CN116379757A - Waste miscellaneous copper refining method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a scrap copper refining method and device. The device comprises: the metallurgical furnace body is also provided with an immersed spray gun blowing opening; a fuel gas supply unit, an oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit, and an inert gas supply unit; a multi-channel submerged lance for submerged injection of at least one of a fuel gas, an oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and an inert gas into the scrap copper raw material or a molten pool thereof through a submerged lance injection port; and the space combustion nozzle is used for introducing fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the hearth. The device adopts a mode of combining submerged combustion and space combustion to carry out material melting, completes high-efficiency melting of scrap copper raw materials at the same time of material melting, has high gas combustion efficiency, has short material melting time of the scrap copper raw materials, and further reduces energy consumption.

Description

Waste miscellaneous copper refining method and device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal metallurgy, in particular to a method and device for refining scrap copper.

Background technique

At present, the scrap copper refining processes adopted by domestic scrap copper refineries mainly include fixed reverberatory furnace refining process, tilting furnace refining process and NGL furnace refining process. Among them, the fixed reverberatory furnace body is fixed, and during the refining process, the melt is basically in a static state except that the melt is stirred when the redox is blown into the medium. There are problems such as low degree of automation and high labor intensity of workers.

Both the tilting furnace and the NGL furnace body can be tilted within a certain range according to the needs of the operation, and have the characteristics of energy saving, environmental protection, safety and high degree of automation. Patent CN 101638724 B also discloses a process and equipment for refining waste miscellaneous copper by nitrogen stirring and oxygen-enriched gas. The heat and mass transfer effect of refining is improved by passing nitrogen gas stirring at the bottom, and the oxygen-enriched air is passed at the top to improve the removal of impurities. efficiency. However, the above methods only rely on space combustion, and there are problems such as large air leakage during the feeding period, relatively low temperature in the feeding area, and slow feed rate, and the fuel consumption index still needs to be further optimized.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for refining scrap copper to solve the problems of slow material rate, high fuel consumption and low thermal efficiency in scrap copper refining in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a waste miscellaneous copper refining device is provided, including: a metallurgical furnace, the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a feeding port, and the feed port is used to feed waste miscellaneous copper raw materials into the furnace body The fuel gas supply unit is used to supply fuel gas; the oxidative combustion-supporting gas supply unit is used to supply oxidative combustion-supporting gas; the inert gas supply unit is used to supply inert gas; The multi-channel submerged spray gun is arranged at the injection port of the submerged spray gun, and the multi-channel submerged spray gun is switchably connected with at least one of the fuel gas supply unit, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit and the inert gas supply unit, and the multi-channel submerged spray gun It is used to submerge at least one of fuel gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the scrap copper raw material or its molten pool through the nozzle of the immersion lance; the upper part of the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace is also provided with a The space combustion nozzle is connected with the fuel gas supply unit and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit, and the space combustion nozzle is used to feed the fuel gas and the oxidation-supporting combustion gas into the furnace.

Further, the metallurgical furnace is a horizontal furnace body, wherein the feeding port is arranged on the upper side wall of the horizontal furnace body, and there are one or more feeding ports; multiple feeding ports are at the same height along the horizontal furnace body Orientation interval setting.

Further, the injection port of the submerged lance is arranged at a position close to the feeding port of the horizontal furnace body, and there are multiple groups of injection ports of the submerged lance, and each group of submerged lance injection ports is at least two, and each group of submerged lance injection ports is provided in a one-to-one correspondence at the feeding port.

Further, the injection port of the submerged lance is arranged on the top of the horizontal furnace body and/or on the side and/or lower part of the furnace body on the same side as the charging port.

Further, based on the inner bottom wall of the horizontal furnace body, the height of the lower edge of the feeding port is recorded as H, and the height difference between the injection port of the submerged lance and the lower edge of the feeding port is recorded as h, then h/H is 0.3 ~1.

Further, the space combustion nozzle is arranged on the upper part of one end of the horizontal furnace body.

Further, the metallurgical furnace is also provided with: a slag removal port, which is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body on the same side as the feeding port and away from the space combustion nozzle; a smoke outlet, which is arranged on the top of the furnace body corresponding to the slag removal port; a copper discharge port, which is provided On the upper part of the furnace body on the opposite side of the feeding port.

Further, the metallurgical furnace is a cylindrical horizontal furnace body, and the device further includes: a supporting part, arranged at the lower part of the metallurgical furnace, for supporting the metallurgical furnace; and a driving part, for driving the metallurgical furnace to rotate.

Further, the device also includes: a first flowmeter, arranged on the feed flow path of the fuel gas supply unit; a second flowmeter, arranged on the feed flow path of the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit; a third flowmeter, arranged on the The supply flow path of the inert gas supply unit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for refining waste miscellaneous copper is provided. The above-mentioned device of the present invention is used for refining. The method includes the following steps: Step S1, charging step: loading waste miscellaneous copper raw materials into the metallurgical In the furnace; step S2, chemical material step: switch the multi-channel immersion spray gun, inject fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the waste miscellaneous copper raw material through the submerged spray gun nozzle to carry out submerged combustion, so that at least part of the waste miscellaneous copper raw material Melting to form a waste miscellaneous copper melt; step S3, oxidation step: switch the multi-channel immersion spray gun, and inject an oxidizing combustion-supporting gas submerged into the waste miscellaneous copper melt through the nozzle of the immersion lance to oxidize to obtain an oxidation melt and Oxide slag; step S4, reduction step: switch the multi-channel immersion lance, inject fuel gas, oxidative combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the oxidized melt submergedly through the nozzle of the immersion lance, so as to reduce the oxidized melt and obtain refined Copper; wherein, in the chemical material step, the oxidation step and the reduction step, the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are introduced into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle at the same time, so as to carry out space combustion to supplement the heat of the furnace.

Further, the fuel gas is natural gas and/or liquefied petroleum gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen and/or air, and the inert gas is nitrogen.

Further, before step S4, the scrap copper refining method also includes a slagging step, and discharges the oxidized slag through the slagging port; preferably, after step S4, the scrap copper refining method also includes a casting step: the refined copper It is discharged from the copper discharge port for casting, and at the same time, the multi-channel submerged spray gun is turned out of the molten pool surface of refined copper, and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is introduced, and the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are introduced into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle. To maintain the temperature of the furnace; preferably, the flue gas generated during the refining process is discharged through the flue outlet.

Further, in step S2, during the submerged combustion process, the fuel gas passing through the nozzle of the submerged lance is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5～2.5); preferably, natural gas The flow rate is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; during the space combustion process, the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1 : (1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 500-800Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1000-1600Nm ³ /h.

Further, in step S3, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas passing through the injection port of the submerged lance is air, and the air flow rate is 500-700 Nm ³ /h; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle is natural gas, and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and natural gas and The flow ratio of oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; more preferably, the terminal oxygen content of the oxidation melt is 0.8- 1 wt%.

Further, in step S4, the fuel gas passing through the injection port of the immersion lance is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the inert gas is nitrogen, and the flow ratio of natural gas, oxygen and nitrogen is (5～6):(1～2 ): (4-6); preferably, the natural gas flow rate is 250-300Nm ³ /h, the oxygen flow rate is 50-100Nm ³ /h, the nitrogen flow rate is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the gauge pressure of the injection port of the immersion lance is 0.25 ～0.4MPa; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(0.2～1.8); preferably, the natural gas flow rate is 50～100Nm ³ /h, The flow rate of oxygen is 80-150 Nm ³ /h; preferably, the end-point oxygen content of the reduction melt is <0.12wt%.

Furthermore, during the casting process, the multi-channel submerged lance is turned out of the surface of the molten pool of refined copper, and air is introduced, and the air flow rate is 20-100Nm ³ /h; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle is natural gas, an oxidative combustion-supporting gas It is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5~2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 100~200Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 200~400Nm ³ /h; preferably, the furnace temperature is 1220~ 1260°C.

Further, in step S2, when the device is a cylindrical furnace type placed horizontally, the natural gas flow rate is 200-250Nm ³ /h and the oxygen flow rate is 400-550Nm ³ /h during the submerged combustion process; during the space combustion process, the natural gas The flow rate is 500-600Nm ³ /h, the flow rate of oxygen is 1000-1200Nm ³ /h; when the device is a tilting refining furnace type, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; during the space combustion process, the flow rate of natural gas is 600-800Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1200-1600Nm ³ /h.

The waste miscellaneous copper refining device of the present invention adopts the combination of immersion combustion and space combustion to chemicalize the material, and the operation mode is flexible. Multi-functional multi-channel submerged spray guns are arranged in the key chemical material area near the feeding port. The different channels of the mouthpiece and the spray gun are fed with different gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas or inert gas, so that the scrap copper raw material can be submerged and burned. During the submerged combustion process, the heat is directly transferred from the gas to the scrap copper, which can greatly accelerate its melting process. . At the same time, use the space combustion port to feed gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas to make the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials burn in space. During the space combustion process, the heat is transferred from the gas to the waste miscellaneous copper through air heat radiation, which further accelerates its melting process and can Maintain a stable temperature and gas environment in the furnace. The device of the present invention completes the high-efficiency melting of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials at the same time as the raw materials are melted, the gas combustion efficiency is high, the time for melting waste miscellaneous copper raw materials is short, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 shows a front view of a scrap copper refining device according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

Fig. 2 shows a side view of a scrap copper refining device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the above-mentioned accompanying drawings include the following reference signs:

1. Metallurgical furnace; 101. Feeding port; 102. Injection port of immersion spray gun; 103. Space combustion nozzle; 104. Slag removal port; 105. Smoke outlet; 106. Copper discharge port; .

Detailed ways

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As mentioned in the background technology of the present invention, there are problems in the prior art such as slow refining rate of scrap copper, high fuel consumption and low thermal efficiency. In order to solve the above problems, in a typical implementation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a scrap copper refining device is provided, including: a metallurgical furnace 1, the upper part of which is provided with a charging port 101 , the feeding port 101 is used to send scrap copper raw materials into the furnace body; the fuel gas supply unit is used to supply fuel gas; the oxidative combustion-supporting gas supply unit is used to supply oxidative combustion-supporting gas; the inert gas supply unit is used for Supply inert gas; the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace 1 is also provided with a submerged spray gun injection port 102; the multi-channel submerged spray gun is arranged at the submerged spray gun injection port 102, and the multi-channel submerged spray gun is switchably connected with the fuel gas supply unit and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas At least one of the supply unit and the inert gas supply unit is connected, and the multi-channel immersion lance is used to inject fuel gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the scrap copper raw material or its molten pool through the injection port 102 of the immersion lance. At least one of the gas; the furnace body top of the metallurgical furnace 1 is also provided with a space combustion nozzle 103 towards the inside of the furnace, and the space combustion nozzle 103 communicates with the fuel gas supply unit and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit, and the space combustion nozzle 103 is used The fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are introduced into the furnace. Wherein, the injection position of the space combustion nozzle 103 is located in the furnace, not in the molten pool.

In the process of using the device of the present invention to refine scrap copper, the scrap copper raw material is sent into the furnace body from the charging port 101 arranged on the upper part of the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace 1; The submerged lance nozzle 102 on the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace 1 submerges at least one of fuel gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the scrap copper raw material or its molten pool, so that the scrap copper raw material is submerged and burned Or form agitation for its molten pool; at the same time, pass fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 arranged on the upper part of the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace 1, so that the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials are space-combusted.

The waste miscellaneous copper refining device of the present invention adopts the method of combining submerged combustion and space combustion, and a submerged spray gun injection port and a multi-functional multi-channel submerged spray gun are arranged in the key chemical material area near the feeding port, so that the waste miscellaneous copper raw material is processed Immersion combustion can realize fixed-point heat supplement at the position where heat is most needed, improve the heat and mass transfer process, thereby accelerating its melting process, greatly improving the combustion effect and utilization rate, and strengthening the stirring and heat transfer of the melt, no need to Set breathable bricks. At the same time, the space combustion port is used to make the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials carry out space combustion, which can further accelerate the melting process and maintain a stable temperature and gas environment in the furnace. The device of the present invention completes the melting of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials while feeding materials, has high gas combustion efficiency, shortens the melting time of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials, and further reduces energy consumption.

In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical furnace 1 is a horizontal furnace body, wherein the charging port 101 is arranged on the upper side wall of the horizontal furnace body, and there are one or more charging ports 101; preferably, multiple The feeding ports 101 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction of the horizontal furnace body at the same height, so as to further improve the convenience of the charging process and speed up the production rate at the same time.

As mentioned above, the injection port of the submerged lance and the multi-functional multi-channel submerged lance are arranged in the key material area near the feeding port. In a preferred embodiment, the injection port 102 of the submerged lance is arranged near the horizontal furnace body The position of the feeding port 101, and the injection port 102 of the submerged lance is multiple groups, and each group of submerged lance injection ports 102 is at least two, and each group of submerged lance injection ports 102 is arranged at the feeding port 101 in one-to-one correspondence, thereby further maintaining the feeding area temperature, increase the chemical rate, and optimize fuel consumption indicators.

In a preferred embodiment, the injection port 102 of the submerged lance is arranged on the top of the horizontal furnace body and/or on the side and/or lower part of the furnace body on the same side as the feeding port 101, and the side and/or lower part are suitable for Cylindrical furnace type, the top is suitable for tilting refining furnace type, so it can be set according to the specific model of the furnace body to ensure that the injection port of the immersion lance and the multi-functional multi-channel immersion lance are always near the feeding port during the refining process In key chemical material areas, the adaptability is better.

The multi-channel immersion lance is ventilated to the inside of the furnace body through the injection port of the immersion lance. In a preferred embodiment, the height of the lower edge of the feeding port 101 is denoted as H based on the bottom wall inside the horizontal furnace body, and the immersion lance The height difference between the blowing port 102 and the lower edge of the feeding port 101 is recorded as h, then h/H is 0.3 to 1. The above height ratio can ensure that the immersion spray gun is immersed in the molten pool, ensuring the stirring effect and avoiding cold solid materials. direct impact.

In a preferred embodiment, the space combustion nozzle 103 is arranged on the upper part of one end of the horizontal furnace body, which is more convenient for it to feed fuel gas and oxidative combustion-supporting gas into the furnace, and further accelerate the melting process of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials. It can maintain a stable temperature and gas environment in the furnace.

Timely discharge of waste slag, waste gas and refined products generated during the refining process can further improve the heat and mass transfer process inside the furnace body, provide a suitable space for raw materials to carry out refining reactions, further increase fuel combustion efficiency, and reduce unnecessary fuel consumption. In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical furnace 1 is also provided with: a slag removal port 104, which is arranged on the same side as the charging port 101 and away from the lower part of the furnace body of the space combustion nozzle 103; The top of the furnace body of the port 104; the copper discharge port 106 is arranged on the upper part of the furnace body on the opposite side of the feeding port 101.

In a preferred embodiment, the metallurgical furnace 1 is a cylindrical horizontal furnace body, and the device further includes: a support part 2, arranged at the lower part of the metallurgical furnace 1, for supporting the metallurgical furnace 1; a driving part 3, for driving The rotation of the metallurgical furnace 1 can specifically be electrically connected to the support part 2, and the rotation of the support part 2 can be driven to drive the metallurgical furnace 1 to rotate.

In order to further monitor and accurately control the gas flow rate of the refining process, so as to better control the degree of refining reaction, in a preferred embodiment, the device further includes: a first flow meter, arranged on the feed flow path of the fuel gas supply unit ; The second flow meter is set on the feed flow path of the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit; the third flow meter is set on the feed flow path of the inert gas supply unit.

In yet another typical implementation of the present invention, a method for refining waste miscellaneous copper is also provided. The above-mentioned device of the present invention is used for refining. The port 101 is loaded into the metallurgical furnace 1; step S2, the chemical material step: switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and inject the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas submergedly into the waste miscellaneous copper raw material through the submerged spray gun injection port 102 for submerged combustion, so as to Melting at least part of the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials to form a waste miscellaneous copper melt; step S3, oxidation step: switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and submerge the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the waste miscellaneous copper melt through the submerged spray gun nozzle 102, to Oxidation is carried out to obtain oxidation melt and oxidation slag; step S4, reduction step: switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and inject fuel gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the oxidation melt submergedly through the injection port 102 of the submerged spray gun, so as to Reducing the oxidized melt to obtain refined copper; in which, in the chemical material step, the oxidation step and the reduction step, the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are passed into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 at the same time, so as to perform space combustion on the furnace Replenishing heat.

In the specific refining process, the present invention first loads scrap copper raw materials into the metallurgical furnace 1 through the feeding port 101; at the same time, it adopts the combination of submerged combustion and space combustion to achieve efficient melting during the materialization period, and the materialization process is divided into In the early stage of chemical material and the late stage of chemical material, in the early stage of chemical material, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and immerse fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas in the scrap copper raw material through the submerged spray gun injection port 102 near the feeding area, so that at least Part of the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials is submerged and burned, and the mass transfer and heat transfer are enhanced through submerged combustion to improve the efficiency of chemical materials; at the same time, at a position far away from the feeding area, fuel gas and oxidation are introduced into the hearth of the metallurgical furnace 1 through the space combustion nozzle 103 Combustion-supporting gas is used to make the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials undergo space combustion, further accelerate the chemical material, and at the same time supplement heat to the furnace through space combustion to maintain the furnace temperature; obtain waste miscellaneous copper melt.

In the later stage of the chemical material, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and submerge the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the waste miscellaneous copper melt through the submerged spray gun nozzle 102, and utilize the vigorous stirring effect of the submerged spray gun to oxidize the waste miscellaneous copper melt, Oxidized melt and oxidized slag are obtained, high-efficiency melting of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials is completed at the same time as the material is melted, the combustion efficiency of gas is high, the time for melting waste miscellaneous copper raw materials is short, and energy consumption is further reduced. At the same time, fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are fed into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 to maintain the furnace temperature and accelerate the chemical and oxidation processes.

After the chemical material is completed, it directly enters the reduction process, switches the multi-channel immersion spray gun, and submerges the fuel gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and inert gas into the oxidation melt through the injection port 102 of the immersion spray gun, so that the oxidation melt is reduced and submerged. Part of the injected fuel gas is used for combustion, and part is used for reduction. A certain proportion of inert gas is added simultaneously for reduction operation, which can also improve the utilization rate of fuel gas in the reduction process, realize enhanced reduction, and obtain refined copper. At the same time, fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are introduced into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 to maintain the furnace temperature.

During the refining process, the multi-channel immersion lance injects gas submerged into the oxidation melt through the immersion lance nozzle 102, and enters the full combustion mode in the early stage of the chemical material, injects gas and auxiliary gas, and supplements heat at a fixed point near the feeding port. Targeted combustion improves the rate and combustion efficiency of the chemical material; enters the full oxidation mode in the later stage of the chemical material, mainly injects the supporting gas and performs forced stirring, and completes the oxidation of the chemical material synchronously; enters the full reduction mode during the reduction period, and feeds the gas , supporting gas and inert gas to complete the reduction, the combustion efficiency of the gas in the whole refining process is greatly improved, the time for making raw materials of scrap copper is greatly shortened, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the fuel gas is natural gas and/or liquefied petroleum gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen and/or air, and the inert gas is nitrogen, which is more suitable for actual production.

In a preferred embodiment, before step S4, the waste miscellaneous copper refining method also includes a slag removal step, and the oxidized slag is discharged through the slag removal port 104 one or more times; preferably, after step S4, the waste The miscellaneous copper refining method also includes a casting step: the refined copper is discharged from the copper discharge port 106 for casting, and at the same time, the multi-channel submerged spray gun is turned out of the molten pool surface of the refined copper, and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is passed through the space combustion nozzle 103 feeds fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the furnace to maintain the furnace temperature; preferably, the flue gas generated during the refining process is discharged through the flue outlet 105 . Timely discharge of waste slag, waste gas and refined products generated during the refining process can further improve the heat and mass transfer process inside the furnace body, provide a suitable space for raw materials to carry out refining reactions, further increase fuel combustion efficiency, and reduce unnecessary fuel consumption.

In the early stage, the chemical material is simultaneously fed with gas and oxygen for immersion combustion, which can further accelerate the melting of scrap copper. In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, during the immersion combustion process, the fuel gas passing through the nozzle 102 of the immersion lance is Natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; space combustion During the process, the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle 103 is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 500-800Nm ³ /h, The oxygen flow rate is 1000-1600Nm ³ /h. The above parameters can further ensure the full combustion of natural gas.

In the later stage of the chemical material, the ratio of oxygen and gas is adjusted to make the oxygen excessive, and the oxidation of the atmosphere is stronger. In addition to ensuring the full combustion of the fuel, it is also necessary to ensure that the oxygen in the atmosphere is excessive, so that there is extra oxygen that can Oxidize the impurities in the melt, so as to realize oxidation and decontamination at the same time as the material. In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, during the oxidation process, the oxidative combustion-supporting gas passing through the injection port 102 of the submerged spray gun is air, and the air The flow rate is 500-700Nm ³ /h; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle 103 is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 200 ~300Nm ³ /h, the oxygen flow rate is 400-600Nm ³ /h; more preferably, the end point oxygen content of the oxidation melt is 0.8-1wt%, and the oxygen content can be measured by an oxygen analyzer.

During the reduction period, adjust the oxygen-fuel ratio of the submerged combustion so that the natural gas used as fuel is excessive, and at the same time reduce the oxygen concentration of the supporting gas to achieve reduction. The oxidative property of the overall atmosphere should not be too strong, otherwise it will affect the effect of reduction. The theoretical oxygen demand required for full combustion of gas to ensure that there is excess natural gas to reduce the melt. In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the fuel gas passing through the injection port 102 of the immersion lance is natural gas, the oxidative combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the inert gas is nitrogen, and the flow ratio of natural gas, oxygen and nitrogen is (5～ 6): (1-2): (4-6); preferably, the natural gas flow rate is 250-300Nm ³ /h, the oxygen flow rate is 50-100Nm ³ /h, the nitrogen flow rate is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the immersion spray gun The gauge pressure of the injection port 102 is 0.25～0.4MPa; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle 103 is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(0.2～1.8); preferably, natural gas The flow rate is 50-100 Nm ³ /h, and the oxygen flow rate is 80-150 Nm ³ /h; preferably, the end-point oxygen content of the reduction melt is <0.12wt%.

In a preferred embodiment, during the casting process, it is necessary to control the weak oxidizing state of the overall atmosphere. Under the condition of ensuring the casting temperature, the oxygen content in the melt cannot be increased too fast, otherwise the casting product will be unqualified . At this time, the multi-channel immersion lance is turned out of the surface of the molten pool of refined copper, and air is introduced to maintain the lowest ventilation rate, and the air flow rate is 20-100Nm ³ /h; the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle 103 is natural gas, which is oxidative and combustion-supporting The gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 100-200Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 200-400Nm ³ /h, so as to provide a heat source to maintain the furnace temperature, Preferably, the furnace temperature is 1220-1260°C.

In the specific refining production process, the gas flow parameters of the melting process in the early stage of the chemical material can be set according to different metallurgical furnace furnace types. In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, when the metallurgical furnace 1 in the device is placed horizontally For the cylindrical furnace type, during the submerged combustion process, the natural gas flow rate is 200-250Nm ³ /h, and the oxygen flow rate is 400-550Nm ³ /h; during the space combustion process, the natural gas flow rate is 500-600Nm ³ /h, and the oxygen flow rate is 1000～1200Nm ³ /h; when the metallurgical furnace 1 in the device is a tilting refining furnace type, the natural gas flow rate is 200～300Nm ³ /h and the oxygen flow rate is 400～600Nm ³ /h during the submerged combustion process; , the flow rate of natural gas is 600-800Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1200-1600Nm ³ /h. The above parameters can increase the feed rate more targetedly, improve the combustion efficiency, and have better adaptability.

The present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific examples, and these examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1: Furnace body form: horizontal cylindrical furnace type;

Multi-channel submerged spray gun form: side blowing + bottom blowing;

Space combustion burner installation position: end wall;

Production capacity: each furnace produces 350t of refined copper/furnace, and the furnace body is equipped with 4 multi-channel immersion lances and one space combustion burner; the main parameters of a single multi-channel immersion lance device are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Air supply capacity Nm ³ /h Air supply pressurekPa natural gas 100～300 400～600 oxygen 200～500 400～800 Nitrogen 100～300 400～800 compressed air 400～800 400～800

a charging: add and load solid scrap copper materials from the feeding port 101 into the rotatable metallurgical furnace 1 with feeding equipment;

b Chemical material: In the early stage of chemical material, adopt the combination of submerged combustion and space combustion, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and inject natural gas and oxygen into the scrap copper raw material for immersion through submerged nozzle 102 of the submerged spray gun near the feeding area Combustion; at the same time, pass natural gas and oxygen into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 at a position away from the feeding area for space combustion, and supplement heat to the furnace;

c Oxidation: switch the multi-channel immersion spray gun at the later stage of the chemical material, and immerse the compressed air through the injection port 102 of the immersion spray gun; at the same time, feed natural gas and oxygen through the space combustion nozzle 103, and adjust the ratio of oxygen to natural gas to make the oxygen excessive and make the Oxidize the waste miscellaneous copper melt to obtain oxidized melt and oxidized slag, and control the oxygen content of the oxidized melt to be 0.8-1%;

d Slagging: discharge the oxidized slag produced in the oxidation process from the furnace through the slag removal port 104 one or more times;

e reduction: adjust the fuel gas of the space combustion nozzle 103 to the lower limit, feed in natural gas and oxygen, adjust the ratio of natural gas, oxygen and nitrogen to the multi-channel submerged spray gun, control the pressure at the gas inlet of the nozzle to 0.25-0.4MPa (gauge pressure), and immerse the combustion Part of the injected gas is used for combustion and part for reduction;

f Casting: After the reduction period is over, enter the casting period, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun to low-load mode, turn the spray gun out or raise the surface of the molten pool, pass the minimum compressed air into the spray gun, and maintain the furnace dimension through the space combustion nozzle 103 1220～1260℃, and the oxygen content of the melt is <0.12%.

The gas flow parameters during the refining process are shown in Table 2. The chemical time is 8-10 hours.

Table 2

Example 2

Furnace body form: tilting refining furnace type;

Multi-channel immersion spray gun form: top insertion (movable), vertical lift of the immersion spray gun;

Space combustion burner installation position: end wall;

Production capacity: each furnace produces 350t of refined copper/furnace, and the furnace body is equipped with 4 multi-channel submerged spray guns and a space combustion burner.

The main parameters of the single multi-channel submerged spray gun device are the same as in Embodiment 1.

a charging: add and load solid scrap copper materials from the feeding port 101 into the rotatable metallurgical furnace 1 with feeding equipment;

b Chemical material: In the early stage of chemical material, adopt the combination of submerged combustion and space combustion, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun, and inject natural gas and oxygen into the scrap copper raw material for immersion through submerged nozzle 102 of the submerged spray gun near the feeding area Combustion; at the same time, pass natural gas and oxygen into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle 103 at a position away from the feeding area for space combustion, and supplement heat to the furnace;

c Oxidation: switch the multi-channel immersion spray gun at the later stage of the chemical material, and immerse the compressed air through the injection port 102 of the immersion spray gun; at the same time, feed natural gas and oxygen through the space combustion nozzle 103, and adjust the ratio of oxygen to natural gas to make the oxygen excessive and make the Oxidize the waste miscellaneous copper melt to obtain oxidized melt and oxidized slag, and control the oxygen content of the oxidized melt to be 0.8-1%;

d Slagging: discharge the oxidized slag produced in the oxidation process from the furnace through the slag removal port 104 one or more times;

e reduction: adjust the fuel gas of the space combustion nozzle 103 to the lower limit, feed in natural gas and oxygen, adjust the ratio of natural gas, oxygen and nitrogen to the multi-channel submerged spray gun, control the pressure at the gas inlet of the nozzle to 0.25-0.4MPa (gauge pressure), and immerse the combustion Part of the injected gas is used for combustion and part for reduction;

f Casting: After the reduction period is over, enter the casting period, switch the multi-channel submerged spray gun to low-load mode, turn the spray gun out or raise the surface of the molten pool, pass the minimum compressed air into the spray gun, and maintain the furnace dimension through the space combustion nozzle 103 1220～1260℃, and the oxygen content of the melt is <0.12%.

The gas flow parameters during the refining process are shown in Table 3. The chemical time is 10-12 hours.

table 3

Comparative example 1

The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that there is no multi-channel submerged spray gun, and natural gas, oxygen and compressed air enter the furnace body from the space combustion nozzle; nitrogen channels are set at the bottom to form agitation for the melt in the furnace body. The chemical time is 12 to 14 hours.

It can be seen from the above that, compared with the comparative examples, the waste miscellaneous copper refining devices of the various embodiments of the present invention adopt the combination of immersion combustion and space combustion to chemicalize the material, the operation mode is flexible, and they are arranged in the key chemical material area near the feeding port A multi-functional multi-channel submerged spray gun is developed. Through the nozzle of the submerged spray gun, different channels of the spray gun are fed with different gas, oxidizing combustion-supporting gas or inert gas, so that the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials are submerged and burned. During the submerged combustion process, heat is transferred from the gas Passing directly to scrap copper can greatly speed up its melting process. At the same time, use the space combustion port to feed gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas to make the waste miscellaneous copper raw materials burn in space. During the space combustion process, the heat is transferred from the gas to the waste miscellaneous copper through air heat radiation, which further accelerates its melting process and can Maintain a stable temperature and gas environment in the furnace. The device of the present invention completes the high-efficiency melting of waste miscellaneous copper raw materials at the same time as the raw materials are melted, the gas combustion efficiency is high, the time for melting waste miscellaneous copper raw materials is short, and the energy consumption is further reduced.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. A scrap copper refining device, characterized in that it comprises: A metallurgical furnace (1), the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a charging port (101), and the charging port (101) is used to feed scrap copper raw materials into the furnace body; a fuel gas supply unit for supplying fuel gas; An oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit, used for supplying an oxidizing combustion-supporting gas; an inert gas supply unit for supplying inert gas; The furnace body of the metallurgical furnace (1) is also provided with an injection port (102) of a submerged lance; A multi-channel immersion lance, arranged at the injection port (102) of the immersion lance, the multi-channel immersion lance is switchably connected to the fuel gas supply unit, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit and the inert gas supply unit At least one of them is connected, and the multi-channel submerged lance is used to inject the fuel gas, the oxidizing at least one of a combustion-supporting gas and the inert gas; The upper part of the furnace body of the metallurgical furnace (1) is also provided with a space combustion nozzle (103) facing the interior of the furnace, and the space combustion nozzle (103) is connected to the fuel gas supply unit and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit In general, the space combustion nozzle (103) is used to pass the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the furnace. 2. The waste miscellaneous copper refining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the metallurgical furnace (1) is a horizontal furnace body, wherein the charging port (101) is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal furnace body On the upper side wall, there are one or more feeding ports (101); multiple feeding ports (101) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction of the horizontal furnace body at the same height. 3. The waste miscellaneous copper refining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the injection port (102) of the submerged lance is arranged at a position close to the charging port (101) of the horizontal furnace body, and the There are multiple groups of injection ports (102) of the submerged lance, and there are at least two injection ports (102) of the submerged lance in each group. ) place. 4. The scrap copper refining device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the injection port (102) of the submerged lance is arranged on the top of the horizontal furnace body and/or at the charging port (101) Furnace side and/or lower part on the same side. 5. The scrap copper refining device according to claim 4, characterized in that, taking the inner bottom wall of the horizontal furnace body as a benchmark, the height of the lower edge of the charging port (101) is denoted as H, and the The height difference between the injection port (102) of the immersion lance and the lower edge of the feeding port (101) is denoted as h, and h/H is 0.3-1. 6. The waste miscellaneous copper refining device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the space combustion nozzle (103) is arranged on the upper part of one end of the horizontal furnace body. 7. The miscellaneous copper refining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the metallurgical furnace (1) is also provided with: The slag removal port (104) is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body on the same side as the charging port (101) and away from the space combustion nozzle (103); The smoke outlet (105) is arranged on the top of the furnace body corresponding to the slag removal port (104); The copper discharge port (106) is arranged on the upper part of the furnace body opposite to the charging port (101). 8. The scrap copper refining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the metallurgical furnace (1) is a cylindrical horizontal furnace body, and the device also includes: a support part (2), arranged at the lower part of the metallurgical furnace (1), for supporting the metallurgical furnace (1); The driving part (3) is used to drive the metallurgical furnace (1) to rotate. 9. The scrap copper refining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the device further comprises: a first flowmeter arranged on the feed flow path of the fuel gas supply unit; The second flow meter is arranged on the feed flow path of the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas supply unit; The third flow meter is arranged on the feed flow path of the inert gas supply unit. 10. A method for refining waste miscellaneous copper, characterized in that the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used for refining, said method comprising the following steps: Step S1, charging step: loading waste miscellaneous copper raw materials into the metallurgical furnace (1) through the feeding port (101); Step S2, materialization step: switch the multi-channel immersion lance, inject fuel gas and oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the waste miscellaneous copper raw material through the immersion lance nozzle (102) for immersion combustion, so that at least part of the The waste miscellaneous copper raw material is melted to form a waste miscellaneous copper melt; Step S3, oxidation step: switching the multi-channel immersion lance, submergingly injecting the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas into the scrap copper melt through the injection port (102) of the immersion lance to carry out oxidation to obtain oxidized Melt and oxide dross; Step S4, reduction step: switch the multi-channel immersion lance, and inject the fuel gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas and the inert gas into the oxidation melt through the nozzle (102) of the immersion lance gas to reduce said oxidized melt to obtain refined copper; Wherein, in the chemical material step, the oxidation step and the reduction step, the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are passed into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle (103) at the same time, so as to Carry out space combustion to supplement the heat of the furnace. 11. The scrap copper refining method according to claim 10, wherein the fuel gas is natural gas and/or liquefied petroleum gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen and/or air, and the inert gas is nitrogen. 12. the scrap copper refining method according to claim 11, is characterized in that, Before the step S4, the copper scrap refining method further includes a slag removal step, and the oxidized slag is discharged through the slag removal port (104); Preferably, after the step S4, the copper scrap refining method further includes a casting step: the refined copper is discharged from the copper discharge port (106) for casting, and at the same time, the multi-channel submerged spray gun is turned out The surface of the molten pool of the refined copper is fed into the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas, and the fuel gas and the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas are passed into the furnace through the space combustion nozzle (103) to maintain the furnace temperature; Preferably, the flue gas produced in the refining process is discharged through the flue outlet (105). 13. The method for refining scrap copper according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, in the step S2, During the submerged combustion process, the fuel gas passing through the injection port (102) of the submerged lance is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); Preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; In the space combustion process, the fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle (103) is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5-2.5); preferably Generally, the flow rate of natural gas is 500-800Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1000-1600Nm ³ /h. 14. The method for refining scrap copper according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, in the step S3, The oxidizing combustion-supporting gas passing through the injection port (102) of the submerged lance is air, and the air flow rate is 500-700Nm ³ /h; The fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle (103) is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5～2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 200～ 300Nm ³ /h, oxygen flow rate is 400～600Nm ³ /h; More preferably, the terminal oxygen content of the oxidation melt is 0.8-1 wt%. 15. The method for refining scrap copper according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, in the step S4, The fuel gas passing through the injection port (102) of the submerged lance is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the inert gas is nitrogen, and the flow ratio of natural gas, oxygen and nitrogen is (5～6): (1～2): (4～6); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 250～300Nm ³ /h, the flow rate of oxygen is 50～100Nm ³ /h, the flow rate of nitrogen is 200～300Nm ³ /h, and the submerged lance sprays The gauge pressure of the mouthpiece (102) is 0.25-0.4MPa; The fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle (103) is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(0.2～1.8); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 50～ 100Nm ³ /h, oxygen flow rate is 80～150Nm ³ /h; Preferably, the end point oxygen content of the reducing melt is <0.12 wt%. 16. The method for refining waste miscellaneous copper according to claim 12, characterized in that, in the casting process, the multi-channel submerged spray gun is turned out of the molten pool surface of the refined copper, and air is introduced, and the air flow rate 20～100Nm ³ /h; The fuel gas passing through the space combustion nozzle (103) is natural gas, the oxidizing combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the flow ratio of natural gas and oxygen is 1:(1.5～2.5); preferably, the flow rate of natural gas is 100～2.5 200Nm ³ /h, the oxygen flow rate is 200～400Nm ³ /h; Preferably, the furnace temperature is 1220-1260°C. 17. The method for refining scrap copper according to claim 13, characterized in that, in the step S2, When the device is a cylindrical furnace type placed horizontally, During the submerged combustion process, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-250Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-550Nm ³ /h; During the space combustion process, the flow rate of natural gas is 500-600Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1000-1200Nm ³ /h; When the device is a tilting refining furnace type, During the submerged combustion process, the flow rate of natural gas is 200-300Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 400-600Nm ³ /h; During the space combustion process, the flow rate of natural gas is 600-800Nm ³ /h, and the flow rate of oxygen is 1200-1600Nm ³ /h.

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