CN116557337A - Sealing part and impeller equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sealing component and impeller equipment, and relates to the technical field of sealing. The sealing component includes an inner surface, an inner end surface and an outer end surface, the inner surface faces the shaft, the inner end surface faces the inside of the casing, and the outer end surface faces the outside of the casing; a diversion area is arranged on the inner end surface, and the flow diversion region is arranged around the circumference of the sealing member ; There are at least two first guide combs in the diversion area, the first guide combs are strip-shaped pieces, and the length direction of the first guide combs extends from the direction close to the inner side to the direction away from the inner side. The invention solves the technical problem of serious vibration excitation in the gas seal gap of the sealing part of the impeller equipment in the prior art.

Description

A sealing component and impeller device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sealing, in particular to a sealing component and impeller equipment.

Background technique

Impeller equipment is a power machine that uses continuous rotating blades as its body to convert energy between fluid working fluid and shaft power. The impeller equipment includes an impeller, an impeller shaft and a cylinder, and there is a seal between the impeller shaft and the cylinder. The impeller is a disc-shaped rotating part, and the impeller shaft is the central axis of the impeller, which is also the rotating shaft, and extends out of the cylinder, which is also called the casing. The existing seal between the impeller shaft and the cylinder body mostly uses a labyrinth seal. The labyrinth seal is composed of a row of ring-shaped sealing combs, and there is a small throttling gap between the sealing combs and the shaft or casing.

During the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: firstly, those skilled in the art know that there must be leakage gaps in the labyrinth seal, and a complete seal cannot be achieved. When the shaft is eccentric during operation, the shaft will vibrate, and the greater the degree of eccentricity, the greater the degree of vibration. In addition, the eccentricity of the rotating shaft is inevitable during operation, which makes the width of the sealing gap flow channel between the impeller shaft and the seal different, and when the equipment is running, the fluid working medium (that is, the sealed gas) will continue to enter the labyrinth seal Due to the rotation of the rotor, the airflow will have a certain circumferential velocity before entering the labyrinth seal. The circumferential flow of airflow will cause uneven pressure distribution on the surface of the impeller shaft, thereby aggravating the unstable vibration of the impeller shaft. This phenomenon is called air seal gap excitation. At present, there have been many problems that the impeller equipment cannot reach the rated working state due to the vibration of the gap air flow. Of course, the degree of eccentricity of the rotating shaft is considered as a safe operating range within a certain range. As the rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases, the vibration of the above-mentioned air seal gap becomes more obvious. In the prior art, the excitation vibration of the air seal gap can also be avoided by increasing the number of times of inspection and maintenance of the rotating shaft, but this method will inevitably increase the cost of use.

Based on this, how to avoid the excitation phenomenon of the air seal gap of the impeller equipment seal and prevent the impeller shaft from rotating unevenly is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a sealing component that reduces the vibration of the air seal gap, so as to ensure that the shaft passing through the sealing component can run smoothly for a long time.

To achieve this purpose, on the one hand, a sealing component is provided, which is fixed in the shaft hole of the casing, and includes an inner surface, an inner end surface and an outer end surface, the inner surface faces the shaft, and the inner end surface faces the inside of the casing, The outer end faces toward the outside of the casing; a guide area is provided on the inner end face, and the guide area is arranged around the circumference of the sealing member; at least two first guide areas are arranged in the guide area Comb teeth, the first guide comb teeth are strip-shaped pieces, and the length direction of the first guide comb teeth extends from a direction close to the inner surface to a direction away from the inner surface.

Further, the guide area is arranged on the inner end surface close to the inner surface.

Further, the distance between the two first guide combs gradually increases from the direction close to the inner surface to the direction away from the inner surface.

Further, the first guide combs are arc-shaped, and the centers of all the first guide combs are on the same side relative to the first guide combs.

Further, all the first guide comb teeth form a vortex shape.

Further, at least two second guide combs are included, the second guide combs are strip-shaped pieces, and the second guide combs are arranged to intersect with the first guide combs.

Further, the second guide combs are ring-shaped, and the second guide combs are arranged around the circumference of the sealing member.

Further, there are a plurality of second diversion combs, and two of the second diversion combs are nested in sequence.

Further, the diversion area may be a plane, an arc or an inclined plane.

Beneficial effect:

This solution provides a sealing component, which is fixed in the shaft hole of the casing, including an inner surface, an inner end surface and an outer end surface, the inner surface faces the shaft, the inner end surface faces the inside of the casing, and the outer end surface faces the outside of the casing. A flow guide area is provided on the inner end surface, and the flow guide area is arranged around the circumference of the sealing component. At least two first diversion combs are arranged in the diversion area, the first diversion combs are strip-shaped pieces, one end of the first diversion comb extends from the inner end to the outer end of the diversion area, The inner end of the flow area is the end near the inner side.

When the sealing part of this solution is in use, since a diversion area is provided on its inner end surface, at least two first diversion combs are arranged on the diversion region, and a flow channel is formed between the two first diversion combs. When the impeller shaft rotates, part of the leakage gas will enter the above-mentioned flow channel, and under the action of the first guide comb, the energy of the air flow to the inner surface of the sealing part is reduced, so the leakage air flows between the inner surface of the sealing part and the inner surface of the sealing part. The circulation in the gap between the shafts will be reduced. Therefore, the sealing component of the present solution has the technical effects of good sealing performance, reducing the excitation of the air seal gap, and ensuring the smooth rotation of the shaft.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sealing part of the present application;

Fig. 2 is the axial view in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a sealing member mounted on the impeller device.

In the figure: 100-inner surface; 200-inner end face; 210-diversion area; 211-first diversion comb; 212-second diversion comb; 110-third comb; 300-outer end face; 400 -outer side; 500-axis.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only the technical solutions of the present invention. Some, but not all, embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, and may also include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

Embodiment one:

As shown in FIGS. 1-4 , this embodiment provides a sealing component, which is fixed in the shaft hole of the casing, and the shaft passes through the inner hole of the sealing component. The sealing component includes an inner surface 100 , an inner end surface 200 and an outer end surface 300 , the inner surface 100 faces the shaft 500 , the inner end surface 200 faces inside the casing, and the outer end surface 300 faces outside the casing. A flow guide area 210 is provided on the inner end surface 200, and the flow guide area 210 is arranged around the circumference of the sealing component. At least two first guide combs 211 are arranged in the guide area 210. The first guide combs 211 are strip-shaped pieces. The length direction of the first guide combs 211 is from close to the inner surface 100 to away from the inside The direction of the side 100 extends.

When the sealing part of this solution is in use, since the inner end surface 200 is provided with a diversion area 210, the diversion area 210 is provided with at least two first diversion combs 211, between the two first diversion combs 211 When the shaft 500 (for example, the impeller shaft) rotates, part of the leakage gas will enter the above-mentioned flow channel, and under the action of the first guide comb teeth, the flow of the gas to the inner surface 100 of the sealing member is reduced. Energy, so the circulation of the leakage air flow in the gap between the inner surface 100 of the sealing member and the shaft 500 will be reduced. Therefore, the sealing component of this embodiment has the technical effect of alleviating the excitation of the air seal gap and ensuring the smooth rotation of the shaft.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the diversion area 210 is disposed near the inner surface 100 of the inner end surface 200 . The guide area 210 is disposed on the inner end surface 200 close to the shaft 500 . Further, one end of the first guide comb 211 extends outward from the junction of the inner surface 100 and the inner end surface 200 (that is, to the outer surface 400 ).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the distance between the two first guide combs 211 gradually increases from the direction of approaching the inner surface 100 to away from the inner surface 100 (that is, approaching the outer surface 400 ).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the first guide combs 211 are arc-shaped, and the centers of circles of all the first guide combs 211 are on the same side relative to the first guide combs 211 . Further, all the first guide combs 211 form a spiral shape. The vortex-shaped first diversion comb 211 is more conducive to diverting the fluid to the inner end surface 200, so that the fluid flows along the inner end surface 200 in a direction approximately perpendicular to the inner surface 100, thereby reducing the fluid entering the inner surface 100, and further The vibration phenomenon of the air seal gap is alleviated, and the smooth rotation of the shaft is ensured.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the sealing component also includes at least two second guide combs 212 , the second guide combs 212 are strip-shaped sheets, and the second guide combs 212 are connected to the second guide combs. A diversion comb 211 is arranged in a crossed manner. At least two first guide combs and at least two second guide combs form at least one throttling cavity, and there is an expansion space in the throttling cavity. The leaked air flow enters the expansion space of each throttling cavity in turn, and a violent turbulent vortex is generated in the expansion space. The above-mentioned turbulent vortex irreversibly converts the mechanical energy of the leaked air flow into internal energy, and dissipates it to the environment, so that the mechanical energy of the leaked air flow continues Decrease, thereby reducing the leakage of leakage gas and improving the sealing performance. In the sealing part of this embodiment, since the second guide comb 212 is further provided on the structure of the first guide comb 211, the sealing performance is improved, the vibration phenomenon of the air seal gap is reduced, and the long-term maintenance of the shaft is ensured. Rotate smoothly, and the above-mentioned technical effect is more obvious when used on a high-speed rotating shaft.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the second guide combs 212 are annular, and the second guide combs 212 are arranged around the circumference of the sealing component. The first diversion comb 211 intersects with the second diversion comb 212. At this time, the second diversion comb 212 is ring-shaped. When the first diversion comb 211 and the second diversion comb 212 have at least two groups At this time, a plurality of the above-mentioned throttling cavities are formed in the guide area 210 to further improve the performance of the sealing component.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , when the second guide combs 212 are ring-shaped, and there are multiple second guide combs 212 , at this time, two second guide combs 212 are nested in sequence. Preferably, all the second guide combs 212 are arranged concentrically, and preferably, the centers of all the second guide combs 212 are collinear with the central axis of the sealing component.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the diversion area 210 is arranged on the inner end surface 200 of the sealing component, at the junction of the inner end surface 200 and the inner surface 100, and the diversion area 210 can be a plane, an arc surface or inclined plane.

Further, as shown in Figures 1-3, there are at least two third comb teeth 110 on the inner surface 100, the third comb teeth 110 are strip-like pieces, and the third comb teeth wrap around the sealing member. Arranged in the circumferential direction, preferably, the third comb teeth are connected end to end. At least two third comb teeth are arranged side by side sequentially from the inner end surface 200 to the outer end surface 300 . Preferably, there are a plurality of third comb teeth on the inner surface 100, and each third comb tooth is arranged side by side and equidistant.

Embodiment two:

As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment discloses a kind of impeller equipment, including any one of the sealing components in Embodiment 1, the impeller equipment also includes an impeller, an impeller shaft and a cylinder, the impeller is arranged on the impeller shaft, and the impeller shaft is located at In the cylinder body, the cylinder body is provided with a shaft hole, the impeller shaft passes through the shaft hole, the sealing part is arranged at the shaft hole, and the diversion area faces the back of the impeller, that is, the diversion area of the sealing part is close to the back of the impeller, that is, the impeller on the side without working blades. The impeller device in this embodiment can be of axial flow type, radial flow type, mixed flow type, or combined type. Preferably, the impeller device in this embodiment is a radial flow type or a centrifugal type. When any of the sealing components in Embodiment 1 is used on the radial flow impeller equipment, the guide area of the sealing component faces the cylinder and is located on the back of the impeller. Before the shaft end is sealed, it is fixed on the shaft end sealing side. The impeller equipment is working in a static state. The working medium in the cylinder of the impeller equipment is usually gas and the working pressure is relatively high, but because the working medium passes through the two first guide comb teeth of the sealing part to form a flow channel, a part of the working medium is guided to the shaft perpendicular to the shaft. In the plane, the working medium entering the inner surface will be greatly reduced at this time, thereby reducing the vibration phenomenon of the air seal gap, ensuring the smooth rotation of the shaft, and improving the sealing effect at the same time.

Further, when the diversion area of the sealing component includes first diversion combs and second diversion combs, the two first diversion combs and the two second diversion combs form at least one throttling cavity, When the working medium of the impeller equipment enters the throttling chamber, a huge turbulent vortex will be generated. In the process, the turbulent vortex irreversibly converts the mechanical energy of the fluid into internal energy and dissipates it to the environment, which makes the mechanical energy of the fluid continuously decrease, further reducing the Gas seal gap excitation phenomenon.

When the structure of the sealing component is: the first guide combs 211 are arc-shaped, and the circle centers of all the first guide combs 211 are on the same side relative to the first guide combs 211 . Further, all the first guide combs 211 form a vortex shape. Preferably, the direction of rotation of the vortex formed by the first guide comb teeth on the sealing member is opposite to the direction of rotation of the impeller shaft. As shown in FIG. 4 , when the impeller shaft 500 rotates clockwise, the bending direction of the first guide comb 211 is counterclockwise. The clockwise rotation of the impeller shaft 500 (direction A in Figure 4) will drive the surrounding working medium to also rotate clockwise. When the working medium encounters the first guide comb, its flow direction will change. At this time The working medium entering the inner surface 100 of the sealing member is opposite to the direction of rotation of the impeller shaft (as shown in the B direction in Figure 4 ). On the contrary, the circumferential flow energy of the working medium is reduced, and the mechanical energy of the working medium entering the inner surface 100 of the sealing component will be irreversibly converted into internal energy, further reducing the working medium on the inner surface 100 of the sealing component, thereby improving the sealing of the sealing component Performance, while reducing the vibration phenomenon of the air seal gap.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sealing component, characterized in that the sealing component is fixed in a shaft hole of a casing and comprises an inner side surface, an inner end surface and an outer end surface, wherein the inner side surface faces the shaft, the inner end surface faces the inside of the casing, and the outer end surface faces the outside of the casing;

the inner end face is provided with a diversion area, and the diversion area is arranged around the circumference of the sealing part;

at least two first flow guiding comb teeth are arranged in the flow guiding area, the first flow guiding comb teeth are strip-shaped sheet bodies, and the length direction of the first flow guiding comb teeth extends from the direction close to the inner side face to the direction far away from the inner side face.

2. The seal of claim 1, wherein the flow directing region is disposed at the inner end surface proximate the inner side surface.

3. The seal of claim 1 wherein the spacing of two of said first guide fingers increases progressively from closer to said inner side to farther from said inner side.

4. The seal of claim 1 wherein said first flow-directing comb teeth are arcuate with the center of all of said first flow-directing comb teeth being on the same side relative to said first flow-directing comb teeth.

5. The seal of claim 4 wherein all of said first flow directing combs are formed as a vortex.

6. The seal of claim 1, further comprising at least two second flow-directing combs, the second flow-directing combs being strip-shaped sheets, the second flow-directing combs being disposed crosswise to the first flow-directing combs.

7. The seal of claim 6, wherein the second flow guide comb teeth are annular in shape, the second flow guide comb teeth being disposed about a circumference of the seal.

8. The sealing member according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of second guide comb teeth are provided, and each of the second guide comb teeth is sleeved in sequence.

9. The seal of claim 1 wherein the flow directing region is planar, arcuate or beveled.

10. An impeller apparatus comprising the sealing member of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising an impeller, an impeller shaft and a cylinder, said impeller being disposed on said impeller shaft, said impeller shaft being disposed within said cylinder, said cylinder being provided with a shaft bore from which said impeller shaft extends, said sealing member being disposed at said shaft bore, said flow guiding region being oriented toward the back of said impeller.