CN116462600A - A kind of polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester and its preparation method, application and functional polyamide prepared - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-functionality fat long-chain diester, a preparation method, application and prepared functional polyamide. The multi-functional aliphatic long chain diester is obtained by taking castor oil derivative methyl undecylenate containing terminal double bonds as a raw material, adopting m-CPBA to carry out double bond epoxidation, synthesizing an epoxy monomer, and carrying out epoxy ring opening reaction by using amine compounds, wherein the structural formula is as followsThe diester monomer can be prepared by self-curingPolycondensation or copolycondensation is used in the synthesis of bio-based functional polyamides. The performance of the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer applied to the polymer can be effectively regulated and controlled through the functional groups, the synthesis method is simple and efficient, a new thought is provided for synthesizing the functional polyamide, the functional polyamide prepared by self-polycondensation has good elastic recovery, and the functional polyamide prepared by copolycondensation has excellent mechanical properties.

Description

A kind of polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester and its preparation method, application and preparation function polyamide

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable oil functional polymer materials, in particular to a multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester, its preparation method, application and prepared functional polyamide.

Background technique

In recent years, due to the growing environmental problems and the continuous depletion of fossil fuels, bio-based polymer materials have been used more and more due to their wide source of raw materials and easy structural modification, especially the worldwide availability of vegetable oil, and compared with petroleum resources. Biodegradable, renewable, sustainable, and low toxicity have led to a good development of vegetable oil functional polymer materials.

Vegetable oils can participate in a variety of modifications and reactions to produce various monomers and polymer precursors, especially long-chain α,ω-difunctional compounds. The long methylene sequence in α,ω-difunctional compounds makes the molecular chain softer and can impart useful properties such as hydrophobicity or crystallinity, which is of great significance in the synthesis of long-chain aliphatic polymers. At present, the main methods for synthesizing α, ω-bifunctional compounds are olefin metathesis (Le, Samart et al. Efficient Conversion of Renewable Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by Cross-Metathesis with Eugenol. ACS Omega 3, 11041-11049 (2018)), isomerization-hydroxycarbonylation (Goldbach, Falivene et al .Single-Step Access to Long-Chainα,ω-Dicarboxylic Acids by Isomerizing Hydroxycarbonylation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids.ACSCatalysis 6,8229-8238(2016)), Biotechnology Enzyme Catalysis (Lu,Ness et al.Biosynthesis ofmonomers for plastics from renewable oils.J Am Chem Soc 132, 15451-15455 (2010)) and other methods, but most of these methods have problems such as the need to use expensive catalysts, harsh reaction conditions, and difficult product separation. Therefore, how to simply and efficiently synthesize long-chain aliphatic α, ω-difunctional compounds still lacks a feasible approach.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an aliphatic long-chain α, ω-bifunctional monomer containing functional groups such as secondary amines and hydroxyl groups, a preparation method thereof, and a functional polyamide prepared therefrom. The preparation method is simple and efficient, and the conditions are mild, and the synthesized functional polyamide has excellent mechanical properties.

The present invention realizes solving above-mentioned technical problem by following technical means:

A kind of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester, its structural formula is as follows:

The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester, which uses methyl undecylenate as a raw material, epoxidizes the terminal double bond to obtain methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer, and then uses amine compounds to carry out epoxy ring-opening reaction to obtain the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester.

Preferably, the preparation method of the described polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester comprises the following steps:

S1, uniformly mixing methyl undecylenate with an organic solvent to obtain a methyl undecylenate solution; uniformly mixing 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid with an organic solvent to obtain a 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution;

S2, under ice-water bath conditions, react after mixing 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution and methyl undecylenate solution, then add anhydrous sodium carbonate to continue the reaction to obtain a reaction solution, and obtain methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer after post-treatment;

S3. Dissolving the methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer in a solvent, adding an amine compound, and performing a reaction to obtain the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester.

Preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution, methyl undecylenate in the methyl undecylenate solution, and anhydrous sodium carbonate is 11-66:10-60:5-30; in S3, the mass ratio of the amine compound and methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer is 6-66:10-22.

Preferably, in S1, the organic solvent is dichloromethane; in S3, the solvent is an alcohol solvent, and the amine compound is ammonia water.

Preferably, the alcohol solvent is absolute ethanol.

Preferably, in S2, 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution and undecylenic acid methyl ester solution are mixed and reacted for 0.5-1h; anhydrous sodium carbonate is added to continue the reaction for 16h to obtain a reaction solution; in S3, the reaction temperature is room temperature, and the time is 12-36h.

Preferably, in S1, the mass volume ratio of the methyl undecylenate to the organic solvent is 10-60g:40-240mL; the mass volume ratio of the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid to the organic solvent is 11-66g:66-396mL.

Preferably, in S2, the post-treatment includes washing the reaction solution with water, saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated saline solution, deacidifying through a perbasic alumina column, drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and rotary evaporation.

Preferably, in S3, recrystallization of the product is also included after the reaction is completed.

Preferably, in S3, the mass volume ratio of the methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer to the solvent is 10-22g:10-45ml.

The present invention also proposes an application of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester in the preparation of polyamide.

The present invention also proposes a functional polyamide, which is formed by self-condensation or co-condensation with diamine compounds using the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester as a monomer.

The present invention also proposes a preparation method of the functional polyamide, which comprises the following steps: heating 2-8 parts by weight of polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester and 4×10 ^-3 -1.6×10 ^-2 parts by weight of catalyst to melt at 88-90°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and then reacting for 3 hours; heating the reaction liquid to 98-100°C for 3 hours; then raising the temperature to 140-200°C to react into a solid state to obtain the functional polyamide.

The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the functional polyamide, which includes the following steps: heating 4-8 parts by weight of polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester, 0.8-2.5 parts by weight of diamine compound and 8×10 ^-3 -1.6×10 ^-2 parts by weight of catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere to 88-90°C to melt, and then reacting for 3 hours; heating the reaction liquid to 98-100°C for 3 hours; then raising the temperature to 135-145°C to react into a solid state , to obtain the functional polyamide.

Preferably, in the preparation method of the functional polyamide, the catalyst is anhydrous zinc acetate; the diamine compound is 1,6-hexamethylenediamine.

The advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention uses amine compounds to carry out epoxy ring-opening after double bond epoxidation to prepare a multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester, wherein the presence of functional groups secondary amines and hydroxyl groups can make it effective in polyamide synthesis. Polyamide performance regulation.

(2) The polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester of the present invention is synthesized from castor oil derivative methyl undecylenate through epoxidation and ring-opening of amine compounds. The synthesis method is simple, and the reaction is carried out at room temperature and pressure without additional expensive catalysts. The product is purified by simple recrystallization, which is simple and efficient.

(3) The functional polyamide synthesized by self-condensation polymerization of multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomers according to the present invention has good resilience, and the elastic recovery rate can reach up to 97.6% after cyclic stretching for 5 times.

(4) The functional polyamide synthesized by polycondensation of polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomers according to the present invention has good mechanical properties, and the specific mechanical property parameters are as follows: the breaking strength of the functional polyamide is 4-43 MPa, and the breaking elongation is 170-265%.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the NMR spectrum of methyl undecylenate, methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer and polyfunctionality aliphatic long chain diester in the embodiment of the present invention 1;

Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrogram of methyl undecylenate, methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer and polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester in the embodiment of the present invention 1;

Fig. 3 is the NMR spectrum of the polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 2-4;

Fig. 4 is the infrared spectrogram of polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester (DHMUA) in the embodiment 1 of the present invention and the self-condensation functional polyamide prepared in embodiment 5;

Fig. 5 is the cyclic tensile stress-strain curve figure of the self-condensation functional polyamide prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 5-8;

Fig. 6 is the infrared spectrogram of the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester (DHMUA) in Example 1 of the present invention and the cocondensation functional polyamide prepared in Example 9;

Fig. 7 is a uniaxial tensile stress-strain graph of the co-condensation functional polyamide prepared in Examples 9-13 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The test materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

Those that do not indicate specific techniques or conditions in the examples can be carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the documents in this field or according to the product instructions.

Example 1

A kind of preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester, comprises the following steps: get 60g methyl undecylenate and dissolve in 240mL methylene dichloride to obtain methyl undecylenate solution, get 66g 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid and dissolve in 396mL methylene chloride to obtain 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution. Under ice-water bath conditions, the undecylenic acid methyl ester solution and the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution were uniformly mixed, and after reacting for 1 hour, 30 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was added to continue the reaction for 16 hours. The resulting product was subjected to separate washing with water, saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated saline solution until the solution was clear and transparent. The perbasic alumina column was deacidified, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer. 22g of methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer is dissolved in 45mL of absolute ethanol, 66g of ammonia water (mass fraction is 25-28%) is added thereto, reacted at room temperature for 12h, and the resulting product is recrystallized with methanol to obtain a white powdery solid, which is a polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester; the specific reaction formula is as follows:

As can be seen from the NMR spectrum of methyl undecylenate and methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer in Fig. 1, 4.91-4.99ppm and 5.79ppm place k in Fig. 1, j characteristic absorption peak disappears completely, 2.43ppm, 2.71ppm and 2.87ppm place k ', j' characteristic absorption peak appears, shows that undecylenic acid methyl ester has been fully converted into undecylenic acid methyl ester epoxy monomer. The appearance of k” characteristic peaks at 2.44-2.52ppm and 2.67-2.73ppm after ring opening proves that the polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester monomer was successfully prepared. In Figure 2, MU represents undecylenic acid methyl ester, EMU represents undecylenic acid methyl ester epoxy monomer, and DHMUA represents multifunctional fatty long-chain diester. The changes in the characteristic peaks of carbon-carbon double bonds, epoxy groups, secondary amines, and hydroxyl groups in the figure also prove the successful preparation of polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester monomers. .

Example 2

A kind of preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester, comprises the following steps: get 40g methyl undecylenate and dissolve in 160mL dichloromethane to obtain methyl undecylenate solution, get 44g 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid and dissolve in 264mL dichloromethane to obtain 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution. Under ice-water bath conditions, the undecylenic acid methyl ester solution and the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution were uniformly mixed, and after reacting for 1 hour, 21.30 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was added to continue the reaction for 16 hours. The resulting product was subjected to separate washing with water, saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated saline solution until the solution was clear and transparent. The perbasic alumina column was deacidified, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer. 22g of methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer was dissolved in 23mL of absolute ethanol, 33g of ammonia water (mass fraction 25-28%) was added thereto, reacted at room temperature for 36h, recrystallized from methanol, and dried to obtain a white powder solid, that is, the polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester. As shown in Figure 3, the H NMR spectrum of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer prepared in this example shows a high purity.

Example 3

A kind of preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester, comprises the following steps: get 20g methyl undecylenate and dissolve in 80mL dichloromethane to obtain methyl undecylenate solution, 22g 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid is dissolved in 132mL dichloromethane to obtain 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution. Under ice-water bath conditions, the undecylenic acid methyl ester solution and the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution were uniformly mixed, and after reacting for 0.5 h, 10 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was added to continue the reaction for 16 h. The resulting product was washed separately with water, saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated saline solution until the solution was clear and transparent, deacidified by an overbased alumina column, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and rotated to remove the solvent to obtain methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer. 14.5g of methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer was dissolved in 15mL of absolute ethanol, 13.6g of ammonia water (mass fraction 25-28%) was added thereto, reacted at room temperature for 24h, recrystallized from methanol, and dried to obtain a white powder solid, that is, the polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester. As shown in Figure 3, the H NMR spectrum of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer prepared in this example shows a high purity.

Example 4

A kind of preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester, comprises the following steps: get 10g methyl undecylenate and dissolve in 40mL dichloromethane to obtain methyl undecylenate solution, 11g 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid is dissolved in 66mL dichloromethane to obtain 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution. Under ice-water bath conditions, the undecylenic acid methyl ester solution and the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution were uniformly mixed, and after reacting for 1 hour, 5 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate was added to continue the reaction for 16 hours. The resulting product was subjected to separate washing with water, saturated sodium thiosulfate solution, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, and saturated saline solution until the solution was clear and transparent. The perbasic alumina column was deacidified, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl undecylenic acid epoxy monomer. Dissolve 10 g of methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer in 10 mL of absolute ethanol, add 6 g of ammonia water (25-28% by mass), react at room temperature for 36 h, recrystallize from methanol, and dry to obtain a white powder solid, which is the polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester. As shown in Figure 3, the H NMR spectrum of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer prepared in this example shows a high purity.

Example 5

A method for preparing a self-condensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 8.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1 and 16 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 90°C under a nitrogen atmosphere and melting it for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 100°C for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 180°C for 2.5 hours to complete the reaction, taking out the product to obtain the self-condensation functional polyamide.

As shown in Figure 4, after the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer of the present invention was reacted according to Example 5, the ester group peak at 1742 cm ^-1 was significantly weakened, the newly formed ester carbonyl peak shifted to 1735 cm ^-1 after the reaction, and the appearance of the newly formed tertiary amide carbonyl peak at 1613 cm ^-1 represented a successful reaction, that is, the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer was successfully self-condensed and polymerized into a functional polyamide.

Example 6

A method for preparing a self-condensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 4.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1 and 8 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 89° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere and melting it, then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 99° C. for 3 hours, and then raising the temperature to 160° C. for 3 hours to complete the reaction, taking out the product to obtain the self-condensation functional polyamide.

Example 7

A method for preparing a self-condensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 2.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1 and 4 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 88°C under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt, and then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 98°C for 3 hours, and then raising the temperature to 140°C for 3 hours to complete the reaction, taking out the product to obtain the self-condensation functional polyamide.

Example 8

A method for preparing a self-condensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 4.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1 and 8 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 90° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 100° C. for 3 hours, and then raising the temperature to 200° C. for 2 hours, taking out the product to obtain the self-condensation functional polyamide.

The cyclic tensile stress-strain graph shown in FIG. 5 shows that the self-condensation functional polyamide described in Examples 5-8 has a high elastic recovery rate.

Example 9

A method for preparing co-polycondensation functional polyamides, comprising the following steps: adding 8.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1, 2.50 g of 1,6-hexanediamine and 16 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 88°C under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 98°C for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 140°C for 1.5 hours to complete the reaction, taking out the product to obtain the copolyamide Polycondensation functional polyamide.

As shown in Figure 6, after the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer of the present invention was reacted according to Example 9, the ester group peak was significantly weakened, and the ester group carbonyl peak shifted after the reaction, indicating that during the reaction process, the hydroxyl group partly reacted to form a new ester group, and the appearance of the newly generated characteristic peak of the amide group represented a successful reaction, that is, the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer was successfully co-condensed with 1,6-hexanediamine to form a functional polyamide.

Example 10

A method for preparing polycondensation functional polyamides, comprising the following steps: adding 4.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1, 1.045 g of 1,6-hexanediamine and 8 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 88°C under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 99°C for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 140°C for 2 hours to complete the reaction, taking out the product to obtain the copolycondensation Functional polyamide.

Example 11

A preparation method of polycondensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 6.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1, 1.254 g of 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and 12 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 89° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 100° C. for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 135° C. for 2 hours to complete the reaction, and taking out the product to obtain the copolyamide Polycondensation functional polyamide.

Example 12

A method for preparing co-polycondensation functional polyamides, comprising the following steps: adding 8.00 g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1, 1.254 g of 1,6-hexanediamine and 16 mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 90°C under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 100°C for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 140°C for 2.5 hours, taking out the product to obtain the Co-condensation functional polyamide.

Example 13

A method for preparing co-polycondensation functional polyamide, comprising the following steps: adding 7.656g of the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester monomer in Example 1, 0.8g of 1,6-hexanediamine and 15mg of anhydrous zinc acetate into a reaction vessel, putting the mixture in an oil bath at 90°C under a nitrogen atmosphere to melt and then reacting for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 100°C for 3 hours, then raising the temperature to 145°C for 2.5 hours to complete the reaction, and taking out the product to obtain the Co-condensation functional polyamide.

The stress-strain curve shown in Figure 7 shows that the co-condensation functional polyamide described in Examples 9-13 has good mechanical properties.

Table 1 is a performance statistics table of the self-condensation functional polyamide prepared in Examples 5-8 of the present invention; Table 2 is a performance statistics table of the co-condensation functional polyamide prepared in Examples 9-13 of the present invention;

Table 1

Table 2

The performance statistics shown in Table 1 show the specific elastic recovery rate of the self-condensation functional polyamide described in Examples 5-8; the performance data statistics shown in Table 2 show the specific stress and strain values of the co-condensation functional polyamide described in Examples 9-13; it can be known from Table 1 and Table 2 that this kind of polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester (DHMUA) can be used in polyamide synthesis to prepare functional polyamides with different properties.

Wherein, the specific performance test method in this application is as follows:

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Place the sample to be tested in a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment. Using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (BrukerTensor27) tester, use the KBr tablet method for solid samples, and use ATR (attenuated total reflection) for liquid and polymer samples (polymers are hot-pressed into uniform sheets). The measured wave number is 4000-500cm ^-1 .

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum Analysis ( ¹ H-NMR)

Dissolve 5-10mg of the sample in 0.5mL of deuterated chloroform and measure it with an Agilent DD2 600Hz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer.

Mechanical property analysis

The mechanical properties of the splines were tested according to GB/T 1040.3-2006, the tensile rate was 20mm/min, and the stress-strain tensile test was carried out at room temperature. Each sample of uniaxial stretching was repeatedly measured 3 times, and the average value was calculated; cyclic stretching was carried out cyclically stretching 5 times according to 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% of the initial gauge length (in Example 8, due to weak performance, cyclic stretching was performed 3 times, to 30% of the initial gauge length).

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a multi-functionality aliphatic long-chain diester, is characterized in that: its structural formula is as follows: 2. a kind of preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is raw material with undecylenic acid methyl ester, terminal double bond is epoxidized to obtain undecylenic acid methyl ester epoxy monomer, then use amine compound to carry out epoxy ring-opening reaction, obtain described polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester. 3. the preparation method of polyfunctionality fatty long-chain diester according to claim 2, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: S1, uniformly mixing methyl undecylenate with an organic solvent to obtain a methyl undecylenate solution; uniformly mixing 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid with an organic solvent to obtain a 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution; S2, under ice-water bath conditions, react after mixing 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution and methyl undecylenate solution, then add anhydrous sodium carbonate to continue the reaction to obtain a reaction solution, and obtain methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer after post-treatment; S3. Dissolving the methyl undecylenate epoxy monomer in a solvent, adding an amine compound, and performing a reaction to obtain the polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester. 4. the preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in S2, the mass ratio of undecylenic acid methyl ester in the 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in described 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution, undecylenic acid methyl ester solution, anhydrous sodium carbonate is 11-66:10-60:5-30; In S3, the mass ratio of described amine compound, undecylenic acid methyl ester epoxy monomer is 6-66:10-22 . 5. The preparation method of multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester according to claim 3, characterized in that: in S1, the organic solvent is dichloromethane; in S3, the solvent is an alcohol solvent, and the amine compound is ammonia water. 6. the preparation method of polyfunctionality aliphatic long-chain diester according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in S2, react 0.5-1h after 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid solution and undecylenic acid methyl ester solution are mixed; Add anhydrous sodium carbonate and continue reaction 16h to obtain reaction solution; In S3, the temperature of described reaction is room temperature, and the time is 12-36h. 7. The application of a polyfunctional fatty long-chain diester as claimed in claim 1 in the preparation of polyamide. 8. A functional polyamide, characterized in that the multifunctional aliphatic long-chain diester as claimed in claim 1 is used as a monomer for self-condensation or co-condensation with a diamine compound. 9. A method of functioning polyamide as described by claim 8, which is characterized by the following steps: catalysts with 2-8 multi -energy fat long -chain binary and 4 × 10 ^-3 -1.6 × ^10-2 catalysts are heated to 88-90 ° C in an inert gas atmosphere, and then reacts to 98-100; ° C's reaction for 3 hours; then heating up to 140-200 ° C to react into solid state to get the function polyamide. 10. A preparation method of functional polyamide as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: heating 4-8 parts by weight of polyfunctional aliphatic long-chain diester, 0.8-2.5 parts by weight of diamine compound and 8× ^10-3-1.6 × ^10-2 parts by weight of catalyst in an inert gas atmosphere to 88-90°C to melt, and then reacting for 3 hours; heating the reaction solution to 98-100°C for 3 hours; then raising the temperature to 135 -145°C to react into a solid state to obtain the functional polyamide.