CN115301090B - Dynamic regulation type salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure change range - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic regulation type salt aerosol generator suitable for a high back pressure variation range, which comprises a liquid drop mixing chamber, an impact separation chamber, a mixed weathering chamber and a liquid supplementing system, wherein the liquid drop mixing chamber is used for generating atomized liquid drops with certain size distribution and establishing a dynamic flow environment of mixed gas; the impact separation chamber is used for removing large liquid drops in the mixed gas and screening small-size liquid drops; the mixed weathering chamber is used for manufacturing low-humidity droplet weathering environment and manufacturing aerosol particles of salt materials; the liquid replenishing system is used for storing target salt solution, collecting residual solution in the liquid drop mixing chamber and the impact separation chamber and providing solution for the atomizing nozzle. The invention can work under the back pressure environment of 0-1 MPa (g), and the humidity in the device is controlled by the humidity, temperature and pressure measuring device through the PID control device, so that the weathered solid salt aerosol can be produced, the loss of atomized liquid drops in the container is reduced in structural design, and the invention has stability.

Description

A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure variation range

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of aerosol generators, and in particular relates to a dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure variation range.

Background technique

When a serious accident occurs in a nuclear power plant, such as a large breach accident in the primary circuit accompanied by the failure of the core fuel element cladding, a large amount of coolant in the primary circuit will leak out and carry fission products released from the core into the containment. If further core meltdown occurs, the extremely high-temperature core molten material will melt through the reactor pressure vessel, and the fission products and coolant will further leak into the containment vessel. When the fission products and coolant leak into the containment vessel, since the containment vessel is a low-temperature and low-pressure environment, the coolant will flash as the ambient pressure drops instantaneously, and the radioactive substances dissolved in the coolant will The evaporation of water turns aerosols into the containment, such as salts such as CsI and CsOH, and other fission products may also form aerosols through homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation under the condition of lowered temperature. Such as SnO ₂ . If the integrity of the containment vessel is damaged, the aerosol will be further released into the external environment and cause serious radioactive hazards to surrounding personnel and the environment. In order to assess the possible radioactive threats and design corresponding accident mitigation measures, it is necessary to accurately assess the distribution of radioactive aerosol concentrations in the containment.

Due to the different physical properties of the above two aerosols, such as hydrophilicity, hygroscopicity, etc., they can be divided into soluble and insoluble aerosols according to these properties, which also means that the migration and condensation of these two aerosols in the containment There are large differences in the characteristics of aerosols and natural sedimentation, so it is necessary to conduct systematic experiments on the migration and sedimentation characteristics of different aerosols in the containment to improve the basic database. In order to simulate the complex thermal environment of the containment, it is necessary to design a high-temperature and high-pressure experimental device, which also requires the auxiliary aerosol generating device to be able to achieve long-term work under different back pressure conditions. The document "Aerosol retention in low-subcooling pools under realistic accident conditions" used the DRAGON aerosol generator to generate aerosol and conduct experiments. In this experiment, SnO ₂ aerosol was generated by the reaction of metal powder and oxygen. The document "Development of an aerosol decontamination factorevaluation method using an aerosol spectrometer" uses a dry powder aerosol generator for experiments, using barium sulfate powder, piston push, rotating blade scraping and mixing with air to generate aerosol. However, the above method is only applicable to insoluble aerosols. Salt aerosols such as CsI and CsOH cannot be industrially formed into solid powders like barium sulfate, so a special aerosol generator needs to be designed for salt aerosols.

Patent No. 200610113301.0 proposes a micronano-scale solid sodium chloride aerosol generating method and its device, which uses solution atomization and weathering to form solid sodium chloride aerosol, which is suitable for conventional experimental environments. Patent No. 202120778425.0 proposes a solid sodium chloride aerosol generating device with adjustable counting median diameter distribution, which solves the problem of poor stability of the previous aerosol generating device and can produce adjustable counting within a certain particle size range. Salt aerosols with a bit diameter. Patent No. 202110682544.0 proposes a nano-scale aerosol generating device that can generate atomized droplets, but lacks a weathering device, which requires the ambient humidity of the device to be below the weathering point of the droplets. Patent No. 202110918345.5 proposes a submicron monodisperse aerosol generating device and system, which can generate monodisperse salt aerosol with the help of capillary, which is helpful for the development of aerosol mechanism experiments. The devices involved in the above inventions are all designed under the condition that the outlet environment is normal pressure. Under the condition of high back pressure, the device may leak or the aerosol cannot be delivered to the target environment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure variation range.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for a high back pressure variation range, including a droplet mixing chamber, an impact separation chamber, a mixing weathering chamber and a liquid replenishment system; the entrance of the impact separation chamber and the droplet mixing chamber The outlet is connected, and the outlet is connected to the inlet pipe of the droplet mixing chamber; the inlet of the other end of the droplet mixing chamber is connected to the liquid replenishment system, and the other end of the liquid replenishment system is connected to the impact separation chamber;

The droplet mixing chamber includes: a high-pressure atomizer, a high-pressure ejection pipe installed on the upper side of the high-pressure atomizer, a high-pressure water supply pipe installed on the lower side of the high-pressure atomizer, a high-pressure ejection pipe and a high-pressure air pipe. The high-pressure water replenishment pipe is connected to the liquid replenishment system; the arc-shaped impact plate fixed in the axial direction of the central axis of the outlet of the high-pressure atomizer, and the arc-shaped impact plate is fixed on the fixed rod; the outer connection of the high-pressure atomizer is sealed Blind plate, the sealing blind plate is connected to the sealing flange, the sealing flange is equipped with a through ferrule, and the fixing rod passes through the openings around the sealing blind plate and the penetrating ferrule (1.6) around the sealing flange to the outside in turn; the sealing blind plate The other side is connected to the mixing container;

The mixed weathering chamber includes: a mixed air chamber, a fluidized plate installed below the mixed air chamber, and a pressure control orifice plate above; Install a flow controller on it;

The liquid replenishment system includes: a liquid collection tank, an impact separation chamber liquid replenishment pipe connected to one side of the liquid collection tank, a high-pressure water pump and a high-pressure liquid replenishment tank sequentially connected to the other side of the liquid collection tank, and the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank is connected with a high-pressure atomizer The liquid level gauge and pressure sensor are installed on the side wall of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank, which are connected to the PID controller through a circuit to provide signal feedback.

Further, four fixed long plates are installed around the arc-shaped impact plate at an oblique angle of 45 degrees, and each long plate has a hole to be assembled with a fixed rod. Fix the nuts on both sides of the long plate to install and fix the arc-shaped impact plate, and the position of the arc-shaped impact plate can be adjusted; the inside of the through ferrule is sealed with a PTFE sealing gasket, which is used to stabilize the fixed rod and adjust the fixed rod and the arc-shaped impact plate position to prevent air leakage; the hole in the middle of the sealing blind plate is used for the installation of the high-pressure atomizer, and is connected to the sealing flange through axial bolts, and a high-pressure sealing pad is installed between the two, and the fixing rod It protrudes through the opening, and the fixing rod is axially sealed by means of the cooperation between the sealing blind plate and the sealing flange, so as to avoid air leakage when adjusting the fixing rod.

Further, the mixing container is a double-layer structure, designed with a cylindrical and conical tapering structure, and the lower part is provided with a liquid collection tank and a liquid discharge pipe for collecting and discharging the large liquid droplets screened out by the arc-shaped impact plate; mixing The outer layer of the container is provided with an annular dry gas flow channel, and a spiral deflector with a low flow angle is provided in the annular space to guide the gas entering through the gas supply pipe; an annular L-shaped gas injection hole is provided at the end of the gas flow channel , the outlet of the L-shaped gas injection hole is connected with the taper guide wall opened on the side wall of the central flow channel of the mixing vessel.

Further, the internal pipeline of the impact separation chamber is an L-shaped structure, and the windward side of the gas flow adopts a planar design, and the large-sized liquid droplets in the incoming gas have greater inertia under the high-speed airflow, and hit the windward side After being applied, it will be removed, and the remaining small-sized liquid droplets will enter the mixing weathering chamber, and the liquid that is removed and screened can enter the liquid collection tank through the liquid replenishment pipe at the lower part.

Furthermore, the mixing weathering chamber is equipped with pressure, temperature and humidity sensors, and the flow controller is used to control the supplementary air flow through signal feedback.

Further, the liquid replenishment system is equipped with a PID control system, which controls the high-pressure water pump to maintain the pressure of the liquid replenishment tank in combination with the signal feedback provided by the pressure sensor of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank; the liquid level gauge performs signal feedback on the liquid level of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank, and uses The control system controls the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank to replenish liquid in time; controls the pressure of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank to adjust the replenishment speed.

Further, the liquid collection tank is made of transparent material, and the liquid collection tank, the high-pressure water pump, and the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank are connected by pipelines.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention can work under the back pressure environment of 0～1MPa(g), the working pressure variation range is relatively high, and can work under the back pressure condition of 1MPa at the highest, which solves the shortage of the lack of high-pressure dispensing device for salt aerosol at present, and at the same time The distribution of aerosol concentration and particle size distribution can be adjusted according to the experimental requirements.

The present invention adopts the humidity, temperature and pressure measurement device, and assists the PID control device to control the humidity in the device, can produce the solid salt aerosol after weathering, and reduces the atomized droplet in the container in the structural design. loss, with better stability.

The invention is designed with high-pressure and normal-pressure working modes, and is applicable to a wide range of work; it can stably produce salt aerosols with different concentrations and different particle size distributions under different back pressure environments, and can realize the aerosol under working conditions Dynamic adjustment to meet the experimental research on the migration and deposition characteristics of soluble aerosols in different environments.

The invention has the function of adjusting the aerosol concentration and the median diameter of the aerosol, which can be adjusted in real time according to experimental requirements.

The invention has the function of solution recovery, improves the utilization rate of the solution and the continuous working time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the device structural diagram of the dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator applicable to the high back pressure variation range of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the main body of the device of the dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator applicable to the high back pressure variation range of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the curved impact plate of the dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure variation range of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the side view sectional view of the liquid drop mixing chamber of the dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for high back pressure variation range of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is an aerosol particle size distribution diagram of the dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for a high back pressure variation range according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

According to FIG. 1 , the present invention includes a droplet mixing chamber 1 , an impact separation chamber 2 , a mixing and weathering chamber 3 and a liquid replenishment system 4 . The droplet mixing chamber 1 is used to generate atomized droplets with a certain size distribution and establish a dynamic flow environment for the mixed gas; the impact separation chamber 2 is used to remove large droplets in the mixed gas and screen out small-sized droplets; mixing and weathering Chamber 3 is used to create a low-humidity droplet weathering environment, and to produce aerosol particles of salt material; the rehydration system 4 is used to store the target salt solution, collect the remaining solution in the droplet mixing chamber 1 and the impact separation chamber 2, and Provide solution to atomizing nozzle.

According to Figure 2, the droplet mixing chamber 1 includes: a high-pressure atomizer 1.1, a high-pressure injection pipe 1.2, a high-pressure water supply pipe 1.3, an arc-shaped impact plate 1.4, a fixed rod 1.5, a through ferrule 1.6, a sealing flange 1.7, a sealing Blind plate 1.8, mixing container 1.9, air supply pipe 1.10, spiral deflector 1.11, L-shaped air injection hole 1.12, conical deflector wall 1.13, liquid collection tank 1.14 and liquid discharge pipe 1.15. The upper and lower sides of the high-pressure atomizer 1.1 are equipped with a high-pressure ejector pipe 1.2 and a high-pressure water replenishment pipe 1.3, which are respectively connected with a high-pressure air source and a liquid replenishment system 4 . The high-pressure atomizer 1.1 is provided with an external thread structure, which can be connected with the internal thread hole provided in the center of the sealing blind plate 1.8, which is convenient for disassembly, cleaning and replacement. The arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 adopts the design of circular section, as shown in Figure 3, four fixed long plates are installed at the position of oblique 45 degrees around, each long plate has a hole and is assembled with the fixed rod 1.5, and is fixed on the High-pressure atomizer 1.1 In the axial direction of the central axis of the outlet. The outermost side of the fixed rod 1.5 is provided with a certain length of external thread, and the nuts on both sides of the fixed long plate as shown in Figure 2 can be used to install and fix the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4, the position of the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 can be adjusted appropriately, and it is convenient to disassemble Clean and replace. The fixed rod 1.5 sequentially passes through the holes around the sealing blind plate 1.8, and the through ferrule 1.6 installed on the surrounding of the sealing flange 1.7 to the outside, and the inside of the penetrating ferrule 1.6 is sealed with a PTFE sealing gasket to stabilize the fixed rod 1.5. It is convenient to change the positions of the fixed rod 1.5 and the arc impact plate 1.4 by disassembling the through ferrule 1.6, and prevent air leakage at the same time. The sealing blind plate 1.8 is located on the outside of the mixing container 1.9, with a hole in the middle to facilitate the installation of the high-pressure atomizer 1.1, and is connected to the sealing flange 1.7 through axial bolts, and a high-pressure sealing gasket is installed between the two. The fixed rod 1.5 protrudes through the opening, and the fixed rod is axially sealed by the cooperation between the sealing blind plate 1.8 and the sealing flange 1.7, and air leakage is avoided when the fixed rod 1.5 is adjusted.

The high-pressure atomizer 1.1 utilizes the ejection principle to eject the solution in the liquid replenishment system 4 through the high-pressure gas introduced by the high-pressure ejector trachea 1.2, and forms atomized droplets flowing with the airflow at a high speed at the outlet. The pressure of the trachea 1.2 can maintain the pressure difference between upstream and downstream, so that it can still work normally under high back pressure environment. The high-pressure replenishment pipe 1.3 can drain the solution in the high-pressure replenishment tank 4.3. The arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 is installed in the axial direction of the central axis of the outlet of the high-pressure atomizer 1.1. The atomized liquid droplets hit the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 with the air flow and will undergo secondary crushing, which can remove large droplets and reduce the liquid The effect of drop size. The arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 is installed on the fixed rod 1.5, and the position of the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 can be changed by moving the fixed rod 1.5. With the arc structure design adopted by the impact plate, the contact angle when the droplet contacts the impact plate can be changed. Then change the collision breaking and screening effect of the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4 on the droplets, and then change the size distribution of the droplets in the gas. The arc-shaped structural design can avoid too much retention effect on the droplets, so as to maintain the atomized liquid drop concentration.

The mixing container 1.9 adopts a double-layer structure design, and its central flow channel mainly flows through the mixture of gas and liquid droplets. It adopts a cylindrical and tapered tapered structure design to reduce the loss of liquid droplets caused by irregular structures. It is designed with a surrounding conical guide wall 1.13, its section is conical, the outer layer of the mixing container 1.9 is provided with an annular dry gas flow channel, and a spiral guide plate with a low flow angle is provided in the annular space. In order to guide the gas entering through the gas supply pipe 1.10, the gas from the gas supply pipe 1.10 changes the flow direction through the spiral deflector 1.11, and an annular L-shaped gas injection hole 1.12 is arranged at the end of the flow channel, and the outlet of the L-shaped gas injection hole 1.12 is connected to the mixing container 1.9 The conical guide wall 1.13 opened on the side wall of the central flow channel is connected, as shown in Figure 4, the gas enters through the L-shaped gas injection holes 1.12 and the conical guide wall 1.13 in the radial direction evenly and successively. Inside the mixing container 1.9, and present a certain angle with the inner wall of the mixing container 1.9, the centering effect of the air flow is used to reduce the loss of atomized liquid droplets on the wall, initially reduce the humidity of the gas, and maintain the stability of the upstream pressure to avoid gas backflow. The lower part of the mixing container 1.9 is provided with a liquid collection tank 1.14 and a liquid discharge pipe 1.15 for collecting and discharging large liquid droplets screened by the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4.

The inlet pipe of the impact separation chamber 2 is connected to the outlet of the droplet mixing chamber 1 through a flange, and the outlet is connected to the inlet pipe of the mixing weathering chamber 3. The inflection point windward side of the internal L-shaped airflow space adopts a flat design, and the windward surface of the gas flow adopts a Flat design, the large-sized droplets in the incoming gas have greater inertia under the high-speed airflow, and will be removed after hitting the windward surface, and the remaining small-sized droplets will enter the mixing weathering chamber 3 and be removed and screened The lost liquid can enter the liquid collection tank 4.1 through the liquid replenishment pipe connected at the lower part, so as to improve the utilization rate of the solution. Both the upper gas flow channel and the lower liquid replenishment pipe flow channel evenly transition to a circular flow channel, and the lower liquid replenishment pipe is connected with the liquid collection tank 4.1 and is equipped with a liquid discharge valve.

The mixing weathering chamber 3 includes a mixing chamber 3.1, a fluidization plate 3.2, a flow controller 3.3 and a pressure control orifice 3.4. The mixing and weathering chamber 3 adopts a cylindrical design as a whole, and a fluidization plate 3.2 is installed at the lower part, and the fluidization plate 3.2 is made of a porous medium material for uniform airflow. The lower part of the fluidization plate 3.2 is provided with an air chamber, and an air inlet pipe introduced from a high-pressure air source is installed on its side, and a flow controller 3.3 is installed on the air inlet pipe, which is connected with the pressure, temperature and humidity sensors of the mixing weathering chamber 3 through a PID control device . The main body of the pressure control orifice plate 3.4 adopts a flange structure design, and bolt holes are designed around it for easy installation, and a tapered flow channel is designed in the middle to ensure the throttling effect at the smallest cross-section, and play the role of a regulating valve. This design can maintain the stability of upstream and downstream pressure difference and distribution flow under the premise of reducing aerosol loss. The setting of the pressure control orifice (3.4) is to form a stable pressure difference between the internal environment of the generator and the target downstream environment by means of throttling. This design can avoid the aerosol clogging phenomenon that may be caused by the conventional valve design . The liquid droplets from the impact separation chamber 2 enter the gas mixture chamber 3.1 and reach the top of the fluidized plate 3.2. The air supply pipe of the mixing weathering chamber 3 enters the mixing air cavity 3.1 through the flow controller 3.3 and the fluidization plate (3.2) successively. The fluidized plate 3.2 can achieve the effect of equalizing the flow, so that the upward airflow flows evenly, reduces the loss of liquid droplets and aerosols on the inner wall of the container, and improves the stability of the device. The mixing weathering chamber 3 is equipped with pressure, temperature and humidity sensors, which can perform humidity calculation according to the weathering point of the salt, and use the flow controller to control the air supply flow through signal feedback, so as to ensure that the liquid droplets are weathered in the mixed air chamber 3.1 and Forms a solid salt aerosol. A plurality of pressure control orifice plates 3.4 can be designed according to the demand of the actual working distribution flow, and can cooperate with the gas volume regulating valves introduced from the upstream high-pressure gas source during work to adjust the total gas volume of distribution.

The liquid replenishment system 4 includes a liquid collection tank 4.1, a high-pressure water pump 4.2, a high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3 and a liquid level gauge 4.4. Among them, the liquid collection tank 4.1 is designed with a transparent material to observe the volume of the storage solution, and is connected to the liquid replenishment pipe of the droplet mixing chamber 1 and the impact separation chamber 2. The liquid collection tank 4.1, the high-pressure water pump 4.2, and the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3 use pipelines Connection, a liquid level gauge 4.4 and a pressure sensor are installed on the side wall of the high-pressure replenishment tank 4.3, which are connected to the PID controller through a circuit to provide signal feedback. At the same time, the PID controller is equipped with a liquid level and pressure control mode for normal pressure and high pressure work under conditions.

The liquid collection tank 4.1 is used to store the configured saline solution, and collect the solution in the liquid discharge pipe from the droplet mixing chamber 1 and the impact separation chamber 2, and then use the high-pressure water pump 4.2 to inject the solution into the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3, and Control the liquid pressure of the high-pressure liquid supplement tank 4.3. A PID control system is provided, combined with the signal feedback provided by the pressure sensor of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3 to control the high-pressure water pump 4.2 to maintain the pressure of the liquid replenishment tank, so as to ensure the normal operation of the high-pressure atomizer 1.1. The liquid level gauge 4.4 can also give signal feedback to the liquid level of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3, and use the PID control system to control the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3 to replenish liquid in time. This setting can ensure that the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3 can be used for high-pressure atomization under normal pressure conditions 1.1 Supplement solution. Through the above-mentioned design, the long-term stable operation of the liquid replenishment system 4 in the high-pressure and normal-pressure modes can be realized. By controlling the pressure of the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3, the replenishment speed of the solution can be adjusted, the concentration of the formed atomized droplets can be changed, and then the final concentration of the aerosol produced can be changed.

In the actual working state, it is first necessary to select a pressure control orifice plate 3.4 of an appropriate size according to the target pressure and distribution flow requirements, and add the target saline solution to the liquid collection tank 4.1. Select the PID control working mode of the liquid replenishment system 4 according to the target working pressure, and turn on the high-pressure water pump 4.2 to supplement the solution in the high-pressure liquid replenishment tank 4.3. Then open the gas supply pipe 1.10 valve in the droplet mixing chamber 1, control the gas to enter the droplet mixing chamber 1 through the L-shaped gas injection hole 1.12, and open the flow controller 3.3 and the pipeline valve at the same time to maintain the gas supply and weathering function of the mixing weathering chamber 3 , and preliminarily adjust the delivery flow of the generator. Finally, the valves on the high-pressure injection air pipe 1.2 and the high-pressure water supply pipe 1.3 are opened, and the droplet mixing chamber 1 starts to work. The droplets pass through the droplet mixing chamber 1, the impact separation chamber 2 and the mixing weathering chamber 3, and finally form an aerosol into the target environment. The large droplets enter the liquid replenishment system 4 through the droplet mixing chamber 1 and the liquid discharge pipe of the collision separation chamber 2 . Under actual working conditions, the concentration and size distribution of the aerosol can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of the high-pressure replenishment tank 4.3 and the position of the arc-shaped impact plate 1.4.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator suitable for a high back pressure variation range, characterized in that: comprises a liquid drop mixing chamber (1), an impact separation chamber (2), a mixed weathering chamber (3) and a liquid supplementing system (4); the inlet of the impact separation chamber (2) is connected with the outlet of the liquid drop mixing chamber (1), and the outlet is connected with the inlet pipe of the liquid drop mixing chamber (1); the inlet at the other end of the liquid drop mixing chamber (1) is connected with a liquid supplementing system (4), and the other end of the liquid supplementing system (4) is connected with the impact separation chamber (2);

the liquid drop mixing chamber (1) comprises: the high-pressure type atomizer (1.1), a high-pressure injection air pipe (1.2) arranged on the upper side of the high-pressure type atomizer (1.1) and a high-pressure injection air pipe (1.2) arranged on the lower side of the high-pressure type atomizer (1.1) are connected with a high-pressure air source, and a high-pressure water supplementing pipe (1.3) is connected with a liquid supplementing system (4); an arc-shaped impact plate (1.4) fixed on the axial direction of the central axis of the outlet of the high-pressure atomizer (1.1), wherein the arc-shaped impact plate (1.4) is fixed on a fixed rod (1.5); the outer side of the high-pressure atomizer (1.1) is connected with a sealing blind plate (1.8), the sealing blind plate (1.8) is connected with a sealing flange (1.7), a penetrating cutting sleeve (1.6) is arranged on the sealing flange (1.7), and a fixing rod (1.5) sequentially passes through holes on the periphery of the sealing blind plate (1.8) and the penetrating cutting sleeve (1.6) on the periphery of the sealing flange (1.7) to the outer side; the other side of the sealing blind plate (1.8) is connected with a mixing container (1.9);

the hybrid weathering chamber (3) comprises: a mixing air cavity (3.1), a fluidization plate (3.2) arranged below the mixing air cavity (3.1) and a pressure control orifice plate (3.4) arranged above the fluidization plate; the lower part of the fluidization plate (3.2) is provided with an air chamber, the side surface of the fluidization plate is provided with an air inlet pipe which is introduced from a high-pressure air source, and the air inlet pipe is provided with a flow controller (3.3);

the fluid replacement system (4) comprises: the high-pressure atomizer comprises a liquid collecting tank (4.1), an impact separation chamber (2) liquid supplementing pipe connected with one side of the liquid collecting tank (4.1), a high-pressure water pump (4.2) and a high-pressure liquid supplementing tank (4.3) which are sequentially connected with the other side of the liquid collecting tank (4.1), wherein the high-pressure liquid supplementing tank (4.3) is connected with the high-pressure atomizer (1.1); the side wall of the high-pressure fluid infusion tank (4.3) is provided with a liquid level meter (4.4) and a pressure sensor, which are connected with a PID controller through a circuit to provide signal feedback.

2. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: four fixed long plates are arranged at the positions of 45-degree inclined sides around the arc-shaped impact plate (1.4), each long plate is provided with holes and is assembled with a fixed rod (1.5), a certain length of external threads are arranged on the outermost side of the fixed rod (1.5), the arc-shaped impact plate (1.4) can be installed and fixed by nuts on two sides of the fixed long plates, and the position of the arc-shaped impact plate (1.4) can be adjusted; the inner part of the penetrating cutting sleeve (1.6) is sealed by a tetrafluoro sealing gasket, and is used for stabilizing the fixed rod (1.5), adjusting the positions of the fixed rod (1.5) and the arc striking plate (1.4) and preventing air leakage; the middle of the sealing blind plate (1.8) is provided with a hole for installing the high-pressure atomizer (1.1), the sealing blind plate is connected with the sealing flange (1.7) in an installing way through an axial bolt, a high-pressure sealing rubber pad is installed between the sealing blind plate and the sealing blind plate, the fixing rod (1.5) extends out through the hole, the fixing rod (1.5) is axially sealed by means of the cooperation between the sealing blind plate (1.8) and the sealing flange (1.7), and air leakage is avoided when the fixing rod (1.5) is adjusted.

3. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the mixing container (1.9) is of a double-layer structure, adopts a cylindrical and conical tapered structure design, and is provided with a liquid collecting tank (1.14) and a liquid discharge pipe (1.15) at the lower part for collecting and discharging large liquid drops screened by the arc impact plate (1.4); the outer layer of the mixing container (1.9) is provided with an annular dry gas flow passage, and a spiral guide plate with a low flow angle is arranged in the annular space and is used for guiding gas entering through the air supplementing pipe (1.10); the gas flow passage is finally provided with an annular L-shaped gas injection hole (1.12), and the outlet of the L-shaped gas injection hole (1.12) is connected with a conical guide wall (1.13) opened at the side wall of the central flow passage of the mixing container (1.9).

4. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the inner pipeline of the impact separation chamber (2) is of an L-shaped structure, a windward side of gas flow adopts a planar design, large-size liquid drops in incoming gas have larger inertia under the carrying of high-speed gas flow, the large-size liquid drops can be removed after impacting on the windward side, the rest small-size liquid drops enter the mixing and weathering chamber (3), and the removed and screened liquid can enter the liquid collecting tank (4.1) through a liquid supplementing pipe at the lower part.

5. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the mixed weathering chamber (3) is provided with pressure, temperature and humidity sensors, and the flow controller (3.3) is used for controlling the supplementary air flow through signal feedback.

6. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid supplementing system (4) is provided with a PID control system, and the pressure of the liquid supplementing box is maintained by controlling the high-pressure water pump (4.2) by combining signal feedback provided by the pressure sensor of the high-pressure liquid supplementing box (4.3); the liquid level meter (4.4) feeds back signals to the liquid level of the high-pressure liquid supplementing tank (4.3), and controls the high-pressure liquid supplementing tank (4.3) to timely supplement liquid by utilizing the PID control system; the pressure of the high-pressure fluid supplementing tank (4.3) is controlled to adjust the supplementing speed.

7. A dynamically adjustable salt aerosol generator adapted for high back pressure variation as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid collecting box (4.1) is made of transparent materials, and the liquid collecting box (4.1), the high-pressure water pump (4.2) and the high-pressure liquid supplementing box (4.3) are connected through pipelines.