CN116081819A - Ecological restoration treatment method for closed type deepwater lake and reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration treatment method of a closed type deepwater lake and reservoir, which comprises six steps of rainwater runoff pollution treatment, improvement of a lake bottom mud substrate, micro-terrain remodeling of the lake bottom mud, construction of an aquatic ecosystem, construction of a water scenery fountain water lifting system, construction of revetments and ecological environment construction. The invention comprehensively adopts the means of solving the problems of non-point runoff pollution, micro-reconstruction of the topography of the deepwater lake, construction of a water ecosystem and the like, and can effectively solve the problems of insufficient area of a closed deepwater lake reservoir, low survival rate of submerged plants due to insufficient photosynthesis of the deepwater, difficulty in constructing an underwater forest and the like; the method has the advantages that the diversity of aquatic organisms is obviously improved, the natural structure and the self-purification function of the lake are restored, meanwhile, the landscape effect of the lake surface is fully displayed, the water quality of the lake is improved, meanwhile, the ecological benefit and the landscape effect are improved, and the related treatment process is simpler, the cost is lower, and the method is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A method for ecological restoration of closed deep-water lake reservoirs

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment, and in particular relates to an ecological restoration treatment method for a closed deep-water lake reservoir.

Background technique

Affected by the topography in Southwest China, most of the urban landscape lakes are deep "V"-shaped deep-water lakes, and the water supply is mainly from rainwater sources. They are closed slow-flowing water bodies with static or poor mobility, and their water environment capacity is small and water temperature stratification is significant. The dissolved oxygen content in the bottom water body is low, the endogenous pollution is serious, the water body is turbid, and the apparent transparency is low. In spring and summer, it is very easy to cause eutrophication and other problems in local water bodies in the lake bay area, resulting in weak underwater light, aquatic animals and plants cannot grow smoothly, the number of beneficial microorganisms is greatly reduced, and the water ecosystem in the lake is missing, which in turn leads to the self-purification ability of the water body The low level cannot accommodate the pollutants that flow into the lake with the surface runoff in the rainy season and the pollutants discharged from point source discharge outlets.

At present, the conventional treatment methods for closed lakes and reservoirs include external pollution control and interception, artificial wetlands, and the construction of clear water ecosystems, etc., but they lack the pertinence for the management of mountainous lakes in Southwest China, and the proportion of deep water areas in lakes is large. , Submerged plants have insufficient planting area, insufficient coverage, difficult planting, and difficult survival; at the same time, it is difficult to arrange aeration devices, and it is easy to stir the sediment, so it is difficult to solve the problems of increasing dissolved oxygen and realizing the circulation of dead water in deep water areas; overall The governance effect is poor and the landscape aesthetic feeling is insufficient.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to address the problems and deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a system that combines rainwater runoff pollution control, lake bottom mud base improvement, lake bottom mud micro-topography remodeling, water ecosystem construction, and water landscape fountain pumping system A systematic solution for construction, revetment and ecological environment creation.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

An ecological restoration and treatment method for closed deep-water lakes, including rainwater runoff pollution control, lake bottom mud base improvement, lake bottom mud micro-topography remodeling, water ecosystem construction, water landscape fountain pumping system construction, revetment and ecological environment Create six steps; the specific steps include the following:

1) Rainwater runoff pollution control;

Build a stormwater runoff pollution control system, including intercepting and purifying stormwater outlets, grass-planting ditches, and lakeside buffer zones. and the lakeside buffer zone, give full play to the function of the system to intercept and purify surface runoff pollutants, and improve the habitat conditions;

2) Base improvement;

Including substrate disinfection and substrate improvement;

The bottom disinfection step is to use soil disinfectant to disinfect the soil base to remove the original pathogenic bacteria, wild fish and apple snail eggs in the soil, so as to further remove the pollutants in the bottom mud and improve the basic environmental conditions ;

Substrate improvement step Before the construction of the water ecosystem, a micronutrient (growth promoter) solution is put in, and the content of various nutrients is combined to form a micronutrient increaser. Plants are quickly colonized, forming a well-developed root system and strong plants, which have stronger resistance to diseases and insect pests; by adding trace elements calcium, magnesium, iron and other nutrients to balance the distribution of nutrients in the substrate, on the one hand, it is for the submerged plants. Root system development provides favorable conditions and enhances the resistance of plants to the environment; on the other hand, it improves the absorption and utilization rate of submerged plants to nitrogen and phosphorus-based nutrients in sediment and water;

3) Micro-topographic remodeling of sediment in the lake

The area from the shore to the lake center of the closed deep-water lake reservoir to be repaired is divided into zone I with water depth D<1m, zone II with water depth 1≤D<2m, zone III with 2≤D<2.5m, and zone III with water depth 2.5≤D<2.5m 3m in zone IV, 3≤D<3.5m in zone V, D>3.5m in zone VI;

Excavate areas I and II to a water depth of 2-2.5m. The excavated soil will be absorbed by the lake itself and filled to areas IV and V, thereby expanding the water area in the shallow water area and becoming submerged plants. Create better conditions for growth;

Retain the low-lying area in Zone VI and form a deep water area in the center of the lake with a water depth of 3.5-5m;

4) Water ecosystem construction;

Set up a movable submerged plant cultivation device in a low-lying area with a water depth of 3.5-5m in Zone VI, which consists of a hollow support column at the upper end, an embedded wedge, an embedded adjustment rod, a supporting floating platform, a planting base, a top floating platform and a light source; Among them, the embedded adjustment rod, supporting floating platform, planting base, top floating platform and light source are arranged in sequence from bottom to top to form a cultivation planting area, and several support columns are rooted in the bottom mud as the pillars of the whole device, and the entire cultivation planting area It is connected with the support column through an embedded adjustment rod; one end of the embedded adjustment rod is connected with the supporting floating platform and the planting base in turn to form a bearing area, in which the top floating platform is further set on the bearing area, and a light source is set on its upper part; the embedded adjustment The other end of the rod is provided with a groove matching the size and shape of the embedded wedge switch, and then it is embedded in the hollow part of the upper end of the support column, and fixed by the embedded wedge switch arranged therein. Several (more than 2) embedded wedge switches are set in the hollow part, and the embedded wedge switches control their wedged state through the automatic control system to realize the controllable adjustment of the height of the bearing area.

The cultivation and planting area of the device is supported by a supporting floating platform, which is made of polyethylene foam material and has a certain buoyancy, which is convenient for the device to adjust up and down according to the water depth; when the embedded wedge shrinks by using the automatic control system, the floating platform floats up and then adjusts the next height The built-in wedge switch realizes the controllable adjustment of the height of the bearing area. The upper part of the floating platform is the planting base (mainly using stainless steel mesh frame, laying geotextile inside the mesh frame, and laying 0.2-0.5cm of planting soil on the top of the geotextile); planting submerged plants on the top of the planting soil; the top of the device cultivation planting area is the top floating platform , a light source is installed inside to provide light for submerged plants and improve photosynthetic ability;

In the deep water area, a mobile submerged plant cultivation device is used to construct a water ecosystem, wherein the water ecosystem includes aquatic plants planted on the planting base and further constructed aquatic animal communities and microbial communities; it has high survival rate, simple structure and easy Advantages such as maintenance;

5) Construction of landscape fountain pumping system;

It consists of a fountain pumping device, water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe, circulating water pump, automatic control system, solar panels, and fan room; the circulating water pump and automatic control system are installed in the fan room on the bank, and the solar panel is installed on the top of the fan room. The room is made of stainless steel. Photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electric energy as the power source, and supply power through the automatic control system. The water inlet pipe is laid on the bottom of the lake, connected with the circulating water pump through the water inlet pipe, and the stagnant water in the deep water area at the bottom of the lake flows through the water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to the fountain for aeration and aeration The device not only circulates and stirs the stagnant water in the deep water area at the bottom of the lake, but also creates water landscape effects while aerating the water body.

The fountain pumping device includes, from bottom to top, a support platform, a circulation pipeline, and a nozzle. The supporting platform is made of polyethylene foam material, which has certain buoyancy. The nozzles are connected to the circulation pipeline at a distance of 0.1-0.3cm, and the circulation pipeline is connected to the outlet pipe. Through the circulating water pump in the fan room, the lake bottom water is transported to the nozzle to form a fountain landscape effect, and at the same time, the stagnant water in the lake area is circulated and stirred to increase dissolved oxygen and purify water quality.

6) Revetment and ecological environment creation;

Construct a habitat system of species diversity, construct porous habitats with tree stumps or rocks, provide places for hibernation, reproduction, and shelter for fish systems, set up tidal flats to provide predation, rest, and breeding places for amphibians and birds, and provide protection for microorganisms and insects. Living organisms provide habitat.

In the above scheme, the intercepting and purifying rainwater outlet adopts a two-layer concentric cylinder structure, including rainwater grates, stainless steel interceptors, and purified rainwater overflow outlets arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the inner columnar purification area and its covering The outer filter zone on the outer side. Among them, the stainless steel interceptor is a stainless steel bar frame with a spacing of 5-10mm, which is used to intercept large pollutants such as leaves and garbage entering the rainwater outlet, so as to prevent the lower purification and filtration area from being blocked. The inner purification zone and the outer filter zone are filled with different filter materials. The inner purification area is composed of a cylindrical stainless steel container filled with composite light filter material and with small holes on the side. After purification, the water flows out from the side with a 1mm aperture and enters the outer filter area. The filling filter material includes light volcanic stone and ceramsite , the particle size of the filter material is 1.2-4mm; it has the function of biodegradation, and it is easy to clean up the mud and sand. The outer filter area is filled with coarse sand filter materials, including one or more of gravel and pebbles, with a particle size of 8-16 mm; it mainly filters purified rainwater and plays a role in water storage. The working principle of the device for intercepting and purifying the rainwater outlet is: the rainwater enters the stainless steel interceptor, the inner layer purification area, and the outer layer filter area in sequence through the rainwater grate, and is gradually purified, and finally penetrates into the ground to replenish groundwater. When the amount of rainwater reaches a certain level, the purified rainwater overflows Orifice discharge.

Preferably, the grass planting ditch is a surface ditch with vegetation, which consists of seven parts from top to bottom: plants, aquifer, covering layer, planting soil layer, sand layer, and gravel layer, and has the functions of rainwater purification, infiltration, Rainwater storage.

Preferably, the width of the lakeside buffer zone is controlled between 4 and 10m, and the plants in the buffer zone from the shore to the lake are successively composed of shrub and grass belts, emergent plant belts, and floating leaf plant belts, and the planting area is on the shore, with a water depth of 0-0.4 m at a depth of 0.4-1.0m.

In the above scheme, the designed dosage of the soil disinfectant used in step 2) is 20-50g/m ² ; it is sprayed directly or evenly after being melted by lake water.

In the above scheme, the micronutrient element agent in step 2) includes micronutrient elements and enzyme substances, and the main components are trace elements such as magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, and enzyme substances; its consumption is 10 ～30g/m ² , and the dosage of bottom modification microbial agent is 30～80g/m ² .

In the above scheme, the aquatic plants described in step 4) include floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants.

In the above scheme, the floating-leaved plants include water chestnut, Gorgon fruit, water lily, fennel, water lily, etc.; the emergent plants include lotus, reed, cattail, canna, windmill grass, wild rice stem, etc.; The water mechanism mainly includes physical action, enrichment action, biochemical action, degradation action, inhibition of algae and other effects; planting varieties include four-season evergreen dwarf bitter grass, Malayan oleracea, grate eye vetch, microbes The planting density is 100-200 plants/m ² for the plants of S. dentata, Hydra verticillium, hornwort, and Shuiyun grass.

In the above scheme, the aquatic animal community mainly includes benthic animal community construction, fish community construction, and zooplankton community construction; wherein the benthic animal community construction step mainly includes adding patina, gum-backed mussel, and green Shrimp, etc., the stocking density is 5-80g/m ² ; the stocking method is: temporarily raise them in shallow water for 1-3 days, and then stock them after they adapt to the water environment. The fish community construction is mainly to add mandarin fish, yellow catfish, silver carp, etc., and the stocking density is 1-3 fish/100m ² , and the stocking method is direct supplementary stocking. At the same time, when fish are temporarily raised and domesticated, aquatic multivitamins (mainly composed of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin E and other multivitamins) are used, and the stocking density is 1-3kg/200 fish. The zooplankton community construction step is mainly to add cladocera and copepods, and the stocking density is 50-100ml/m ² or 500-1000/L; the stocking method is to temporarily raise them in shallow water, and wait for them to adapt to the waters environment before serving.

In the above scheme, during the construction of the microbial community, the density of microorganisms is 30-60g/m ² ; the microbial flora is screened and cultivated by indigenous microorganisms, and the specification is >10 billion live bacteria/g; photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus, Composed of complex microbial flora such as nitrifying bacteria and acidophilic bacteria; it is activated on-site before being put in, and then artificially splashed on the entire lake surface.

The present invention compares with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) The system method of the present invention adopts measures such as solving non-point source runoff pollution, micro-reformation of deep-water lake topography, and constructing a water ecosystem (creating a platform for planting submerged plants in the central lake area), which can effectively solve the problem of closed deep-water lakes and shallow water areas. Insufficient, low survival rate of submerged plants due to lack of deep water photosynthesis, it is difficult to build an "underwater forest" and other problems; to improve aquatic biodiversity, restore the natural structure and self-purification function of the lake, and at the same time, the lake landscape effect can be fully displayed , while improving the water quality of the lake, it also enhances ecological benefits and landscape effects;

2) The intercepting and purifying stormwater outlet adopted by the present invention, on the basis of the prior art stormwater outlet, improves the structural form and fills the filler, not only plays the role of transferring rainwater, but also intercepts and purifies surface runoff pollutants through purification and filtration. Improve habitat conditions;

3) The present invention micro-reforms deep-water lakes according to their terrain characteristics, and adopts a movable submerged plant cultivation device to increase the planting area of shallow-water plants, and the coverage of submerged plants is increased by more than 70%; solve the problem of submerged water in deep-water areas The survival rate of plants is low, and they are prone to hypoxia and other problems; by planting submerged plants to form an "underwater forest", reducing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, inhibiting the growth of algae, and avoiding eutrophication of the water body; at the same time, providing shelter for aquatic animals Thereby, an ecological chain balance system is built, and the transparency of the closed water body is improved; the present invention adopts a high-efficiency aeration device;

4) By adopting the fountain pumping system and circulating the stagnant water in the deep water area through the circulation pump, it solves the difficulty of maintenance of the aeration device used in conventional lakes and reservoirs, which is easy to cause the bottom mud to float, etc., and plays a role in increasing dissolved oxygen and improving the landscape effect .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed deep-water lake reservoir ecological restoration management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, 1 is an intercepting and purifying rainwater outlet, 2 is a grass planting ditch, 3 is a lakeside buffer zone, and 4 is a movable submerged water Plant cultivating device, 5 is a fountain pumping device, 6 is a water inlet pipe, 7 is an outlet pipe, 8 is a circulating water pump, 9 is an automatic control system, 10 is a solar panel, and 11 is a fan room;

Fig. 2 is the schematic structural view of intercepting and purifying rainwater outlet device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Wherein, (a) is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of intercepting and purifying rainwater outlet device, (b) is the structural representation of purifying rainwater overflow port; 1- 1 is the rainwater grate, 1-2 is the stainless steel interceptor, 1-3 is the inner layer purification area, 1-4 is the outer layer filter area, 1-5 is the purified rainwater overflow port;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the movable submerged plant cultivation device described in Example 1 of the present invention; wherein, 4-1 is a support column, 4-2 is an embedded wedge, 4-3 is an embedded adjustment rod, 4- 4 is a supporting floating platform, 4-5 is a planting base, 4-6 is a top floating platform, and 4-7 is a light source;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fountain pumping device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, 5-1 is a supporting platform, 5-2 is a circulation pipeline, and 5-3 is a nozzle.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A method for ecological restoration of a closed deep-water lake reservoir. The urban landscape lake in a certain city in Sichuan Province is a typical deep "V"-shaped closed lake. The fluidity of the lake is poor, the color of the lake is gray and green, there are many algae, and the transparency is less than 30cm, which makes it impossible for sunlight to penetrate the lake. There are oil films and garbage floating on the local water surface on the shore, and there are dead branches and leaves in the water body; the underwater light is weak, aquatic animals and plants cannot grow smoothly, the number of beneficial microorganisms is greatly reduced, and the water ecosystem in the lake is missing, resulting in low self-purification ability of the water body , unable to absorb the pollutants that flow into the lake with the surface runoff during the rainy season;

It mainly includes six steps: rainwater runoff pollution control, lake bottom mud base improvement, lake bottom mud micro-topography reconstruction, water ecosystem construction, water landscape fountain pumping system construction, revetment and ecological environment construction. The specific treatment and restoration methods include the following step:

1) In the flow area of non-point source runoff pollutants produced by rainwater, fish ponds, farmland, etc., set up interception and purification rainwater outlet 1, grass planting ditch 2, and lakeside buffer zone 3 in order to give full play to the interception and purification of surface runoff pollutants by the system functions and improve habitat conditions;

Among them, the intercepting and purifying rainwater outlet 1 adopts a two-layer concentric cylinder structure design (see Figure 2 for the structural diagram), including rainwater grate 1-1, stainless steel interceptor 1-2, and purified rainwater overflow outlet 1 arranged in sequence from top to bottom -5. The inner columnar purification zone 1-3 and the outer filter zone 1-4 covering its outer surface; the stainless steel interceptor 1-2 adopts stainless steel strip mesh with a mesh size of 3mm×10mm. It is used to intercept large pollutants such as leaves and garbage entering the rainwater outlet to prevent the lower purification and filtration area from being blocked; the inner purification area 1-3 and the outer filtration area 1-4 are respectively filled with different filter materials, and the inner purification area 1 -3 It is composed of a cylindrical stainless steel container filled with compound light filter material and with small holes on the measuring surface. After purification, the water flows out from the side with 1mm aperture and enters the outer filter area. The compound light filter material is made of light volcanic stone and ceramsite The filter material is mixed according to the volume ratio of 2:1; the particle size of the filter material is 1.2-4mm, it has the function of biodegradation, and it is easy to clean up the mud and sand debris; the outer filter area 1-4 is filled with coarse sand filter material (made of gravel and The pebbles are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1, the particle size of the filter material is 8-16mm), the main function is to filter and purify the rainwater, and to store water; 1 Enter the stainless steel interceptor 1-2, the inner layer filter area 1-3, and the outer layer purification area 1-4 in turn, gradually purify, and finally infiltrate into the ground to replenish groundwater. When the rainwater reaches a certain level, it will be purified by the rainwater overflow port 1- 5 emissions;

The grass-planting ditch 2 is a surface ditch with vegetation, which is mainly composed of plants, water storage layer, covering layer, planting soil layer, sand layer and gravel layer from top to bottom. It has the functions of rainwater purification, infiltration and storage Rainwater effect;

The width of the set lakeside buffer zone 3 is controlled between 4 and 10m. The plants in the buffer zone are planted with shrub and grass belt, emergent plant belt and floating leaf plant belt from the shore to the lake in sequence. and at a water depth of 0.4-1.0m;

2) Substrate improvement, including substrate disinfection and substrate improvement.

The bottom disinfection step is to use soil disinfectant to kill the soil base to remove the original pathogenic bacteria, wild fish and apple snail eggs in the soil, so as to further remove the pollutants in the bottom mud and improve the basic environmental conditions , the design dosage of the soil disinfectant is 30g/m ² ; it is evenly sprayed after the lake water is melted;

百特酶，主要成分微量元素、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶等；)用量20g/m²，底改微生物菌剂(市售北京科源环微底泥降解菌剂)用量50g/m²；The substrate improvement step mainly balances the distribution of nutrients in the substrate by adding trace elements calcium, magnesium, iron and other nutrients. On the one hand, it provides favorable conditions for the root development of submerged plants and enhances the stress resistance of plants to the environment; On the one hand, the absorption and utilization rate of submerged plants to nitrogen and phosphorus as the main nutrient salt in the bottom mud and water body are improved; the present invention uses a reasonable ratio of micronutrient element agent solution (growth promoting solution) before the water ecosystem is constructed. , the content of various nutrients is combined to form a micronutrient enhancer, and at the same time, the base is improved by adding microorganisms to improve the substrate, so as to promote the rapid colonization of higher plants, form a well-developed root system and strong plants, and have stronger resistance to diseases and insect pests; Among them, micronutrient element agent (commercially available Biwofeng

Baxterase, the main components are trace elements, lipase, amylase, protease, etc.;) the dosage is 20g/m ² , and the dosage of bottom modification microbial agent (commercially available Beijing Keyuanhuan micro-sediment degradation agent) is 50g/m ² ;

3) Micro-topographic remodeling of sediment in the lake

After optimizing the growth environment of aquatic organisms by improving the sediment base, carry out step three micro-topographic remodeling on the bottom of the lake. The main measures are: the area from the lake shore to the center of the lake is divided into zone I with water depth D<1m, and zone II with water depth 1≤D<2m , Zone III with 2≤D<2.5m, Zone IV with 2.5≤D<3m, Zone V with 3≤D<3.5m, Zone VI with D>3.5m; part of Zone I and Zone II will be excavated, Excavate to a water depth of 2-2.5m, the soil will be absorbed by itself in the lake, and the excavated soil will be backfilled to areas IV and V, thereby expanding the water area in the shallow water area and creating better conditions for the growth of submerged plants; while retaining area VI In the low-lying area, a deep water area is formed in the center of the lake, with a water depth of 3.5-5m;

4) Water ecosystem construction;

In the low-lying area with a water depth of 3.5-5m in Zone VI, a movable submerged plant cultivation device (see Figure 3 for a schematic view of the structure) is set up, which is supported by a support column 4-1, an embedded wedge 4-2, an embedded adjustment rod 4-3, and The floating platform 4-4, the planting base 4-5, the top floating platform 4-6, and the light source area 4-7 are formed. The movable submerged plant cultivation device 4 is installed in the low-lying area of the center of the lake in VI area, and is rooted in the bottom mud through 4 supporting columns as the pillars of the whole device, and one end embedded in the adjusting rod 4-3 is sequentially connected with the supporting floating platform 4-4 1. The planting bases 4-5 are connected to form a load-bearing area, wherein the top floating platform 4-6 is further arranged laterally in the load-bearing area, and a light source 4-7 is arranged on its upper part; the other end of the embedded adjustment rod 4-3 is arranged and embedded The wedge switch 4-2 has a matching groove in size and shape, and then it is embedded in the hollow part of the upper end of the support column 4-1, and is fixed by the embedded wedge switch 4-2 arranged therein. Three embedded wedge switches 4-2 are set in the hollow part of the support column 4-1, and the embedded wedge 4-2 is regulated by the 9 automatic control system and the liquid level of the planting base 4-5 in linkage, and the liquid level is monitored by an ultrasonic water level monitor. When the liquid level is monitored

When >2.5m, the embedding wedge shrinks, and the cultivation device floats up with the embedding adjustment rod 4-3 under the action of buoyancy. When the water level of the planting base 4-5 reaches 2.5m, the embedding wedge opens, and the cultivation device is fixed. The embedded adjustment rod 4-3 is connected with the floating platform 4-4, and the planting area of the device is supported by the floating platform 4-4. The floating platform adopts polyethylene foam material and has a certain buoyancy, which is convenient for the device to adjust up and down according to the water depth. The upper part of the floating platform 4-4 is provided with a planting base 4-5, which is obtained by first adopting a stainless steel frame and laying a geotextile in the frame, and then laying 0.2-0.5 cm of planting soil on the top of the geotextile. The top of the cultivation planting area of the device is a top floating platform, and light sources 4-7 are installed inside to provide light for submerged plants and improve photosynthetic ability;

Aquatic plants are planted on the planting base 4-5, and aquatic animal communities and microbial communities are constructed; aquatic plants include floating plants, emergent plants, and submerged plants;

Among them, the floating leaf plants use water lilies and fennel plants; the emergent plants use lotus, cattail, and canna; the water purification mechanism of submerged plants mainly includes physical effects, enrichment effects, biochemical effects, degradation effects, inhibition of algae and others. Sensitive effect, the planting varieties are four-season evergreen dwarf chrystropha chinensis and water Yun grass, and the planting density is 150 plants/m ² .

The construction steps of the zoonotic community are the construction of the benthic animal community, the construction of the fish community, and the construction of the zooplankton community; It is 50g/m ² ; the delivery method is: temporarily raise them in shallow water for 1-3 days, and then release them after they adapt to the water environment. The fish community construction mainly includes mandarin fish, yellow catfish, silver carp, etc., and the stocking density is 1 fish/100m ² , and the stocking method is direct supplementary stocking; Vitamins, the main components and their weight percentages are: vitamin A 2%, vitamin B1 1.5%, vitamin B2 1.5%, vitamin C 1.5%, vitamin E 0.5%, vitamin B6 1%, vitamin D30.5%, vitamin B12 1.5%, 10% nicotinic acid, 80% secondary powder, and the feeding density is 1kg/200 tails. The zooplankton community construction mainly includes cladocera and copepods, and the stocking density is 50ml/m ² or 1000/L; the stocking method is to temporarily raise them in shallow water areas, and then stock them after they adapt to the water environment.

The density of microorganisms in the process of microbial community construction is 40g/ ^m2 ; the microbial flora is screened and cultivated by indigenous microorganisms, and the specification is >10 billion live bacteria/g; it is composed of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, acidophilic bacteria and other composite microorganisms The composition of the bacterial flora; before putting it in, it was activated on-site, and then artificially splashed on the entire lake.

5) Construction of the landscape fountain pumping system; as shown in Figure 1, the landscape fountain pumping system consists of a fountain pumping device 5, a water inlet pipe 6, an outlet pipe 7, a circulating water pump 8, an automatic control system 9, a solar panel 10, and a fan room 11. The circulating water pump 8 and the automatic control system 9 are installed in the fan room 11 arranged on the shore, and the solar panel 10 is installed on the top of the fan room 11, and the fan room 11 is made of stainless steel. Photovoltaic panels are converted into electric energy through solar energy as the power source, and the power is supplied by the automatic control system. The water inlet pipe is laid on the bottom of the lake, connected with the circulating water pump 8 through the water inlet pipe 6, and the stagnant water in the deep water area at the bottom of the lake flows through the water inlet pipe 6 and the outlet pipe 7. Fountain pumping water aeration device 5. It not only circulates and stirs the stagnant water in the deep water area at the bottom of the lake, but also creates water landscape effects while oxygenating the water body.

As shown in Fig. 4, the fountain pumping device is composed of a support platform 5-1, a circulation pipeline 5-2 and a nozzle 5-3 arranged from bottom to top. Among them, the support platform is made of polyethylene foam material, which has a certain buoyancy. The nozzles are connected to the circulation pipeline at a distance of 0.2cm, and the 5-2 circulation pipeline is connected to the outlet pipe 7; 3. Form a fountain landscape effect, and at the same time make the stagnant water in the lake area form a circular agitation, increase dissolved oxygen and purify water quality.

6) Revetment and ecological environment creation;

Construct a habitat system of species diversity, construct porous habitats with tree stumps or rocks, provide places for hibernation, reproduction, and shelter for fish systems, set up tidal flats to provide predation, rest, and breeding places for amphibians and birds, and provide protection for microorganisms and insects. Living organisms provide habitat.

After the above method of ecological restoration and treatment, the water quality of the lake has reached the Class IV water standard for surface water environment ("Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002)). The specific detection indicators are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 adopts the water quality index test result before and after the method described in embodiment 1 is processed

The conventional technologies for deep-water lake reservoir treatment described in Table 1 include the following steps: constructing constructed wetlands, dredging sediment, constructing clear-water ecosystems, and constructing underwater aeration systems. However, due to the deep water depth and insufficient shallow water area, it is difficult for submerged plants to survive, resulting in secondary pollution caused by plant death, and the water purification effect is poor.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples made for the purpose of clearly illustrating, and are not intended to limit the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other different forms of changes or changes can also be made, and it is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation modes here, so the obvious changes or changes extended Still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The ecological restoration treatment method of the closed type deepwater lake and reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) Treating the rainwater runoff pollution;

a water inlet for intercepting and purifying, a grass planting ditch and a lakeside buffer zone are sequentially arranged in a flowing-through area for generating the non-point source runoff pollutants;

2) Improvement of a lake bottom sediment substrate;

comprises the steps of substrate disinfection and substrate improvement;

wherein, soil disinfection is carried out on the soil by adopting a soil disinfectant; the substrate improvement step is to put in a trace nutrient solution before the construction of the water ecological system, and simultaneously put in a substrate improvement microorganism to improve the substrate;

3) Micro-topography remodeling of mud in lakes

Dividing the area from the lakebed to the lakebed of the closed deep water lake into an area I with the water depth D being less than 1m, an area II with the water depth D being less than or equal to 1m, an area III with the water depth D being less than or equal to 2m and less than or equal to 2.5m, an area IV with the water depth D being less than or equal to 2.5m, an area V with the water depth D being less than or equal to 3.5m and an area VI with the water depth D being more than or equal to 3.5m in sequence;

excavating the area I and the area II until the water depth is 2-2.5m, and carrying out self-digestion in the lake by the obtained excavated soil, backfilling the obtained excavated soil into the area IV and the area V, so as to enlarge the water area of the shallow water area;

4) Constructing a water ecological system;

a movable submerged plant culture device is arranged in a low-lying area with the water depth of 3.5-5m in a VI area and consists of a support column, an embedded wedge opening, an embedded adjusting rod, a support floating platform, a planting base layer, a top floating platform and a light source; wherein, the embedded adjusting rod, the supporting floating platform, the planting base layer, the top floating platform and the light source are sequentially arranged from bottom to top to form a culture planting area, the supporting column is rooted in the bottom mud to be used as the supporting column of the whole device, the culture planting area is connected with the support column through an embedded adjusting rod, and the upper and lower heights of the embedded adjusting rod and the support column are adjusted through an embedded wedge opening;

constructing a water ecological system by utilizing a movable submerged plant culture device arranged in a deepwater area, wherein the water ecological system comprises aquatic plants planted on a planting base layer, and constructed aquatic animal communities and microbial communities;

5) Building a landscape fountain water pumping system;

the landscape fountain pumping system consists of a fountain pumping device, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a circulating water pump, an automatic control system, a solar panel and a fan room; the solar panel is arranged at the top of the fan house, is powered by the automatic control system, and is paved at the bottom of a lake, and the water inlet pipeline is connected with the circulating water pump to convey the dead water in the deep water area of the bottom of the lake to the fountain water-lifting aeration device through the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe;

6) Constructing revetments and ecological environments;

and constructing a species diversity habitat system, constructing a porous habitat by using stumps or stones, and setting up a beach.

2. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the intercepting and purifying rain water inlet adopts a two-layer concentric cylinder structure, and comprises a rain water grate, a stainless steel interceptor, a purified rain water overflow port, an inner columnar purifying area and an outer filtering area coated on the outer side surface of the inner columnar purifying area.

3. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the inner-layer purification area of the gully adopts a compound light filter material comprising light vesuvianite and ceramsite, and the particle size of the filter material is 1.2-4 mm; the outer filtering area is filled with coarse sand filtering material comprising one or more of gravel and pebble, and the particle size of the filtering material is 8-16 mm.

4. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the main component of the soil-slaking agent adopted in the step 2) is quicklime, and the design dosage is 20-50 g/m ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The micronutrient agent comprises micronutrients and enzymes in an amount of from 10 to 30g/m ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The dosage of the microbial agent for bottom modification is 30-80g/m ² 。

5. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the aquatic plants in step 4) include floating leaf plants, emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants.

6. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the fountain pumping device in step 5) comprises a supporting platform, a circulating pipeline and a spray head which are arranged from bottom to top; the spray head is connected with a circulating pipeline at intervals of 0.1-0.3 cm, and the circulating pipeline is connected with a water outlet pipe; and conveying the lake bottom water to the spray head through a circulating water pump in the fan room.

7. The ecological restoration and treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the lakeside buffer zone has a width of 4-10 m and comprises a grass irrigation zone, an emergent aquatic plant zone and a floating leaf plant zone which are sequentially arranged from lakeside to lakeside.

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