CN116559685A - Method, detection device and readable storage medium for characterizing reactivity of chemical system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, a detection device and a readable storage medium. Wherein the method for characterizing the reactivity of the chemical system comprises the following steps: charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and with different charge and discharge multiplying powers; acquiring energy efficiency and a charging and discharging window; and judging the reactivity of the chemical system according to the relation between the charge-discharge multiplying power and the energy efficiency and the relation between the temperature and the charge-discharge window, and obtaining the optimal charge-discharge multiplying power. The reaction activity of the chemical system is judged through the relation between the multiplying power and the energy efficiency by carrying out experimental exploration on the energy efficiency change rules of batteries with various capacities under different temperature conditions and different charge and discharge multiplying powers. Through the exploration of the charge-discharge rule, the battery cell is in the optimal temperature in the subsequent practical use condition, the charge-discharge multiplying power is lower than that of a charge window, the lithium precipitation condition is reduced, the battery cell is in a good running state, the working efficiency is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Method, detection device and readable storage medium for characterizing reactivity of chemical system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of lithium batteries, in particular to a method for characterizing the reaction activity of a chemical system, a detection device and a readable storage medium.

Background technique

Lithium-ion batteries have good safety performance, excellent cycle performance, and stable performance. They have been widely used in the power battery and energy storage battery markets. As the application scenarios change, their performance requirements are also different. Different charge and discharge rates will have a significant impact on the cycle performance and energy efficiency of the battery. On the one hand, it needs to have a sufficiently high charging and discharging speed, on the other hand, it also needs to consider the battery life and cost.

In order to increase the charging speed, the existing charging schemes are mainly divided into two types, one is to increase the initial charge-discharge rate, and the other is to increase the cut-off charging voltage. While these two solutions increase the charging speed, they also have a certain impact on the service life of the battery cell, which increases the cost of use. Therefore, it is very important to explore the relationship between the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency.

The above-mentioned problems are urgently to be solved at present.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, a detection device and a readable storage medium.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, comprising:

Charge batteries with various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge and discharge rates;

Obtain energy efficiency and charge and discharge window;

According to the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge and discharge window, the reactivity of the chemical system is judged to obtain the best charge and discharge rate.

Further, the step of charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures with different charge-discharge rates includes:

For a variety of chemical systems under constant temperature conditions, adjust the charge and discharge rate from high to low, and test their energy efficiency;

For the three-electrode battery at different temperatures, adjust the charge and discharge rate from low to high to obtain the charge and discharge window.

Further, the step of obtaining the relationship between the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency includes:

Draw the graph according to the charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency;

Obtain energy efficiency curves of different chemical systems;

The reactivity was judged according to the absolute value of the slope.

Further, the step of judging the reactivity according to the absolute value of the slope is:

The larger the absolute value of the slope, the greater the influence of the current density on the energy efficiency and the worse the projection activity.

Further, the step of obtaining the relationship between the temperature and the charge and discharge window includes:

Draw a graph based on the remaining capacity of the battery and the charging and discharging window;

Obtain the change curve of the charging and discharging window at different temperatures;

According to the change curve of the charge and discharge window, determine the charge and discharge rate at different temperatures.

Further, the step of determining the charge-discharge rate at different temperatures according to the change curve of the charge-discharge window includes:

Make the charge and discharge rate always lower than the charge and discharge window.

Further, the reactivity of the chemical system is judged based on the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge and discharge window, and the step of obtaining the best charge and discharge rate includes:

According to the remaining capacity of the battery, obtain the range of the charge-discharge rate lower than the charge-discharge window;

In the range of charge and discharge rate, select the best charge and discharge rate;

Following the change of the remaining capacity of the battery, select the corresponding optimal charge and discharge rate, so that when the battery is charging, the chemical system has the highest reactivity.

The present invention also provides a detection device for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, comprising:

The charging module is suitable for charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge and discharge rates;

Acquisition module, suitable for energy efficiency and charge and discharge window.

The analysis module is suitable for judging the reactivity of the chemical system based on the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge and discharge window, and obtaining the best charge and discharge rate.

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system is realized when the instruction is executed by a processor.

The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor; at least one instruction is stored in the memory; and the processor, by loading and executing the at least one instruction, realizes the above-mentioned method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system method.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention provides a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, a detection device and a readable storage medium. Among them, the methods for characterizing the reactivity of chemical systems include: charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge-discharge rates; obtaining energy efficiency and charge-discharge window; The relationship between the discharge window is used to judge the reactivity of the chemical system to obtain the best charge and discharge rate. Through the experimental exploration of the energy efficiency change law of different charge and discharge rates of batteries with various capacities under different temperature conditions, the reactivity of the chemical system can be judged through the relationship between the rate and energy efficiency. As the current density increases, the rate increases and its energy efficiency decreases gradually. Through the exploration of the law of charge and discharge, the battery core is at the best temperature in the subsequent actual use conditions, the charge and discharge rate is lower than the charging window, and the situation of lithium precipitation is reduced, the battery core is in a good operating state, and the work efficiency is improved. , increase the service life.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and charging and discharging window provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a detection device for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial functional block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in further detail now in conjunction with accompanying drawing. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the configurations related to the present invention.

Example 1

Please refer to Figure 1. This example provides a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system. As the current density increases, the rate increases and its energy efficiency decreases gradually. Through the exploration of the law of charge and discharge, the battery core is at the best temperature in the subsequent actual use conditions, the charge and discharge rate is lower than the charging window, and the situation of lithium precipitation is reduced, the battery core is in a good operating state, and the work efficiency is improved. , increase the service life.

In this embodiment, the methods for characterizing the reactivity of chemical systems include:

S110: Charge batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge and discharge rates.

Specifically, step S110 includes the following steps:

S111: Under constant temperature conditions, adjust the charge and discharge rate from high to low for various chemical systems, and test their energy efficiency.

Several chemical systems are used for multi-rate charge and discharge, based on Bavot's formula, under strong polarization, it conforms to Tafel's formula η=a+blgic, which is logarithmic, and under weak polarization, it conforms to η=RT/ If the relationship between iF × ic is linear, exploring the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency can determine the reactivity of different chemical systems, but the extreme value of energy efficiency is around 98%. With the increase of charge and discharge rate, the energy efficiency Gradually smaller.

S112: For the three-electrode battery at different temperatures, adjust the charge and discharge rate from low to high to obtain a charge and discharge window.

S120: Obtain energy efficiency and a charging and discharging window.

Specifically, input the energy efficiency, the corresponding charge-discharge rate, and chemical system into the drawing tool, and input the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the charge-discharge window, temperature conditions, and remaining capacity of the battery into the drawing tool. The tool, Can be but not limited to PC, mobile terminal.

S130: Judging the reactivity of the chemical system according to the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge and discharge window, and obtaining an optimal charge and discharge rate.

Wherein, the obtaining step of the relationship between the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency includes: drawing a graph according to the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency; obtaining energy efficiency change curves of different chemical systems; judging the reactivity according to the absolute value of the slope. Among them, the greater the absolute value of the slope, the greater the impact of the current density on the energy efficiency and the worse the projection activity.

Specifically, with the help of the chemical system of 2Ah 50Ah 100Ah 150Ah 280Ah 300Ah (as shown in Figure 2), in a high-low temperature box, under a constant temperature of 25°C, adjust the charge-discharge rate from high to low, test its energy efficiency, and then test the The charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency are plotted, and the reactivity is judged according to the absolute value of the slope. The larger the absolute value of the slope, the greater the impact of the current density on the energy efficiency and the worse the reactivity. With the increase of the charge-discharge rate , its energy efficiency also decreases gradually, and the extreme values of energy efficiency of several different chemical systems are all around 98%.

Wherein, the step of obtaining the relationship between the temperature and the charge-discharge window includes: plotting the remaining capacity of the battery and the charge-discharge window; obtaining the change curve of the charge-discharge window at different temperatures; according to the change curve of the charge-discharge window, determine The charge and discharge rate, that is, the charge and discharge rate is always lower than the charge and discharge window.

Specifically, with the help of a three-electrode battery at different temperatures (30°C, 25°C, 15°C, 5°C, 0°C, -5°C, -10°C, -20°C), the charge-discharge rate is adjusted from low to high, Explore the charge-discharge window at different temperatures and different charge-discharge rates to obtain the best charge-discharge conditions and avoid lithium precipitation, so that the energy retention rate of the battery cell is at a high level and the service life is increased.

As shown in Figure 3, as the remaining capacity of the battery increases, the charging window gradually shrinks, and there are also certain differences in the charging window of different main materials.

Wherein, the step of obtaining the best charge and discharge rate includes: according to the remaining capacity of the battery, obtain the range of the charge and discharge rate lower than the charge and discharge window; within the range of the charge and discharge rate, select the best charge and discharge rate; follow the remaining capacity of the battery Change, select the corresponding optimal charge and discharge rate, so that when the battery is charging, the chemical system has the highest reactivity.

Since the DC internal resistance of the battery decreases due to activation in the early stage, the phase interface of the solid electrolyte decomposes in the later stage, and the impedance gradually increases, resulting in the continuous narrowing of the lithium analysis window with the prolongation of use time. When the window is lower than the actual charge and discharge rate When the negative electrode interface will appear lithium precipitation, the loss rate of active lithium will continue to accelerate, the capacity and energy retention rate of the battery will drop rapidly to reach the cut-off SOH. SOH refers to the state of health of the battery. It includes two parts: ampere-hour capacity and power changes. It is generally believed that when the ampere-hour capacity decays by 20% or the output power decays by 25%, the battery life is over.

Therefore, in this embodiment, by exploring the high and low temperature and the law of charging and discharging, a better charging and discharging system can be selected, so that the actual charging and discharging rate is always lower than the charging and discharging window, and different charging and discharging methods can be used when the remaining capacity of the battery is different. The rate can increase the charge rate while avoiding lithium deposition, and can also make the maximum charge rate always lower than the rate corresponding to 100% SOC, so that the capacity and energy retention rate of the battery cell remain at a high level, thereby increasing the battery life. Long service life, reduce the cost of use.

Example 2

Please refer to FIG. 4 , this embodiment provides a detection device for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, including: a charging module, an acquisition module and an analysis module.

Among them, the charging module is suitable for charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge and discharge rates. Specifically, the charging module is used to perform step S110: charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge and discharge rates.

Specifically, step S110 includes the following steps:

S111: Under constant temperature conditions, adjust the charge and discharge rate from high to low for various chemical systems, and test their energy efficiency.

Several chemical systems are used for multi-rate charge and discharge, based on Bavot's formula, under strong polarization, it conforms to Tafel's formula η=a+blgic, which is logarithmic, and under weak polarization, it conforms to η=RT/ If the relationship between iF × ic is linear, exploring the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency can determine the reactivity of different chemical systems, but the extreme value of energy efficiency is around 98%. With the increase of charge and discharge rate, the energy efficiency Gradually smaller.

S112: For the three-electrode battery at different temperatures, adjust the charge and discharge rate from low to high to obtain a charge and discharge window.

Acquisition module, suitable for energy efficiency and charge and discharge window. In this embodiment, the obtaining module is adapted to perform step S120: obtaining the energy efficiency and the charging and discharging window.

Specifically, input the energy efficiency, the corresponding charge-discharge rate, and chemical system into the drawing tool, and input the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the charge-discharge window, temperature conditions, and remaining capacity of the battery into the drawing tool. The tool, Can be but not limited to PC, mobile terminal.

The analysis module is suitable for judging the reactivity of the chemical system based on the relationship between charge and discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge and discharge window, and obtaining the best charge and discharge rate. Specifically, the analysis module is suitable for performing step S130: judging the reactivity of the chemical system according to the relationship between the charge-discharge rate and the energy efficiency, temperature and the charge-discharge window, and obtaining the optimal charge-discharge rate.

Wherein, the obtaining step of the relationship between the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency includes: drawing a graph according to the charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency; obtaining energy efficiency change curves of different chemical systems; judging the reactivity according to the absolute value of the slope. Among them, the greater the absolute value of the slope, the greater the impact of the current density on the energy efficiency and the worse the projection activity.

Specifically, with the help of the chemical system of 2Ah 50Ah 100Ah 150Ah 280Ah 300Ah (as shown in Figure 2), in a high-low temperature box, under a constant temperature of 25°C, adjust the charge-discharge rate from high to low, test its energy efficiency, and then test the The charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency are plotted, and the reactivity is judged according to the absolute value of the slope. The larger the absolute value of the slope, the greater the impact of the current density on the energy efficiency and the worse the reactivity. With the increase of the charge-discharge rate , its energy efficiency also decreases gradually, and the extreme values of energy efficiency of several different chemical systems are all around 98%.

Wherein, the step of obtaining the relationship between the temperature and the charge-discharge window includes: plotting the remaining capacity of the battery and the charge-discharge window; obtaining the change curve of the charge-discharge window at different temperatures; according to the change curve of the charge-discharge window, determine The charge and discharge rate, that is, the charge and discharge rate is always lower than the charge and discharge window.

Specifically, with the help of a three-electrode battery at different temperatures (30°C, 25°C, 15°C, 5°C, 0°C, -5°C, -10°C, -20°C), the charge-discharge rate is adjusted from low to high, Explore the charge-discharge window at different temperatures and different charge-discharge rates to obtain the best charge-discharge conditions and avoid lithium precipitation, so that the energy retention rate of the battery cell is at a high level and the service life is increased.

As shown in Figure 3, as the remaining capacity of the battery increases, the charging window gradually shrinks, and there are also certain differences in the charging window of different main materials.

Wherein, the step of obtaining the best charge and discharge rate includes: according to the remaining capacity of the battery, obtain the range of the charge and discharge rate lower than the charge and discharge window; within the range of the charge and discharge rate, select the best charge and discharge rate; follow the remaining capacity of the battery Change, select the corresponding optimal charge and discharge rate, so that when the battery is charging, the chemical system has the highest reactivity.

Since the DC internal resistance of the battery decreases due to activation in the early stage, the phase interface of the solid electrolyte decomposes in the later stage, and the impedance gradually increases, resulting in the continuous narrowing of the lithium analysis window with the prolongation of use time. When the window is lower than the actual charge and discharge rate When the negative electrode interface will appear lithium precipitation, the loss rate of active lithium will continue to accelerate, the capacity and energy retention rate of the battery will drop rapidly to reach the cut-off SOH. SOH refers to the state of health of the battery. It includes two parts: ampere-hour capacity and power changes. It is generally believed that when the ampere-hour capacity decays by 20% or the output power decays by 25%, the battery life is over.

Therefore, in this embodiment, by exploring the high and low temperature and the law of charging and discharging, a better charging and discharging system can be selected, so that the actual charging and discharging rate is always lower than the charging and discharging window, and different charging and discharging methods can be used when the remaining capacity of the battery is different. The rate can increase the charge rate while avoiding lithium deposition, and can also make the maximum charge rate always lower than the rate corresponding to 100% SOC, so that the capacity and energy retention rate of the battery cell remain at a high level, thereby increasing the battery life. Longer service life, lower usage cost.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, where at least one instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instruction is executed by a processor, the method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system provided in Embodiment 1 is implemented.

The methods for characterizing the reactivity of chemical systems include: charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge-discharge rates; obtaining energy efficiency and charge-discharge window; based on charge-discharge rate and energy efficiency, temperature and charge-discharge window To judge the reactivity of the chemical system and obtain the best charge and discharge rate. Through the experimental exploration of the energy efficiency change law of different charge and discharge rates of batteries with various capacities under different temperature conditions, the reactivity of the chemical system can be judged through the relationship between the rate and energy efficiency. As the current density increases, the rate increases and its energy efficiency decreases gradually. Through the exploration of the law of charge and discharge, the battery core is at the best temperature in the subsequent actual use conditions, the charge and discharge rate is lower than the charging window, and the situation of lithium precipitation is reduced, the battery core is in a good operating state, and the work efficiency is improved. , increase the service life.

Example 4

Referring to FIG. 5 , this embodiment provides an electronic device, including: a memory 502 and a processor 501; at least one program instruction is stored in the memory 502; and the processor 501 loads and executes the at least one program instruction The program instructions are used to realize the multi-sensor fusion vehicle window recognition method provided in Embodiment 1.

The memory 502 and the processor 501 are connected by a bus. The bus may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges. The bus connects one or more processors 501 and various circuits of the memory 502 together. The bus may also connect together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, all of which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceivers. A transceiver may be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The data processed by the processor 501 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna, and further, the antenna also receives the data and transmits the data to the processor 501 .

Processor 501 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management and other control functions. And the memory 502 may be used to store data used by the processor 501 when performing operations.

In summary, the present invention provides a method for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, a detection device and a readable storage medium. Among them, the methods for characterizing the reactivity of chemical systems include: charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and at different charge-discharge rates; obtaining energy efficiency and charge-discharge window; The relationship between the discharge window is used to judge the reactivity of the chemical system to obtain the best charge and discharge rate. Through the experimental exploration of the energy efficiency change law of different charge and discharge rates of batteries with various capacities under different temperature conditions, the reactivity of the chemical system can be judged through the relationship between the rate and energy efficiency. As the current density increases, the rate increases and its energy efficiency decreases gradually. Through the exploration of the law of charge and discharge, the battery core is at the best temperature in the subsequent actual use conditions, the charge and discharge rate is lower than the charging window, and the situation of lithium precipitation is reduced, the battery core is in a good operating state, and the work efficiency is improved. , increase the service life.

Each device selected in the application (not specifying the parts of the specific structure) is a general standard part or a part known to those skilled in the art, and its structure and principle are known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods informed. Moreover, the software programs involved in this application are all prior art, and this application does not involve making any improvements to the software programs.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented. In another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

Inspired by the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention, through the above-mentioned description content, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, comprising:

charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and with different charge and discharge multiplying powers;

acquiring energy efficiency and a charging and discharging window;

and judging the reactivity of the chemical system according to the relation between the charge-discharge multiplying power and the energy efficiency and the relation between the temperature and the charge-discharge window, and obtaining the optimal charge-discharge multiplying power.

2. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 1,

the step of charging the batteries of the multiple chemical systems at different temperatures and with different charge and discharge multiplying powers comprises the following steps:

under the constant temperature condition, the charge-discharge multiplying power is adjusted from high to low for various chemical systems, and the energy efficiency is tested;

and (3) regulating the charge and discharge multiplying power of the three-electrode battery from low to high at different temperatures to obtain a charge and discharge window.

3. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 2,

the step of obtaining the relationship between the charge-discharge multiplying power and the energy efficiency comprises the following steps:

plotting according to charge-discharge multiplying power and energy efficiency;

acquiring energy efficiency change curves of different chemical systems;

and judging the reactivity according to the absolute value of the slope.

4. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 3,

the step of judging the reactivity according to the absolute value of the slope, namely:

the larger absolute value of the slope indicates that the greater the impact of current density on energy efficiency, the worse the projection activity.

5. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 2,

the step of obtaining the relation between the temperature and the charge and discharge window comprises the following steps:

plotting the residual capacity of the battery and a charge-discharge window;

acquiring change curves of charge and discharge windows at different temperatures;

and determining the charge-discharge multiplying power at different temperatures according to the change curve of the charge-discharge window.

6. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 5,

the step of determining the charge-discharge multiplying power at different temperatures according to the change curve of the charge-discharge window comprises the following steps:

the charge-discharge multiplying power is always lower than the charge-discharge window.

7. A method of characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system according to claim 6,

the step of obtaining the optimal charge-discharge multiplying power comprises the following steps:

acquiring a range of charge-discharge multiplying power lower than a charge-discharge window according to the residual capacity of the battery;

selecting the optimal charge-discharge multiplying power within the range of the charge-discharge multiplying power;

and selecting the corresponding optimal charge-discharge multiplying power along with the change of the residual capacity of the battery, so that the chemical system has highest reactivity when the battery is charged.

8. A test device for characterizing the reactivity of a chemical system, comprising:

the charging module is suitable for charging batteries of various chemical systems at different temperatures and with different charge and discharge multiplying powers;

and the acquisition module is suitable for energy efficiency and a charging and discharging window.

9. The analysis module is suitable for judging the reactivity of the chemical system according to the relation between the charge-discharge multiplying power, the energy efficiency and the temperature and the charge-discharge window, and obtaining the optimal charge-discharge multiplying power.

10. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein at least one instruction, wherein the instructions when executed by a processor implement the method of characterizing chemical system reactivity of any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor; at least one instruction is stored in the memory; the processor, upon loading and executing the at least one instruction, implements the method of characterizing chemical system reactivity of any one of claims 1-7.