CN116517668A - Engine waste heat recovery system and vehicle with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine waste heat recovery system and a vehicle with the same, wherein the engine waste heat recovery system comprises an airflow passage, a first heat exchange module, a temperature difference power generation module and a cooling circuit, the airflow passage is suitable for being communicated with an exhaust passage of an engine and comprises a main passage, a first branch and a second branch, the main passage and the first branch are respectively and serially connected with each other, the first branch and the second branch are parallelly connected with each other, the first heat exchange module comprises a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage which mutually transfer heat, the first heat exchange passage is serially connected with the first branch, the temperature difference power generation module comprises a hot end passage and a cold end passage, the hot end passage is serially connected with the second branch, the cooling circuit and the airflow passage are mutually and independently arranged, and the second heat exchange passage and the cold end passage are both communicated with the cooling circuit. According to the engine waste heat recovery system, the exhaust waste heat utilization rate of the engine is improved, and the energy consumption of a vehicle is effectively saved.

Description

Engine waste heat recovery system and vehicle having same

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an engine waste heat recovery system and a vehicle with the system.

Background technique

Engine exhaust heat occupies a large part of fuel energy consumption, generally up to about 30%. In the related art, in order to save the energy consumption of the vehicle and realize the energy saving of the engine, an engine waste heat recovery system is used to recover and reuse the exhaust heat of the engine. However, the waste heat utilization rate of the engine waste heat recovery system is low, and the utilization methods are relatively limited.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention proposes an engine waste heat recovery system, which improves the utilization rate of engine exhaust waste heat and effectively saves vehicle energy consumption.

The present invention also proposes a vehicle with the above engine waste heat recovery system.

The engine waste heat recovery system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: an airflow flow path, the air flow flow path is suitable for communicating with the exhaust passage of the engine, and includes a main path, a first branch path and a second branch path, The main circuit is arranged in series with the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit respectively, and the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit are arranged in parallel; the first heat exchange module, the first heat exchange module The module includes a first heat exchange flow path and a second heat exchange flow path that transfer heat to each other, the first heat exchange flow path is connected in series with the first branch; a thermoelectric power generation module, the thermoelectric power generation module includes a hot end A flow path and a cold end flow path, the hot end flow path is connected in series with the second branch; a cooling circuit, the cooling circuit and the air flow path are independently set up, the second heat exchange flow path and the The cold end flow paths are all connected to the cooling circuit.

According to the engine waste heat recovery system of the embodiment of the present invention, the first heat exchange module and the thermoelectric power generation module are arranged, and the first heat exchange flow path of the first heat exchange module is connected in series with the first branch, the second heat exchange flow The hot end flow path of the thermoelectric power generation module is connected to the second branch in series, the cold end flow path is connected to the cooling circuit, and the first branch and the second branch are set in parallel to ensure the first heat exchange The heat exchange efficiency of the module and the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module. At the same time, the cooling circuit can cool the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module to increase the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module, thereby improving the utilization rate of engine exhaust waste heat.

In some embodiments, the engine waste heat recovery system further includes: a second heat exchange module, the second heat exchange module includes a third heat exchange flow path and at least one fourth heat exchange flow path, the third heat exchange flow path The inlet end of the hot flow path is connected to the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and/or the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path is connected to the cold end flow path The inlet end of the path, the third heat exchange flow path and the fourth heat exchange flow path conduct heat with each other.

In some embodiments, the engine waste heat recovery system is used in vehicles; the fourth heat exchange flow paths are two and set independently of each other, one of the fourth heat exchange flow paths is suitable for the engine of the vehicle and at least one of the passenger compartment, and the other fourth heat exchange flow path is suitable for heating at least one of the battery device, the motor device, and the intake air path of the engine of the vehicle.

In some embodiments, the engine waste heat recovery system further includes: a first switch valve, the first switch valve is connected in series with the first branch for controlling the on-off of the first branch; Two on-off valves, the second on-off valve is connected in series with the main circuit for controlling the on-off of the main circuit.

In some embodiments, the first on-off valve is configured to block the first branch when the temperature at the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path exceeds a first preset value; the second on-off valve is configured to When the temperature at the inlet end of the cold end flow path exceeds a second preset value, the main path is cut off.

In some embodiments, the first switch valve has a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel is connected in series with the first branch, and the second flow channel exchanges heat with the second flow channel The outlet end of the flow path is connected, and a first temperature-sensing element is arranged in the first flow path, and the volume of the first temperature-sensing element changes according to the temperature in the second flow path. When the temperature exceeds the first preset value, the first temperature-sensing element blocks the first channel to block the first branch; the second on-off valve has a third channel and a fourth channel, and the first The three channels are connected in series to the main channel, the fourth channel communicates with the inlet end of the cold end channel, the third channel is provided with a second temperature sensing element, and the second temperature sensing element The volume of the element changes according to the temperature in the fourth flow channel, and when the temperature in the fourth flow channel exceeds a second preset value, the second temperature-sensing element blocks the third flow path to block the main flow path. road.

In some embodiments, the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value.

In some embodiments, the engine waste heat recovery system further includes: a switch valve, the switch valve has a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port and the third port are connected to the first port The two ports are switched and conducted, the first port communicates with the inlet end of the second heat exchange flow path, the second port communicates with the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the third port communicates with the The outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path communicates with the inlet end of the cold end flow path.

In some embodiments, the gas flow path is adapted to be disposed in parallel with at least part of the exhaust passage.

The vehicle according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes: an engine, the engine has an exhaust passage; an engine waste heat recovery system, the engine waste heat recovery system is the engine waste heat recovery system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, The air flow path communicates with the exhaust passage.

According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned engine waste heat recovery system, the utilization rate of engine exhaust waste heat is improved, and the energy consumption of the vehicle is saved.

In some embodiments, the exhaust path includes an exhaust main path and an exhaust bypass, the air flow path is connected to the exhaust bypass in series, and the air flow path and the exhaust bypass The formed flow path is provided in parallel with the main exhaust path.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and understandable from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an engine waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an engine waste heat recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the flow path corresponding to the thick line is a gas flow path, and the flow path corresponding to the thin line is a water path;

Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of the engine waste heat recovery system shown in Fig. 2, wherein the system is in the "power generation + heating" mode;

Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the engine waste heat recovery system shown in Fig. 2, wherein the system is in the mode of "power generation + no heating";

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second heat exchange module shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of various operating modes of the second heat exchange module shown in Fig. 5 .

Reference signs:

Engine waste heat recovery system 100, exhaust passage 101, exhaust main passage 101a, exhaust bypass passage 101b,

Air flow path 1, main path 11, first branch path 12, second branch path 13,

Cooling circuit 2, first circuit section 21, second circuit section 22,

The first heat exchange module 3, the thermoelectric power generation module 4,

The second heat exchange module 5, the third heat exchange flow path 51, the fourth heat exchange flow path 52,

The first switching valve 6, the second switching valve 7,

switching valve 8, first port 81, second port 82, third port 83,

Water pump 91, liquid storage tank 92.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in different instances. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific process and material examples are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

Next, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an engine waste heat recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 includes an air flow path 1 , a first heat exchange module 3 , a thermoelectric power generation module 4 and a cooling circuit 2 .

The air flow path 1 is suitable for communicating with the exhaust passage 101 of the engine, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the engine can flow into the air flow path 1, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can recover waste heat from the exhaust of the engine, and it is convenient to realize engine exhaust. Utilization of waste heat. Wherein, the airflow flow path 1 includes a main path 11, a first branch path 12 and a second branch path 13, and the main path 11, the first branch path 12 and the second branch path 13 are arranged in series respectively, that is, the main path 11 and the first branch path The road 12 is arranged in series, and the main road 11 and the second branch road 13 are arranged in series, and the first branch road 12 and the second branch road 13 are arranged in parallel, so the airflow in the main road 11 can be distributed to the first branch road 12 and the second branch road respectively. In the second branch road 13.

The cooling circuit 2 and the air flow path 1 are set independently of each other, the air flow in the air flow path 1 will not flow into the cooling circuit 2, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 will not flow into the air flow path 1, and the cooling circuit The heat exchange medium in 2 can circulate independently.

The first heat exchange module 3 includes a first heat exchange flow path and a second heat exchange flow path. The first heat exchange flow path is connected in series with the first branch 12, so that the airflow in the first branch 12 can flow to the first In the heat exchange flow path, the second heat exchange flow path is connected to the cooling circuit 2, then the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can flow into the second heat exchange flow path, and the first heat exchange flow path and the second heat exchange flow path The flow paths transfer heat to each other, and at the same time, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is relatively high, so that the heat of the airflow in the first heat exchange flow path can be transferred to the heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange flow path, so that the heat exchange in the cooling circuit 2 The temperature of the heat medium rises, thereby realizing recovery of waste heat from the exhaust gas of the engine.

The thermoelectric power generation module 4 includes a hot-end flow path and a cold-end flow path. The hot-end flow path is connected in series with the second branch 13, so that the airflow in the second branch 13 can flow into the hot-end flow path, and the cold-end flow path If it is connected to the cooling circuit 2, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can flow into the cold end flow path; The hot end is heated, the cold end and the cold end flow path are set correspondingly, and the cold end flow path cools the cold end, so that there is a difference between the temperature of the hot end and the temperature of the cold end, so that the thermoelectric power generation module 4 can generate electric energy to make the waste heat of the engine The recovery system 100 can generate electricity by utilizing exhaust waste heat of the engine.

Obviously, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 in this application recovers the exhaust heat of the engine in the following ways: 1. The heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 absorbs the heat of the engine exhaust; 2. The engine exhaust makes the temperature difference generate electricity The temperature of the hot end of the module 4 is relatively high, so that the thermoelectric power generation module 4 utilizes the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end to generate electricity, thereby effectively improving the recycling rate of exhaust waste heat of the engine; meanwhile, the cold end and the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 Corresponding setting of the flow path makes the heat exchange medium in the flow path of the cold end absorb the heat generated by the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 during operation, so as to cool down and cool the cold end. Compared with some technologies, the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 The end adopts the method of natural air cooling, the air around the exhaust pipe of the engine has a high temperature due to heat radiation, etc., and the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module rises accordingly, and the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end is small, resulting in low power generation. This application can increase the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4, thereby increasing the power generation power of the thermoelectric power generation module 4, so that the thermoelectric power generation module 4 can maintain a certain high-efficiency power generation, and further improve engine exhaust. The recycling rate of waste heat is improved, and the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can also recover the heat generated at the cold end.

Moreover, since the first branch 12 and the second branch 13 are arranged in parallel, the first heat exchange module 3 and the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are arranged in parallel, and the heat of the engine exhaust absorbed by the first heat exchange module 3 will not affect The generating power of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is used to ensure the utilization rate of exhaust waste heat of the engine.

Therefore, according to the engine waste heat recovery system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the first heat exchange module 3 and the thermoelectric power generation module 4, and making the first heat exchange flow path of the first heat exchange module 3 connected in series 12, the second heat exchange flow path is connected to the cooling circuit 2, the hot end flow path of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is connected in series with the second branch 13, the cold end flow path is connected to the cooling circuit 2, and the first branch 12 and The second branch circuit 13 is arranged in parallel to ensure the heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange module 3 and the power generation power of the thermoelectric power generation module 4. At the same time, the cooling circuit 2 can cool the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 to improve the temperature difference power generation module. 4 power generation power, thereby improving the utilization rate of engine exhaust waste heat.

Compared with some technologies, the engine waste heat recovery system can only use the exhaust waste heat of the engine to generate electricity, so that most of the exhaust waste heat is not utilized, resulting in a low utilization rate of exhaust waste heat; When the exhaust waste heat is used for power generation, the power generation power is relatively low. For example, the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is cooled by natural wind; this application effectively improves the utilization rate of the exhaust waste heat of the engine.

Optionally, the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is made of ceramic material, so that the thermoelectric power generation module 4 has a higher temperature resistance level.

Optionally, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 may be water.

Optionally, the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is a semiconductor power generation module.

In some embodiments, the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is electrically connected to the electric storage device (such as a battery of a vehicle) through the conversion processor, so that the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is stored in the power storage device through the conversion processor, so that it can be supplied to the vehicle. Electric appliances such as low-voltage appliances (including but not limited to radiator fans) supply power, making the use of electric energy more flexible and extensive.

Optionally, a relay is provided between the conversion processor and the power storage device for switching on or off the electrical connection between the conversion processor and the power storage device.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a second heat exchange module 5 , and the second heat exchange module 5 includes a third heat exchange flow path 51 and at least one fourth heat exchange channel 51 Flow path 52, the inlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 communicates with the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and/or the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 communicates with the cold end At the inlet end of the flow path, the third heat exchange flow path 51 and the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 transfer heat to each other, and the medium in the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 can absorb the heat of the medium in the third heat exchange flow path 51 , so as to make better use of the recovered heat, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can realize heating.

It should be noted that in the description of this application, the meaning of "and/or" includes three parallel plans, taking "A and/or B" as an example, including plan A, or plan B, or A and The scheme that B satisfies at the same time; then the setting of the third heat exchange flow path 51 can include the following multiple ways: 1. The inlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 is communicated with the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path, then the second After the medium in the heat exchange flow path absorbs the heat of the airflow in the first heat exchange flow path, the temperature rises and flows to the third heat exchange flow path 51, so that the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 can control the second heat exchange flow. 2. The inlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 is connected to the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and after the medium in the cold end flow path absorbs the heat of the cold end, the temperature rises and Flow to the third heat exchange flow path 51, so that the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 can recover the heat generated by the cold end; 3. The inlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 is connected to the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and the outlet end of the cold end flow path, so that the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 can recover the heat absorbed by the medium in the second heat exchange flow path and the heat generated by the cold end.

For any of the above methods, the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 is connected to the inlet end of the cold end flow path, and the heat exchange medium in the third heat exchange flow path 51 exchanges with the fourth heat exchange flow path. After the heat is completed, the temperature decreases and flows to the cold end flow path. It can be understood that the arrangement of the third heat exchange flow path 51 can also be switched between the above at least two modes.

In some optional embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is used in vehicles, and there are two fourth heat exchange flow paths 52 , and the two fourth heat exchange flow paths 52 If they are set independently of each other, the medium in any fourth heat exchange flow path 52 will not flow into another fourth heat exchange flow path 52. At this time, the use of the heat of the medium in the two fourth heat exchange flow paths 52 can be The same or different, in order to realize the flexible utilization of recovered heat. One of the fourth heat exchange flow paths 52 is suitable for heating at least one of the engine of the vehicle and the passenger compartment, which is used to accommodate the driver and passengers, and the other fourth heat exchange flow path 52 is suitable for heating Heating at least one of the battery device (the battery device may include a power battery), the motor device (the motor device may include a driving motor) and the air intake flow path of the engine of the vehicle, and the battery device may be used for heating the parts that need electricity in the vehicle Power supply, such as the motor device of the vehicle, which can be used to drive the vehicle.

Wherein, the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 is used to supply heat to other components, it can be understood that the heat of the medium in the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 can be transferred to other components to provide heat to other components.

For example, in the example shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the two fourth heat exchange flow paths 52 can be high-temperature flow paths and low-temperature flow paths respectively, and the user can heat through the high-temperature flow paths and low-temperature flow paths; when the engine waste heat recovery system When 100 is used in a vehicle, the heating area corresponding to the high-temperature flow path includes the engine and the passenger compartment of the vehicle, so the high-temperature flow path can be connected to the water side of the high-temperature cooling system, and the heat of the high-temperature flow path can be used for heating the engine and the passenger compartment. The heating area corresponding to the road includes the battery device, the motor device and the intake flow path of the engine, and the low-temperature flow path can be connected to the low-temperature cooling system (the low-temperature cooling system includes a water-cooled intercooler and an electric motor control, and a water-cooled intercooler and an electric motor control Parallel arrangement for cooling) water side, the heat of the low-temperature flow path can be used to heat the battery unit, the motor unit and the engine intake. When used in winter, the engine intake heating can prevent the engine intake pipe from freezing. At this time, the second heat exchange module 5 can be selected as a three-layer plate heat exchange weapon, which cools the inside and heats the outside. The third heat exchange flow path 51 can be formed as a heat release layer, and the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 on both sides Can be respectively formed as a heating layer.

Wherein, since the high-temperature flow path and the low-temperature flow path are set independently of each other, the heating area corresponding to the high-temperature flow path and the heating area corresponding to the low-temperature flow path are also set independently of each other; then the working modules of the two first heat exchange flow paths 52 can include The following modes: 1. As shown in Figure 6(a), only the heating area corresponding to the high-temperature flow path has heating demand. At this time, the high-temperature flow path is turned on, so that the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature flow path can exchange The medium in the hot flow path 51 performs heat exchange to increase the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature flow path, while the low-temperature flow path is cut off (that is, non-conductive); 2. As shown in Figure 6 (b), only the low-temperature flow path The corresponding heating area has a heating demand. At this time, the low-temperature flow path is turned on, so that the heat exchange medium in the low-temperature flow path can exchange heat with the medium in the third heat exchange flow path 51, thereby increasing the heat exchange medium in the low-temperature flow path. 3. As shown in Figure 6(c), the heating areas corresponding to the high-temperature flow path and the low-temperature flow path both have heating needs, and at this time the high-temperature flow path and the low-temperature flow path are respectively conducted; 4 , as shown in Figure 6(d), the heating areas corresponding to the high-temperature flow path and the low-temperature flow path have no heating demand, and at this time the high-temperature flow path and the low-temperature flow path are all cut off, and the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be in the "power generation + no heating" mode, or "no power generation + no heating" mode. Thus, the second heat exchange module 5 can heat different areas of the vehicle, so as to meet user needs and improve vehicle driving experience and ride comfort.

Optionally, in the example of FIG. 5 , the third heat exchange flow path 51 is sandwiched between two fourth heat exchange flow paths 52, so as to ensure that each fourth heat exchange flow path 52 is compatible with the third heat exchange flow path. The heat exchange area between the channels 51 is convenient to ensure the heat exchange efficiency between each fourth heat exchange channel 52 and the third heat exchange channel 51 .

Certainly, there may be three or more fourth heat exchange channels 52 .

Optionally, the heat exchange medium in the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 may be water.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a first switch valve 6 connected in series with the first branch circuit 12 for controlling the first branch circuit 12 When the first branch 12 is turned on, the exhaust gas of the engine can flow into the first branch 12 through the main road 11 to recover waste heat through the first heat exchange module 3. When the first branch 12 is cut off , the exhaust gas of the engine cannot flow into the first branch 12 , and the first heat exchange module 3 does not recover the exhaust heat of the engine exhaust. Thus, the on-off of the first branch 12 can be controlled according to the recovery requirement of the first heat exchange module 3 , which facilitates the flexible use of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 .

As shown in Figures 1-4, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 includes a second on-off valve 7, which is connected in series with the main circuit 11 to control the on-off of the main circuit 11. When the main circuit 11 is turned on, The exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the main road 11, which is convenient for waste heat recovery through the first heat exchange module 3 and the thermoelectric power generation module 4. When the main road 11 is cut off, the exhaust gas of the engine cannot flow to the main road 11, so that the first heat exchange module The thermal module 3 and the thermoelectric power generation module 4 cannot recover waste heat. In this way, the on-off of the main road 11 can be controlled according to the recovery requirements of the first heat exchange module 3 and the thermoelectric power generation module 4 , which facilitates the flexible use of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 .

For example, in the examples shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 includes a first on-off valve 6 and a second on-off valve 7 , the first on-off valve 6 is used to control the on-off of the first branch 12 , and the second on-off valve The valve 7 is used to control the on-off of the main circuit 11. The first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7 are set independently. The following uses cooling water in the cooling circuit 2 as an example to illustrate that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can have the following various functions mode, those skilled in the art can easily understand the scheme that the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 is other medium after reading the following technical scheme:

1. As shown in Figure 3, the second switch valve 7 controls the conduction of the main circuit 11, the first switch valve 6 controls the conduction of the first branch circuit 12, and the exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the first branch circuit 12 and the second branch circuit On the road 13, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can be driven and circulated by the water pump 91, so that the air side and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 are both connected, and the air side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are both connected. conduction, at this time, the first heat exchange module 3 is used to absorb the waste heat of the engine exhaust, and the thermoelectric power generation module 4 can not only realize power generation through the waste heat of the engine exhaust, but also can be used to absorb the waste heat of the engine exhaust, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 The recovered heat is more, if the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is used for heating, it is convenient to make the heating power of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 larger, and the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be in the "power generation + heating" mode.

It can be understood that the "power generation + heating" mode can be used in the working condition that the vehicle has heating demand and power generation demand; for example, when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 includes the second heat exchange module 5, the second heat exchange module 5 can realize heating, and the "power generation + heating" mode can be applied to the working condition that the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 of the second heat exchange module 5 has a heating demand and the heating demand has priority over the power generation demand.

When the heating demand decreases, for example, the second heat exchange module 5 does not transfer heat to the passenger compartment/battery/engine air intake, etc., the water temperature in the cooling circuit 2 rises, and the first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7 both Close to control the isolation of the main circuit 11 and the isolation of the first branch circuit 12, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 exits the "power generation + heating" mode, reduces the risk of overheating failure of the engine waste heat recovery system 100, and ensures the reliability of use; and when the heating demand After recovery, the water temperature in the cooling circuit 2 drops, and both the first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7 are opened again, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 enters the "power generation + heating" mode again.

2. The engine waste heat recovery system 100 can also have a "no power generation + heating" mode, that is, there is no demand for power generation in this mode. The path between the devices is disconnected, for example, the relay between the thermoelectric power generation module 4 and the power storage device is disconnected.

3. As shown in Figure 4, the second switch valve 7 controls the conduction of the main circuit 11, and the first switch valve 6 controls the isolation of the first branch circuit 12. The exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the second branch circuit 13, but cannot flow to In the first branch 12, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can be driven and circulated by the water pump 91, so that the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 is not connected, and the gas side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are both connected. At this time, the first heat exchange module 3 cannot absorb the exhaust heat of the engine. The temperature of the cold end flow path of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is lower than that of the cold end flow path in the "power generation + heating" mode. The thermoelectric power generation module 4 has relatively high power generation, and the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be in the mode of "power generation + no heating".

It can be understood that the mode of "power generation + no heating" can be used under the condition that the vehicle has no heating demand and only power generation demand; for example, when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 includes the second heat exchange module 5, the second heat exchange The thermal module 5 can realize heating, and the "power generation + no heating" mode can be applied to the working condition that the fourth heat exchange flow path 52 of the second heat exchange module 5 has no heating demand and the vehicle only needs power generation.

When the temperature of the water in the cooling circuit 2 rises (for example, the cooling power of the second heat exchange module 5 drops), the second switch valve 7 is closed to control the isolation of the main circuit 11, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 exits the "power generation + no Heating” mode reduces the risk of engine waste heat recovery system 100 overheating and failure, and ensures the reliability of use; and when the water temperature in the cooling circuit 2 decreases (for example, the heat dissipation power of the second heat exchange module 5 is restored), the second switching valve 7 Turn it on again, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 enters the "power generation + no heating" mode again.

4. The engine waste heat recovery system 100 can also have a mode of "no power generation + no heating", that is, in this mode, there is no demand for power generation or heating. At this time, the second switch valve 7 is closed, and the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 is stopped. flow, so that both the gas side and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 are not connected, and the gas side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are not connected.

Optionally, the first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7 are mechanical valves. Compared with the electronic valve, the mechanical valve has better temperature resistance, which is convenient to ensure the use of the first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7. Reliability, better suitable for the control of engine exhaust on-off.

In some embodiments, the first switching valve 6 is configured to block the first branch 12 when the temperature of the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path exceeds a first preset value, and the temperature of the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path exceeds the first preset value. When the preset value is used, it can indicate that the heat exchange power of the first heat exchange module 3 is relatively low. A branch 12 is used to make the operating state of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 meet actual requirements, and to prevent the temperature in the second heat exchange flow path from being too high and difficult to dissipate, resulting in damage to the engine waste heat recovery system 100 .

It can be understood that the temperature at the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path can be obtained directly or indirectly; When the temperature at the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path is obtained indirectly, a temperature measuring element can be installed in the downstream part of the cooling circuit located in the second heat exchange flow path to indirectly obtain the temperature at the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path .

Further, the first switching valve 6 is configured to conduct the first branch 12 when the temperature of the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path does not exceed the first preset value, so as to realize the automatic recovery of engine exhaust waste heat.

The second switch valve 7 is configured to block the main circuit 11 when the temperature of the inlet end of the cold end flow path exceeds a second preset value, and when the temperature of the inlet end of the cold end flow path exceeds the second preset value, the heat of the cold end flow path is utilized less, so that the heat dissipation power of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is low. At this time, the second switching valve 7 blocks the main road 11 so that the engine exhaust will not continue to flow to the main road 11, so that the operating state of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is in line with reality To prevent the temperature in the cold end flow path from being too high and difficult to dissipate, resulting in damage to the engine waste heat recovery system 100 .

It can be understood that the temperature at the inlet end of the cold end flow path can be obtained directly or indirectly; When the temperature at the inlet end of the flow path is obtained indirectly, a temperature measuring device may be installed in the upstream part of the cold end flow path of the cooling circuit, so as to indirectly obtain the temperature at the inlet end of the cold end flow path.

Further, the second on-off valve 7 is configured to be connected to the main channel 11 when the temperature of the inlet end of the cold-end flow channel does not exceed a second preset value, so as to realize automatic recovery of engine exhaust waste heat.

Further, in the examples shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a second heat exchange module 5 , and the second heat exchange module 5 includes a third heat exchange flow path 51 and a fourth heat exchange flow path 52 , The third heat exchange flow path 51 communicates with the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and/or the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 communicates with the inlet end of the cold end flow path. The temperature difference between the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path 51 and the temperature at the inlet end of the cold end flow path is small; at this time, the second switch valve 7 is configured to cut off the main flow path when the temperature at the inlet end of the cold end flow path exceeds the second preset value. Road 11, the temperature at the inlet of the cold end exceeds the second preset value, which can basically indicate that the temperature at the outlet of the third heat exchange flow path 51 exceeds the second preset value, indicating that the heating demand and/or power generation demand is small, At this time, blocking the main road 11 can make the operating state of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 meet the actual demand.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the first switch valve 6 has a first flow path and a second flow path, the first flow path is connected in series with the first branch 12 , the second flow path is connected to the second flow path The outlet end of the hot flow path is connected, the medium in the second heat exchange flow path can flow into the second flow path, and the first temperature sensing element is installed in the first flow path, which facilitates the integration of the first temperature sensing element into the first switch valve 6 settings, the first temperature-sensing element is used to sense the temperature in the second flow channel, the volume of the first temperature-sensing element changes according to the temperature in the second flow channel, when the temperature in the second flow channel exceeds the first preset value , the first temperature-sensing element cuts off the first flow channel so as to cut off the first branch 12 .

Thus, when the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is required to generate electricity and the cooling circuit 2 does not need to directly or indirectly supply heat to other components (such as the "power generation + no heating" mode described later), the temperature in the second flow channel gradually increases. There is no need for the user to operate the first on-off valve 6 so that the first on-off valve 6 can isolate the first branch circuit 12, and the first on-off valve 6 can independently realize the isolation of the first branch circuit 12, which improves the intelligence and performance of the engine waste heat recovery system 100. Ease of operation.

Specifically, when the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is required to generate electricity and the cooling circuit 2 does not need to directly or indirectly supply heat to other components, the second on-off valve 7 controls the conduction of the main circuit 11, and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 continues to absorb the second The heat of the gas side of a heat exchange module 3 makes the temperature of the water in the second heat exchange flow path rise rapidly, and the temperature of the water in the first flow path rises rapidly. When the temperature of the water in the first flow path exceeds the first At the preset value, the first on-off valve 6 automatically cuts off the first branch 12, so that the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 is not conducted, preventing the second heat exchange flow path and the flow connected with the second heat exchange flow path The water in the road boils.

Optionally, the first temperature-sensing element is a temperature-sensing bulb built into the first switching valve 6, such as a paraffin wax-sensing bulb.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2-4, the second on-off valve 7 has a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel, the third flow channel is connected in series with the main circuit 11, and the fourth flow channel is connected to the cold end flow channel. The inlet end of the channel is connected, and a second temperature sensing element is provided in the third flow channel. The volume of the second temperature sensing element changes according to the temperature in the fourth flow channel. The second temperature sensing element is used to sense the When the temperature in the fourth channel exceeds the second preset value, the second temperature-sensing element blocks the third channel to block the main channel 11 .

Thus, when the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is not required to generate electricity and the cooling circuit 2 does not need to directly or indirectly supply heat to other components (such as the "no power generation + no heating" mode described later), the temperature in the fourth flow channel gradually rises. High, it is unnecessary for the user to operate the second on-off valve 7 so that the second on-off valve 7 can isolate the main road 11, and the second on-off valve 7 can independently realize the isolation of the main road 11, which improves the intelligence and operation convenience of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 sex.

Specifically, when the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is not required to generate electricity and the cooling circuit 2 does not need to directly or indirectly supply heat to other components, the water in the cooling circuit 2 can be controlled to stop circulating. The heat of the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 causes the temperature of the water in the cooling circuit 2 to rise rapidly, then the temperature of the water in the cold end flow path rises rapidly, and the temperature of the water in the fourth flow path rises rapidly, When the temperature in the fourth channel exceeds the second preset value, the second switch valve 7 automatically blocks the main channel 11, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 stops recovering waste heat, and prevents the cold end flow path and the flow connected with the cold end flow path from The water in the road boils.

Optionally, the second temperature-sensing element is a temperature-sensing bulb built in the second switch valve 7 , such as a paraffin wax-sensing bulb.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the outlet end of the cold end flow path is connected to the inlet end of the second heat exchange flow path. When the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is in normal operation, since the water in the cooling circuit 2 flows from the second flow path During the process of flowing from the outlet port of the fourth channel to the inlet port of the fourth channel, heat will be provided to other components, and the temperature will decrease. The temperature of the water in the fourth channel is generally lower than that in the second channel, and the second preset value is less than The first preset value is used to make the setting of the first on-off valve 6 and the second on-off valve 7 more suitable for practical applications.

For example, in the example shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 4, a second heat exchange module 5 is provided on the upstream side of the fourth flow channel, and the water in the cooling circuit 2 flows from the outlet end of the second flow channel to the fourth flow channel. During the process at the inlet end, it first flows into the second heat exchange module 5 for heat exchange, and then flows to the fourth flow channel, so that the temperature of the water in the fourth flow channel is lower than the temperature of the water in the second flow channel.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a switch valve 8, the switch valve 8 has a first port 81, a second port 82 and a third port 83, the first port 81 and the The third port 83 is switched and conducted with the second port 82, so that one of the first port 81 and the third port 83 is conducted with the second port 82, and the other is cut off from the second port 82, and the first port 81 and the second port 82 are connected. The inlet end of the second heat exchange flow path is connected, the second port 82 is connected with the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the third port 83 is connected with both the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and the inlet end of the cold end flow path.

Wherein, when the first port 81 is connected to the second port 82, the third port 83 is cut off from the second port 82, the second heat exchange flow path and the cold end flow path are arranged in series, and the second heat exchange flow path and the cold end flow path The flow paths are all connected in series to the cooling circuit 2, and the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 circulates in the second heat exchange flow path and the cold end flow path; and when the third port 83 is connected to the second port 82, the first port 81 is cut off from the second port 82, it can be understood that the passage between the third port 83 and the inlet end of the cold end flow path will "short-circuit" the second heat exchange flow path, and the medium in the second heat exchange flow path Not involved in the medium circulation in cooling circuit 2.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the engine waste heat recovery system 100 further includes a second heat exchange module 5, the inlet end of the second heat exchange module 5 is connected to the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and the inlet end of the cold end flow path Both ends are connected, and the outlet end of the second heat exchange module 5 is connected with the inlet end of the cold end flow path. The engine waste heat recovery system 100 can have the following multiple working modes:

1. As shown in Figure 3, the second port 82 is connected to the first port 81. At this time, the second heat exchange flow path and the cold end flow path are connected in series to the cooling circuit 2, and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 conduction, and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is conductive, if the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 is conductive, and the gas side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is conductive, the exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the first branch 12 and the second branch 13, the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can be driven to circulate by the water pump 91, etc., and after flowing out from the water pump 91, it flows through the thermoelectric power generation module 4, the switching valve 8, and the first heat exchange module in sequence 3. After the second heat exchange module 5, the flow is returned to the water pump 91 again. Wherein, the installation position of the water pump 91 on the cooling circuit 2 is not limited to the inlet end of the cold end flow path.

It can be seen that the water in the cooling circuit 2 passes through the first heat exchange module 3 to absorb the exhaust heat of the engine to heat up, and then passes through the second heat exchange module 5 to transfer the heat to the passenger compartment/power supply unit/engine intake, etc. to cool down. Power generation is then realized through the thermoelectric power generation module 4 .

It can be understood that, in the above mode, the heating volume can be adjusted by controlling the speed of the water pump 91; when the switching valve 8 is a proportional valve, the heating can be adjusted by jointly controlling the speed of the water pump 91 and the channel opening of the proportional valve. The size of the amount.

2. As shown in Figure 4, the second port 82 is connected to the third port 83, so that the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 is not connected, and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is connected. If the gas side of module 3 is not connected and the gas side of thermoelectric power generation module 4 is connected, the exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the second branch 13, and the heat exchange medium of the cooling circuit 2 can be driven to circulate by the water pump 91, etc. , flows through the thermoelectric power generation module 4 , the switching valve 8 , and the second heat exchange module 5 in sequence, and then flows back to the thermoelectric power generation module 4 again.

Optionally, in the examples shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the switching valve 8 is a proportional valve (such as an electronic three-way proportional valve). The water pump 91 can be connected in series with the second circuit section 22 to drive the flow of the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 .

Optionally, a liquid storage tank 92 is connected in series on the cooling circuit 2, and the liquid storage tank 92 can store a certain amount of medium, so as to ensure that there is sufficient heat exchange medium on the cooling circuit 2, so as to ensure the recovery of exhaust heat from the engine. recycling rate.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the cooling circuit 2 includes a first circuit section 21 and a second circuit section 22, the second heat exchange flow path is connected in series with the first circuit section 21, and the cold end flow path It is connected in series with the second loop section 22.

The engine waste heat recovery system 100 also includes a first switching valve 6, a second switching valve 7 and a switching valve 8. The first switching valve 6 is connected in series with the first branch 12 to control the on-off of the first branch 12. The second The two on-off valves 7 are connected in series with the main circuit 11 for controlling the on-off of the main circuit 11 .

Therefore, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can have the following multiple working modes:

1. As shown in Fig. 3, when the vehicle has heating demand and power generation demand and the heating demand is prior to the power generation demand, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be controlled to enter the "power generation + heating" mode, and the second switch valve 7 controls the main circuit 11 to conduct The first switch valve 6 controls the conduction of the first branch 12, and the second port 82 is connected with the first port 81. At this time, the first circuit section 21 and the second circuit section 22 are all conducted and arranged in series, so that Both the gas side and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 are connected, and the gas side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are connected, so that the exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the first branch 12 and the second branch 13 , the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 can be driven to circulate by the water pump 91, etc., and after flowing out from the water pump 91, it flows through the thermoelectric power generation module 4, the switching valve 8, the first heat exchange module 3, the first switching valve 6, After the second heat exchange module 5 and the second switching valve 7 , the flow returns to the water pump 91 again. Wherein, the installation position of the water pump 91 on the cooling circuit 2 is not limited to the inlet end of the cold end flow path.

It can be understood that, in the "power generation + heating" mode, the amount of heating can be adjusted by controlling the speed of the water pump 91; to adjust the heating volume.

2. When the vehicle has heating demand but no power generation demand, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be controlled to enter the "no power generation + heating" mode, the second on-off valve 7 and the first on-off valve 6 are both open, and the thermoelectric power generation module 4 and the storage The path between the electrical devices is disconnected, for example, the relay between the thermoelectric power generation module 4 and the power storage device is disconnected.

3. As shown in Figure 4, when the vehicle has no heating demand but only power generation demand, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be controlled to enter the "power generation + no heating" mode, and the second switching valve 7 controls the conduction of the main circuit 11, the first The on-off valve 6 controls the isolation of the first branch circuit 12 and the connection between the second port 82 and the third port 83, so that the first circuit segment 21 is isolated and the second circuit segment 22 is connected, so that the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 and the water side are not connected, and the gas side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are all connected, the exhaust gas of the engine can flow to the second branch 13, and the heat exchange medium in the second circuit section 22 can be supplied by a water pump 91 and so on drive the circulating flow, and after flowing out from the water pump 91, it flows through the thermoelectric power generation module 4, the switch valve 8, the second heat exchange module 5 and the second switch valve 7 in turn, and returns to the water pump 91 again.

4. When the vehicle has no demand for power generation or heating, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be controlled to enter the mode of "no power generation + no heating", the second switching valve 7 is closed, and the heat exchange medium in the cooling circuit 2 stops flowing, so that Both the gas side and the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 are disconnected, and the gas side and the water side of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 are not connected.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the first switch valve 6 has a first flow path and a second flow path, the first flow path is connected in series with the first branch 12 , the second flow path is connected to the second flow path The outlet end of the hot flow path is connected, for example, the second flow path is connected in series with the first circuit section 21, the first switching valve 6 includes a first temperature sensing element, the first temperature sensing element is arranged in the first flow path, and the first temperature sensing element For sensing the temperature in the second channel, the first on-off valve 6 is configured to cut off the first branch 12 when the temperature in the second channel exceeds a first preset value, for example, the volume of the first temperature sensing element is adapted to the first The temperature in the second flow channel changes. When the temperature in the second flow channel exceeds the first preset value, the first temperature-sensing element cuts off the first flow channel; The user operates the first on-off valve 6 so that the first on-off valve 6 blocks the first branch 12, and the first on-off valve 6 can independently realize the isolation of the first branch 12, which improves the intelligence and operation convenience of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 sex.

Specifically, when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 enters the "power generation + no heating" mode, the second on-off valve 7 controls the main circuit 11 to conduct, and the second port 82 and the third port 83 conduct, then the first circuit section 21 Cut off and conduction of the second circuit section 22, so that the water side of the first heat exchange module 3 is not conducted, and the temperature of the water in the first circuit section 21 continues to absorb the heat of the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3, so that the first heat exchange module 3 The temperature of the water in the primary circuit section 21 increases rapidly, and the temperature of the water in the first communication flow path increases rapidly. When the temperature of the water in the first communication flow path exceeds the first preset value, the first switch The valve 6 automatically cuts off the first branch circuit 12 so that the gas side of the first heat exchange module 3 is not conducted, so as to prevent the water in the first circuit section 21 from boiling.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2-4, the second on-off valve 7 has a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel, the third flow channel is connected in series with the main circuit 11, and the fourth flow channel is connected to the cold end flow channel. The inlet end of the road is connected, for example, the fourth flow channel is connected in series with the second circuit section 22, the second on-off valve 7 includes a second temperature sensing element, the second temperature sensing element is arranged in the third flow channel, and the second temperature sensing element is used for When sensing the temperature in the fourth channel, the second on-off valve 7 is configured to cut off the main channel 11 when the temperature in the fourth channel exceeds a second preset value, for example, the volume of the second temperature sensing element is suitable for the fourth channel. when the temperature in the fourth flow channel exceeds the second preset value, the second temperature-sensing element blocks the third flow channel; when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 enters the mode of "no power generation + no heating", there is no need to The user operates the second on-off valve 7 so that the second on-off valve 7 blocks the main road 11 , and the second on-off valve 7 can independently realize the blocking of the main road 11 , which improves the intelligence and operation convenience of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 .

Specifically, when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 enters the "no power generation + no heating" mode, it can control the water in the cooling circuit 2 to stop circulating. The heat on the gas side makes the temperature of the water in the cooling circuit 2 rise rapidly, then the temperature of the water in the second circuit section 22 rises rapidly, and the temperature of the water in the second communication flow path rises rapidly. When the temperature of the water in the two communication channels exceeds the second preset value, the second on-off valve 7 automatically cuts off the main channel 11, so that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 stops recovering waste heat, and avoids the water in the cooling circuit 2 from boiling.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. The road 1 is arranged in parallel with a part of the exhaust passage 101. For example, the above-mentioned part of the exhaust passage 101 has an inlet end and an outlet end, and the inlet end of this part communicates with the inlet end of the airflow flow path 1, and the outlet end of this part communicates with the airflow flow path 1. The outlet end of the flow path is connected; or, the air flow path 1 is arranged in parallel with the entire exhaust passage 101, the inlet end of the air flow flow path 1 is connected with the inlet end of the exhaust passage 101, and the outlet end of the air flow flow path 1 is connected with the exhaust passage. The outlet port of 101 is connected.

As a result, the exhaust gas generated by the engine can be discharged through at least part of the airflow flow path 1 and the exhaust passage 101 respectively, which is beneficial to increase the flow area of the engine exhaust, reduce the exhaust resistance of the engine, and reduce the fuel consumption of the engine.

The vehicle according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes an engine and an engine waste heat recovery system 100. The engine has an exhaust passage 101, and the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine can be discharged through the exhaust passage 101. The air flow path of the engine waste heat recovery system 100 1 communicates with the exhaust passage 101, so that the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 101 can flow into the air flow passage 1, so as to recover the exhaust heat of the engine.

According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the above-mentioned engine waste heat recovery system 100, the utilization rate of engine exhaust waste heat is improved, and the energy consumption of the vehicle is saved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2-4 , the exhaust passage 101 includes a main exhaust passage 101a and an exhaust bypass 101b, and vehicles can pass through the main exhaust passage 101a and the exhaust bypass 101b respectively. The exhaust gas produced by the engine is discharged; the air flow path 1 is connected in series with the exhaust bypass 101b, and the flow path formed by the air flow flow path 1 and the exhaust bypass 101b is arranged in parallel with the exhaust main path 101a, and the air flow path 1 and the exhaust gas The flow path formed by the bypass 101b has a first inlet port and a first outlet port, the main exhaust path 101a has a second inlet port and a second outlet port, the first inlet port communicates with the second inlet port, and the first outlet port and The second outlet port is connected, and then the exhaust gas produced by the engine can be discharged separately through the flow path formed by the airflow flow path 1 and the exhaust bypass 101b, and the main exhaust path 101a; when the exhaust gas flows into the main path 11, the waste heat of the engine The recovery system 100 can recover waste heat from the exhaust of the engine, and at the same time, the engine waste heat recovery system 100 will not increase the exhaust resistance of the engine, and when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 performs waste heat recovery, it is beneficial to increase the circulation of the engine exhaust area, reduce the exhaust resistance of the engine, reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, and whether the flow path formed by the airflow flow path 1 and the exhaust bypass 101b is conducted is not directly related to whether the exhaust main passage 101a is conducted, that is to say, Whether the flow path formed by the airflow flow path 1 and the exhaust bypass path 101b is conductive will not affect the conduction state of the exhaust main path 101a, so as to ensure that the exhaust main path 101a is always in a conductive state to meet the engine exhaust requirements. The exhaust bypass 101b can be configured to be turned on when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is running, and to be cut off when the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is stopped, so as to facilitate the recovery of engine exhaust waste heat on demand, so as to prevent the engine waste heat recovery system 100 from overheating and failing. Further avoiding the situation that the engine waste heat recovery system 100 is still heated by the engine exhaust when the waste heat recovery system 100 is not performing recovery. Of course, the exhaust bypass 101b can also be configured to be always in a conduction state, and the engine waste heat recovery system 100 can be configured to control conduction on demand.

Wherein, the airflow flow path 1 is connected in series with the exhaust bypass 101b, which can be understood as that the main path 11 and the exhaust bypass 101b are arranged in series, the first branch 12 is arranged in parallel with the exhaust bypass 101b, and the second branch 13 Set in parallel with the exhaust bypass 101b.

Optionally, the inlet end of the hot end flow path of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is provided with fins, which is beneficial to increase the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 and facilitates the improvement of power generation efficiency. At this time, if the engine waste heat recovery system is connected to the exhaust The main air path will increase the exhaust resistance of the engine, resulting in higher fuel consumption of the engine. In this application, the main path 11 is connected in series with the exhaust bypass path 101b, and the flow path formed by the main path 11 and the exhaust bypass path 101b is connected to the The main exhaust passages 101a are arranged in parallel, which will not increase the exhaust resistance of the engine.

Optionally, the inlet end of the first heat exchange flow path of the first heat exchange module 3 is provided with fins, which is beneficial to increase the temperature of the first heat exchange flow path and improve heat exchange efficiency. At this time, if the waste heat of the engine is recovered The system is connected to the main exhaust road, which will also increase the exhaust resistance of the engine, resulting in higher fuel consumption of the engine. In this application, the main road 11 is connected in series with the exhaust bypass 101b and the main road 11 and the exhaust bypass 101b are connected in series. The formed flow path is provided in parallel with the main exhaust path 101a, so that the exhaust resistance of the engine will not be increased.

Other configurations and operations of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial" , "radial", "circumferential" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or Elements must have certain orientations, be constructed and operate in certain orientations, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In addition, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In the description of this specification, references to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "example," "specific examples," or "some examples" are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (11)

1. An engine waste heat recovery system (100), characterized in that it comprises: An air flow path (1), the air flow path (1) is adapted to communicate with the exhaust passage (101) of the engine, and includes a main path (11), a first branch path (12) and a second branch path (13 ), the main road (11) is connected in series with the first branch (12) and the second branch (13) respectively, and the first branch (12) and the second branch ( 13) parallel setting; A first heat exchange module (3), the first heat exchange module (3) includes a first heat exchange flow path and a second heat exchange flow path that conduct heat with each other, the first heat exchange flow path is connected in series to the Describe the first branch road (12); A thermoelectric power generation module (4), the thermoelectric power generation module (4) comprising a hot end flow path and a cold end flow path, the hot end flow path being connected in series to the second branch (13); A cooling circuit (2), the cooling circuit (2) and the airflow flow path (1) are set independently of each other, the second heat exchange flow path and the cold end flow path are both connected to the cooling circuit (2 ). 2. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 1, further comprising: The second heat exchange module (5), the second heat exchange module (5) includes a third heat exchange flow path (51) and at least one fourth heat exchange flow path (52), the third heat exchange flow path The inlet end of (51) communicates with the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and/or the outlet end of the cold end flow path, and the outlet end of the third heat exchange flow path (51) communicates with the At the inlet end of the cold end flow path, the third heat exchange flow path (51) and the fourth heat exchange flow path (52) transfer heat to each other. 3. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, the engine waste heat recovery system is used for vehicles; the fourth heat exchange flow paths (52) are two and are set independently of each other, One of the fourth heat exchange flow paths (52) is suitable for heating at least one of the engine and the passenger compartment of the vehicle, and the other fourth heat exchange flow path (52) is suitable for heating the engine of the vehicle At least one of the battery unit, the motor unit, and the intake flow path of the engine is heated. 4. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 1, further comprising: The first switch valve (6), the first switch valve (6) is connected in series with the first branch (12) for controlling the on-off of the first branch (12); the second switch valve (7), the second on-off valve (7) is connected in series with the main circuit (11) for controlling the on-off of the main circuit (11). 5. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first switching valve (6) is configured such that the temperature at the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path exceeds a first preset value When isolating the first branch (12); The second on-off valve (7) is configured to block the main path (11) when the temperature at the inlet end of the cold-end flow path exceeds a second preset value. 6. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that the first switch valve has a first flow channel and a second flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected in series with the first branch Road (12), the second flow channel communicates with the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow channel, a first temperature sensing element is arranged in the first flow channel, and the volume of the first temperature sensing element is adapted to The temperature in the second flow channel changes, and when the temperature in the second flow channel exceeds a first preset value, the first temperature sensing element blocks the first flow channel to block the first branch; The second on-off valve has a third flow channel and a fourth flow channel, the third flow channel is connected in series with the main path, and the fourth flow channel communicates with the inlet end of the cold end flow path, so A second temperature-sensing element is provided in the third flow channel, the volume of the second temperature-sensing element changes according to the temperature in the fourth flow channel, and the temperature in the fourth flow channel exceeds the second preset value At this time, the second temperature sensing element blocks the third flow channel to block the main path. 7. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value. 8. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising: A switch valve (8), the switch valve (8) has a first port (81), a second port (82) and a third port (83), the first port (81) and the third port ( 83) switch conduction with the second port (82), the first port (81) communicates with the inlet end of the second heat exchange flow path, and the second port (82) communicates with the cold end The outlet end of the flow path is in communication, and the third port (83) is in communication with both the outlet end of the second heat exchange flow path and the inlet end of the cold end flow path. 9. The engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, the air flow path (1) is adapted to be arranged in parallel with at least part of the exhaust path (101). 10. A vehicle, characterized in that it comprises: an engine having an exhaust passage (101); Engine waste heat recovery system (100), the engine waste heat recovery system (100) is the engine waste heat recovery system (100) according to any one of claims 1-8, the air flow path (1) and the The exhaust passage (101) communicates. 11. The vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that, the exhaust passage (101) includes an exhaust main passage (101a) and an exhaust bypass passage (101b), and the air flow passage (1) is connected in series In the exhaust bypass (101b), the flow path formed by the airflow flow path (1) and the exhaust bypass (101b) is arranged in parallel with the exhaust main path (101a).