CN116023916A - Nanometer self-adaptive profile control and flooding agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nano self-adaptive control and drive agent, the structural formula of which is:

Wherein: n=2-8; m=6-20; R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is one of hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, hectorite nanoparticles, and metal oxide nanoparticles. A preparation method of a nano self-adaptive control and displacement agent, comprising (1), mixing unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stirring and reacting at 20°C to 60°C for 4h to 8h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a reaction liquid; (2), Put an organic solvent into the reaction solution, and after introducing hydrogen gas for at least 30 minutes, raise the temperature to 30°C-80°C, keep the temperature constant and stir for 1-4 hours to obtain the reaction solution; (3), raise the temperature of the reaction solution to 100°C- At 180°C, add dimethylamine and mix, stir for 0.5-3 hours, then add nanoparticles, continue stirring for 2-5 hours, then cool to obtain nano-adaptive control and displacement agent.

Description

Nano adaptive flooding agent and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a control and displacement agent for oil field development, in particular to a nano self-adaptive control and displacement agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background Art

As an important technical measure to improve the effect of water drive development, control water and stabilize oil to achieve stable production of oil reservoirs, the displacement technology can economically and effectively adjust and improve the heterogeneity of the oil reservoir, and has made important contributions to the sustained stable and high production of water drive oil fields.

However, when most oil reservoirs enter the middle and late stages of development, the heterogeneity of the reservoirs has an increasingly serious impact on the displacement effects of water drive and chemical drive. The heterogeneity problem is becoming increasingly serious, large pores are increasingly developed, the remaining oil is becoming increasingly dispersed, the demand for profile control in high-temperature and high-salinity reservoirs is increasing, and the effect of conventional profile control is deteriorating. The reservoirs have put forward higher requirements for profile control technology.

The self-emulsification behavior of adaptive displacement agents provides feasibility for deep displacement and plugging of advantageous seepage channels. The droplets produced by self-emulsification can plug the formation through the Jamin effect, and the high elasticity of the aggregates provides the possibility for selective plugging. At the same time, the characteristics of adaptive materials make it possible to control the migration and plugging of the displacement system, locate the displacement agent, and apply it in special reservoir environments.

Nano-adaptive flooding agent has high reactivity, high cohesion energy, and the process is reversible. Even if it is destroyed, it can be re-emulsified under certain conditions. The re-emulsification ability of nano-adaptive flooding agent provides the possibility for the long-term effectiveness of flooding system. Chinese invention patent ZL 201410773016.6, nano self-emulsifying system and its preparation method provide a nano self-emulsifying system for flooding, which is an oil-in-water type nanoparticle sol, but the above patent is an oil-in-water type emulsion, which not only has poor thermal stability, but also has poor migration ability and cannot enter the deep oil layer for flooding.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a nano-adaptive control agent and a preparation method thereof.

Technical solution: A nano-adaptive displacement agent, the structural formula of which is:

Wherein: n = 2 to 8; m = 6 to 20;

R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is one of hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, laponite nanoparticles, and metal oxide nanoparticles.

Furthermore, the metal of the metal oxide nanoparticles is one of titanium, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, iron, nickel, and chromium, preferably titanium or zinc.

Furthermore, the nanoparticles are hectorite nanoparticles or hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles, preferably hectorite nanoparticles.

A method for preparing a nano self-adaptive control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stir and react at 20°C to 60°C for 4h to 8h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution;

(2) Add an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), introduce hydrogen for at least 30 minutes, raise the temperature to 30° C. to 80° C., maintain the temperature and stir for 1 to 4 hours to obtain a reaction solution;

(3) The reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 100° C. to 180° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and the nanoparticles are added after stirring for 0.5 to 3 hours. The mixture is stirred for 2 hours to 5 hours and then cooled to obtain a nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is one or more of oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, myristic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.

Furthermore, the alcohol in step (1) is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol.

Furthermore, in step (1), the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol is 10:(1-8), and optimally 10:(3-6).

Furthermore, the organic solvent in step (2) is one or more of m-xylene, toluene, benzene and xylene.

Furthermore, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 40-70° C., and the reaction time is 2-3 h.

Furthermore, in step (2), the organic solvent is 20% to 50% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 30% to 45% by weight.

Furthermore, in step (2), after adding the organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), hydrogen is first introduced for 0.5 to 2 h, and then the temperature is raised to 40° C. to 80° C., and the introduction of hydrogen is stopped 0.5 to 2 h after the reaction is completed.

Furthermore, in step (3), the reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 120-170° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and the nanoparticles are added after stirring for 1-2 hours, and the mixture is further stirred for 3-4 hours and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, in step (3), the dimethylamine is 1% to 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 3% to 6%.

Furthermore, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 1% to 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 2% to 5%.

Furthermore, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 10 to 50 nm, preferably 20 to 45 nm, more preferably 20 to 35 nm.

Furthermore, in step (3), dimethylamine is added at least three times, each time with an interval of 20 to 40 minutes.

The lithium laponite nanoparticles are well-monodispersed disc-shaped particles with a particle thickness of about 1 nm and a diameter of about 25 nm. It is a 2:1 type layered silicate, with a silicon-oxygen tetrahedron sheet on each side of the magnesium-oxygen octahedron sheet sharing oxygen atoms with it, and part of the Mg ²⁺ in the lattice is replaced by Li ⁺ , so that its surface has a permanent negative charge, and the surface negative charge density is about 1.4e/nm ^2. In addition, when the lithium laponite particles are dispersed in the aqueous phase, the hydroxyl groups on the edge of the particles will be protonated, resulting in a small amount of positive charge on its edge. The average chemical composition of lithium laponite is: SiO ₂ 66.2%; MgO 30.2%; Na ₂ O 2.9%; Li ₂ O0.7%, and the corresponding chemical formula is [(Si ₈ (Mg _5.34 Li _0.66 )O ₂₀ (OH) ₄ ]Na _0.66 .

Hectorite has good dispersibility in water. At low concentrations, the hectorite water dispersion system is in a transparent fluid state. When the particle concentration is greater than 2wt%, the dispersion system quickly forms a gel. The formation of this gel structure is mainly due to the fact that the edges and faces of clay particles have opposite charges. The faces and sides of different particles attract each other under the action of electrostatic attraction, so that the particles are connected to each other to form an edge-face association structure, which is further strengthened by the van der Waals effect to form a "house of cards" type three-dimensional network structure.

The hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles are represented by the following general formula: [M ²⁺ _1-x M ³⁺ _x (OH) ₂ ] ^x+ A ^n- _x/n ·mH ₂ O,

Among them, M ²⁺ refers to divalent metal cations, such as Mg ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Co ²⁺ , and Zn ²⁺ ; M ³⁺ refers to trivalent metal cations, such as Al ³⁺ , Cr ³⁺ , Fe ³⁺ , Co ^{3+ ,} and Ni ³⁺ ; x is the number of trivalent metal ions; A refers to anions with a valence of n, such as Cl- ^{, OH-} , NO _3- , CO ₃ ^2- , and SO ₄ ^2- ; m is the number of interlayer water molecules. It is preferably represented by the following general formula: [M ²⁺ _1-x M ³⁺ _x (OH) ₂ ] ^x+ A ^n- _x/n ·mH ₂ O, wherein M ²⁺ refers to divalent metal cation Mg ²⁺ ; M ³⁺ refers to trivalent metal cation Al ³⁺ ; x is the number of trivalent metal ions; A refers to anions with a valence of n such as Cl ^- , OH ^- , NO ₃ ^- , CO ₃ ^2- , SO ₄ ^2- ; m is the number of interlayer water molecules; wherein the molar ratio of Mg:Al is 2:3.

The nano-adaptive flooding agent and the preparation method thereof disclosed in the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

1. The nano-adaptive flooding agent developed by the present invention is connected with nano-particles during the synthesis process, which not only enhances the emulsification performance, but also plays a plugging role at the pore throat, improves the oil washing efficiency and plays a role in micro-controlling the oil-water distribution, thereby improving the recovery rate of high water-content reservoirs;

2. The preparation method is simple and suitable for industrial production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a test device for an indoor simulation test.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the synthesis route of the nano-adaptive control agent prepared in Example 1.

in:

1- Horizontal flow pump 2- Pressure gauge 3-Intermediate container 4-Core tube

Specific implementation method:

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

The reactions are all carried out in a normal pressure reactor, and the chemicals involved can all be purchased on the market.

In this application: the indoor physical modeling experiment of improving oil recovery is carried out as follows:

1. Test methods

1) Permeability measurement

In most rock formations, the flow of oil, gas and water conforms to Darcy's law, that is,

Q——seepage through the sand layer, cm ³ /s

K——Permeability of sand layer, Darcy

A——seepage cross-sectional area cm ² , here is the internal cross-sectional area of the core tube

ΔL——The distance between the two seepage sections in cm, here is the length of the core tube

μ——Viscosity of the liquid, centipoise

ΔP _r ——The reduced pressure difference between the two seepage sections, MPa. When the heights of each point are the same, the reduced pressure is equal to the measured pressure difference.

The permeability is

Since permeability is independent of the properties of the liquid, the permeability of the filled core tube can be measured by water injection. The viscosity of water is known, ΔP is read from the pressure gauge, Q is calculated from the amount of discharged liquid and the discharge time, and A and ΔL are both known values, so the value of K can be calculated.

2. Test process: saturated water - saturated oil - water drive to 98% water content - injection of 1PV of displacement agent - subsequent water drive to 98% water content.

3. Test principle

The test was simulated indoors according to the actual situation of the oil field. The test device diagram is shown in Figure 1. At the beginning of the test, the cemented core with a certain permeability was saturated with water to measure the permeability; then the core was saturated with crude oil; in order to make the simulation test closer to the site, the core tube was aged with crude oil. Here, the oil-saturated core tube was placed in an oven at 80°C and aged for about 48 hours; water was driven to 98% water content, and then 1PV of displacement agent was injected, and 0.1PV of water was injected for displacement, and then water was driven again until the water content reached 98%, and the water drive was stopped.

4. Experimental steps

(1) Use clean water at pump displacements of 200 mL/h and 300 mL/h to accurately determine the permeability K of the core: measure three values at each displacement. Note that the measurements are made when the displacement increases. The reason is that the larger the system displacement, the greater the pressure difference at both ends of the core, which makes it easier to form large channels in the core.

(2) Saturated crude oil: Saturate the oil at a pump displacement of 0.2 mL/min until the discharged crude oil contains no water. The saturated oil volume is read from the volume of discharged clean water.

(3) Aging of crude oil: The core tube was placed in an oven at 80°C for about 48 hours.

(4) After taking out the core tube, place it in a constant temperature water bath at 80℃, connect the pipeline, and perform water flooding (note that the uniform displacement of water flooding is set to 0.2mL/min): During water flooding, use a 10mL measuring cylinder to collect the discharge liquid at the core outlet, record the pressure at full scale, and place the measuring cylinder in the water bath to read the oil and water volume respectively when the oil-water interface is clear. Water flooding until the water content of the discharge liquid at the core tube outlet is about 98% (use a 10mL measuring cylinder to collect the discharge liquid at the core outlet), then stop water injection.

(5) 0.2 mL/min: After 1 PV of displacement agent (concentration 4000 mg/L) is loaded into a clean and dry intermediate container, the oil displacement stage is started. In this stage, the pump displacement is uniformly set to 200 mL/h. As with water displacement, the pressure, oil volume, and water volume of the discharged liquid are recorded every 10 mL or so.

(6) Subsequent water drive: The method is the same as the previous water drive, and the water drive is stopped when 2 to 3 PVs are reached.

(7) Calculate the recovery factor. The oil volume produced from the start of injection to the end of subsequent water flooding divided by the saturated oil volume is the enhanced recovery factor.

Example 1

A method for preparing a nano self-adaptive control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) First, add 1000 kg of oleic acid into a reaction kettle, then add 375 kg of ethylene glycol while stirring, heat to 40°C, stir for reaction for 6 hours, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution;

(2) Pump 250 kg of m-xylene into the reaction solution obtained in step (1), stir, introduce hydrogen for 30 min, then raise the temperature to 50° C., maintain the temperature and stir for 2 h to obtain a reaction solution,

(3) The temperature of the mixture obtained in step (2) was raised to 160° C., 6.7 kg of dimethylamine was added in three times, each time with an interval of 30 min, and stirred for 1 h after the addition was complete. 30 kg of nano-silicon dioxide particles were added, and the mixture was continued to be stirred for 3 h before being cooled to room temperature to obtain a nano-adaptive control agent (i.e., the product).

The schematic diagram of the synthesis route of Example 1 is shown in Figure 2.

The performance comparison between the nano-adaptive displacement agent prepared by the above-mentioned embodiment and the commonly used emulsifier in oil fields currently on the market is listed in the following Table 1.

The water used in the performance evaluation experiment was produced water from Gudao Oilfield; the crude oil used was produced crude oil from Gudao Oilfield. The concentration used in the product performance evaluation was 0.4wt%.

Table 1

It can be seen from the above table that the nano-adaptive flooding agent obtained in Example 1 can self-emulsify crude oil, and the recovery rate after indoor physical simulation water flooding is greatly improved compared with the emulsifier commonly used in oil fields.

Example 2

A nano adaptive flooding agent, the structural formula of which is:

Where: n = 2; m = 6;

R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is a hydrotalcite-like nanoparticle.

Example 3

A nano adaptive flooding agent, the structural formula of which is:

Where: n = 8; m = 20;

R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is a silicon dioxide nanoparticle.

Example 4

A nano adaptive flooding agent, the structural formula of which is:

Where: n = 4; m = 10;

R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is a laponite nanoparticle.

Example 5-11

It is substantially the same as Example 4, except that the nanoparticles R are different:

Nanoparticles R Example 5 Titanium oxide nanoparticles Example 6 Zinc oxide nanoparticles Example 7 Alumina nanoparticles Example 8 Magnesium oxide nanoparticles Example 9 Iron oxide nanoparticles Example 10 Nickel oxide nanoparticles Embodiment 11 Chromium oxide nanoparticles

Example 12

A method for preparing a nano self-adaptive control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stir at 20° C. for 8 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution;

(2) Add an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), introduce hydrogen for 30 minutes, raise the temperature to 30° C., maintain the temperature constant, and stir the reaction for 4 hours to obtain a reaction solution;

(3) The reaction solution obtained in step (2) was heated to 100° C., dimethylamine was added and mixed, and the nanoparticles were added after stirring for 0.5 h. The mixture was stirred for 2 h and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is oleic acid.

Furthermore, the alcohol in step (1) is methanol.

Furthermore, in step (1), the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to alcohol is 10:1. In another embodiment, the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to alcohol in step (1) is 10:3.

Furthermore, the organic solvent in step (2) is m-xylene.

In another embodiment, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 40° C. and the reaction time is 3 h.

Furthermore, in step (2), the organic solvent is 20% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid. In another embodiment, in step (2), the organic solvent is 30% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

In another embodiment, in step (2), after adding the organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), 0.5% hydrogen is introduced, and then the temperature is raised to 30° C., and the introduction of hydrogen is stopped 0.5 h after the reaction is completed.

In another embodiment, in step (3), the reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 120° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and nanoparticles are added after stirring for 2 hours. The mixture is stirred for 3 hours and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Further, in step (3), the dimethylamine is 1% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid. In another embodiment, in step (3), the dimethylamine is 3% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

Further, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 1% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acids. In another embodiment, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 2% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acids.

Furthermore, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 10 nm. In another embodiment, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 20 nm.

Furthermore, in step (3), dimethylamine is added in three times, each time with an interval of 20 minutes.

Furthermore, the nanoparticles are hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles.

Example 13

A method for preparing a nano self-adaptive control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stir and react at 60° C. for 4 h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution;

(2) adding an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), introducing hydrogen for at least 30 min, raising the temperature to 80° C., maintaining the temperature and stirring to react for 1 to obtain a reaction solution;

(3) The reaction solution obtained in step (2) was heated to 180° C., dimethylamine was added and mixed, and the nanoparticles were added after stirring for 0.5 h. The mixture was stirred for 5 h and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is palmitic acid.

Furthermore, the alcohol in step (1) is ethanol.

Furthermore, in step (1), the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol is 10:8. In another embodiment, the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol in step (1) is 10:6.

Furthermore, the organic solvent in step (2) is toluene.

Furthermore, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 70° C. and the reaction time is 2 h.

Furthermore, in step (2), the organic solvent is 50% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid. In another embodiment, the organic solvent is 45% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

In another embodiment, in step (2), after adding the organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), hydrogen is first introduced for 2 h, and then the temperature is raised to 80° C., and the introduction of hydrogen is stopped 2 h after the reaction is completed.

Furthermore, in step (3), the reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 170° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and the nanoparticles are added after stirring for 2 hours. The mixture is stirred for 4 hours and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Further, in step (3), the amount of dimethylamine is 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid. In another embodiment, in step (3), the amount of dimethylamine is 3% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

Further, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acids. In another embodiment, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 2% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acids.

Furthermore, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 50 nm. In another embodiment, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 45 nm.

Furthermore, in step (3), dimethylamine is added in four times, each time with an interval of 40 minutes.

Furthermore, the nanoparticles in step (3) are silicon dioxide nanoparticles.

Embodiment 14

A method for preparing a nano self-adaptive control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stir and react at 40° C. for 6 h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution;

(2) Add an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), introduce hydrogen for at least 30 minutes, raise the temperature to 60° C., maintain the temperature and stir for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution;

(3) The reaction solution obtained in step (2) was heated to 140° C., dimethylamine was added and mixed, and the nanoparticles were added after stirring for 2 h. The mixture was stirred for 4 h and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is ricinoleic acid.

Furthermore, the alcohol in step (1) is propylene glycol.

Furthermore, in step (1), the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol is 10:5. In another embodiment, in step (1), the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol is 10:4.

Furthermore, the organic solvent in step (2) is benzene.

In another embodiment, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 60° C. and the reaction time is 2.5 h.

Further, in step (2), the organic solvent is 35% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid. In another embodiment, in step (2), the organic solvent is 40% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

In another embodiment, in step (2), after adding the organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), hydrogen is first introduced for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised to 60° C., and the introduction of hydrogen is stopped 1 hour after the reaction is completed.

In another embodiment, in step (3), the reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 150° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and nanoparticles are added after stirring for 1.5 hours. The mixture is stirred for 3.5 hours and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control agent.

Furthermore, in step (3), the dimethylamine is 5% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid.

Furthermore, in step (3), the nanoparticles are 4% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acids.

Furthermore, the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 30 nm.

Furthermore, in step (3), dimethylamine is added in five times, each time with an interval of 25 minutes.

Furthermore, the nanoparticles in step (3) are hectorite nanoparticles.

Examples 15-20

The same as Example 12, the only difference is that the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is different:

Examples 21-26

The same as Example 12, the only difference is that the alcohol in step (1) is different:

Examples 27-31

The same as Example 12, the only difference is that the organic solvent in step (2) is different:

The organic solvent in step (2) Embodiment 27 Toluene Embodiment 28 benzene Embodiment 29 Xylene Embodiment 30 A mixture of equal masses of toluene and benzene Embodiment 31 Mixture of equal masses of m-xylene, toluene, benzene and xylene

Examples 32-38

It is substantially the same as Example 14, except that the nanoparticles are different:

The above describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A nano adaptive flooding agent, characterized in that its structural formula is:

Wherein: n = 2 to 8; m = 6 to 20; R is a nanoparticle, and the nanoparticle is one of hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, laponite nanoparticles, and metal oxide nanoparticles. 2. A nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal of the oxidized metal nanoparticles is one of titanium, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, iron, nickel, and chromium, preferably titanium or zinc. 3. A nano adaptive displacement agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoparticles are hectorite nanoparticles or hydrotalcite-like nanoparticles, preferably hectorite nanoparticles. 4. A method for preparing a nano-adaptive displacement agent, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) Mix unsaturated fatty acid and alcohol, stir and react at 20°C to 60°C for 4h to 8h, and then cool to room temperature to obtain a reaction solution; (2) Add an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1), introduce hydrogen for at least 30 minutes, raise the temperature to 30° C. to 80° C., maintain the temperature and stir for 1 to 4 hours to obtain a reaction solution; (3) The reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 100° C. to 180° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and the nanoparticles are added after stirring for 0.5 to 3 hours. The mixture is stirred for 2 hours to 5 hours and then cooled to obtain a nano-adaptive control agent. 5. The method for preparing a nano adaptive displacement agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the unsaturated fatty acid in step (1) is one or more of oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, myristic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. 6. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control and displacement agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the alcohol in step (1) is one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol. 7. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the weight ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to alcohol in step (1) is 10:(1-8), and the optimal ratio is 10:(3-6). 8. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the organic solvent in step (2) is one or more of m-xylene, toluene, benzene and xylene. 9. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the reaction temperature in step (2) is 40-70°C and the reaction time is 2-3h. 10. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the organic solvent in step (2) is 20% to 50% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 30% to 45% by weight. 11. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, after adding an organic solvent to the reaction solution obtained in step (1) in step (2), hydrogen is first introduced for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 40° C. to 80° C., and the introduction of hydrogen is stopped 0.5 to 2 hours after the reaction is completed. 12. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control and displacement agent according to claim 4, characterized in that in step (3), the reaction solution obtained in step (2) is heated to 120-170° C., dimethylamine is added and mixed, and nanoparticles are added after stirring for 1-2 hours, and the mixture is further stirred for 3-4 hours and then cooled to obtain the nano-adaptive control and displacement agent. 13. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the dimethylamine in step (3) is 1% to 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 3% to 6%. 14. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive control agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the nanoparticles in step (3) are 1% to 10% by weight of the unsaturated fatty acid, preferably 2% to 5%. 15. The method for preparing a nano-adaptive displacement agent according to claim 4, characterized in that the particle size of the nanoparticles in step (3) is 10 to 50 nm, preferably 20 to 45 nm, and more preferably 20 to 35 nm; In step (3), dimethylamine is added at least three times, each time with an interval of 20 to 40 minutes.

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