CN115786694B - Pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper ore and its application, comprising step: S1, performing material control on the zinc-lead-copper ore to obtain a mixed material; wherein, in the mixed material, zinc, lead, and copper The proportion of element content is 15～50:5～30:0～10, the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3～10:1～10:4～11; S2, solidify the mixed material Knot treatment, get pretreatment. The invention can take into account the compressive strength and air permeability of the pretreated product in the way of self-bonding of the molten components, which is helpful for subsequent smelting, has a simplified process and strong practicability, and is worthy of popularization.

Description

Pretreatment method and application of zinc-lead-copper ore

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of pretreatment of metallurgical raw materials, in particular to a method for pretreatment of zinc-lead-copper ore and its application.

Background technique

The agglomeration and consolidation process is the current metallurgical industry in order to improve the smelting properties of powdery materials such as particle size, compressive strength, porosity, reduce the dust rate in the smelting process, and remove some harmful impurities. a preprocessing method.

Zinc-lead-copper ore, as a multi-metal coexisting and complex composition, is difficult to process. At present, the process of synergistic processing of zinc-lead-copper ore is relatively rare. According to the characteristics of zinc-lead-copper ore materials, it can be conventionally granulated or agglomerated with the goal of reducing dust rate, that is, after physical mixing, it will directly form a block material with a certain particle size but no compression resistance, and then granulate it with fire It is smelted by the method of smelting. However, the obtained agglomerates have insufficient strength and poor gas permeability, which have a great influence on the smelting effect.

In order to improve the strength of the pellets, various binders are usually added during the pellet production process, as the patent document CN106222402B discloses a production method of titanium concentrate pellets: weighing titanium by weight percentage Concentrate 60%-80%, iron oxide 20%-40%; external bentonite 1.0-1.5% bentonite; B, pelletizing; C, drying: raw pellet drying; D, preheating, roasting; E, cooling , natural cooling that is titanium concentrate pellets.

Binders mainly include electrodeless binders and organic binders, among which organic binders include bentonite, slaked lime, limestone, dolomite and cement; and inorganic binders include pulp waste liquid, humic acid, Palido, etc.

However, the addition of the above-mentioned binder makes the inside of the agglomerate tightly bonded, which reduces the porosity of the agglomerate, and the air permeability of the subsequent reduction process is poor, which is not conducive to gas-solid reduction and affects the smelting effect. And the organic matter in the organic additive is easy to decompose and burn at high temperature, releases toxic substances (sulfur oxides and dioxins, etc.) Loss of cohesion), which will affect the smelting effect and the environment.

In order to solve the technical problems of low heat intensity and poor air permeability of the agglomerates in the above-mentioned common technologies, the present invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper ore and its application.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems of low heat intensity and poor air permeability of the agglomerates in the above-mentioned common technologies, the present invention provides a method for pretreatment of zinc-lead-copper ore, comprising the steps of:

S1, performing material control on the zinc-lead-copper ore material to obtain a mixed material;

Wherein, in the mixed material, the element content ratio of zinc, lead, and copper is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide, and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1 ~10:4~11;

S2, performing a consolidation treatment on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated product.

Further, the zinc-lead-copper ore material includes one or more of zinc-lead-copper oxide material and renewable resources.

Further, the zinc-lead-copper oxide material includes zinc-containing oxidized ore, lead-containing oxidized ore, copper-containing oxidized ore, lead-silver slag from a zinc hydrometallurgy system, alum slag, goethite slag, lead-containing soot, secondary oxidation Zinc soot, lead-zinc smelting dedusting sludge, lead-zinc-copper scum, copper-containing electroplating sludge, galvanized sludge, steel plant zinc-containing soot, hot-dip galvanizing process dust, zinc powder replacement precious metal sludge, waste zinc-manganese batteries one or more of.

Further, the renewable resources include one or more of waste circuit boards, electronic components, leaded glass, and lead battery paste.

Further, the substance regulation includes mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resources, and controlling the zinc, lead, and copper elements of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material and the renewable resources during the mixing process. content and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide to obtain a mixed material.

Further, the particle size of the mixed material is 1mm-20mm, and the moisture content of the mixed material is 0.5%-15%.

Further, before the consolidation treatment in the step S2, there is also a step of briquetting the mixed material. The briquetting process includes: applying a pressure of 3 to 15 MPa to the mixed material, pressing down to obtain first structure.

Further, before the consolidation treatment in the step S2, there is also a step of performing agglomeration treatment on the mixed material, and the agglomeration treatment includes: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.

Further, in the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature is 900-950° C., and the consolidation time is 20-90 minutes.

The present invention also provides an application of any one of the above pretreatment methods in pyrometallurgy of zinc-lead-copper ore.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least includes the following advantages:

1. The present invention applies the consolidation technology to zinc-lead-copper ore materials with multiple metals coexisting and complex composition, effectively improving the smelting properties such as its material particle size, compressive strength, and porosity, thereby obtaining agglomerates (that is, the above-mentioned pretreated products , the same below) pretreatment with high strength and good air permeability. Compared with the traditional technology in which the zinc-lead-copper ore is put into the furnace for smelting in the way of ordinary agglomeration or collocated and disposed in the corresponding primary smelting system, the pretreated agglomerate obtained in the present invention has high strength and good air permeability, which makes the smelting effect better , the recovery rate is higher.

2. The present invention limits the proportion of materials in the mixed material through material control, effectively improving the agglomerate strength of the pretreated product. Compared with the technical means of adding a binder to the mineral material in the common technology, the present invention takes into account the pretreatment The air permeability of the treated material, the heat intensity and smelting effect after entering the furnace. On the one hand, rationally adjust the proportion of the mixed material, skillfully use part of the low melting point components in the mixed material to soften and melt, and at a lower temperature, the unmelted components in the mixed material are consolidated and glued, and the block is made by simple pressing Or after the pellets are granulated, the pretreated material that meets the smelting compressive heat strength can be obtained. During the smelting process of the pretreated product, the molten components are bonded and fixed so that the agglomerate will not be broken and softened in the high temperature and high pressure smelting environment; on the other hand, the particle size of the pretreated product is different, and there are gaps inside the agglomerate. During the process, the pretreated material further shrinks and sticks to form voids to obtain higher air permeability, so that the airflow in the furnace is evenly distributed, thereby increasing the reaction rate.

In addition, compared with the prior art, the pretreated product obtained by the present invention has higher grades of valuable metals, lower amount of slag in the smelting process, no toxic and harmful gases such as dioxins, and no secondary pollution to the environment. It meets the requirements of today's environmental benefit indicators and is worth popularizing.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the pretreatment of zinc-lead-copper ore material produced in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the pretreated object prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the implementation manners in the present invention, all other implementation manners obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Moreover, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered as a combination of technical solutions. Does not exist, nor is it within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

When the examples give numerical ranges, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the present invention, the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention are consistent with those skilled in the art's grasp of the prior art and the description of the present invention, and can also be used with the methods, equipment, and materials described in the embodiments of the present invention Any methods, apparatus and materials of the prior art similar or equivalent to the practice of the present invention.

It should be noted that the smelting performance indicators of agglomerates mainly include compressive strength and air permeability. Among them, compressive strength mainly includes cold strength and hot strength in the field of metal smelting, and cold strength refers to the strength of agglomerates at normal temperature. , while the thermal strength refers to the strength of the agglomerate during the smelting process. Only when the heat intensity is high enough, can the agglomerate resist the high pressure during the smelting process and avoid fragmentation, thereby ensuring the quality of the smelted product.

Air permeability is an important indicator in the smelting process, and its importance is mainly reflected in the following: agglomerates with good air permeability can ensure uniform distribution of air flow and pressure difference during the smelting process, thereby increasing the reaction rate and ensuring product quality.

The invention provides a kind of pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper ore material, comprising steps:

S1, performing material control on the zinc-lead-copper ore material to obtain a mixed material.

In some embodiments, the zinc-lead-copper mineral material includes one or more of zinc-lead-copper oxide material and renewable resources.

In other embodiments, the zinc-lead-copper oxide material includes zinc-containing oxide ore, lead-containing oxide ore and copper-containing oxide ore, lead-silver slag from a zinc hydrometallurgy system, zinc leaching slag, lead-containing fume, zinc suboxide Soot, lead-zinc smelting dedusting sludge, lead-zinc-copper dross (can include one or more of lead dross, zinc dross and/or copper dross), copper-containing electroplating sludge, galvanized sludge, One or more of zinc-containing soot from steel mills, hot-dip galvanizing process dust, zinc powder replacement precious metal sludge, and waste zinc-manganese batteries; the renewable resources include urban minerals such as waste circuit boards, electronic components, and lead-containing glass And one or more of secondary resources such as lead battery lead paste.

Among the commonly used technologies, zinc-lead-copper oxide materials and renewable resources are mostly combined with smelting, supplemented by rotary kiln, rotary hearth furnace and other processes for recycling; such as lead-based solid waste, copper-based urban minerals, etc. are mostly used in separate lead and copper smelting The system is matched with disposal, soot from zinc-containing steel plants is mostly volatilized and enriched in the rotary kiln and rotary hearth furnace to realize the separation of zinc and iron.

However, there are still some disadvantages that cannot be ignored. First of all, for zinc-containing materials such as zinc-containing/copper electroplating sludge and hydrometallurgy slag, there is generally no mature recycling technology in the industry, and the recycling rate is low. Secondly, the characteristics of zinc-lead-copper ore and zinc-lead-copper waste required for smelting and renewable resources are becoming more and more prominent, such as the coexistence of multiple metals, complex composition, and difficult disposal. The technology for co-processing and recycling of multi-metal materials needs to be developed urgently.

Therefore, the present invention provides a pretreatment method for zinc-lead-copper ore materials, which can be used for synergistic treatment and recovery of zinc-lead-copper oxide materials and renewable resources, so as to maximize economic and environmental benefits.

In some embodiments, in the mixed material, the element content ratio of zinc, lead, and copper is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide, and silicon dioxide is 3 ~10:1~10:4~11.

The zinc, lead and copper elements in the above mixed material mainly exist in the form of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide respectively.

Controlling the mass ratio of zinc oxide, lead oxide, and copper oxide in the mixed material to 15-50:5-30:0-10 can obtain higher grades of valuable metals, reduce the amount of slag, and achieve metal oxidation through proportion matching Adhesive consolidation between objects; control the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide, and silicon dioxide at 3-10:1-10:4-11 to obtain a slag type with a lower melting point.

S2, performing a consolidation treatment on the mixed material to obtain a pretreated product.

In some embodiments, conventional granulation or agglomeration treatment is performed on the mixed material before consolidation treatment, so as to reduce the dust rate of the mixed material. That is, after physical mixing, a block material with a certain particle size but no compression resistance is directly formed, mainly including the following methods:

In small-scale production, such as in the laboratory, the mixed material is usually processed by briquetting or agglomeration, and the mixed material is made into regular columns, ellipsoids (10-50 mm in diameter) or pellets (10 mm in diameter) ~30mm).

In large-scale industrial production, the mixed materials can be directly sintered into blocks without the prefix briquetting or grouping treatment, and then put into the smelting furnace.

Those skilled in the art need to know that the existing consolidation technologies mainly include sintering, pelletizing, hot-pressing, cold-pressing bricks, boiling and roasting, etc.

Consolidation technology uses three stages of solid phase reaction, liquid phase generation and cooling and consolidation to make the mixed material form a pretreated product with a certain strength.

Exemplarily, when the mixed material is a sulfide material, such as the ISP lead-zinc smelting process, the lead-zinc mixed sulfide ore currently adopts a sintering process to oxidize and remove elemental sulfur in the raw material, volatilize some impurities, and obtain a blast reduction furnace material column compressive strength , Good air permeability sintered block. Zinc sulfide sintered agglomerates can be roasted in fluidized fluidized furnace to produce zinc calcine, and then wet leaching is used later; the smelting of lead sulfide concentrate molten pool also needs to pre-press the concentrate and flux to reduce the dust rate in the smelting process.

As another example, when the mixed material is iron concentrate, before entering the blast furnace for smelting, it also needs to go through sintering or pelletizing process to obtain qualified agglomerates that meet the compressive strength and air permeability of the blast furnace material column.

In the present invention, any one of the above-mentioned consolidation technologies is applied to the treatment of the zinc-lead-copper ore in the present invention. Compared with the traditional matching smelting or collocation in the smelting system, the consolidation technology is used to collaboratively pretreat the zinc-lead-copper ore , the obtained agglomerate (that is, the pretreated product, the same below) has good air permeability and high compressive strength, which is beneficial to subsequent smelting and maximizes resource recovery.

Exemplarily, the consolidation equipment may include hot pressing equipment, pellet equipment, rotary hearth furnace and other equipment.

In common techniques, the use of external binders also has the following disadvantages: on the one hand, due to the high consolidation temperature in the process of pellet making, the non-combustible inorganic components in the inorganic binder are increased, which greatly increases the amount of smelting slag in the later stage, which can High consumption reduces the yield of valuable metals in the smelting furnace, and at the same time adversely affects the quality of smelted products and the environment. On the other hand, organic matter in organic additives is easy to decompose and burn at high temperature, releasing toxic substances (sulfur oxides and dioxins, etc.), causing pollution to the environment; The heat intensity of the agglomerate is reduced, which makes the agglomerate easily broken during the smelting process, which is not good for the smelting effect.

In addition, the air permeability of the agglomerate is not good when the binder is added. The addition of the binder makes the inside of the agglomerate very tightly bonded. If the agglomerate is pressed too tightly, it is not conducive to the airflow and pressure distribution in the gaps inside the agglomerate during the subsequent smelting process.

The pretreatment method provided by the present invention utilizes the special proportion in the mixed material to increase the compressive strength of the mixed material in a self-adhesive manner during the consolidation process, and it is stable at room temperature, and the internal melting components after heating Soften and glue the unmelted components, effectively improving the thermal strength of the pretreated product during the smelting process. At the same time, the prepared pretreated product produces less ash during the smelting process, is more friendly to the environment, and produces high-quality products without generating toxic gases.

In addition, the pretreated product prepared by the present invention still has relatively high air permeability during the smelting process. The pre-treated matter mainly depends on the tight cementation and shrinkage of the molten components, and the unmelted components remain in the original position, that is, a loose and porous agglomerate with a certain compressive strength is formed, that is, the pre-treated matter in the present invention. During the smelting process, the gas in the furnace is filled in the gaps of the agglomerates, and the pressure is evenly distributed, which is conducive to improving the smelting effect and smelting rate.

In some embodiments, the substance regulation includes mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resource, and controlling the zinc, lead, and zinc content of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material and the renewable resource during the mixing process. The element content of copper and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide are used to obtain a mixed material.

Specifically, the way to control the amount of each component can be through component analysis, ingredient calculation and other ways.

By making full use of urban minerals such as waste circuit boards, electronic components, lead-containing glass, and secondary resources such as lead-acid battery lead paste in renewable resources, it is possible to effectively process high-value renewable resources that have a large environmental burden, and the process is simplified But the benefits are considerable and the implementability is extremely strong.

In some embodiments, when zinc-lead-copper ore, zinc-lead-copper waste and renewable resources are difficult to meet the ratio requirements, the ratio can be made to meet the above-mentioned limited requirements by adding additives. Wherein, the additive can be calcium iron silicon additive.

The particle size of the mixed material may be 1mm-20mm, and the moisture content of the mixed material may be 0.5%-15%. Uniform and fine particles are conducive to subsequent briquetting or agglomeration processing, and are also conducive to improving the product quality and reaction efficiency of subsequent smelting. However, limiting the moisture content of the mixed material is conducive to the excitation of some adhesive components in the mixed material and improves the adhesive effect.

In some embodiments, before the consolidation treatment in step S2, there is also a step of performing briquetting treatment on the mixed material, and the briquetting treatment includes: applying a pressure of 3-15 MPa to the mixed material, pressing down get the first structure.

When the briquetting process is realized in a small-scale process, such as in a laboratory, the mixed material can be made into a first structure by using briquetting equipment such as a static press, pelletizing equipment, and a pair of rollers. The first structure can be A column or ellipsoid with a diameter of 20-50 mm.

In some other embodiments, before the consolidation treatment in step S2, there is a step of performing agglomeration treatment on the mixed material, and the agglomeration treatment includes: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.

When the agglomeration process is realized in a small-scale process, such as in a laboratory, static presses, pelletizing equipment, roller machines and other pelletizing equipment can be used to apply a pressure of 1 to 20 MPa to the mixed material to obtain a pellet with a diameter of 10 to 30 mm. pellets.

Both the briquetting treatment and the agglomeration treatment belong to the pretreatment of the subsequent consolidation treatment, which is conducive to the uniform heating of the mixed material during the consolidation process, thereby improving the efficiency of consolidation.

In the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature may be 900-950° C., and the consolidation time may be 20 minutes-90 minutes. By limiting the consolidation temperature and consolidation time during the consolidation process, the low melting point components in the mixture are softened and melted, thereby consolidating and bonding other components, endowing the pretreated product with a higher compressive strength .

Moreover, the special components and proportioning in the present invention can perform well under the condition of low temperature consolidation. Compared with high temperature consolidation, it can maximize the reduction of pollutant discharge and energy consumption in the consolidation process, making the process green. At the same time effectively reduce costs.

In some embodiments, the pretreated material can be transferred from the consolidation equipment to a normal temperature environment, and slowly cooled in a normal temperature environment to obtain agglomerates with certain air permeability and compressive strength.

The present invention also provides an application of any one of the above pretreatment methods in pyrometallurgy of zinc-lead-copper ore.

For the convenience of those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, now give an example:

Example 1

The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper ore material. First, mix zinc-containing oxide ore, lead-containing soot, sub-oxide zinc soot, and lead-zinc-copper dross in proportion to form a composition of ZnO 45%, PbO 20%, CuO 10%, FeO 4%, CaO 5%, and SiO ₂ 5%. , Pb 10% mixed material. Wherein, the water content of the mixed material is 8%, and the particle size of the mixed material is 10-20mm.

After the mixed material is mixed evenly, the column block with a diameter of 20mm and a height of 15mm is obtained by a static press under a pressure of 5Mpa. The column block is consolidated at 900°C for 1 hour with the aid of a consolidation device, and then cooled slowly to obtain an average The pretreated product with a compressive strength of 1725N has a relatively high compressive strength and does not appear to be deformed or collapsed overall; and its appearance is densely covered with pores, which is conducive to the recovery of smelting processes such as subsequent reduction.

Example 2

The invention provides a pretreatment method of zinc-lead-copper ore material. First, the lead-containing oxide ore, jarosite slag, sub-zinc oxide soot, copper-containing electroplating sludge, galvanized sludge, and waste zinc-manganese batteries from a certain enterprise were mixed in proportion to form ZnO 42%, PbO 23%, CuO 4%, FeO 8%, CaO 8%, SiO ₂ 8%, Pb 3% mixed material. Wherein, the moisture content of the mixed material is 15%, and the particle size is 10-30mm.

Then the mixed material is compressed by a static press under a pressure of 8Mpa to obtain a column block with a diameter of 30mm and a height of 30mm, and then consolidated at 900°C for 80min and then cooled to obtain a pretreated product with an average compressive strength of 1879N. A scanning electron microscope image of the processed object is shown in FIG. 2 . The pretreated material was tested for porosity, and the porosity was 63%. It can be seen from the figure that the pretreated material not only has a compact appearance, but also has high compressive strength, and is also densely covered with holes, which can achieve high compressive strength while taking into account high porosity.

Comparative example 1

First, the lead-zinc oxide ore, goethite slag, copper-containing electroplating sludge, and zinc-containing soot from a steel plant were mixed in proportion to form ZnO 42%, PbO 21%, CuO 3%, FeO 7%, A mixture of CaO 6%, SiO ₂ 7%, and 2% common bentonite binder. Wherein, the moisture content of the mixed material is 15%, and the particle size is 10-30mm.

Then the mixed material was compressed by a static pressure machine under a pressure of 8Mpa to obtain a column block with a diameter of 30mm and a height of 30mm, and then consolidated at 900°C for 80min and then cooled to obtain a pretreated product with an average compressive strength of 1124N. The pretreatment was tested for porosity, and the porosity was 19%.

Through the comparison of Comparative Example 1 and Example 2, it can be known that under the same consolidation conditions and similar composition conditions, compared with the pretreated material obtained by pretreating the lead-zinc-copper ore with a binder such as bentonite in the common technology , the compressive strength and porosity of the pretreated product prepared by the present invention are greatly improved. During the smelting process of the pretreated product of the present invention, the gas in the furnace is filled in the gaps of the pretreated product, the pressure is evenly distributed, and high-quality smelted products are obtained efficiently and cleanly.

Among the above-mentioned technical solutions of the present invention, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Under the technical conception of the present invention, the equivalent structural transformations made by utilizing the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings , or directly/indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The pretreatment method of the zinc-lead-copper mineral aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, performing material regulation and control on the zinc-lead copper ore material to obtain a mixed material; the zinc-lead copper ore material comprises zinc-lead copper oxide materials and renewable resources; the zinc-lead-copper oxidation materials comprise one or more of zinc-containing oxidized ores, lead-containing oxidized ores, copper-containing oxidized ores, lead-silver slag of a zinc hydrometallurgy system, iron vitriol slag, needle iron slag, lead-containing smoke dust, secondary zinc oxide soot, lead-zinc smelting dust removal sludge, lead-zinc-copper scum, copper-containing electroplating sludge, zinc plating sludge, zinc-containing soot of a steel mill, hot galvanizing process dust, zinc powder replacement noble metal sludge and waste zinc-manganese battery; the renewable resources comprise one or more of electronic components, lead-containing glass and lead-acid battery lead paste;

the material regulation and control comprises the steps of mixing the zinc-lead-copper oxide material with the renewable resources, and controlling the element content of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide of the zinc-lead-copper oxide material and the renewable resources and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide in the mixing process to obtain a mixed material;

wherein, the element content ratio of zinc oxide, lead oxide and copper oxide in the mixed material is 15-50:5-30:0-10, and the mass ratio of ferrous oxide, calcium oxide and silicon dioxide is 3-10:1-10:4-11;

s2, after the mixed materials are briquetted or agglomerated, consolidation treatment is carried out to obtain a pretreated object; wherein, in the consolidation treatment, the consolidation temperature is 900-950 ℃ and the consolidation time is 20-90 min.

2. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the mixed material is 1mm to 20mm, and the water content of the mixed material is 0.5% to 15%.

3. The pretreatment method of claim 1, wherein briquetting the mixed material comprises: and (3) applying a pressure of 3-15 MPa to the mixed material, and pressing down to obtain the first structural body.

4. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the briquetting comprises: pelletizing the mixed material to obtain pellets.

5. Use of a pretreatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the pyrometallurgy of a chalcopyrite material.

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