CN116037645A - A method for controlling cooling of hot-rolled straight strips after rolling - Google Patents
A method for controlling cooling of hot-rolled straight strips after rolling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 222
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
- B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种热态直条长材的控制冷却方法，属于金属材料加工领域。热态直条长材经过输送辊道进入冷床，在冷床长度方向分段布置风机，风机出口高速空气自上而下对输送辊道及冷床一定宽度区域上的直条长材进行强制冷却，直条长材在冷床上输送时做前进运动和转动，通过调整各风机的输出风速或风量控制热态直条长材全长温度均匀性，通过调整风机的风速或风量和冷床的输送频率控制直条长材的冷却速度和风冷终止温度。本发明有利于热态直条长材的均匀、快速冷却，得到均匀细小的理想组织，提升长材的力学性能，降低钢材带状组织级别，降低中高碳钢的脱碳层厚度。
The invention relates to a controlled cooling method for hot straight long materials, which belongs to the field of metal material processing. The hot straight strips enter the cooling bed through the conveying roller table, and fans are arranged in sections along the length direction of the cooling bed. Cooling, when the straight strips are transported on the cooling bed, they move forward and rotate. By adjusting the output wind speed or air volume of each fan, the temperature uniformity of the straight long strips in the hot state is controlled. By adjusting the wind speed or air volume of the fans and the cooling bed The conveying frequency controls the cooling rate of the straight long material and the end temperature of air cooling. The invention is beneficial to the uniform and rapid cooling of hot straight long products, obtains uniform and fine ideal structures, improves the mechanical properties of the long products, reduces the band structure level of steel products, and reduces the decarburization layer thickness of medium and high carbon steels.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于材料加工工程技术，是一种热轧直条长材的轧后控制冷却方法，具体涉及直条长材在轧后冷床上输送过程风冷的方法。The invention belongs to material processing engineering technology, and relates to a post-rolling controlled cooling method for hot-rolled straight long products, in particular to a method for air-cooling straight long products during conveying on a post-rolling cooling bed.
背景技术Background technique
目前，棒材轧后冷却方式主要为穿水冷却，即成品轧件从精轧机轧出后立即穿过水冷装置进行强行冷却，通过强烈冷却控制变形奥氏体的组织状态，通常有套管式和紊流管式两种形式。使用穿水冷却作为轧后冷却方式主要有以下四点不足：At present, the post-rolling cooling method of bars is mainly through water cooling, that is, the finished rolled pieces pass through the water cooling device for forced cooling immediately after being rolled out of the finishing mill, and the microstructure of the deformed austenite is controlled through intense cooling, usually with a casing type And turbulent tube two forms. The use of water-through cooling as the post-rolling cooling method mainly has the following four disadvantages:
1)在水冷过程中，由于冷却水与轧件接触时反应非常剧烈，导致轧件表面冷却速率过大，棒材径向方向形成较大的温度梯度，造成表面与芯部冷却不均匀。1) During the water cooling process, due to the violent reaction between the cooling water and the rolled piece, the surface cooling rate of the rolled piece is too large, and a large temperature gradient is formed in the radial direction of the bar, resulting in uneven cooling between the surface and the core.
2)棒材在轧后穿水冷却的过程中表面冷速过大，冷却后易出现回火马氏体和氧化铁皮，组织性能不稳定，影响棒材的实际使用。2) The surface cooling rate of the bar is too large during the water cooling process after rolling, and tempered martensite and iron oxide scale are prone to appear after cooling, and the microstructure and properties are unstable, which affects the actual use of the bar.
3)热轧棒材多要求近平衡态的金相组织，主要为铁素体加珠光体，且无有害的表面缺陷。如热轧钢筋作为建筑用钢，要求具有优良的冷弯加工性能以及明显的屈服点，但是水冷过程中会产生贝氏体等组织，使棒材韧性下降且屈服点消失。3) Most hot-rolled bars require a near-equilibrium metallographic structure, mainly ferrite plus pearlite, and have no harmful surface defects. For example, hot-rolled steel bars are required to have excellent cold-bending performance and obvious yield point as construction steel. However, bainite and other structures will be produced during the water cooling process, which will reduce the toughness of the bar and disappear the yield point.
4)水冷时对水压要求较高，需要提供足够的功率增强水压，生产成本提高。4) Water cooling requires high water pressure, and sufficient power must be provided to enhance water pressure, which increases production costs.
目前，以斯太尔摩工艺为代表的强制风冷工艺已在线材生产中得到了成熟的应用。在棒材的生产中，通过强制风冷工艺，可有效解决冷却不均匀且冷却过程不易控制的问题。At present, the forced air cooling process represented by the Stelmore process has been maturely applied in the production of wire rods. In the production of rods, the forced air cooling process can effectively solve the problem of uneven cooling and difficult control of the cooling process.
中国专利CN206351176U设计的一种用于热轧高强度钢筋的分段阶梯型冷却装置，包括两个冷却区即分段阶梯型冷却区和快冷区，钢筋依次穿过分段阶梯型冷却区和快冷区同时由配套集成系统来进行各个工艺参数的调节和控制。优点在于，达到改善表面氧化铁皮的形貌、结构和完整性，实现在销售周期内延缓生锈和改善显微组织结构的目标。虽然达到了控制冷却的目的，但因仍然使用水冷，产品表面容易产生异常组织，影响最终的产品性能。Chinese patent CN206351176U is a stepwise cooling device designed for hot-rolling high-strength steel bars. It includes two cooling zones, namely a stepwise cooling zone and a fast cooling zone. The steel bars pass through the stepwise cooling zone and the fast cooling zone. At the same time, the fast cooling zone is adjusted and controlled by the supporting integrated system for the adjustment and control of various process parameters. The advantage is that it can improve the appearance, structure and integrity of the oxide scale on the surface, and achieve the goals of delaying rust and improving the microstructure during the sales cycle. Although the purpose of controlled cooling is achieved, because water cooling is still used, abnormal structures are prone to occur on the surface of the product, which affects the final product performance.
中国专利CN211538997U设计出一种热轧螺纹钢筋剪切区用冷却装置，通过进水口及压缩空气进口分别为上、下进水管及上、下进气管输入冷却水及压缩空气，冷却水和压缩空气在上、下雾化喷嘴内混合形成雾化水，并分别从上、下雾化喷嘴中喷出，对从上、下喷嘴框梁之间通过的待剪切螺纹钢筋进行冷却。通过气水分别控制，气水混合效果好、调节范围大，冷却强度大于纯水喷嘴，冷却机理优于纯水冷却。但是这种方法无法有效控制螺纹钢筋的冷却速度和终冷温度，有一定的局限性。Chinese patent CN211538997U has designed a cooling device for the shearing area of hot-rolled threaded steel bars. Through the water inlet and the compressed air inlet, respectively, the upper and lower water inlet pipes and the upper and lower air inlet pipes input cooling water and compressed air, cooling water and compressed air. Mix in the upper and lower atomizing nozzles to form atomized water, and spray out from the upper and lower atomizing nozzles respectively to cool the threaded steel bars to be sheared passing between the frame beams of the upper and lower nozzles. Through the separate control of air and water, the air-water mixing effect is good, the adjustment range is large, the cooling intensity is greater than that of pure water nozzles, and the cooling mechanism is better than that of pure water cooling. However, this method cannot effectively control the cooling rate and final cooling temperature of the rebar, and has certain limitations.
中国发明专利申请CN103191936A提出的一种包括导入口、导入口固定座、穿钢冷风管、导出口、导出口固定座、进风管的轧制钢筋在线冷控装置，其布置位置在轧线输送辊道，冷却介质是压缩空气，通过特殊设计空气喷头在输送辊道上对钢材进行强制冷却却。以及中国实用新型专利CN211707731U设计出一种棒线材轧制用缓冷装置，都使用了风冷的冷却方法。后者包括横梁和钢筋，横梁上端设置有风冷喷嘴和导管，轧制后的钢筋从风冷喷嘴的左端依次穿过，通过设置多个风冷喷嘴，钢筋在风冷喷嘴的作用下实现了风冷降温，加速了热量的散失，用水量少，节能环保，又强化了冷却效果，很好的保证了冷却质量，具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。但是这两种装置都无法同时对多根钢筋进行冷却，不适合钢筋的大规模生产，影响生产效率。Chinese invention patent application CN103191936A proposes an on-line cooling control device for rolled steel bars including an inlet, an inlet fixing seat, a steel cooling air pipe, an outlet, an outlet fixing seat, and an air inlet pipe. For the roller table, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the steel is forcibly cooled on the conveying roller table through a specially designed air nozzle. And Chinese utility model patent CN211707731U designs a kind of rod and wire rod rolling slow cooling device, has all used the cooling method of air cooling. The latter includes beams and steel bars. Air-cooling nozzles and ducts are installed on the upper end of the beams. The rolled steel bars pass through the left end of the air-cooling nozzles in sequence. Air-cooled cooling speeds up the loss of heat, less water consumption, energy saving and environmental protection, and strengthens the cooling effect, which ensures the cooling quality well, and has good economic and social benefits. But these two kinds of devices all can't cool a plurality of steel bars at the same time, are not suitable for the large-scale production of steel bar, affect production efficiency.
中国实用新型专利申请CN211060461U，设计出一种包括底板的内部套接有曲面铜管的钢筋风冷运转设备，通过设置的U形铜管与曲面铜管的叠加以及多层风扇结构，能够在使用过程中提供更快的散热效果，并且风扇设置于内侧，通过三层风扇的设计，在散热速度更快的情况下能够降低一定的转速，进一步降低了风扇的噪音产生，在实际使用过程中，能实现工作状态下人耳无法听见风扇的工作，具备一定的有益效果。该专利申请不涉及对钢筋的冷却方法和冷却效果。Chinese utility model patent application CN211060461U has designed a reinforced air-cooled operation equipment including a curved copper tube inside the base plate, through the superposition of the U-shaped copper tube and the curved copper tube and the multi-layer fan structure, it can be used It provides faster heat dissipation during the process, and the fan is installed on the inside. Through the design of the three-layer fan, it can reduce a certain speed in the case of faster heat dissipation, further reducing the noise of the fan. In the actual use process, It can realize the work of the fan that cannot be heard by the human ear in the working state, and has certain beneficial effects. This patent application does not relate to the cooling method and cooling effect to steel bars.
本发明设计出一种热轧直条长材轧后控制冷却方法，直条长材在通过轧机后到达输送辊道，采用风机风口由上而下对输送辊道及冷床一定区域上的直条长材进行强制风冷。直条长材在冷床上输送过程中发生前进和旋转运动，通过强制风冷调控棒材的冷却速度和终冷温度，得到均匀适宜的组织，从而改善棒材的综合性能，降低生产成本，实现热轧直条长材轧后的均匀、快速冷却。The present invention designs a method for controlling cooling of hot-rolled straight strips after rolling. After the straight strips pass through the rolling mill, they reach the conveying roller table, and the air outlet of the fan is used to control the direct cooling of the conveying roller table and a certain area of the cooling bed from top to bottom. The strips are subjected to forced air cooling. The straight strips move forward and rotate during the conveying process on the cooling bed. The cooling speed and final cooling temperature of the bars are adjusted by forced air cooling to obtain a uniform and suitable structure, thereby improving the overall performance of the bars, reducing production costs, and realizing Uniform and rapid cooling of hot-rolled straight long products after rolling.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种热态直条长材的控制冷却方法，目的在于使热态直条长材快速、均匀冷却，细化晶粒，得到组织均匀、性能优异的产品的同时，降低生产成本，提升经济效益。The invention provides a controlled cooling method for hot straight long materials, the purpose of which is to rapidly and uniformly cool the hot straight long materials, refine the crystal grains, obtain products with uniform structure and excellent performance, and reduce production costs. Improve economic efficiency.
一种热态直条长材的控制冷却方法，其特征在于：在冷床长度方向分段布置风机，根据直条长材的温度和室温组织性能要求，通过调整强制风冷过程中风机的风速和风量以及冷床输送的平均速度来控制直条长材在冷床上的冷却速度和终冷温度以及热轧直条长材全长温度均匀性。A controlled cooling method for hot straight long products, characterized in that fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the cooling bed, and according to the temperature of the straight long products and the room temperature structure performance requirements, the wind speed of the fans during the forced air cooling process is adjusted The cooling rate and final cooling temperature of the straight strips on the cooling bed and the temperature uniformity of the whole length of the hot-rolled straight strips are controlled by the air volume and the average speed of the cooling bed.
进一步地，如上所述控制冷却方法具体步骤如下：Further, the specific steps of the above-mentioned control cooling method are as follows:
(1)热态直条长材经过输送辊道输入到冷床，直条长材在冷床上输送过程中发生前进和转动；(1) The hot straight long material is input to the cooling bed through the conveying roller table, and the straight long material advances and rotates during the conveying process on the cooling bed;
(2)在冷床长度方向分段布置风机，采用风机由上而下对输送辊道及冷床一定区域上的直条长材进行强制风冷；(2) Fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the cooling bed, and the fans are used to force air-cool the straight strips on the conveying roller table and a certain area of the cooling bed from top to bottom;
(3)通过调整辊道速度，并控制每台风机的风量、开启的风机数量及风量分配来达到一定的冷却速率(3) To achieve a certain cooling rate by adjusting the speed of the roller table, and controlling the air volume of each fan, the number of fans that are turned on, and the distribution of air volume
(4)当热态直条长材达到合适的终冷温度时，关闭风机，直条长材随着辊道运输进行空冷。(4) When the hot straight long material reaches the appropriate final cooling temperature, the fan is turned off, and the straight long material is air-cooled along with the roller conveyor.
热态直条长材控制冷却采用强制风冷工艺还存在诸多优点：The forced air cooling process for the controlled cooling of hot straight long products also has many advantages:
1)提高直条长材在冷床上的冷却速度，缩短棒材冷却的时间；1) Increase the cooling speed of the straight long bar on the cooling bed and shorten the cooling time of the bar;
2)提高直条长材冷却速度，可以细化奥氏体晶粒，提高铁素体晶粒度级别，改善热轧直条长材的力学性能；2) Increasing the cooling rate of straight strips can refine austenite grains, increase the ferrite grain size level, and improve the mechanical properties of hot-rolled straight strips;
3)根据需要在相同力学性能条件下，降低钢材的合金含量及合金成本；3) Reduce the alloy content and alloy cost of steel under the same mechanical properties as required;
4)降低中高碳钢直条长材轧后冷却过程的脱碳层厚度；4) Reduce the thickness of the decarburized layer in the cooling process of medium and high carbon steel straight strips and long products after rolling;
5)降低热轧或正火直条长材珠光体带状级别；5) Reduce the pearlite band grade of hot-rolled or normalized straight long products;
6)防止水冷、雾冷过程直条长材表面产生异常组织；6) Prevent abnormal structures on the surface of straight long products during the process of water cooling and fog cooling;
7)降低大规格直条长材的定尺剪切温度，防止长材头尾弯曲。7) Reduce the cut-to-length shearing temperature of large-scale straight long products to prevent the long products from bending at the head and tail.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的冷床强制风冷方法设备布置示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of equipment layout of the cooling bed forced air cooling method of the present invention.
其中：1-输送辊道，2-风机，3-风道，4-出风口，5-热轧直条长材，6-冷床。Among them: 1-conveyor roller table, 2-fan, 3-air duct, 4-air outlet, 5-hot-rolled straight long products, 6-cooling bed.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.
实施例1：热轧直条带肋钢筋生产。Embodiment 1: Production of hot-rolled straight ribbed steel bar.
热轧生产线规格φ12-32mm，钢筋经过单根轧制或切分轧制后，根据需要确定是否通过轧后水冷装置，再经输送辊道将直条钢筋输送进入冷床，冷床为齿条式步进冷床可实现钢筋的横移并转动。The specifications of the hot rolling production line are φ12-32mm. After the steel bars are single-rolled or split-rolled, it is determined whether to pass through the water-cooling device after rolling according to the needs, and then the straight steel bars are transported into the cooling bed through the conveying roller table. The cooling bed is a rack. The step-by-step cooling bed can realize the horizontal movement and rotation of the steel bar.
在入口端的的长度方向分段布置风机，风机位于冷床侧面。对于无高架平台的生产线，风机与冷床布置同一基础平台(图1)。对于高架平台生产线，风机与冷床布置同一基础平台，也可风机在平台下方布置。风机的出口的风经过风道均匀分配至出风口，出风口由上而下对输送辊道及冷床一定宽度区域上的直条长材进行强制风冷。The fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the inlet end, and the fans are located on the side of the cooling bed. For a production line without an elevated platform, the fan and the cooling bed are arranged on the same basic platform (Figure 1). For the elevated platform production line, the fan and the cooling bed are arranged on the same basic platform, or the fan can be arranged under the platform. The wind from the outlet of the fan is evenly distributed to the air outlet through the air duct, and the air outlet performs forced air cooling on the straight strips on the conveying roller table and the cooling bed in a certain width area from top to bottom.
根据钢筋规格和轧线生产节奏，设定和调整各风机的输出风速或风量，控制热轧直条长材全长温度均匀性，通过调整风机的风速或风量和冷床的输送频率控制直条长材的风冷速度和风冷终止温度，钢筋的强制风冷冷却速度范围达到4～12℃/s，钢筋的强制风冷终冷温度根据需要力学性能控制在550～750℃。Set and adjust the output wind speed or air volume of each fan according to the steel bar specifications and the production rhythm of the rolling line, control the temperature uniformity of the hot-rolled straight strips throughout the length, and control the straight strips by adjusting the wind speed or air volume of the fans and the conveying frequency of the cooling bed The air-cooling speed and air-cooling end temperature of long products, the range of forced air-cooling cooling speed of steel bars reaches 4-12°C/s, and the forced-air-cooling final cooling temperature of steel bars is controlled at 550-750°C according to the mechanical properties required.
采用轧后强制风冷后，1不同规格钢筋达到600℃所需要的时间较自然空冷可大幅度缩短冷却时间，直径22-32mm规格钢筋的定尺剪切温度降低110～200℃，热轧直条钢筋的屈服和抗拉强度可提高30-70MPa，断后伸长率几乎不变。如果要得到相近的力学性能，采用轧后强制风冷生产直条螺纹钢筋，可降低钢中的Si、Mn、Cr合金元素或Nb、V、Ti微合金元素含量，降低合金成本。After forced air cooling after rolling, the time required for 1 different specifications of steel bars to reach 600°C can be greatly shortened compared with natural air cooling, and the cut-to-length shear temperature of steel bars with diameters of 22-32mm is reduced by 110-200°C. The yield and tensile strength of the steel bar can be increased by 30-70MPa, and the elongation after breaking is almost unchanged. If similar mechanical properties are to be obtained, the production of straight threaded steel bars by forced air cooling after rolling can reduce the content of Si, Mn, Cr alloying elements or Nb, V, Ti microalloying elements in the steel, and reduce the cost of the alloy.
实施例2：大中型棒材生产线Example 2: Large and medium-sized bar production line
大中型棒材热轧生产线轧后强制风冷方法，适用生产棒材规格范围φ30-200mm，棒材经过粗轧、中轧和精轧、分段剪切后，经输送辊道将大中型棒材输送进入冷床，冷床为步进式可实现棒材横移和翻转。The forced air cooling method after rolling in the large and medium-sized bar hot rolling production line is suitable for the production bar specification range of φ30-200mm. The material is conveyed into the cooling bed, and the cooling bed is a step-by-step type, which can realize the lateral movement and turning of the bar.
在冷床入口端的长度方向分段布置风机，风机位于冷床侧面。风机出口高速空气经过风道均匀分配至出风口，出风口由上而下对冷床一定宽度区域上的大中型棒材进行强制风冷。根据大中型棒材规格和轧线生产节奏，设定和调整各风机的输出风速或风量，控制大中型棒材全长温度均匀性，通过调整风机的风速或风量和冷床的输送频率控制的风冷速度和风冷终止温度，风速范围2～6m/s，棒材强制风冷的终冷温度根据需要可控制550～750℃。Fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the inlet end of the cooling bed, and the fans are located on the side of the cooling bed. The high-speed air from the fan outlet is evenly distributed to the air outlet through the air duct, and the air outlet performs forced air cooling on the large and medium-sized bars on a certain width area of the cooling bed from top to bottom. According to the specifications of large and medium-sized bars and the production rhythm of the rolling line, set and adjust the output wind speed or air volume of each fan, and control the temperature uniformity of the entire length of large and medium-sized bars. Controlled by adjusting the wind speed or air volume of the fans and the transmission frequency of the cooling bed Air cooling speed and end temperature of air cooling, the wind speed range is 2~6m/s, and the final cooling temperature of bar forced air cooling can be controlled at 550~750℃ according to needs.
采用轧后强制风冷后，大中型棒材高温停留时间大幅度缩短，中高碳钢类型棒材的表层脱碳厚度可降低20-30％，珠光体带状组织级别可降低0.5-1级，奥氏体晶粒度可提高0.5级左右，铁素体晶粒度可提高0.5-1级，还可以根据需要调整棒材的金相组织类型。After forced air cooling after rolling, the high-temperature residence time of large and medium-sized bars is greatly shortened, the surface decarburization thickness of medium-high carbon steel bars can be reduced by 20-30%, and the pearlite banded structure level can be reduced by 0.5-1. The austenite grain size can be increased by about 0.5 grade, and the ferrite grain size can be increased by 0.5-1 grade, and the metallographic structure type of the bar can also be adjusted according to the needs.
实施例3：钢管热轧或正火热处理生产线。Embodiment 3: Steel pipe hot rolling or normalizing heat treatment production line.
热轧或正火热处理钢管生产线轧后强制风冷方法，适应的生产热轧无缝钢管外径规格范围φ32～φ550mm。经过穿孔、轧管或和定减径后的热轧无缝钢管或正火出炉后的高温热态无缝钢管，经输送辊道输送进入冷床，冷床为步进式或正向/反向链式，可实现热轧无缝钢管的横移和转动。The hot-rolled or normalizing heat-treated steel pipe production line adopts the forced air cooling method after rolling, which is suitable for the production of hot-rolled seamless steel pipes with an outer diameter specification range of φ32～φ550mm. The hot-rolled seamless steel pipe after perforation, pipe rolling or fixed diameter reduction or the high-temperature hot seamless steel pipe after normalizing is transported into the cooling bed through the conveying roller table. The cooling bed is stepping or forward/reverse To the chain, can realize the horizontal movement and rotation of the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe.
在冷床入口端的长度方向分段布置风机，风机位于冷床侧面。风机出口高速空气经过风道均匀分配至出风口，出风口由上而下对冷床一定宽度区域上的热轧无缝钢管进行强制风冷。根据热轧无缝钢管规格和轧线生产节奏，设定和调整各风机的输出风速或风量，控制热轧无缝钢管全长温度均匀性，通过调整风机的风速或风量和冷床的输送频率控制的风冷速度和风冷终止温度，风速范围2～12m/s，热轧无缝钢管强制风冷的终冷温度根据工艺需要进行调节。Fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the inlet end of the cooling bed, and the fans are located on the side of the cooling bed. The high-speed air from the fan outlet is evenly distributed to the air outlet through the air duct, and the air outlet performs forced air cooling on the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe on a certain width area of the cooling bed from top to bottom. Set and adjust the output wind speed or air volume of each fan according to the specifications of the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe and the production rhythm of the rolling line, and control the temperature uniformity of the entire length of the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe. By adjusting the wind speed or air volume of the fan and the conveying frequency of the cooling bed Controlled air-cooling speed and end temperature of air-cooling, the wind speed range is 2-12m/s, and the final cooling temperature of forced air-cooling of hot-rolled seamless steel pipe is adjusted according to the process requirements.
采用强制风冷后，热轧或正火无缝钢管高温停留时间大幅度缩短，中高碳钢类型热轧无缝钢管的表层脱碳厚度可降低20-30％；中碳钢的珠光体带状组织级别可降低0.5-1级；钢管的奥氏体晶粒度可提高0.5级左右，铁素体晶粒度可提高0.5-1级。还可以根据需要调整热轧无缝钢管的金相组织类型，铁素体-珠光体型低合金钢无缝管管根据不同壁厚的力学性能可提高10-50MPa，延伸率几乎不变。After forced air cooling, the high-temperature residence time of hot-rolled or normalized seamless steel pipes is greatly shortened, and the surface decarburization thickness of hot-rolled seamless steel pipes of medium-high carbon steel types can be reduced by 20-30%; The structure level can be reduced by 0.5-1 grade; the austenite grain size of the steel pipe can be increased by about 0.5 grade, and the ferrite grain size can be increased by 0.5-1 grade. The metallographic structure of the hot-rolled seamless steel pipe can also be adjusted according to the needs. The mechanical properties of the ferrite-pearlite low-alloy steel seamless pipe can be increased by 10-50MPa according to different wall thicknesses, and the elongation is almost unchanged.
实施例4：热轧型钢生产线Embodiment 4: hot-rolled section steel production line
热轧型钢生产线轧后强制风冷方法，适应的生产各种规格钢轨、工字钢、槽钢、角钢，经过粗轧、精轧后，热轧钢轨、型钢经输送辊道输送进入冷床，冷床为步进式，可实现热轧钢轨、型钢的横移。The hot-rolled section steel production line adopts the forced air cooling method after rolling, which is suitable for the production of various specifications of steel rails, I-beams, channel steels, and angle steels. After rough rolling and finishing rolling, the hot-rolled steel rails and section steels are transported into the cooling bed through the conveying roller table. The cooling bed is a stepping type, which can realize the lateral movement of hot-rolled steel rails and section steel.
在冷床入口端的长度方向分段布置风机，风机位于冷床侧面。风机出口高速空气经过风道均匀分配至出风口，出风口由上而下对冷床一定宽度区域上的热轧钢轨、型钢进行强制风冷。根据热轧钢轨、型钢规格和轧线生产节奏，设定和调整各风机的输出风速或风量，控制热轧钢轨、型钢全长温度均匀性，通过调整风机的风速或风量和冷床的输送频率控制的风冷速度和风冷终止温度，风速范围2～6m/s，热轧钢轨、型钢强制风冷的终冷温度根据工艺需要进行调节。Fans are arranged in sections in the length direction of the inlet end of the cooling bed, and the fans are located on the side of the cooling bed. The high-speed air from the fan outlet is evenly distributed to the air outlet through the air duct, and the air outlet performs forced air cooling on the hot-rolled rails and section steel on a certain width area of the cooling bed from top to bottom. Set and adjust the output wind speed or air volume of each fan according to the specifications of hot-rolled steel rails and section steel and the production rhythm of the rolling line, and control the temperature uniformity of the entire length of hot-rolled steel rails and section steel. By adjusting the wind speed or air volume of the fans and the transmission frequency of the cooling bed Controlled air-cooling speed and end temperature of air-cooling, the wind speed ranges from 2 to 6m/s, and the final cooling temperature of forced air-cooling of hot-rolled rails and section steel is adjusted according to process requirements.
采用轧后强制风冷后，热轧钢轨、型钢高温停留时间大幅度缩短，高碳钢钢轨的表层脱碳厚度可降低20-30％。对热轧工字钢、H型钢、槽钢和角钢轧后强制风冷后，钢的奥氏体晶粒度可提高0.5级左右，铁素体晶粒度可提高0.5-1级，型钢的力学性能可提高15-40MPa，延伸率几乎不变。After forced air cooling after rolling, the high-temperature residence time of hot-rolled steel rails and section steels is greatly shortened, and the surface decarburization thickness of high-carbon steel rails can be reduced by 20-30%. For hot-rolled I-beam, H-beam, channel steel and angle steel, after forced air cooling after rolling, the austenite grain size of the steel can be increased by about 0.5 grades, and the ferrite grain size can be increased by 0.5-1 grade. The mechanical properties can be increased by 15-40MPa, and the elongation is almost unchanged.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116103576A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-12 | 北京科技大学 | Hot rolled ribbed straight bar with yield strength of 500MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116673348A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-09-01 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | A rapid cooling system for aluminum alloy coil |
| CN119634468A (en) * | 2025-02-18 | 2025-03-18 | 常州机械刀片有限公司 | Alloy steel hot rolling mill and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116103576A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-12 | 北京科技大学 | Hot rolled ribbed straight bar with yield strength of 500MPa and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116103576B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-05-24 | 北京科技大学 | A hot-rolled ribbed straight steel bar with a yield strength of 500 MPa and a manufacturing method thereof |
| CN116673348A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-09-01 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | A rapid cooling system for aluminum alloy coil |
| CN119634468A (en) * | 2025-02-18 | 2025-03-18 | 常州机械刀片有限公司 | Alloy steel hot rolling mill and use method thereof |
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