CN116564169A - A Demonstration Model of Ventricular Pre-excitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model in the technical field of ventricular pre-excitation models, which comprises a normal conduction lamp band, a knob switch, a bypass conduction lamp band, a base and a heart model, wherein the base is connected with the heart model; the base is the box body that steady supported, the heart model has been stably erect at the base top, the atrium leading flank of heart model is the section, the ventricle of heart model is complete hemisphere model, the section of heart model is forward, can send through the conduction of the heart conduction of the inside sinus node of heart model to the conduction scope on heart surface, from inside to outside, by the part to holistic conduction route to the heart carries out audio-visual show, make the student can audio-visual conduction route and the scope to ventricular pre-excitation observe, advance through the lamp pearl scintillation on the lamp ring during the show state moreover, can be lively advance the process to the conduction route and show, and can also pass through the corresponding electrocardiogram of display screen matching, the teaching is more clear simple.

Description

A Demonstration Model of Ventricular Pre-excitation

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ventricular pre-excitation models, in particular to a demonstration model of ventricular pre-excitation.

Background technique

The beating and blood supply process of the heart is completed through the contraction and relaxation of the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles. The principle of blood flow in the heart is to rely on the contraction of the right atrium, and the blood from the right atrium will be pumped into the right ventricle. Pumped to the pulmonary artery, the lungs are filled with oxygen inhaled from the outside, and the venous blood in the lungs combines with oxygen to become arterial blood; after the arterial blood is collected by the left atrium, when the left atrium contracts, the arterial blood in the left atrium will be pumped into the The left ventricle, and when the left ventricle contracts, it will pump arterial blood to the aorta and its important branches to supply blood and oxygen to various organs.

The principle of heart beating is to rely on electrical activity to generate impulses, and the electrical activity of the heart is normally issued by the sinoatrial node. The impulse generated by the sinoatrial node is actually a manifestation of bioelectricity. When the P cells of the sinoatrial node emit electrical activity, the electrical activity will be transmitted from the sinoatrial node to the atrium. When there is electrical activity, the atrium will contract. When the atrium contracts, it will pump the blood from the atrium to the ventricle. out of the heart, thus completing a complete heartbeat activity.

The atrioventricular node of the heart has the function of conducting excitation. The electrocardiographic excitation generated by the sinoatrial node is transmitted to the atrioventricular node through the atrium, and then enters the ventricular muscle through the His bundle, which can cause the heart to contract and eject blood. In addition to conduction, the atrioventricular node also plays a role in pulsation. The atrioventricular node itself can generate electrical excitation, leading to heart contraction and ejection. When pacemaker points such as the sinoatrial node and atrium are abnormal, the cardiac electrical excitation cannot be generated normally, or when atrioventricular conduction block occurs in the region of the atrioventricular node, the atrioventricular node can generate cardiac electrical excitation and cause ventricular beating. The sinoatrial node is the pacemaker for the normal sinus rhythm of the heart.

The human sinoatrial node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium, and generally has a flat oval shape. Under normal circumstances, the atrioventricular groove formed by the endocardial cushion and the central fibrous body and the valve ring tissue divide the atrium and ventricle, and the atrium and ventricle are electrically isolated except for the atrioventricular node. The ventricle needs to complete the contraction and must be stimulated by the impulse of bioelectricity. The bioelectricity emitted by the sinoatrial node needs to pass through the atrium, atrioventricular node, and His bundle in turn before entering the ventricle. The bioelectricity of the sinoatrial node first stimulates the heart The impulses of the left and right atria contract at the same time, and then are transmitted to the ventricles through the atrioventricular node, and the left and right ventricles also contract impulses later to complete the pumping process.

The atrioventricular node is located in the subendocardium of the right atrium at the lower part of the atrial septum, anterior and superior to the ostium of the coronary sinus, and is oblate and oval in shape, smaller than the sinoatrial node. The function of the atrioventricular node is to transmit the impulse from the sinoatrial node to the ventricle, and the impulse is temporarily delayed in the node so that the atrial and ventricular muscles do not contract at the same time. Only in this way can the blood be guided and pumped in order correctly. Under normal circumstances, the atrioventricular node does not generate impulses independently.

In a normal heart, there is atrioventricular ring isolation between the atrium and the ventricle. Only the atrioventricular node can conduct the current impulse in the atrium into the ventricle, and the atrium and ventricle in other parts are electrically isolated. ; In some patients, in addition to the atrioventricular node connecting the atrium and the ventricle, other parts of the atrium and ventricle are also connected, and the connection is called an atrioventricular bypass. This atrial impulse is transmitted to the ventricle through the atrioventricular bypass. This is an abnormal conduction line, and there are many different situations, some fast and some slow. Ventricular pre-excitation is one of the arrhythmia diseases. One type, in which parts of the ventricles contract prematurely due to premature conduction of the heart's electrical impulses. Ventricular pre-excitation is a disease of abnormal atrioventricular conduction, which means that due to the existence of atrioventricular bypass, the electrical activity of the heart cannot be conducted in the order of the sinoatrial node, endoventricular node, atrioventricular node, left and right ventricular conduction bundles Arrhythmia in which portions of the left ventricle and/or right ventricle are excited by preexcited electrical excitations, and conduction of electrical excitations along the atrioventricular pathway. Pre-excitation means that the atrial excitation does not pass completely through the atrioventricular node, but part of it is transmitted to the ventricle through another congenital atrioventricular bypass, so that part or all of the ventricle is excited in advance. When combined with supraventricular tachycardia, it becomes pre-excitation syndrome. Ventricular pre-excitation is a tachyarrhythmia, combined with supraventricular tachycardia, may have significantly increased heart rate. Palpitations, hypotension, and syncope may occur during the attack. This arrhythmia is difficult to capture on a plain EKG unless it is recorded quickly at the onset. Most patients need a 24-hour continuous dynamic electrocardiogram examination with an electrocardiographic monitor to judge the condition.

Most patients with ventricular pre-excitation have no structural heart disease. Simple ventricular pre-excitation has no symptoms and is often found in the electrocardiogram of physical examination. Therefore, this kind of disease needs to be observed and judged by electrocardiogram, which can be done by doctors with rich clinical experience, but it is difficult for interns and students to judge and understand the heartbeat and principle of ventricular pre-excitation, and it is also difficult for doctor instructors to explain. The range of ventricular pre-excitation in the human heart is large, and some people have a small range, resulting in slightly different ECGs, and the differences are also very small, making it more difficult to judge the actual condition of the patient through the ECG.

Based on this, the present invention designs a ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model, which can send out the heart electricity conduction through the sinoatrial node inside the heart model, and conduct it to the conduction range of the heart surface, and carry out the heart electricity conduction path from the inside to the outside. Intuitive display enables students to intuitively observe the conduction path and range of ventricular pre-excitation, teaching is easier, and it can show that atrioventricular bypass and atrioventricular node conduction form different conduction ranges, and different conduction paths have different effects on the heart The different states formed by the different ranges of heart impulses generated on the surface are displayed vividly, and when the state is displayed, the lamp beads flash on the light ring to perform dynamic display, which can vividly display the progress of the heart conduction path, which is more vivid , more clear and clear, and can also match the corresponding ECG through the display screen for related display, which is more convenient to use and clearer and simpler to teach.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model comprises:

Normal conduction light strip, rotary switch, bypass conduction light strip, base and heart model;

The base is a box body supported stably, and a heart model is stably erected on the top of the base. forward;

An atrium light strip is set between the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass in the heart model;

A rotary switch, a display screen and a controller are also arranged on the base, and the display screen and the rotary switch are all connected to the controller;

Both the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip are distributed in the ventricle of the heart model, the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip are not in contact with each other, and the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip are divided into The upper and lower layers are staggeredly installed;

A plurality of independent light strips are arranged inside the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip, and each light strip inside the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip is connected in parallel with each other, and the normal conduction light strip Each independent light strip inside the light strip and the bypass conduction light strip is electrically connected to the rotary switch;

The normal conduction light strips and the bypass conduction light strips are scattered and spread inside the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model, and each of the atrium light strips, normal conduction light strips and bypass conduction light strips is provided with a lamp bead on the front.

Further, the outside of the rotary switch is provided with a connecting ring piece, and the connecting ring piece is a ring-shaped conductive piece, and a plurality of left ventricular guide blocks and a plurality of left ventricular guide blocks and Right ventricular guide block;

The number of the left ventricular guide block is the same as that of the normal conduction light strips, and a plurality of the left ventricular guide blocks are electrically connected to a plurality of normal conduction light strips in one-to-one correspondence;

The number of the right ventricular guide block is the same as that of the bypass conduction light strips, and a plurality of the right ventricular guide blocks are electrically connected to a plurality of bypass conduction light strips in one-to-one correspondence;

The position of the connecting ring piece is fixed inside the base, the outer end of the knob switch is an insulating knob, the inner end of the knob switch is a cam, and the knob switch is rotatably placed on the base, and the knob switch is The inner end cam is electrically connected to the left ventricular guide block and the right ventricular guide block, and the inner end cam of the rotary switch is also electrically connected to the controller;

The distribution arcs of the left ventricle guide block and the right ventricle guide block do not exceed an angle of 80°, and the left ventricle guide block and the right ventricle guide block are distributed around the outside of the rotary switch, and the position of the electric connection ring is fixed. Surrounds the exterior of the rotary switch.

Further, the normal conduction lamp strip is arranged above the bypass conduction lamp strip, and a plurality of LED lamp beads are arranged in the normal conduction lamp strip and the bypass conduction lamp strip, and the normal conduction lamp strip does not The light-emitting LED lamp beads of the bypass conduction lamp strip are blocked, and the colors of the lamp beads in the normal conduction lamp strip and the bypass conduction lamp strip are different.

Further, the normal conduction light strip includes a plurality of LED light strips;

A plurality of said normal conduction light strips are spread out and attached to the inner wall of the ventricular hemisphere of the heart model, and said normal conduction light strips cover the spherical surfaces of the left ventricle and the right ventricle of the entire heart model;

The bypass conduction light strip is also composed of a plurality of LED light strips, and a plurality of the bypass conduction light strips are distributed in the right ventricle of the heart model, and some of the bypass conduction light strips are also scattered to cover part of the right ventricle. The bypass conduction light strip is also integrally pasted on the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model;

The normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip are spread and attached to the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model, and the light-emitting surface of the lamp bead faces outward, and the normal conduction light strip and the bypass conduction light strip cover the entire heart The ventricular hemisphere of the model;

Some of the normal conduction lamp strips and bypass conduction lamp strips are distributed alternately, and the lamp beads on them do not block each other.

Further, a battery is arranged inside the base, and the rotary switch is electrically connected to the battery through the controller;

The display screen is a digital display.

Further, the front of the lamp beads on the atrium light belt is covered with a cover plate, and the cover plate is a light guide plate;

The lamp beads are all placed on the bottom plate, and connecting lines are arranged on the bottom plate of each of the atrium light strips, normal conduction light strips and bypass conduction light strips, and the controller is connected to the connection line of each light strip separately. connect.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention shows the ventricular pre-excitation generated by the atrioventricular bypass through the light ring, thereby more vividly displaying the conduction path of the ventricular pre-excitation generated by the atrioventricular bypass, and The conduction path inside the heart is enlarged into a model for display, which is more vivid, and the conduction path of the heart electrical impulse is displayed by lighting or extinguishing the lamp beads in a ring, which is more intuitive and accurate, and makes the heart conduction of the atrioventricular node more vivid;

2. Through a variety of normal conduction light strips and bypass conduction light strips of different colors to display the ECG conduction of the atrioventricular bypass, it can more clearly show the different conduction conditions of ventricular pre-excitation and the different conduction coverage. The coverage of the scope of the heart’s own excitation is also displayed. This device adds a display screen, which can match the ECG according to the different coverage conditions, and can easily adjust and display the matching content of the ECG, and can distinguish it from different colors. , can match the corresponding ECG waveforms to the different conduction conditions of the atrioventricular bypass, so that the teaching is more intuitive, more accurate, and the teaching is more vivid. It is no longer an abstract illustration of the explanation, but a more realistic simulation of the atrioventricular bypass heart conduction.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front distribution structure of the normal conduction lamp strip of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front distribution structure of the bypass conduction lamp strip of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the simultaneous lighting distribution of the normal conduction lamp strip and the bypass conduction lamp strip of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary switch of the present invention in an electrified state;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the power-off state of the rotary switch of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single waiting line in the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1-Normal conduction light belt, 11-Lamp bead, 12-Bottom plate, 13-Cover plate, 2-Knob switch, 21-Left ventricle guide block, 22-Right ventricle guide block, 23-Electric ring, 3-Side Road conduction light belt, 4-base, 41-heart model, 42-display, 43-controller, 44-atrium light belt.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Figures 1 to 7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model, including:

Normal conduction light strip 1, knob switch 2, bypass conduction light strip 3, base 4 and heart model 41;

The base 4 is a box body supported stably, and a heart model 41 is stably erected on the top of the base 4. The front side of the atrium of the heart model 41 is a section, and the ventricle of the heart model 41 is a complete hemispherical model, and the section of the heart model 41 faces forward;

An atrium light strip 44 is set between the sinoatrial node to the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass of the heart model 41;

A rotary switch 2, a display screen 42 and a controller 43 are also arranged on the base 1, and the display screen 42 and the rotary switch 2 are all connected to the controller 43;

Both the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are distributed in the ventricle of the heart model 41, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 do not touch each other, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 The upper and lower layers are staggeredly installed;

Both the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are provided with multiple independent light strips, and each light strip inside the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 is connected in parallel with each other, and the normal conduction light strip 1 and each independent light strip inside the bypass conduction light strip 3 is individually electrically connected to the rotary switch 2;

The normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are scattered and spread inside the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and each atrium light strip 44, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are provided with lamp beads 11 on the front , it can be sent out through the conduction of the sinoatrial node inside the heart model 41, and then conducted to the conduction range of the heart surface, and the conduction path of the heart is displayed intuitively from the inside out, so that students can intuitively predict the ventricle It is easier to teach by observing the conduction path and range of excitation, and it can show that the atrioventricular bypass and atrioventricular node conduction form different conduction ranges, and the different conduction paths form different states of different ranges of cardiac impulses generated on the surface of the heart Carry out a visual display, and when displaying the state, the lamp bead 11 flickers on the light ring to perform a dynamic display, which can vividly display the progress of the ECG conduction path, which is more vivid and clear, and can also pass through the display screen 42 Match the corresponding electrocardiogram and perform related display, which is more convenient to use and clearer and easier to teach.

Wherein, the outside of the rotary switch 2 is provided with a connecting ring piece 23, which is a ring-shaped conductive piece, and a plurality of left ventricular guide blocks 21 and right ventricular guide block 22;

The number of left ventricular guide blocks 21 is the same as that of normal conductive light strips 1, and multiple left ventricular guide blocks 21 are electrically connected to multiple normal conductive light strips 1 in one-to-one correspondence;

The right ventricle guide block 22 has the same number as the bypass conduction lamp strips 3, and the plurality of right ventricle guide blocks 22 are electrically connected to the plurality of bypass conduction lamp strips 3 in one-to-one correspondence;

The electric connection ring piece 23 is fixedly installed inside the base 4, the outer end of the rotary switch 2 is an insulating knob, the inner end of the rotary switch 2 is a cam, the rotary switch 2 is placed on the base 4, and the inner end of the rotary switch 2 is a cam It is electrically connected with the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22, and the inner end cam of the rotary switch 2 is also electrically connected with the controller 43;

The distribution arcs of the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22 do not exceed an angle of 80°, and the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22 are distributed around the outside of the rotary switch 2, and the position of the electric ring piece 23 is fixed. Surrounding the outside of the knob switch 2, through the knob switch 2, you can conveniently control the on and off of the light strip, so as to control the size of different ranges, the operation is simple, and the display range can be freely controlled, but it can be manually controlled repeatedly, compared and explained, and can also be passed through The automatic control of the controller 43 can automatically and continuously carry out gradual range changes one by one, and can display the change process intuitively to students.

The normal conduction lamp strip 1 is set above the bypass conduction lamp strip 3, and a plurality of LED lamp beads 11 are arranged in the normal conduction lamp strip 1 and the bypass conduction lamp strip 3, and the normal conduction lamp strip 1 does not block the bypass The light-emitting LED lamp beads 11 of the conduction light strip 3, the color of the light beads 11 in the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are different, which is convenient for staggered display and easy to control different ranges to show that the range of ventricular pre-excitation is different. the degree of danger posed;

The normal conduction light strip 1 includes multiple light strips, each light strip has the same structure, but the distribution shape is different, as long as the entire ventricle can be distributed and covered, it is convenient for the simulation demonstration of the heart's electrocardiogram fluctuation;

The normal conductive light strips 1 are mainly distributed and covered in the model in the left ventricle, and it is required to completely cover the left ventricle. There are also multiple normal conductive light strips 1 that will be scattered and distributed in the right ventricle of the heart model 41 to simulate the coverage of the normal beating of the heart. Demonstration, the normal conductive light strip 1 is fan-shaped, evenly distributed and attached to the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and the shell of the heart model 41 is a light guide plate, which is convenient for spreading and guiding the light, making the light soft and in a range light display status;

The bypass conduction lamp strip 3 includes multiple lamp strips. The bypass conduction lamp strip 3 and the normal conduction lamp strip 1 have the same internal structure and power connection method, but the shape and distribution position are different. The bypass conduction lamp strip 3 is mainly distributed in the heart In the right ventricle of the model 41, there are also parts that spread out in an arc and fit on the inner wall of the ventricular hemisphere of the heart model 41;

The normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are spread and attached to the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and the light-emitting surface of the lamp bead 11 faces outward, and the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 cover the entire heart The ventricular hemisphere of model 41;

Some normal conduction lamp strips 1 and bypass conduction lamp strips 3 will be interlaced, just to show the needs and the range of coverage changes. As long as the mutual circuits are not connected and the lamp beads 11 do not block each other, it is convenient for each The light strips are individually controlled, simple in structure, easy to use, and can be manually controlled one by one. By turning the knob switch 2, you can manually rotate freely in reverse or in forward direction. The operation is simple and can be more flexible;

A battery is arranged inside the base 1, and the rotary switch 2 is electrically connected to the battery through the controller 43;

The display screen 42 is a digital display, which is convenient to control the electrocardiogram waveform displayed on the display screen 42, and the display screen 42 can correspond to the displayed light strips one by one, and can easily display the matching electrocardiogram waveform;

The front of the lamp bead 11 on the atrium light strip 44 is covered with a cover plate 13, and the cover plate 13 is a light guide plate;

The lamp beads 11 are all arranged on the bottom plate 12, and the connecting wires are set on the bottom plate 12 of each atrium light strip 44, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3, and the connection lines between the controller 43 and each light strip Separate connection facilitates intuitive display of the situation of the heart model 41 by the lamp bead 11, and is controlled separately.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention:

The embodiment of the present invention provides a ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model. The technical problems encountered in the present invention are: 1. The current heart model only has a model of the internal structure of the heart, which can directly observe the internal structure of the heart and is convenient for teaching, but The conduction of heart electricity inside the heart cannot be displayed intuitively, and it depends on the abstract explanation of the doctor's instructor, especially the conduction from the sinoatrial node inside the heart to the outer wall of the heart cannot be displayed, and there is no relevant technical content. The principle of this disease is completely Depending on the explanation, each of these different diseases has different symptom feedback on changes in the heart, and there are currently suitable devices for display; Each is different, some are big and some are small, and the corresponding ECGs are also different. In the previous teaching, students relied on their own memory. The teacher explained the teaching, and some instructors with drawing skills would explain it with illustrations, but it was not convenient. The display, the display effect is not good, and the teaching quality is not high.

The technical problem solved by the present invention is: through the heart model 41 of upper half atrium half dissection, and show the conduction path of electrocardiogram, the lower half ventricle is the complete heart model 41, conveniently show the sinoatrial node inside the heart The cardiac impulse is transmitted outward to the ventricles, and it is convenient to display the different ranges of cardiac impulses transmitted by the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass, and the display effect is good.

The achieved technical effects are: 1. The present invention displays the ventricular pre-excitation generated by the atrioventricular bypass through the light strip, thereby more vividly displaying the conduction path of the ventricular pre-excitation generated by the atrioventricular bypass, And the conduction path inside the heart is magnified into a heart model 41 for display, and the inside of the heart is transferred to the outside of the heart, which is more vivid, and the lamp beads 11 are circled to light up or extinguish to show the heart electrical impulse The conduction path is more intuitive and accurate, making the ECG conduction of the atrioventricular node and atrioventricular bypass more vivid;

2. Through the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 of different colors, the ECG conduction of the atrioventricular bypass can be displayed, which can more clearly show the different conduction conditions of ventricular pre-excitation, and through the normal The variation of the coverage of the conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 is to demonstrate the conduction coverage of different sizes of the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass, and conduct this conduction coverage on the surface of the heart model 41. This device The display screen 42 is added, which can match the ECG according to the different coverage conditions, and can conveniently adjust and display the matching content of the ECG, and can distinguish it from different colors. The color of the left ventricle is constantly extinguished, and the coverage area is constantly shrinking, which is intuitive The display shows that the conduction impulse of the atrioventricular node continuously shrinks the range of stimulation to the ventricle, and the color coverage of the light strip 3 of the right ventricle is under the control of the knob switch 2 or the controller 43, and the color of the light continues to spread and expand, showing the right ventricle. The atrioventricular bypass can visually display the changes of cardiac conduction impulses, thus the aggravation of the degree of cardiac pre-excitation, or the different degrees of the disease;

3. It can match the corresponding ECG waveforms to the different conduction conditions of the atrioventricular bypass, and because the ECG of different coverage areas of this ventricular pre-excitation has little difference, it needs to be compared and observed, and it is difficult to distinguish and explain by direct viewing. Constantly turning the knob, you can also turn the knob switch 2 in reverse, so that the device can be compared repeatedly, repeatedly checked and corrected, so that the teaching is more intuitive, more accurate, and the teaching is more vivid. It is not just a one-time display, which allows students to watch repeatedly to deepen their impressions, and carefully observe and compare the subtle differences, but more realistically simulates the ventricular pre-excitation generated by atrioventricular bypass for observation and explanation.

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and the general idea is as follows:

In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

When the present invention is produced, it is necessary to produce the normal conduction light strip 1, the knob switch 2, the bypass conduction light strip 3, the base 4 and the heart model 41;

The base 4 is a stable supporting box, the base 1 is provided with a battery, and the rotary switch 2 is electrically connected to the battery through the controller 43; the display screen 42 is a digital display. The digital display can conveniently display graphics of different shapes, which can be adjusted not only through external storage devices, but also through devices stored in advance by the controller 43 to adjust the displayed graphics.

A heart model 41 is stably erected on the top of the base 4. The front side of the atrium of the heart model 41 is a section, the ventricle of the heart model 41 is a complete hemispherical model, and the section of the heart model 41 faces forward;

The heart model 41 is provided with an atrium light belt 44 between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass; the front of the light beads 11 on the atrium light belt 44 is covered with a cover plate 13, and the cover plate 13 is a light guide plate ;

The normal conduction lamp strip 1 is set above the bypass conduction lamp strip 3, and a plurality of LED lamp beads 11 are arranged in the normal conduction lamp strip 1 and the bypass conduction lamp strip 3, and the normal conduction lamp strip 1 does not block the bypass The light-emitting LED lamp beads 11 of the conduction lamp strip 3, the color of the lamp beads 11 in the normal conduction lamp strip 1 and the bypass conduction lamp strip 3 are different; that is, the normal conduction lamp strip 1 transmitted from the atrioventricular node is green, representing The normal conduction path is established, and the bypass conduction light strip 3 that enters the ventricle from the atrioventricular bypass conduction is red, which represents an abnormal ECG conduction path, which will bring danger. The change of color can make people observe at a glance.

The lamp beads 11 are all arranged on the bottom plate 12, and the connecting wires are set on the bottom plate 12 of each atrium light strip 44, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3, and the connection lines between the controller 43 and each light strip Separately connected, it is convenient to control the start and extinguish of each light strip separately, and the knob switch 2 is also controlled separately with each light strip;

Both the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are distributed in the ventricle of the heart model 41, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 do not touch each other, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 The upper and lower layers are staggered and installed, but the lamp beads 11 do not block each other to avoid the light being blocked, as long as the distribution of the lamp beads 11 is staggered at the intersection;

Both the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are provided with multiple independent light strips, and each light strip inside the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 is connected in parallel with each other, and the normal conduction light strip 1 and each independent light strip inside the bypass conduction light strip 3 is individually electrically connected to the rotary switch 2;

The normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are scattered and spread inside the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and each atrium light strip 44, the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are provided with lamp beads 11 on the front ;

The normal conduction light strip 1 includes a plurality of LED light strips;

A plurality of the normal conduction lamp strips 1 are spread out and attached to the inner wall of the ventricular hemisphere of the heart model 41, and the normal conduction lamp strips 1 cover the entire spherical surface of the left ventricle and the right ventricle of the heart model 41;

This design is for the light strip to fit the light on the inner wall of the heart model 41 for display, which is convenient for display, and the ventricle shell under the entire heart model 41 is made of a light guide plate, which is convenient for diffusing the light of the lamp beads 11 , to display the light uniformly;

The bypass conductive light strip 3 is also composed of a plurality of LED light strips, and a plurality of the bypass conductive light strips 3 are distributed in the right ventricle of the heart model 41, and some of the bypass conductive light strips 3 are also scattered and covered. Part of the right ventricle, the bypass conduction light strip 3 is also dispersedly pasted on the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41;

The normal conduction lamp strip 1 and the bypass conduction lamp strip 3 are spread and pasted on the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and the light emitting surface of the lamp bead 11 faces outward, and the normal conduction lamp strip 1 and the bypass conduction lamp strip Band 3 is covered with the ventricular hemisphere of the whole heart model 41;

The lamp bead 11 is also attached to the inner wall of the heart model 41, and emits light to the outside, which is convenient for the display of lights;

The normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are spread and attached to the inner wall of the ventricle hemisphere of the heart model 41, and the light-emitting surface of the lamp bead 11 faces outward, and the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 cover the entire heart The ventricular hemisphere of model 41;

Some of the normal conduction lamp strips 1 and bypass conduction lamp strips 3 are distributed alternately, and the lamp beads 11 on them do not block each other, and the lamp beads 11 on them do not block each other,

A rotary switch 2, a display screen 42 and a controller 43 are also arranged on the base 1, and the display screen 42 and the rotary switch 2 are all connected to the controller 43;

The outside of the knob switch 2 is provided with a connecting ring piece 23, which is a ring-shaped conductive piece, and a plurality of left ventricle guide blocks 21 and right ventricle guide blocks are protruded inwardly on the inner ring edge of the connecting ring piece 23 twenty two;

The number of left ventricular guide blocks 21 is the same as that of normal conductive light strips 1, and multiple left ventricular guide blocks 21 are electrically connected to multiple normal conductive light strips 1 in one-to-one correspondence;

The right ventricle guide block 22 has the same number as the bypass conduction lamp strips 3, and the plurality of right ventricle guide blocks 22 are electrically connected to the plurality of bypass conduction lamp strips 3 in one-to-one correspondence;

The electric connection ring piece 23 is fixedly installed inside the base 4, the outer end of the rotary switch 2 is an insulating knob, the inner end of the rotary switch 2 is a cam, the rotary switch 2 is placed on the base 4, and the inner end of the rotary switch 2 is a cam It is electrically connected with the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22, and the inner end cam of the rotary switch 2 is also electrically connected with the controller 43;

The distribution arcs of the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22 do not exceed an angle of 80°, and the left ventricle guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22 ring are arranged outside the knob switch 2, and the position of the electric ring piece 23 is fixed. Surrounding the outside of the rotary switch 2, and the distribution arc surface of the electric connection ring 23 is larger than the distribution arc surface of the convex surface with a larger radius than the rotary switch 2, so as to avoid the situation that the light strip is always on and cannot be extinguished.

A battery is arranged inside the base 1, and the rotary switch 2 is electrically connected to the battery. The connection method can be that the positive pole of the battery in the base 1 is connected to two electric rings 23, and there are multiple left ventricular guide blocks 21 on the rotary switch 2. Each left ventricular guide block 21 is electrically connected to a normal conductive light strip 1 in one-to-one correspondence;

There are multiple right ventricle guide blocks 22, and each of the 22 right ventricle guide blocks is electrically connected to the bypass conduction lamp belt 3, which is convenient for controlling the power on or off, and displaying the heart. In the drawings, only the On the front of the heart model 41, the back ventricle of the heart model 41 is also covered with the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3, and the proportion is exactly the same as that of the front, which is convenient for the simulation demonstration of the cardiac impulse and is easy to view;

The other end of each light strip can be connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the battery can be a lithium battery, which is convenient to use, can be moved and used, can also be charged, and can avoid contact hazards, and the power connection ring 23 is fixed on the base 4. Inside, the connecting ring piece 23 does not rotate, and the outer ring is covered with an insulating shell made of insulating wood. The rotary switch 2 can rotate through a vertical shaft and cannot be separated, while the inside of the rotary switch 2 and the connecting ring piece 23 The inner end of the electric connection is a cam, and when the protruding side of the cam rotates in an arc until it fits inside the electric ring piece 23, the protruding arc surface of the cam will be in contact with each left ventricular guide block 21 and each A right ventricle guide block 22 is connected to electricity, so that each light strip in the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 can be rotated and energized;

And when the rotary switch 2 continued to rotate, the small-radius arc surface of the cam would gradually coincide with the inner ring of the connecting ring sheet 23, but the small-radius arc surface of the rotary switch 2 would not rotate with the connecting ring sheet 23, and each different The guide block 21 of the left ventricle and the guide block 22 of the right ventricle have a small convex arc and will not contact the guide block 21 of the left ventricle and the guide block 22 of the right ventricle, so that in the process of continuous rotation, the lit light belt is continuously extinguished, In order to achieve the state of heart pre-excitation ECG conduction, and it shows that the lighting range of the normal conduction light strip 1 of the left ventricle is continuously shrinking, while the lighting range of the bypass conduction light strip 3 is continuously expanding, showing different states The transmission range of the ventricle can be closed by the controller 43 when it is finally closed, which is a relatively independent and reliable control method;

It is also possible to set the state through the controller 43, and control the different normal conduction lamp strips 1 and bypass conduction lamp strips 3 to turn on and off through the single-chip microcomputer in the controller 43, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the lighting range of the lamp strips. This device only needs The lighting range of the left ventricle is continuously narrowed, while the display range of the right ventricle is constantly expanding, and the means of lighting can be automatically controlled by the controller 43, or manually controlled by the knob switch 2, and the display can be performed by manual control. The degree of freedom is higher, and it can easily cooperate with the instructor's explanation process and steps, and the automatic control can show a changing process of continuous deformation and uniformity.

The controller 43 is a controller for separately controlling the waveform of the display screen 42, which is convenient for adjusting and displaying the ECG waveform displayed on the display screen 42, and can control the display screen 42 to display different ECG waveforms.

When the present invention is in use, the normal conduction lamp strip 1, the bypass conduction lamp strip 3 and the atrium lamp strip 44 are turned on by the controller 43, and the inner end of the entire knob switch 2 is controlled to be connected to the battery by the controller 43, and then it can be rotated. The rotary switch 2 is connected to the battery;

When it is necessary to display the normal path, only the normal conduction lamp strip 1 is turned on, so that the outside of the entire ventricle is activated by the normal conduction lamp strip 1, so that the complete outer wall will be lit, while the bypass conduction lamp strip 3 is in the extinguished state. At this time, the whole ventricle gets normal ECG conduction, and the left and right ventricles are covered by the normal ventricular light belt 1 green light, so that the left and right ventricles that express the entire heart are lit up;

At this time, the sinoatrial node enters the atrioventricular node through the conduction of the atrium light strip 44, and then conducts to all the light strips of the normal conduction light strip 1. The connection method of the lamp bead 11 needs to be individually controlled on each loop, and the lamp bead 11 must be continuously moved forward on and off on each light strip to achieve the brightness of each light strip. The light mode can be shown as the state of continuously moving forward, that is, the front lamp bead 11 is constantly on, and the rear lamp bead 11 is constantly extinguished as it travels, thus forming the marching state of the light strip, and each time it travels to the end , turn on and off repeatedly until the power is cut off or the controller 43 controls to shut down. This can be accomplished by a conventional neon lamp lighting control chip, and belongs to a conventional structure.

And when it is necessary to show the abnormal situation of atrioventricular bypass conduction, the normal conduction path still lights up and flashes, and the atrioventricular bypass also conducts conduction by the sinoatrial node through the atrium light strip 44, and the atrioventricular bypass side Start the bypass conduction light strips 3, which can be started one by one to show that the right ventricle conducts impulses through the atrioventricular bypass;

As shown in Figure 4, when part of the ventricle conducts impulses through the atrioventricular node, and the other part conducts impulses through the atrioventricular bypass, there are two control methods, one is that the rotary switch 2 is turned, and the rotary switch 2 is turned to the desired left ventricle. The guide block 21 and the right ventricle guide block 22 are in contact with the cam at the inner end, so that both the normal conduction light strip 1 and the bypass conduction light strip 3 are partly lit up, showing the abnormality of the ECG conduction. This display method is based on the knob switch The rotation of 2 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise to show different conduction ranges;

The second method is to control by the controller 43, according to the set method, the number of normal conduction lamp strips 1 is continuously reduced, while the number of bypass conduction lamp strips 3 is continuously increasing, showing the situation of different diseases , at this time, the range of the green normal conduction light strip 1 is continuously shrinking, while the range of the red bypass conduction light strip 3 is continuously expanding, showing a large-scale pre-excitation state.

The left and right sides of the device are determined by the left and right rules of the heart. The left ventricle is the left side and the right ventricle is the right side. 4 external, convenient for people to turn the knob, and this device is a DC battery, which can be used safely and conveniently.

Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments we have described are only illustrative, rather than used to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by skilled personnel in accordance with the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model, comprising: the heart model comprises a normal conduction lamp band (1), a knob switch (2), a bypass conduction lamp band (3), a base (4) and a heart model (41);

the base (4) is a box body which is stably supported, a heart model (41) is stably erected on the top of the base (4), the front side face of an atrium of the heart model (41) is a section, a ventricle of the heart model (41) is a complete hemispherical model, and the section of the heart model (41) faces forward;

an atrial light band (44) is arranged between the sinus node of the heart model (41) and the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bypass;

the base (1) is also provided with a knob switch (2), a display screen (42) and a controller (43), and the display screen (42) and the knob switch (2) are connected with the controller (43);

the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are distributed in a heart chamber of the heart model (41), the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are not contacted with each other, and the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are arranged in an upper layer and a lower layer in a staggered mode;

the inside of the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the inside of the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are provided with a plurality of independent lamp strips, each lamp strip inside the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) is mutually connected in parallel, and each independent lamp strip inside the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) is respectively and electrically connected with the knob switch (2);

the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are scattered and spread in the ventricular hemisphere of the heart model (41), and lamp beads (11) are arranged on the front surfaces of the atrium lamp strip (44), the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3).

2. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model according to claim 1, wherein: the external part of the knob switch (2) is provided with an electric connection ring piece (23), the electric connection ring piece (23) is an annular conductive piece, and a plurality of left ventricular guide blocks (21) and right ventricular guide blocks (22) are inwards convexly arranged on the inner ring edge of the electric connection ring piece (23);

the number of the left ventricle guide blocks (21) is the same as that of the normal conduction lamp bands (1), and a plurality of the left ventricle guide blocks (21) are electrically connected with the normal conduction lamp bands (1) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the number of the right ventricle guide blocks (22) is the same as that of the bypass conductive lamp strips (3), and a plurality of the right ventricle guide blocks (22) are electrically connected with a plurality of the bypass conductive lamp strips (3) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;

the electric connection ring piece (23) is fixedly arranged in the base (4), the outer end of the knob switch (2) is an insulating knob, the inner end of the knob switch (2) is a cam, the knob switch (2) can be rotatably arranged on the base (4), the inner end cam of the knob switch (2) is electrically connected with the left ventricle guide block (21) and the right ventricle guide block (22) in a separated mode, and the inner end cam of the knob switch (2) is electrically connected with the controller (43);

the distribution cambered surfaces of the left ventricular guide block (21) and the right ventricular guide block (22) are not more than 80 degrees, the left ventricular guide block (21) and the right ventricular guide block (22) are circumferentially distributed outside the knob switch (2), and the power connection ring piece (23) is fixedly arranged outside the knob switch (2).

3. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model according to claim 1, wherein: the LED lamp strip is characterized in that the normal conduction lamp strip (1) is arranged above the bypass conduction lamp strip (3), the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are identical in structure, a plurality of LED lamp beads (11) are arranged in the normal conduction lamp strip (1), the normal conduction lamp strip (1) does not shade the luminous LED lamp beads (11) of the bypass conduction lamp strip (3), and the colors of the lamp beads (11) in the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are different.

4. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model according to claim 1, wherein: the normal conducting strip (1) comprises a plurality of LED strips;

the normal conduction lamp strips (1) are scattered and adhered to the inner wall of the hemisphere of the heart model (41), and the normal conduction lamp strips (1) cover the spherical surfaces of the left ventricle and the right ventricle of the whole heart model (41);

the bypass conductive lamp strip (3) is also composed of a plurality of LED lamp strips, the bypass conductive lamp strips (3) are distributed in the right ventricle of the heart model (41) in a dispersed mode, part of the bypass conductive lamp strips (3) also cover part of the right ventricle in a dispersed mode, and the bypass conductive lamp strips (3) are attached to the inner wall of the hemisphere of the ventricle of the heart model (41) in a dispersed mode;

the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are spread and attached to the inner wall of the ventricular hemisphere of the heart model (41), the luminous surface of the lamp bead (11) faces outwards, and the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3) are distributed on the ventricular hemisphere of the whole heart model (41);

part of the normal conduction lamp strips (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strips (3) are distributed in a staggered mode, and the lamp beads (11) on the normal conduction lamp strips are not shielded.

5. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model according to claim 1, wherein: a battery is arranged in the base (1), and the knob switch (2) is electrically connected with the battery through a controller (43);

the display screen (42) is a digital display.

6. A ventricular pre-excitation demonstration model according to claim 1, wherein: the front surface of the lamp bead (11) on the atrial lamp strip (44) is covered and attached with a cover plate (13), and the cover plate (13) is a light guide plate;

the lamp beads (11) are arranged on the bottom plate (12), connecting wires are arranged on the bottom plate (12) of each of the atrial lamp strip (44), the normal conduction lamp strip (1) and the bypass conduction lamp strip (3), and the controller (43) is connected with the connecting wire of each lamp strip independently.