CN115568655A - Flame-retardant fabric, preparation method thereof and flame-retardant work clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of flame-retardant fabrics, and specifically discloses a flame-retardant fabric, a preparation method thereof, and flame-retardant work clothes. The flame-retardant fabric of the present application includes an outer layer and an inner layer, and the outer layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 50-60 parts of silicon carbide powder and 30-50 parts of polyacrylonitrile adhesive; the inner surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30-40 parts of cotton fiber. The flame-retardant fabric of the present application has excellent flame-retardant performance, impact resistance and softness.

Description

A kind of flame-retardant fabric and its preparation method and flame-retardant work clothes

technical field

This application relates to the field of flame-retardant fabrics, more specifically, it relates to a flame-retardant fabric, its preparation method and flame-retardant work clothes.

Background technique

At present, the main flame-retardant fabrics are divided into two categories, one is post-finishing flame-retardant fabrics, such as pure cotton, polyester cotton, etc.; Mex, Australia PR97, etc. Essential flame retardant fabric is fiber flame retardant, also called permanent flame retardant fabric, mainly made of flame retardant fiber, its flame retardant effect is permanent, generally can be washed more than 50 times, still has good flame retardant burning effect.

In the related art, the Chinese application document with the application number 201911317271.9 discloses a preparation method of antibacterial and flame-retardant fiber and its fabric, specifically: washing and drying the collected white pure cotton waste fabric, crushing it, and then bleaching it with hydrogen peroxide , dried, and then treated with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution and dried to obtain alkali cellulose; mix alkali cellulose/hydroxyl-containing phosphorus flame retardant and cross-linking agent to make the mixture undergo hydroxylaminated cross-linking reaction , to prepare flame-retardant cellulose, mix flame-retardant cellulose and nano antibacterial sol to prepare cellulose solution, and then spin to obtain as-spun fibers, treat the as-spun fibers to obtain antibacterial and flame-retardant fibers, and use the prepared antibacterial and flame-retardant fibers, and flame-retardant Polyester or acrylic or aramid blended to make warp and weft yarns and form antibacterial and flame retardant fabrics.

In view of the related technologies mentioned above, the inventor believes that traditional flame-retardant fabrics only have excellent flame-retardant properties, but as flame-retardant work clothes, there is a risk of burning or molten foreign matter falling at any time at the fire scene, and flame-retardant fabrics also need It has impact resistance to molten or burning substances, and at the same time, in order to facilitate the work of the staff, the flame-retardant fabric also needs to have soft characteristics.

Contents of the invention

In order to prepare a flame-retardant surface with impact resistance and softness, the application provides a flame-retardant fabric, a preparation method thereof, and flame-retardant work clothes.

In the first aspect, the flame-retardant fabric provided by this application adopts the following technical solution:

A flame-retardant fabric, comprising an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 50-60 parts of silicon carbide powder and 30 parts by weight -50 parts of polyacrylonitrile adhesive; the inner surface layer is made of the following raw materials by weight: 20-25 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30-40 parts of cotton fiber; the weight of the above-mentioned parts is based on the weight of the flame-retardant fabric benchmark.

By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of the outer layer and the inner layer makes the flame-retardant fabric not only have the flame-retardant and impact-resistant properties of the outer layer, but also have the softness and comfort of the inner layer, which is convenient for making flame-retardant work clothes.

In the outer layer, the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is meta-aramid fiber, and the limiting oxygen index of meta-aramid fiber is greater than 28, so it will not continue to burn when it leaves the flame; meta-aramid fiber has a good Excellent thermal stability, can be used continuously at 205°C, and can still maintain high toughness at high temperatures above 205°C; meta-aramid has a high decomposition temperature, and will not melt under high temperature conditions, When the temperature is higher than 370°C, it starts to carbonize. After carbonization, a dense carbonized layer is formed, which protects the inside of the fiber from oxygen, and then stops itself. In the outer layer, silicon carbide powder, as a kind of bulletproof material, can resist the impact of burning or molten material falling, and powdery silicon carbide is used in the present invention, so that silicon carbide powder is coated on polyisophthalamide In addition to the diamine fiber, it does not affect the flexibility of the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber while being flame-retardant and resistant to foreign matter impact; and because the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber has The silicon carbide powder that is easy to deform and can withstand high temperatures of 1000°C is evenly distributed on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, which can prevent the deformation of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber at high temperature for a long time. The polyacrylonitrile adhesive has strong adhesive ability while being flame retardant, and firmly adheres the silicon carbide powder to the surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber. The finally prepared outer layer has the advantages of excellent flame retardancy, excellent impact resistance and good softness.

In the inner surface layer, the polyacrylonitrile fiber is a fiber with good fire resistance and softness, and the cotton fiber is a fiber with good softness and moisture absorption. As the inner surface layer, the work clothes made of flame-retardant fabrics are comfortable to wear and convenient. The staff makes various large-scale movements while working.

Optionally, the silicon carbide powder is coated on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber.

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, silicon carbide is the main material of bulletproof clothing, because it has excellent properties such as hardness and impact resistance, and silicon carbide is coated on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in the form of powder, then The finished outer layer can not only block the impact of foreign objects, but also does not affect the softness of the outer layer, so that the work clothes made of flame-retardant fabrics have excellent impact resistance and good softness at the same time.

Optionally, the polyacrylonitrile adhesive is coated on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, and the silicon carbide powder is coated on the outer surface of the polyacrylonitrile adhesive.

By adopting the above technical scheme, there are two purposes for the polyacrylonitrile adhesive to coat the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, one of which is to firmly bond silicon carbide to the polyisophthalamide fiber. Formamide m-phenylene diamide fiber outer surface; Another purpose is to increase the frictional force on the surface of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, so that when the polyacrylonitrile adhesive is not dry, the larger silicon carbide powder with hardness After being coated, the nano-scale silicon carbide powder can be embedded in the groove of the friction surface formed by the polyacrylonitrile adhesive, thereby increasing the adhesion of the silicon carbide powder on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber.

Optionally, the silicon carbide powder has a particle size of 100-400 nm.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm has a small particle size, so it can be evenly distributed on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, and it is not easy to fall off. The outer layer can not only block the impact of foreign objects, but also does not affect the softness of the outer layer, so that the work clothes made of flame-retardant fabrics can be easily moved by the staff after wearing them.

In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant fabric, which adopts the following technical solution:

A method for preparing a flame retardant fabric, comprising the steps of:

Step S1: Prepare the outer layer, immerse the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in the polyacrylonitrile binder for 30 minutes; take out the impregnated poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, and fix the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber The two ends of the diformyl m-phenylene diamide fiber are sprayed with silicon carbide powder on the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber to obtain the outer layer fiber, and the outer layer fiber is woven into the outer layer;

Step S2: preparing the inner surface layer, blending polyacrylonitrile fibers and cotton fibers, and weaving to form the inner surface layer;

Step S3: Weaving the inner surface layer and the outer layer together to make a flame-retardant fabric.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the purpose of impregnating the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is to make the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber uniformly covered with polyacrylonitrile adhesive, so as to ensure that the silicon carbide The powder is firmly adhered to the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber; the purpose of connecting the outer layer and the inner layer by weaving is to ensure that the outer layer and the inner layer are connected while ensuring The softness of the flame-retardant fabric; and in the flame-retardant fabric formed, the fibers extend in more directions, and the flame-retardant fabric is a fabric with a three-dimensional fiber structure, which can ensure that the flame-retardant fabric has a certain degree of air permeability.

Optionally, in the step S1, after spraying the silicon carbide powder on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, a drying step is also included to obtain the outer layer fiber after drying.

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the purpose of drying is to make the silicon carbide powder firmly adhere to the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber before weaving, so as to prevent the polyacrylonitrile adhesive from being damaged during weaving. Dry, thereby affecting the molding of silicon carbide powder on polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber.

Optionally, before the step S1, a pretreatment step is also included: immersing the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in a 15-25 wt% phosphoric acid solution, and treating it at 35-45°C for 1.5-2.5 After h, wash with distilled water.

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the purpose of phosphoric acid solution treatment is to make the surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber be etched to form grooves, and then the polyacrylonitrile adhesive can be firmly bonded to the polyisophthalamide fiber. The surface of the poly-m-phenylene diamide fiber, so that the silicon carbide powder is firmly bonded to the outer surface of the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber.

In the third aspect, the application provides a kind of work clothes, which adopts the following technical solution:

A kind of work clothes is prepared by using the above-mentioned flame-retardant fabric.

By adopting the above technical solution, the work clothes prepared from the flame-retardant fabric prepared by the present application have the advantages of flame retardancy, impact resistance, softness, moisture absorption, and good air permeability.

In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

1. In this application, silicon carbide powder is coated on the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, which will not affect the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide while being flame-retardant, blocking combustion or the impact of molten foreign matter. The softness of the fiber makes the prepared flame-retardant fabric have the characteristics of good flame-retardant performance, good impact resistance and good softness;

2. The role of silicon carbide powder is that since the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber is prone to deformation at high temperature for a long time, the silicon carbide powder that can withstand 1000°C is placed on the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber. The uniform distribution can prevent the deformation of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber at high temperature for a long time;

3. The polyacrylonitrile adhesive firmly bonds silicon carbide to the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, so that when the polyacrylonitrile adhesive is not dry, the nano-silicon carbide with higher hardness The powder can be embedded in the friction surface formed by the polyacrylonitrile binder to increase the adhesion of the silicon carbide powder on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber.

detailed description

The present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with examples and comparative examples.

The sources of raw materials for the following examples and comparative examples are provided: the raw materials for the examples and comparative examples are all commercially available.

A kind of embodiment of flame retardant fabric

Example 1

A flame-retardant fabric, the preparation steps of which are:

Pretreatment step: immerse 20g of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 20wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, and after treating at 40°C for 2h, spray it with distilled water three times;

Step S1: preparing the outer layer, immersing the treated polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 30 g of polyacrylonitrile binder for 30 minutes; taking out the impregnated poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, Fix the two ends of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber and straighten the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers so that the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers will not interact with each other. Sticky, use mechanical spraying method to spray 60g of silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, dry at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the outer layer fiber, and weave the outer layer fiber into the outer layer;

Step S2: Prepare the inner surface layer, use 25g polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30g cotton fiber to blend, and weave to form the inner surface layer;

Step S3: Weaving the inner surface layer and the outer layer together to make a flame-retardant fabric.

Example 2

A flame-retardant fabric, the preparation steps of which are:

Pretreatment step: immerse 30g of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 20wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, and treat it at 40°C for 2h, and spray it with distilled water three times;

Step S1: preparing the outer layer, immersing the treated polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 50 g of polyacrylonitrile binder for 30 minutes; taking out the impregnated poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, Fix the two ends of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber and straighten the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers so that the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers will not interact with each other. Sticky, use mechanical spraying method to spray 50g of silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, dry at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain the outer layer fiber, and weave the outer layer fiber into the outer layer;

Step S2: prepare the inner surface layer, use 20g polyacrylonitrile fiber and 40g cotton fiber to blend, and weave to form the inner surface layer;

Step S3: Weaving the inner surface layer and the outer layer together to make a flame-retardant fabric.

Example 3

A flame-retardant fabric, the preparation steps of which are:

Pretreatment step: immerse 25g of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 20wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, and treat it at 40°C for 2h, and spray it with distilled water three times;

Step S1: preparing the outer layer, immersing the treated polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in 40 g of polyacrylonitrile binder for 30 minutes; taking out the impregnated poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, Fix the two ends of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber and straighten the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers so that the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers will not interact with each other. Sticky, spray 55g of silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm on the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber by mechanical spraying method, dry at room temperature for 24h, obtain the outer layer fiber, and weave the outer layer fiber into the outer layer;

Step S2: Prepare the inner surface layer, use 23g polyacrylonitrile fiber and 35g cotton fiber to blend, and weave to form the inner surface layer;

Step S3: Weaving the inner surface layer and the outer layer together to make a flame-retardant surface.

Example 4

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S1 is different;

The silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400 nm in Example 3 was replaced by silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 0.5-1 mm in equal weight.

Example 5

The difference from Example 3 is that there is no preprocessing step.

Comparative example 1

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S1 is different;

Step S1: Prepare the outer layer, mix 55g of silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm and 40g of polyacrylonitrile binder evenly, and then add the pretreated polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber to the above mixture Immerse in the medium for 30min; take out the impregnated polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers, fix the two ends of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers, and place multiple polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers Straighten so that multiple polym-phenylene isophthalamide fibers do not stick to each other, dry at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain outer layer fibers, and weave the outer layer fibers into the outer layer.

Comparative example 2

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S1 is different;

Replace the polyacrylonitrile binder in step S1 with an equal weight of ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer.

Comparative example 3

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S1 is different;

No silicon carbide powder and polyacrylonitrile binder are added in step S1.

Comparative example 4

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S1 is different;

No polyacrylonitrile binder is added in step S1.

Comparative example 5

The difference from Embodiment 3 is that step S2 and step S3 are not performed;

The outer layer prepared in step S1 is used as a flame-retardant fabric.

Comparative example 6

Use the flame-retardant fabric purchased on the market, brand: Pacha; model: 02 style; product name: 02/14/17 firefighting combat uniform, cut a piece of this combat uniform as a flame-retardant fabric.

performance test

The flame retardant fabrics prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were used for performance testing, and the flame retardant performance, bending performance and molten metal drop impact resistance were detected; the flame retardant performance was tested according to GB8965.1-2020 " Flame-retardant clothing for protective clothing", the bending performance test is based on GB/T18318.1-2009 "Determination of the bending properties of textiles", the test basis for the impact resistance of molten metal drops is GB/T17599-1998 "Protective clothing fabrics are resistant to molten metal drop impact Determination of performance", the type of metal strip is J421, type E4313 steel strip, and the number of impacted metal drops is tested when the local temperature rise is higher than 40K; the test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

In conjunction with Examples 1, 2 and Example 3, it can be seen that the proportions of raw materials used in Examples 1, 2, and 3 are different, and the flame-retardant properties of the flame-retardant fabrics obtained are all better, but the relative bending stiffness of Example 3 is less than In Examples 1 and 2, the number of impact-resistant molten metal drops is greater than that in Examples 1 and 2, indicating that Example 3 has the best impact resistance and softness while ensuring the flame-retardant fabric is flame-retardant.

In conjunction with Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that Example 4 uses a silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 0.5-1mm, and Example 3 uses a silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 100-400nm, although Example 3 and Example 4 Flame retardant performance is all better, but the relative bending rigidity of embodiment 3 is far less than the relative bending rigidity of embodiment 4, and embodiment 3 anti-impact molten metal drop quantity is greater than embodiment 4, therefore, the anti-bending strength of embodiment 3 The impact performance and softness are the best, which proves that the particle size of silicon carbide powder has an impact on the softness and impact resistance of flame-retardant fabrics, especially the softness.

In conjunction with embodiment 3 and 5, it can be seen that embodiment 5 does not carry out pretreatment to polymphenylene isophthalamide fiber, and embodiment 3 has carried out pretreatment to polymphenylene isophthalamide fiber , the flame retardant properties of the flame retardant fabrics obtained in embodiment 3 and embodiment 5 are all better, but the relative bending stiffness of embodiment 3 is less than embodiment 5, and the number of anti-shock molten metal drops is greater than embodiment 5, embodiment 3 is guaranteed While the flame-retardant fabric is flame-retardant, it has the best impact resistance and softness, indicating that the pretreatment steps of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber have an impact on the impact resistance and softness of the flame-retardant fabric.

In combination with Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that Comparative Example 1 was not prepared according to the preparation process of the present invention, and the flame-retardant performance, softness and impact resistance of the flame-retardant fabric prepared in Comparative Example 1 were not as high as those of Example 1. 3. The prepared flame-retardant fabric is good, which proves that the preparation steps of the present invention have a great influence on the flame-retardant performance of the flame-retardant fabric.

In conjunction with Example 3 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that in Comparative Example 2, the polyacrylonitrile adhesive is replaced by ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, and the flame-retardant performance and softness of the flame-retardant fabric made in Comparative Example 2 Neither the flame retardant fabric nor the impact resistance is as good as the flame retardant fabric prepared in Example 3, which proves that the type of adhesive has a great influence on the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant fabric.

In conjunction with Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3, 4, and 5, it can be seen that silicon carbide powder and polyacrylic acid binder are not added in Comparative Example 3, and polyacrylic acid binder is not added in Comparative Example 4. The resistance of Comparative Example 5 The flame retardant fabric does not have an inner surface layer, and the data proves that the flame retardant performance, softness and impact resistance of the flame retardant fabrics made in Comparative Examples 3, 4, and 5 are not as good as the flame retardant fabrics made in Example 3. In the preparation process of the fuel fabric, the outer fabric and the inner fabric are indispensable, and the raw materials in the outer fabric are also indispensable.

In combination with Example 3 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that the flame-retardant properties, softness and impact resistance of commercially available flame-retardant fabrics are not as good as those of the flame-retardant fabrics prepared in Example 3 of the present application, softness and impact resistance. Excellent impact resistance.

This specific embodiment is only an explanation of this application, and it is not a limitation of this application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contribution according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as the rights of this application All claims are protected by patent law.

Claims (8)

1. A flame-retardant fabric, characterized in that it comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, and the outer layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, 50-60 parts Parts of silicon carbide powder and 30-50 parts of polyacrylonitrile adhesive; The inner surface layer is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber and 30-40 parts of cotton fiber; The weight of the flame retardant fabric is the basis. 2. A flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide powder is coated on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber. 3. A kind of flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, the polyacrylonitrile adhesive is coated on the outer surface of the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, and the silicon carbide powder is coated on the Polyacrylonitrile adhesive exterior surface. 4. A flame-retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the silicon carbide powder has a particle size of 100-400nm. 5. A method for preparing the flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Prepare the outer layer, immerse the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in the polyacrylonitrile binder for 30 minutes; take out the impregnated poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, and fix the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber The two ends of the diformyl m-phenylene diamide fiber are sprayed with silicon carbide powder on the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber to obtain the outer layer fiber, and the outer layer fiber is woven into the outer layer; Step S2: preparing the inner surface layer, blending polyacrylonitrile fibers and cotton fibers, and weaving to form the inner surface layer; Step S3: Weaving the inner surface layer and the outer layer together to make a flame-retardant fabric. 6. The preparation method of a kind of flame-retardant fabric according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step S1, after spraying silicon carbide powder on polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, also comprises drying The step of drying to obtain the outer layer of fibers. 7. The preparation method of a kind of flame-retardant fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that, before the step S1, a pretreatment step is also included: dipping the polym-phenylene isophthalamide fiber in a 15- 25wt% phosphoric acid solution, and after 1.5-2.5h treatment at 35-45°C, wash with distilled water. 8. A work clothes, characterized in that it is prepared by using the flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1-4.