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CN116135825B - 一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法 - Google Patents

一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法 Download PDF

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CN116135825B
CN116135825B CN202111361779.6A CN202111361779A CN116135825B CN 116135825 B CN116135825 B CN 116135825B CN 202111361779 A CN202111361779 A CN 202111361779A CN 116135825 B CN116135825 B CN 116135825B
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胡向平
胡信虎
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2‑取代四氢喹啉的方法,该手性2‑取代四氢喹啉化合物的制备方法为:在充满氮气的手套箱内,将Ni(OAc)2与手性苯基骨架膦‑亚磷酰胺酯配体溶于无水三氟乙醇,室温下搅拌1小时,生成镍催化剂。加入底物2‑取代喹啉,将其置于反应釜中,于一定的反应压力下氢化反应。慢慢释放氢气,除去溶剂后用硅胶柱分离得到产物手性2‑取代四氢喹啉。本发明所述的镍催化2‑取代喹啉的不对称氢化制备手性2‑取代四氢喹啉的反应具有条件温和、催化剂廉价、易于操作,且产物的对映选择性高等优点。

Description

一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法。
背景技术
手性四氢喹啉及衍生物是化学品、制药、生物合成中重要的中间体,在生物碱研究中起着至关重要的作用。最简洁、方便的合成手性四氢喹啉的方法是直接喹啉衍生物的不对称氢化。它是在手性催化剂及其他助剂的帮助下,使喹啉衍生物直接氢化生成手性四氢喹啉衍生物类化合物。近些年,关于有机小分子催化喹啉衍生物的不对称转移氢化已有很大的进展,而关于金属催化不对称氢化喹啉衍生物的报道很少。2009年,周永贵团队(D.–W.Wang,X.-B.Wang,D.–S.Wang,S.–M.Lu,Y.–G.Zhou,Y.–X.Li.J.Org.Chem.2009,74,2780)利用(S)-MeO-BiPhep配体与环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体成功催化不对称氢化喹啉衍生物合成手性四氢喹啉衍生物,取得了最高96%的对映选择性。2011年,范青华团队(T.L.Wang,L.–G.Zhou,Z.W.Li,F.Chen,Z.Y.Ding,Y.M..He,Q.–H.Fan,J.F.Xiang,Z.–X.Yu,AlbertS.C.Chan.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2011,133,9878)利用手性阳离子钌催化不对称氢化喹啉衍生物合成手性四氢喹啉衍生物,取得了最高99%的对映选择性。与贵金属催化喹啉化合物不对称氢化相比,非贵金属催化亚胺的不对氢化由于催化活性总体上偏低,因而其发展相对缓慢。2019年,张万斌等在链状酮和苯并酮的叔丁基磺酰酮亚胺的不对称氢化中取得了突破性的进展,以中等到优秀的对映选择性得到一系列手性叔丁基磺酰胺产物(B.Li,J.Chen,Z.Zhang,I.D.Gridnev,W.Zhang,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2019,58,7329)。随后,张绪穆课题组相继报道了镍催化亚胺类化合物的不对称氢化[a)Y.Liu,Z.Yi,X.Tan,X.-Q.Dong,X.Zhang.iScience 2019,19,63;b)X.Zhao,F.Zhang,K.Liu,X.Zhang,H.Lv.Org.Lett.2019,21,8966.]。近来,我们发展的膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体在铱催化2,3-二取代喹啉不对称氢化中有着优异的表现(X.-H.Hu,X.-P.Hu,Org.Lett.,2019,21,10003-10006)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种镍/膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体催化2-取代喹啉的不对称氢化反应制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法。
一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法;该方法以2-取代喹啉化合物为原料,Ni(OAc)2/手性苯基骨架膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体(L)为催化剂,制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉化合物,
所述的反应方程式如下:
所述的酮化合物I,醇化合物II,结构如下式:
其中,R1为C1-C10的链状烷基,环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基或带有取代基的环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基,苯基及取代苯基,苄基及取代苄基,含一个或二个以上氧、硫、氮原子中的一种或二种以上的五元或六元杂环芳香基团中的一种;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、硝基、酯基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
R2为C1-C10的链状烷基、环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基或带有取代基的环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基、苯基及取代苯基、苄基及取代苄基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)中的一种或二种以上;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、硝基、酯基或氰基中的一种或二种以上,R2个数为1。
所述的手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体(L),其结构如下式:
式中:
式中:R1、R2分别为H、C1-C10的链状烷基、环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基、苯基及取代苯基、苄基及取代苄基中的一种;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、硝基、酯基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
Ar为苯基或取代苯基;所述苯基上的取代基为C1-C10链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、硝基、酯基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
X基团为:手性含或不含N、S、O、P等中的一种或二种以上官能团的联苯、联萘或四氢联萘类芳香基团中的一种。
该方法的具体步骤为:在充满氮气的手套箱中,将Ni(OAc)2和手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体(L)溶于无水溶剂,室温下搅拌0.5-2小时;加入底物2-取代喹啉化合物,将其置于反应釜中,氢气置换3次,然后通入氢气,加热到指定温度反应;慢慢释放氢气,除去溶剂后用硅胶柱分离得到产物,以上反应物按摩尔比Ni(OAc)2:L:2-取代喹啉=1:1~2:100~1000。
所述的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇中的一种或两种以上,优选为三氟乙醇。
所述氢化反应压力为20-80大气压,优选50大气压。
所述氢化反应温度为20-100℃,优选50℃。
所述氢化反应时间为12-36小时,优选24小时。
所述柱层析洗脱剂参数为体积比石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1-50:1,优选为10:1。
本发明的有益效果和优势:
本发明所述的镍催化2-取代喹啉的不对称氢化反应制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的反应具有条件温和、催化剂廉价、易于操作,且产物的对映选择性高等优点。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中产物II-a的核磁氢谱;
图2是实施例1中产物II-a的核磁碳谱。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。核磁共振是通过Bruker核磁共振仪测定,高效液相色谱(HPLC)是通过Agilent 1100系列高效液相色谱测定。
实施例1
在充满氮气的手套箱中,将Ni(OAc)2(0.18mg,0.001mmol)和手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体L1(0.74mg,0.0011mmol)溶于无水三氟乙醇(1.0mL),室温下搅拌1小时。加入底物2-苯基喹啉I-a(20.5mg,0.1mmol)和无水三氟乙醇(1.0mL),将其置于高压反应釜中,氢气置换3次,然后通入氢气至50个大气压,50℃下反应24小时。慢慢释放氢气,除去溶剂后用硅胶柱(洗脱剂参数为体积比石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)分离得到产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a。98%收率,93%ee。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25(dt,J=14.9,7.3Hz,4H),7.17(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),6.90(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.54(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.30(dd,J=9.2,3.0Hz,1H),3.88(bs,1H),2.80(ddd,J=16.1,10.6,5.4Hz,1H),2.61(dt,J=16.3,4.7Hz,1H),2.00(ddd,J=12.9,8.5,4.5Hz,1H),1.94–1.80(m,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ144.89(d,J=10.6Hz),129.40(s),128.68(s),127.54(s),127.01(s),126.66(s),120.96(s),117.26(s),114.09(s),56.34(s),31.09(s),26.48(s).HPLC(Chiralcel OD-H,n-hexane/i-PrOH=80/20,1.0mL/min,254nm,40℃):tR(major)=7.1min,tR(minor)=8.7min.
该类化合物是合成生物碱如angustureine、cuspareine的重要的中间体,参考文献(I.Jacquemond-Collet,J.M.Bessiere,S.Hannedouche,C.Bertrand,I.Fouraste,C.Moulis,Phytochem.Anal.2001,12,312-319)
化合物II-a的核磁氢谱如图1所示。
化合物L1、I-a和II-a的结构分别如下:
实施例2
将配体L1替换为L2,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,98%收率,62%ee。
配体L2的结构如下:
实施例3
将配体L1替换为L3,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,74%ee。
配体L3的结构如下:
实施例4
将配体L1替换为L4,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,49%ee。
配体L4的结构如下:
实施例5
将配体L1替换为L5,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,80%ee。
配体L5的结构如下:
实施例6
将配体L1替换为L6,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,75%ee。
配体L6的结构如下:
实施例7
将配体L1替换为L7,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,93%收率,78%ee。
配体L7的结构如下:
实施例8
将配体L1替换为L8,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,58%收率,52%ee。
配体L8的结构如下:
实施例9
将配体L1替换为L9,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,70%ee。
配体L9的结构如下:
实施例10
将配体L1替换为L10,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,98%收率,80%ee。
配体L10的结构如下:
实施例11
将配体L1替换为L11,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,85%收率,56%ee。
配体L11的结构如下:
实施例12
将配体L1替换为L12,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,85%收率,73%ee。
配体L12的结构如下:
实施例13
将氢气压力改为20大气压,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,58%收率,82%ee。
实施例14
将氢气压力改为80大气压,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,98%收率,92%ee。
实施例15
将温度由50℃改为室温,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,36%收率,92%ee。
实施例16
将温度由50℃改为100℃,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,83%ee。
实施例17
将催化剂的量由1mol%改为10mol%,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,96%收率,93%ee。
实施例18
将催化剂的量由1mol%改为0.1mol%,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,66%收率,92%ee。
实施例19
将反应溶剂由CF3CH2OH改为CH3OH,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,55%收率,49%ee。
实施例20
将反应溶剂由CF3CH2OH改为EtOH,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,45%收率,55%ee。
实施例21
将反应溶剂由CF3CH2OH改为iPrOH,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,35%收率,32%ee。
实施例22
将反应溶剂由CF3CH2OH改为(CF3)2CHOH,其余同实施例1,得产物2-苯基四氢喹啉II-a,90%收率,82%ee。
实施例23-49
反应底物适用性
在充满氮气的手套箱中,将Ni(OAc)2(0.18mg,0.001mmol)和手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体L1(0.74mg,0.0011mmol)溶于无水三氟乙醇(1.0mL),室温下搅拌1小时。依次加入底物I(0.1mmol)和无水三氟乙醇(1.0mL),将其置于高压反应釜中,氢气置换3次,然后通入氢气至50个大气压,50℃下反应24小时,得氢化产物II。
本发明具有广泛的底物适用性,按照上述反应条件,许多底物都能参与该反应,高收率和高对映选择性的获得手性2-取代四氢喹啉产物II,其反应式为:

Claims (6)

1.一种镍催化不对称氢化制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉的方法,其特征在于:该方法以2-取代喹啉化合物为原料,Ni(OAc)2/手性苯基骨架膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体L为催化剂,制备手性2-取代四氢喹啉化合物,其反应方程式如下:
所述的2-取代喹啉化合物结构式为:,所述手性2-取代四氢喹啉化合物结构式为:
其中,R1为C1-C10的链状烷基,环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基或带有取代基的环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基,苯基及取代苯基,苄基及取代苄基,或含一个或二个以上氧、硫、氮原子的五元或六元杂环芳香基团中的一种;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、氟、氯、溴、碘、硝基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
R2为C1-C10的链状烷基、环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基或带有取代基的环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基、苯基及取代苯基、苄基及取代苄基、氟、氯、溴、碘中的一种或二种以上;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、氟、氯、溴、碘、硝基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
所述手性苯基骨架膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体L其结构通式如下:
,式中: R1、R2分别为H、C1-C10的链状烷基、环上碳数为C3-C12的环烷基、苯基及取代苯基、苄基及取代苄基中的一种;所述环上碳数为C3-C12环烷基上的取代基、苯基上的取代基、苄基上的取代基分别为C1-C10的链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、氟、氯、溴、碘、硝基、或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
Ar为苯基或取代苯基;所述苯基上的取代基为C1-C10链状烷基、C1-C10的链状烷氧基、氟、氯、溴、碘、硝基或氰基中的一种或二种以上;
X基团为:手性含或不含N、S、O、P中的一种或二种以上官能团的联苯、联萘或四氢联萘类芳香基团中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于: R2个数为1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
该方法的具体步骤为:在氮气气氛下,将Ni(OAc)2和手性膦-亚磷酰胺酯配体L溶于无水溶剂,室温下搅拌0.5-2小时;加入底物2-取代喹啉化合物,将其置于反应釜中,氢气置换,然后通入氢气,加热到指定温度反应;释放氢气,除去溶剂后分离得到产物,以上反应物按摩尔比Ni(OAc)2:L:2-取代喹啉 = 1:1~2:100~1000。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的的方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、三氟乙醇、六氟异丙醇中的一种或两种以上;
所述氢化反应压力为20-80大气压,反应温度20-100℃,氢化反应时间为12-36小时。
5.根据权利要求1或3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为三氟乙醇;温度50℃;氢气压力50大气压。
6. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:除去溶剂后用硅胶柱分离得到产物,硅胶柱分离洗脱剂参数为体积比石油醚:乙酸乙酯 = 10:1-50:1。
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