On-load tap-changer switching time sequence calculation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching time sequences of on-load tap-changer, in particular to a method for calculating the switching time sequences of the on-load tap-changer.
Background
The on-load tap changer is a device for adjusting output voltage by changing the turns ratio of a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding by switching the taps of a transformer winding under the condition of excitation or load of a transformer, and plays an important role in voltage adjustment of a power system. The switching process of the on-load tap-changer relates to the switching-on and switching-off of load current and circulating current, the contact bears an arc extinguishing function, and meanwhile, the contact serves as a mechanical device, internal parts possibly fail under long-term frequent operation, the contact of the contact is finally influenced, the effective arc extinguishing can not be realized, and short-circuit faults are caused. Actual operation shows that most faults of the on-load tap-changer occur in the switching process, especially the action switching of the main current-carrying contact and the arc-extinguishing contact.
However, the main field test items (direct current resistance test and transition waveform test or action characteristic test) of the existing on-load tap-changer cannot completely reflect the action contact condition of each contact in the switching process. The direct current resistance test can only reflect static contact parts of the direct current resistance test, namely static contact conditions of each gear moving contact, each polarity switch moving contact and each transfer switch main current-carrying contact of the selector switch, and the transition waveform test can only reflect bridging (switching-in and switching-out of the transition resistor) time sequence and resistance values (connection conditions of the transition resistor) of the transition resistor in the switching process.
Meanwhile, in practice, a vibration waveform detection method is adopted to judge the switching state of the on-load switch, but because the vibration sensor is arranged on the tank wall of the transformer tank, vibration signals switched by the on-load switch need to pass through the oil chamber of the core, the wall of the oil chamber, the transformer oil tank and the tank wall, waveforms detected by the vibration method cannot be accurately reflected to the condition of each contact in the switching process of the on-load switch, and therefore, the measured time sequence of the on-load tap switch is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for calculating the switching time sequence of an on-load tap-changer, which calculates the time sequence of the switching process of the on-load tap-changer through synchronously measuring the transition waveform and the vibration waveform of the on-load tap-changer, thereby improving the calculation integrity of the switching time sequence of the on-load tap-changer, namely improving the measurement quantity of the switching time sequence of the on-load tap-changer.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating the switching time sequence of an on-load tap-changer, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a switching time sequence diagram of the on-load tap-changer, and acquiring a switching time sequence division list of the on-load tap-changer according to the switching time sequence diagram, wherein the on-load tap-changer comprises a main current carrying contact, a main on-off contact and a transition contact;
Simultaneously measuring a transition waveform chart and a vibration waveform chart of the switching process of the on-load tap-changer, and combining the measured transition waveform chart and vibration waveform chart to obtain a synchronous measurement waveform chart;
Determining a first switch switching time sequence point at a moment corresponding to a first vibration amplitude extreme point of the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram;
corresponding a characteristic position of a transition waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram to a switching time sequence of an intermediate switch in the switching time sequence diagram to obtain a second switch switching time sequence point on the characteristic position, wherein the intermediate switch refers to a non-main current-carrying contact in the on-load tap-changer;
And determining a third switching time sequence point on the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram according to the switching time sequence diagram and the second switching time sequence point.
Further, determining a first switch switching time sequence point at a moment corresponding to a first vibration amplitude extreme point of the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform chart specifically includes:
For the vibration waveform, starting from an initial time, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the average value of the vibration amplitudes at all time points before, and recording a first switch switching time sequence point of the time corresponding to y i when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and 130% sigma y i-2/(i-2)<yi-1 are performed, wherein the first switch switching time sequence point is specifically the starting time when a first main current carrying contact is opened and a next contact is closed, and i is a natural number.
Further, the on-load tap-changer comprises two main current-carrying contacts KA and KB, two main on-off contacts K1 and K4, and two transition contacts K2 and K3;
the switching time sequence division list of the on-load tap-changer is obtained according to the switching time sequence diagram as follows:
initial time t 0;
the starting time t 1 when the contact KA is opened and the contact K2 is closed;
The contact KA is opened, and the closing completion time t 2 of the contact K2 is reached;
The starting moment t 3 of opening of the contact K1;
completion time t 4 of opening contact K1;
the starting moment t 5 of closing of the contact K3;
the closing completion time t 6 of the contact K3;
the starting moment t 7 of opening of the contact K2;
completion time t 8 of opening contact K2;
the starting moment t 9 of closing of the contact K4;
The closing completion time t 10 of the contact K4;
contact KB is closed, and contact K3 is opened at starting time t 11;
contact KB is closed and contact K3 is open at completion time t 12.
Further, the characteristic position of the transition waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram is corresponding to the switching time sequence of the middle switch in the switching time sequence diagram, so that a second switch switching time sequence point on the characteristic position is obtained, wherein the second switch switching time sequence point comprises t 3、t6、t7 and t 10.
Further, according to the switching timing diagram and the second switching timing point, a third switching timing point on the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram is determined, which specifically is:
Determining the corresponding moments of the extreme points of the first vibration amplitude, which appear after the moments t 3、t7 and t 10 in the vibration waveform, as t 4、t8 and t 11 respectively;
And determining the moment corresponding to the extreme point of the first vibration amplitude, which occurs after the moment t 11, in the vibration waveform as t 12.
Further, the determining, respectively, the times corresponding to the extreme points of the first vibration amplitude that occur after the times t 3、t7 and t 10 in the vibration waveform are t 4、t8 and t 11, specifically includes:
Starting from the time t 3, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 3 corresponding to the time t 3, and recording the time corresponding to y i as t 4 when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are larger than 1.3 times f 3;
Starting from the time t 7, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 7 corresponding to the time t 7, and recording the corresponding time of y i as t when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are respectively larger than 1.3 times f 7 8
Starting from the time t 10, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 10 corresponding to the time t 10, and recording the time t 11 corresponding to y i when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are respectively larger than 1.3 times f 10.
Further, determining a time corresponding to an extreme point of the first vibration amplitude, which occurs after the time t 11 in the vibration waveform, as t 12, specifically:
Starting from the time t 11, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, and recording the time corresponding to y i as t 12 when y i is the maximum value point of the amplitude of the whole vibration waveform.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention provides a method for calculating the switching time sequence of an on-load tap-changer, which comprises the steps of simultaneously measuring a transition waveform chart and a vibration waveform chart of the switching process of the on-load tap-changer, and combining the measured transition waveform chart and the measured vibration waveform chart to obtain a synchronous measurement waveform chart, so that the time sequence information of the transition waveform chart and the vibration waveform chart can be combined to calculate more time sequence information. Meanwhile, the characteristic position of the transition waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram corresponds to the switching time sequence of the middle switch in the switching time sequence diagram, a second switch switching time sequence point on the characteristic position is obtained, and then a third switch switching time sequence point on the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram is determined according to the switching time sequence diagram and the second switch switching time sequence point.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a switching sequence of an on-load tap changer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an on-load tap-changer switching sequence according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a synchronous measurement waveform of a method for calculating a switching sequence of an on-load tap changer according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an on-load tap-changer transition waveform measurement principle according to an on-load tap-changer switching sequence calculating method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for calculating a switching time sequence of an on-load tap-changer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
Step S101, as shown in FIG. 2, a switching time sequence diagram of the on-load tap-changer is obtained, and a switching time sequence division list of the on-load tap-changer is obtained according to the switching time sequence diagram, wherein the on-load tap-changer comprises a main current carrying contact, a main on-off contact and a transition contact. The switching timing diagram of the on-load tap-changer in fig. 2 includes an upper row of contact opening and closing diagrams and a lower row of contact opening and closing diagrams (7 contact opening and closing diagrams in total), and the upper row of 3 contact opening and closing diagrams sequentially represent a left main current-carrying contact opening and closing diagram, a left main current-carrying contact opening and closing diagram and a left main on-off contact opening and closing diagram from left to right. The opening and closing diagrams of the 4 contacts in the lower row sequentially show that the right side transition contact is closed, the left side transition contact is separated, the right side main on-off contact is closed and the right side main current-carrying contact is closed from left to right. The on-load tap-changer of the embodiment of the invention comprises two main current-carrying contacts KA and KB, two main on-off contacts K1 and K4 and two transition contacts K2 and K3.
As one embodiment, the switching timing division list of the on-load tap-changer is obtained as follows:
| Corresponding actions |
Representative symbol |
| Initial time of day |
t0 |
| Contact KA opens and contact K2 closes at the start of the closing |
t1 |
| Contact KA is opened and contact K2 is closed at the completion time |
t2 |
| The moment of initiation of the opening of contact K1 |
t3 |
| Time of completion of opening of contact K1 |
t4 |
| The moment of initiation of the closing of contact K3 |
t5 |
| Time of completion of closing contact K3 |
t6 |
| The moment of initiation of the opening of contact K2 |
t7 |
| Time of completion of opening contact K2 |
t8 |
| The moment of initiation of the closing of contact K4 |
t9 |
| Time of completion of closing contact K4 |
t10 |
| Contact KB is closed and contact K3 is opened at the beginning |
t11 |
| Contact KB is closed, and contact K3 is opened at the completion time |
t12 |
Step S102, simultaneously measuring a transition waveform diagram and a vibration waveform diagram of the switching process of the on-load tap-changer, and combining the measured transition waveform diagram and vibration waveform diagram to obtain a synchronous measurement waveform diagram. Specifically, a voltage source method or a current source method is adopted to measure the transition waveform of the on-load tap-changer, and the transition waveform diagram is obtained.
Fig. 4 shows the principle of measuring the transition waveform of the on-load tap-changer using the current source method. In fig. 4, the transition resistance branch of the switching circuit is in Ω level, and the resistances of the other main current carrying and main on-off branch are in mΩ and uΩ levels, respectively. Therefore, when the transition waveform of the on-load tap-changer is measured by adopting the current source method, the output voltage (or current) change of the process measuring devices, namely the left transition resistor connection, the two side transition resistors in parallel connection, the right transition resistor connection (namely the left transition resistor disconnection) and the right transition resistor disconnection, can be obviously detected by the acquisition device, namely the transition resistor bridging process (corresponding to the left main on-off contact part, the right transition contact part and the left transition contact part in the contact opening and closing diagram), and the influence of the rest time sequence change on the output voltage (or current) of the measuring device is very little, so that the detection is difficult. Therefore, the invention obtains the waveform when the rest time sequence changes by simultaneously measuring the vibration waveform of the on-load tap-changer. The invention adopts the conventional technical means in the field to measure the vibration waveform of the on-load tap-changer, so that the description of the invention is not repeated. A step of
The synchronous measurement waveform is shown in fig. 3. Wherein T0、Ts KA、Tf KA、Ts K1 Opening device 、Tf K1 Opening device 、TK3 Closing the door 、Ts K2 Opening device 、Tf K2 Opening device 、TK4 Closing the door 、Ts KB and T f KB in fig. 3 correspond to t0、t1、t2、t3、t4、t6、t7、t8、t10、t11 and T 12, respectively, in the switching timing division list.
Step S103, determining a first switch switching time sequence point at the moment corresponding to the extreme point of the first vibration amplitude of the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram. Specifically, for the vibration waveform, starting from an initial time t 0, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i (i=1, 2, 3,i is a natural number) corresponding to the minimum sampling time backward, comparing y i with the average value of the vibration amplitudes at all time points before, and when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and 130% Σy i-2/(i-2)<yi-1, recording a first switch switching time point at a time corresponding to y i, wherein the first switch switching time point is specifically the starting time when the first main current carrying contact is opened, and the next contact is closed, specifically t 1.
Step S104, the characteristic position of the transition waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram corresponds to the switching time sequence of an intermediate switch in the switching time sequence diagram, so as to obtain a second switch switching time sequence point on the characteristic position, wherein the intermediate switch refers to a non-main current-carrying contact in the on-load tap-changer. The second switch switching time sequence point comprises t 3、t6、t7 and t 10, and the intermediate switch is specifically contacts K1, K2, K3 and K4. In this step, a person skilled in the art can directly correspond the characteristic position to the switching time sequence of the intermediate switch according to the characteristic of the transition waveform and the switching sequence of the intermediate switch by observing the measured characteristic position of the transition waveform, so as to obtain specific time of t 3、t6、t7 and t 10.
Step S105, determining a third switching time sequence point on the vibration waveform in the synchronous measurement waveform diagram according to the switching time sequence diagram and the second switching time sequence point. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Determining the corresponding moments of the extreme points of the first vibration amplitude, which appear after the moments t 3、t7 and t 10 in the vibration waveform, as t 4、t8 and t 11 respectively;
And determining the moment corresponding to the extreme point of the first vibration amplitude, which occurs after the moment t 11, in the vibration waveform as t 12.
As one embodiment, the moments corresponding to the extreme points of the first vibration amplitude that occur after the moments t 3、t7 and t 10 in the vibration waveform are respectively determined as t 4、t8 and t 11, specifically:
Starting from the time t 3, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 3 corresponding to the time t 3, and recording the time corresponding to y i as t 4 when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are larger than 1.3 times f 3;
Starting from the time t 7, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 7 corresponding to the time t 7, and recording the corresponding time of y i as t when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are respectively larger than 1.3 times f 7 8
Starting from the time t 10, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, comparing y i with the vibration amplitude f 10 corresponding to the time t 10, and recording the time t 11 corresponding to y i when y i-1<yi<yi+1 and y i are respectively larger than 1.3 times f 10.
As one embodiment, a time corresponding to the extreme point of the first vibration amplitude that occurs after the time t 11 in the vibration waveform is determined as t 12, specifically:
Starting from the time t 11, continuously reading the vibration amplitude y i corresponding to the minimum sampling time backwards, and recording the time corresponding to y i as t 12 when y i is the maximum value point of the amplitude of the whole vibration waveform.
The invention synchronously measures the transition resistance waveform (namely the transition waveform) and the vibration waveform of the on-load tap-changer, performs comparison analysis under the same time base, and simultaneously takes the transition resistance bridging moment which can be accurately acquired as a reference, combines the inherent characteristic range of each contact switching of the on-load tap-changer switching core, and acquires other contact switching time sequences which cannot be acquired by using the transition resistance waveform from the amplitude characteristic of the vibration signal. The invention takes the transition resistance bridging moment which can be accurately acquired as a reference (namely t 3、t6、t7 and t 10), and the moment corresponding to the maximum amplitude point of vibration in a certain interval time (the interval time is related to the inherent characteristic of a specific on-load tap-changer and can refer to the factory test data of the switch) at the backward moment is the moment corresponding to the next time sequence (namely, t 4、t8 and t 11 are obtained according to t 3、t6、t7 and t 10). Meanwhile, taking the moment corresponding to a certain time sequence obtained by calculation as a reference, and taking the moment corresponding to the maximum amplitude point of vibration in a certain interval time (the interval time is related to the inherent characteristic of a specific on-load tap-changer and can refer to the factory test data of the switch) at the backward moment as the moment corresponding to the next time sequence (namely, t 12 is obtained according to t 11).
The invention synchronously measures the transition resistance waveform and the vibration waveform of the on-load tap-changer and performs comparison and analysis under the same time base, thereby realizing the reproduction of the switching full-time information of the on-load tap-changer. The invention can detect the action conditions of the main current-carrying contact and the arc-extinguishing contact of the switching part of the on-load tap-changer, which is not only the important point of the switching of the on-load tap-changer, but also the detection blind area of other single test detection methods of the existing on-load tap-changer.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden. While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiments may be accomplished by way of computer programs, which may be stored on a computer readable storage medium, which when executed may comprise the steps of the above-described embodiments. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random-access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), or the like.