tighten the threaded rod (1). At this time, it can be observed that the three clamping jaws are continuously downward and beyond the chuck shell (11), and the distance between the three clamping jaws is gradually increasing. When it is reduced to almost zero, the clamping jaws will firmly grasp the electrode.