CN116464637A

CN116464637A - Two-stage sliding vane and compressor

Info

Publication number: CN116464637A
Application number: CN202310451510.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑慧芸; 贾波; 史正良; 李业林
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2023-04-23
Filing date: 2023-04-23
Publication date: 2023-07-21

Abstract

The invention provides a two-section sliding vane and a compressor. The two-section sliding vane comprises a first sliding vane part and a second sliding vane part; the first sliding vane part is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material, and the raw materials of the first sliding vane part comprise iron powder, copper powder, solid lubricant, tungsten carbide powder and chromium powder; the second sliding sheet part is made of a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material and comprises aluminum-containing metal, graphite and silicon carbide, wherein the weight percentage of the aluminum-containing metal in the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is less than or equal to 50%. The two-section sliding vane has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, good wear resistance and antifriction, and the expansion coefficient is matched with the existing compressor component, so that the friction performance requirement of the sliding vane at an ultrahigh rotating speed can be met, the reliability of the sliding vane is improved, and the service life of the sliding vane is prolonged.

Description

Two-section sliding vane and compressor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a two-section sliding vane and a compressor.

Background

The sliding vane is used as one of important elements of the rotary compressor, the friction form is complex, wherein two large end surfaces of the tail part of the sliding vane do reciprocating inertial motion with the cylinder, and the friction form of the friction pair is surface contact; the head of the sliding vane is always tightly attached to the eccentric roller of the compressor to form a friction pair, and the friction pair is in line contact. The sliding vane commonly used in the prior art is of an integrated structure, and is made of stainless steel or high-speed steel, when the compressor runs, the sliding vane can be in high-temperature, high-pressure and high-speed impact load working conditions for a long time, wherein the linear contact position of the head part of the sliding vane is always in a critical lubrication state with oil shortage or less oil, and the load is the most serious, so that the head part of the sliding vane is most easily worn.

With the continuous development of miniaturized compressors and high-speed compressors, in order to ensure the following performance and the use reliability of a sliding vane on a piston, a sliding vane with light weight and better wear resistance is required to be adopted on a new frequency converter with higher rotation speed. The traditional sliding vane material is mainly high-strength cast iron or steel material with the density of about 7.2g/cm ³ The quality is big, and along with the rising of frequency, the super high rotational speed makes traditional gleitbretter material keep up with the motion of roller to take place to break away from and produce gleitbretter sound. In summary, with the continuous development of variable frequency compressors, limitations of conventional materials begin to develop, and it has been difficult to adapt to the requirements of rotary compressors for higher frequency and energy saving.

At present, the abrasion problem of the sliding vane head and the roller surface is solved mainly by performing Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), atomic deposition (CVD) and Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD) coating on the sliding vane to improve the surface hardness of the sliding vane, so as to reduce the abrasion of the sliding vane. However, the cost is high by adopting the methods, the binding force between the slide sheet coating and the metal matrix is small, and the long-term reliability of the slide sheet can not be ensured after the coating falls off or is worn off in a boundary lubrication state for a long time; meanwhile, the size of the friction aggravated sliding vane changes, so that leakage is increased, and the energy efficiency of the compressor can be reduced.

In order to solve these problems, patent CN110848138A discloses a sliding vane having a micro-pit structure on both sides of the sliding vane and an antifriction coating layer covering the friction side and the inner wall of the micro-pit structure storing lubricant, the lubricant in the micro-pit structure can be used as a secondary supply source to reduce friction during friction. However, the micro-pit structure needs lubricating oil at the position of the slide in the compressor for storage, so the micro-pit structure can only be designed in two side surfaces in the structure of the invention. However, since the sliding vane head is in contact with the roller line and is in a critical lubrication state of oil shortage or oil shortage for a long period of time, the micro pits cannot store oil on the head friction surface, so that the effect of solving the abrasion problem of the sliding vane head and the roller is not great. Patent CN109280818A discloses a wear-resistant antifriction aluminum alloy material, which is 60% of aluminum or aluminum alloy matrix, 10-30% of silicon carbide particles and 10-30% of hexagonal boron nitride particles. However, since the aluminum alloy with a large ratio has a high linear expansion coefficient, the linear expansion coefficient is 23.2X10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the rotary compressor, the pump body matching gap used with the sliding vane is generally in micron order, other pump body materials are generally cast iron, and the expansion coefficient is 10-12 multiplied by 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 . Therefore, the linear expansion coefficient of the material of the invention can not meet the requirement of the linear expansion coefficient of the sliding vane material of the rotary compressor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a two-section sliding vane and a compressor, which are used for solving the problem of poor friction performance of the sliding vane of the compressor in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-stage slider including a first slider portion at a head portion and a second slider portion at a tail portion; the first sliding vane part is fixedly connected with the second sliding vane part; the first sliding vane part is made of an iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material, and the raw materials of the first sliding vane part comprise iron powder, copper powder, a solid lubricant, tungsten carbide powder and chromium powder; the second sliding sheet part is made of a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material and comprises aluminum-containing metal, graphite and silicon carbide, wherein the aluminum-containing metal is aluminum and/or aluminum alloy, and the weight percentage of the aluminum-containing metal in the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is less than or equal to 50%.

Further, the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper powder, 15-33 parts of solid lubricant, 7-10 parts of tungsten carbide powder and 1-3 parts of chromium powder.

Further, the solid lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide powder and/or graphite powder; preferably, the solid lubricant includes: 5-15 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder and 10-18 parts of graphite powder.

Further, the grain size of the iron powder is 5-10 mu m; and/or the particle size of the copper powder is 3-8 mu m; and/or the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide powder is 80-100 nm; and/or the particle size of the graphite powder is 5-10 mu m; and/or the particle size of the tungsten carbide powder is 1-5 mu m; and/or the particle size of the chromium powder is 1-5 mu m.

Further, the strength of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material after heat treatment is more than or equal to 800MPa, and the hardness is 50-55 HRC; and/or the porosity of the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material is 4-8%, and the pore diameter is less than or equal to 1 mu m.

Further, the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material comprises, by weight: 45-50 parts of aluminum-containing metal, 18-22 parts of graphite and 33-42 parts of silicon carbide; preferably, the ratio of the total weight of graphite and silicon carbide to the weight of aluminum-containing metal is (1 to 1.4): 1.

Further, the linear expansion coefficient of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material was 11.5X10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 ～12×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 。

Further, the first sliding vane part and the second sliding vane part are fixedly connected in a win-win fit or buckling mode; preferably, the ratio of the axial lengths of the first slide portion and the second slide portion is (7.5 to 8.5): 1.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor comprising the two-stage slide vane of the present invention described above.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigeration apparatus comprising the two-stage slide of the present invention described above, or comprising the compressor of the present invention described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, a two-section sliding vane structure is adopted aiming at different friction conditions of different parts of the sliding vane of the compressor, and a high-strength and high-wear-resistance iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material is adopted for a first sliding vane part positioned at the head part of the sliding vane. The copper powder is added into the iron-based powder to improve the strength of the material, the solid lubricant is used to improve the antifriction property of the material, the tungsten carbide powder is added to improve the hardness of the material, the chromium powder is used to improve the heat treatment hardenability of the material, the components cooperate to enable the material to have better porosity, so that the oil storage and the oil discharge can be carried out by depending on the porous structure of the material while the high strength of the sliding blade head material is ensured, and the oil can be automatically discharged and fed according to the running temperature under the oil shortage or dry friction state, thereby solving the problem that the sliding blade head is easy to contact and wear and well improving the friction performance of the sliding blade head.

At the second sliding vane part at the sliding vane tail part, a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material with light weight, high strength and adaptive thermal expansion coefficient is adopted, wherein the SiC is used as a supporting framework to increase the wear resistance, the graphite sheet structure makes the graphite be easily adsorbed on the surface of a part to play the roles of solid lubrication and friction reduction, and the problems of poor antifriction property and poor wear resistance of aluminum alloy of the traditional cast steel can be solved by matching the graphite sheet structure with aluminum or aluminum alloy. Meanwhile, the component proportion is controlled, so that the tail material of the sliding vane has lighter weight, and meanwhile, the problem of higher linear expansion coefficient of the traditional aluminum alloy composite material can be solved, and the sliding vane and the roller are prevented from being separated under ultrahigh-speed operation.

In summary, the two-section sliding vane for the compressor has good wear resistance and antifriction performance, and the expansion coefficient is matched with the existing compressor component, so that the friction performance requirement on the sliding vane under the ultra-high rotating speed can be met, the reliability of the sliding vane is improved, and the service life of the sliding vane is prolonged.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a two-stage slider structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a metallographic structure diagram of an iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgical material according to one embodiment of the invention; and

fig. 3 shows a metallographic structure diagram of a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material according to an embodiment of the invention.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

1. a first slide part; 11. a first bump; 12. a second bump; 2. a second slide part; 21. a first pit; 22. and a second pit.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

As described in the background art of the invention, the problems of the prior art that the head of the sliding vane of the compressor is easy to wear, and the sliding vane cannot be considered to be light and has a thermal expansion coefficient, so that the friction performance of the sliding vane of the compressor is poor. In order to solve the above problems, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a two-stage type sliding vane for a compressor, including a first sliding vane part 1 at a head part and a second sliding vane part 2 at a tail part; the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2 are fixedly connected; the first sliding vane part 1 is made of an iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material, and comprises iron powder, copper powder, a solid lubricant, tungsten carbide powder and chromium powder; the second sliding vane part 2 is made of a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material and comprises aluminum-containing metal, graphite and silicon carbide, wherein the aluminum-containing metal is aluminum and/or aluminum alloy, and the weight percentage of the aluminum-containing metal in the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is less than or equal to 50%.

The conventional sliding vane is generally to carry out nitriding treatment on a high-speed steel/stainless steel sliding vane matrix, and finally, DLC (diamond like carbon) is plated, so that the process is complex, and the use cost is high. And the traditional sliding vane is of an integrated structure, and the same material is used. However, the inventors unexpectedly found that the friction forms of the sliding vane are different in each position in the research process, wherein the sliding vane head and the roller are in a boundary lubrication state for a long time, the abrasion degree is far greater than that of the two large end surfaces of the sliding vane tail, and the positions are in a low-oil or oil shortage state for a long time, so that the oil film is thin, the friction coefficient is high, and the abrasion is large. Long time, the sliding vane head can be ground down, so that the surface form and position tolerance is changed, leakage is increased, the cold energy is reduced, and even the blocking phenomenon is caused when serious.

For this purpose, the sliding vane of the invention adopts a two-section structure, and the materials of each part are selected, wherein the sliding vane head adopts an iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material with high strength and high wear resistance, and the sliding vane tail adopts a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material with light weight, high strength and expansion coefficient and better adaptation to the existing compressor parts.

The traditional iron-based powder metallurgy material can lead the matrix to contain a certain amount of lubricating oil through oil immersion treatment, and the antifriction effect is obtained by sacrificing the mechanical property of the material. However, because lubricating oil is easy to fail under certain working conditions (such as ultralow temperature, high vacuum and high speed and high load), the antifriction and wear-resistant performances of the material are reduced or even completely lost, and the parts are severely worn. Therefore, in the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material of the first sliding vane part 1, raw materials comprising iron powder, copper powder, solid lubricant, tungsten carbide powder and chromium powder are used, the strength of the material is improved by using the copper powder, the hardness of the material is improved by adding the tungsten carbide powder, the heat treatment hardenability of the material is improved by using the chromium powder, and the antifriction property of the material can be greatly improved by using the synergistic effect of the solid lubricant and lubricating oil. Specifically, in the non-operating state of the compressor, the lubricant fills the pores of the material of the first slide sheet part 1, the pores are reduced due to friction heating during operation and thermal expansion of the material, the lubricant overflows the first slide sheet part 1 covering the slide sheet head, and when the compressor is stopped and cooled, the shrinkage pores of the material are increased, and the lubricant reenters the pores of the material.

The iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material is prepared by mixing the above components and performing conventional powder metallurgy process, which is understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The metallographic structure diagram of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material of the exemplary embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that the material itself has a certain porosity, oil can be stored and discharged by virtue of the porous structure of the material itself while the high strength of the sliding vane head material is ensured, and the oil can be automatically discharged and fed according to the running temperature in an oil-deficient or dry friction state, so that the problem that the sliding vane head is easy to contact and wear is solved, and the friction performance of the sliding vane head is well improved.

The existing high-strength light-weight materials mainly comprise aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy and the like, wherein the aluminum alloy is widely applied to the fields of machinery, construction, automobiles, aviation and the like. However, the pump body gear clearance of the rotary compressor is generally in the micron order, the requirement on the thermal expansion performance is higher, the material is generally cast iron, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 10-12 multiplied by 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 While the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum-containing metals (aluminum or aluminum alloys) is about 27X 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 The large phase difference results in limited application in the rotary compressor pump body.

For this reason, the second slide sheet part 2 adopts SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material, which comprises aluminum-containing metal, graphite and silicon carbide, wherein the weight percentage of the aluminum-containing metal in the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is less than or equal to 50 percent. Because the aluminum-containing metal occupies lower proportion and the graphite and silicon carbide occupy higher proportion, on one hand, the aluminum-containing metal can make the sliding vane tail material have lighter weight, and on the other hand, the relatively lower aluminum-containing metal content can solve the problem that the linear expansion coefficient of the existing aluminum alloy composite material is higher, thereby avoiding the sliding vane sound generated by the separation of the sliding vane and the roller under the ultra-high-speed operation due to the non-adaptation of the linear expansion coefficients of the sliding vane and other parts of the compressor.

Meanwhile, graphite can be precipitated in the running process of the compressor, the graphite has adsorptivity, the precipitated graphite can be adsorbed on the surface of a rotary compressor component, the specific hexagonal crystal structure has lower interlayer binding force, and interlayer sliding is easy to occur under the action of tangential force, so that good solid lubrication effect is exerted, the friction coefficient of a sliding friction surface between the second sliding vane part 2 and a cylinder sliding vane groove can be reduced, and abrasion is reduced.

In order to increase the strength of the second slide sheet part 2, a reinforcing phase is added to the graphite impregnated aluminum to increase the strength of the material, and the conventional reinforcing phase is aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or the like, and the present invention adopts a thermal expansion coefficient of 4 to 6×10 in consideration of the strict requirement of the material of the second slide sheet part 2 on the linear expansion coefficient ^-6 ℃ ^-1 SiC of (c), as a fibrous skeleton of a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material, and a thermal expansion coefficient of about 27 x 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 Is about 6 x 10 in terms of aluminum-containing metal and thermal expansion coefficient ^-6 ℃ ^-1 The graphite of the second sliding sheet part 2 is matched with each other to realize the purposes of light weight, high strength and thermal expansion coefficient adaptation.

The SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is prepared by impregnating aluminum-containing metal in graphite and mixing with SiC, and those skilled in the art will understand that the description is omitted here. The metallographic structure diagram of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material of an exemplary embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that graphite is in a precipitated sheet form, and SiC fibers are uniformly distributed in a framework form to provide strength support in the material.

In a preferred embodiment, the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper powder, 15-33 parts of solid lubricant, 7-10 parts of tungsten carbide powder and 1-3 parts of chromium powder, and the components can enable the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material to have better porosity and strength performance, thereby better meeting the requirements of the sliding blade head on wear resistance and antifriction.

For the purpose of further improving the synergistic lubrication effect of the solid lubricant with the lubricating oil, in a preferred embodiment, the solid lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide powder and/or graphite powder; preferably, the solid lubricant includes: 5-15 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder and 10-18 parts of graphite powder, and the solid lubricant can better improve the antifriction property of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material.

In order to further improve the structural homogeneity of the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgical material, in a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the iron powder is 5 to 10 μm; and/or the particle size of the copper powder is 3-8 mu m; and/or the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide powder is 80-100 nm; and/or the particle size of the graphite powder is 5-10 mu m; and/or the particle size of the tungsten carbide powder is 1-5 mu m; and/or the particle size of the chromium powder is 1-5 mu m.

In order to further improve the strength of the material, the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material can be subjected to heat treatment, the heat treatment is not limited by means of conventional quenching, tempering, normalizing and the like in the field, and meanwhile, the hardenability of the material after heat treatment can be well improved due to the addition of chromium powder in the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material, so that in a preferred embodiment, the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material can reach the strength of more than or equal to 800MPa after heat treatment, and the hardness is 50-55 HRC (Rockwell hardness), and can better meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the sliding blade head.

The inventors have unexpectedly found during the research that if the porosity of the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material is too high, poor tissue continuity can result in reduced material strength; if the porosity is too low, the oil storage effect is poor, and the antifriction performance of the material is greatly reduced. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the porosity of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material with specific components can be conveniently controlled to be 4-8% by controlling the powder metallurgy process (such as a control method well known to a person skilled in the art of pressing parameters and the like), and the pore diameter is less than or equal to 1 mu m, so that the friction performance requirements of automatically discharging oil and reducing contact abrasion of the slider head according to the running temperature can be better met.

In a preferred embodiment, the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material comprises, in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of aluminum-containing metal, 18-22 parts of graphite and 33-42 parts of silicon carbide. The components can make the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material have better quality and strength performance, thereby better meeting the requirements of light weight, high strength, wear resistance and proper thermal expansion coefficient of the tail part of the sliding vane.

For the purpose of making the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material more compatible with compressor components in terms of thermal expansion coefficient while having lighter weight and higher strength, in a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the total weight of graphite and silicon carbide to the weight of aluminum-containing metal is (1-1.4): 1.

In a preferred embodiment, the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material has a linear expansion coefficient of 11.5 to 12X 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 . Can be used with compressor parts (typically cast iron, having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 10 to 12 x 10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 ) The thermal expansion coefficient of the sliding vane is more adaptive, and the requirements of the sliding vane tail on the thermal expansion performance are met.

In a preferred embodiment, the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2 are fixedly connected by a win-win fit or a snap-fit manner, and one or more connection points of the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2 may be provided, and when the win-win fit is adopted, the first sliding vane part 1 is accommodated in the second sliding vane part 2, which is understood by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention and is not repeated herein. In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first sliding vane part 1 has a first bump 11 and a second bump 12, the second sliding vane part 2 has a first concave point 21 and a second concave point 22, and the first bump 11 and the first concave point 21, and the second bump 12 and the second concave point 22 are in one-to-one win-win fit, so as to realize the fixed connection of the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2.

The ratio of the axial lengths of the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to different application scenes, and preferably, the ratio of the axial lengths of the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2 is (7.5-8.5): 1. Therefore, the head part can be better made to be high-strength and wear-resistant, and the tail part is compatible with light weight and thermal expansion coefficient adaptation, so that the aim of comprehensively improving the friction performance of the sliding vane is fulfilled.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a compressor, preferably a rotary compressor, is further provided, which includes the two-stage sliding vane of the present invention, which can give consideration to light weight, high strength, good wear resistance and antifriction, better friction performance and reliability, and can improve energy efficiency, and meet the requirements of the compressor for higher frequency and energy saving.

In still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a refrigeration apparatus is provided, including the two-stage sliding vane or the compressor of the present invention, where the refrigeration apparatus has all the advantages of the two-stage sliding vane or the compressor provided by any one of the above technical solutions.

Typical, but not limiting, iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy materials include, in parts by weight: 45 parts, 46 parts, 47 parts, 48 parts, 49 parts, 50 parts or any two values of the iron powder; 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts of copper powder or any two values thereof; 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, 30 parts, 33 parts or any two of the values of the solid lubricant; 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts or any two values of tungsten carbide powder; 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts or any two of the chromium powder.

Typically, but not limited to, in parts by weight, the solid lubricant comprises: 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts or any two values thereof; 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts of graphite powder or any two values thereof.

Typical, but not limiting, iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy materials have an iron powder particle size in the range of 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm or any two values thereof; and/or the copper powder has a particle size of 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm or any two values thereof; and/or molybdenum disulfide powder with particle size of 80nm, 85nm, 90nm, 95nm, 100nm or any two values thereof; and/or the particle size of the graphite powder is 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm or any two values thereof; and/or the particle diameter of the tungsten carbide powder is 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm or any two values thereof; and/or the particle diameter of the chromium powder is 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm or any two values thereof.

Typical, but not limiting, iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy materials have porosities in the range of 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% or any two values thereof.

Typical, but non-limiting, siC-aluminum impregnated graphite composites include: 45 parts, 46 parts, 47 parts, 48 parts, 49 parts, 50 parts or any two values of aluminum or aluminum alloy; 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts of graphite or any two values thereof; 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 37 parts, 38 parts, 39 parts, 40 parts, 41 parts, 42 parts, or any two values thereof.

Typical, but not limiting, siC-aluminum impregnated graphite composites have a ratio of the total weight of graphite and silicon carbide to the weight of aluminum-containing metal of 1:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1, or any two ratio ranges therein.

Typical, but not limiting, siC-aluminum impregnated graphite composites have a linear expansion coefficient of 11.5X10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 、11.6×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 、11.7×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 、11.8×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 、11.9×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 、12×10 ^-6 ℃ ^-1 Or any two values thereof.

Typically, but not by way of limitation, the ratio of axial lengths of the first and second slider portions 1 and 2 is 7.5:1, 7.6:1, 7.7:1, 7.8:1, 7.9:1, 8.0:1, 8.1:1, 8.2:1, 8.3:1, 8.4:1, 8.5:1, or any two ratio ranges thereof.

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

The schematic two-stage sliding vane structures of the following examples and comparative examples are shown in fig. 1, wherein the first sliding vane part 1 has a first protruding point 11 and a second protruding point 12, the second sliding vane part 2 has a first concave point 21 and a second concave point 22, and the first protruding point 11 and the first concave point 21, and the second protruding point 12 and the second concave point 22 are in one-to-one win-win fit, so as to realize the connection of the first sliding vane part 1 and the second sliding vane part 2. The ratio of the axial lengths of the first slide part 1 and the second slide part 2 is 8:1.

Example 1

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 50 parts of iron powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 15 parts of copper powder (particle size of 6 mu m), 10 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder (particle size of 90 nm), 15 parts of graphite powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 7 parts of tungsten carbide powder (particle size of 3 mu m) and 3 parts of chromium powder (particle size of 3 mu m) to prepare a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester (manufacturer Jinan Yihua, model MMW-1A), wherein the strength of the friction standard sample after heat treatment is 821MPa, the hardness of the friction standard sample is 52HRC, the porosity of the friction standard sample is 5%, and the pore diameter of the friction standard sample is less than or equal to 1 mu m. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material. The metallographic structure diagram of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material is shown in figure 2.

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 48 parts of aluminum alloy, 21 parts of graphite and 35 parts of silicon carbide, and a standard sample with the diameter of 6 multiplied by 25mm of a thermal expansion instrument (the model DIL 402 extreme class of Germany of manufacturers) is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃. The metallographic structure diagram of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is shown in fig. 3.

Example 2

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 50 parts of iron powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 15 parts of copper powder (particle size of 6 mu m), 10 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder (particle size of 90 nm), 15 parts of graphite powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 7 parts of tungsten carbide powder (particle size of 3 mu m) and 3 parts of chromium powder (particle size of 3 mu m) to prepare a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester, wherein the friction standard sample has strength 821MPa, hardness 52HRC, porosity of 5% and pore diameter less than or equal to 1 mu m after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 45 parts of aluminum alloy, 15 parts of graphite and 40 parts of silicon carbide, and preparing a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm, and testing the thermal expansion coefficient by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, wherein the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃ and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Example 3

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 48 parts of iron powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 13 parts of copper powder (particle size of 6 mu m), 10 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder (particle size of 90 nm), 14 parts of graphite powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 9 parts of tungsten carbide powder (particle size of 3 mu m) and 2 parts of chromium powder (particle size of 3 mu m) to prepare a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester, wherein the friction standard sample has strength 823MPa, hardness of 55HRC, porosity of 6% and pore diameter of less than or equal to 1 mu m after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 48 parts of aluminum alloy, 20 parts of graphite and 38 parts of silicon carbide, a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Examples 4 to 15

Examples 4 to 15 differ from example 1 in that the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material of the first slider part 1 has different composition, as detailed in table 1.

Examples 16 to 21

Examples 16 to 21 differ from example 1 in that the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material of the second slide part 2 has a different composition, as detailed in table 2.

Example 22

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 45 parts of iron powder (particle size 5 μm), 15 parts of copper powder (particle size 3 μm), 5 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder (particle size 80 nm), 18 parts of graphite powder (particle size 10 μm), 7 parts of tungsten carbide powder (particle size 1 μm) and 1 part of chromium powder (particle size 1 μm) to prepare a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester, wherein the friction standard sample has strength of 805MPa, hardness of 51HRC, porosity of 4% and pore diameter of less than or equal to 1 μm after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 50 parts of aluminum alloy, 18 parts of graphite and 33 parts of silicon carbide, a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Example 23

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 50 parts of iron powder (particle size of 10 mu m), 10 parts of copper powder (particle size of 8 mu m), 15 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder (particle size of 100 nm), 10 parts of graphite powder (particle size of 5 mu m), 10 parts of tungsten carbide powder (particle size of 5 mu m) and 3 parts of chromium powder (particle size of 5 mu m) to prepare a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester, wherein the friction standard sample has strength of 801MPa, hardness of 50HRC, porosity of 8% and pore diameter of less than or equal to 1 mu m after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 45 parts of aluminum alloy, 22 parts of graphite and 42 parts of silicon carbide, and preparing a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm, and testing the thermal expansion coefficient by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, wherein the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃ and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Comparative example 1

The first sliding vane part 1 is made of iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material: 60 parts of iron powder, 8 parts of copper powder, 10 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder, 15 parts of graphite powder, 6 parts of tungsten carbide powder and 1 part of chromium powder, and preparing a friction standard sample of a universal friction testing machine, wherein the hardness is 47HRC and the porosity is 8% after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

Comparative example 2

The first sliding vane part 1 iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material comprises the following components: 55 parts of iron powder, 10 parts of copper powder, 15 parts of molybdenum disulfide powder, 15 parts of graphite powder, 5 parts of tungsten carbide powder and 3 parts of chromium powder, and preparing a friction standard sample of a universal friction tester, wherein the hardness is 50HRC and the porosity is 10% after heat treatment. And testing friction coefficient, load of 200N, rotating speed of 1000r/min and time of 60min by adopting a universal friction tester, and grinding the FC300 cast iron material.

Comparative example 3

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 40 parts of aluminum alloy, 30 parts of graphite and 30 parts of silicon carbide, a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Comparative example 4

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 55 parts of aluminum alloy, 15 parts of graphite and 30 parts of silicon carbide, a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

Comparative example 5

The second slide sheet part 2 is made of SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material: 55 parts of aluminum alloy, 25 parts of graphite and 20 parts of silicon carbide, a standard sample with the thermal expansion instrument phi of 6 multiplied by 25mm is prepared, the thermal expansion coefficient is tested by adopting the thermal expansion instrument, the testing temperature is 20-200 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/s. Since the compressor is operated at a limit temperature of about 150 ℃, the material is tested primarily for its coefficient of thermal expansion at 150 ℃.

The friction coefficients of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material and the stainless steel nitriding material of the first sliding vane part 1 and the comparative example in the oil-deficient state, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material of the second sliding vane part 2 at 150 ℃ are shown in table 3.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

TABLE 3 Table 3

Compared with the conventionally used stainless steel nitriding materials, the embodiment of the invention adopts a two-section sliding vane structure aiming at different friction conditions of different parts of the sliding vane of the compressor, adopts a high-strength and high-wear-resistance iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material at the first sliding vane part positioned at the head part of the sliding vane, has better porosity, can store and discharge oil by virtue of a porous structure of the sliding vane head material while ensuring the high strength of the sliding vane head material, and can automatically discharge and feed oil according to the running temperature in an oil shortage or dry friction state, thereby solving the problem that the head part of the sliding vane is easy to contact and wear and improving the friction performance of the head part of the sliding vane.

The second sliding vane part positioned at the sliding vane tail part adopts the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material with light weight, high strength and thermal expansion coefficient adaptation, so that the sliding vane tail material has light weight, good wear resistance and antifriction performance, and simultaneously can solve the problem that the expansion coefficient of the conventional aluminum alloy composite material is higher, thereby avoiding the sliding vane from being separated from the roller under the ultra-high-speed operation. In summary, the two-section sliding vane of each embodiment of the invention has good wear resistance and antifriction performance, and the expansion coefficient is matched with the existing compressor component, so that the friction performance requirement of the sliding vane under ultra-high rotation speed can be met, the reliability of the sliding vane is improved, and the service life of the sliding vane is prolonged. Furthermore, it can be seen that the friction properties of the materials are optimal when the composition and the characteristic parameters of the respective materials are within the preferred ranges of the present invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage slide, characterized in that it comprises a first slide portion (1) positioned at the head and a second slide portion (2) positioned at the tail; the first slide portion (1) and the second slide portion (2) are fixedly connected; wherein,

The material of the first slide part (1) is an iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material, and its raw materials include iron powder, copper powder, solid lubricant, tungsten carbide powder and chromium powder;

The material of the second slide part (2) is a SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material, which includes aluminum-containing metal, graphite and silicon carbide, the aluminum-containing metal is aluminum and/or aluminum alloy, and the aluminum-containing metal accounts for ≤50% by weight of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material.

2. The two-stage sliding vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, in parts by weight, the raw materials of the iron-copper based composite powder metallurgy material include: 45-50 parts of the iron powder, 10-15 parts of the copper powder, 15-33 parts of the solid lubricant, 7-10 parts of the tungsten carbide powder, and 1-3 parts of the chromium powder.

3. The two-stage sliding vane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide powder and/or graphite powder;

Preferably, the solid lubricant includes: 5-15 parts of the molybdenum disulfide powder, and 10-18 parts of the graphite powder.

4. The two-stage sliding vane according to claim 3, characterized in that, the particle size of the iron powder is 5-10 μm; and/or the particle size of the copper powder is 3-8 μm; and/or the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide powder is 80-100 nm; and/or the particle size of the graphite powder is 5-10 μm; and/or the particle size of the tungsten carbide powder is 1-5 μm; and/or the particle size of the chromium powder is 1-5 μm.

5. The two-stage sliding vane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the strength of the iron-copper-based composite powder metallurgy material after heat treatment is ≥800MPa, and the hardness is 50-55HRC; and/or

The porosity of the iron-copper base composite powder metallurgy material is 4-8%, and the pore diameter is ≤1 μm.

6. The two-stage sliding vane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in parts by weight, the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material comprises: 45-50 parts of the aluminum-containing metal, 18-22 parts of the graphite, and 33-42 parts of the silicon carbide;

Preferably, the ratio of the total weight of the graphite and the silicon carbide to the weight of the aluminum-containing metal is (1˜1.4):1.

7. The two-stage slide according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the linear expansion coefficient of the SiC-aluminum impregnated graphite composite material is 11.5×10 ^-6 °C ^-1 to 12×10 ^-6 °C ^-1 .

8. The two-stage sliding piece according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the first sliding piece part (1) and the second sliding piece part (2) are fixedly connected by means of win-win fit or buckle;

Preferably, the axial length ratio of the first slide part (1) and the second slide part (2) is (7.5-8.5):1.

9. A compressor, characterized by comprising the two-stage sliding vane according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A refrigeration device, characterized by comprising the two-stage sliding vane according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or comprising the compressor according to claim 9.