CN115012815A - Vertical shaft blasting presplitting grouting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pre-split grouting method for vertical well blasting, comprising: drilling a plurality of blasting groups around the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical well, each blasting group including a plurality of boreholes; loading explosives in the boreholes to be blasted; The granular plugging material is put into the drill hole after the explosive is loaded; the opening of the drill hole after the explosive is filled with steel components; the heavy objects are piled on the steel component; pulp. By adopting this solution, by setting up multiple blasting groups, and each blasting group includes multiple drilling holes, sufficient free surfaces can be provided for the drilling holes that need to be blasted, thereby reducing the blasting power in the axial direction of the drilling holes; At the same time, the drilled hole is first blocked with granular plugging materials, and then the opening of the drilled hole is blocked again with steel components, and heavy objects are stacked on the steel components, which further ensures the blocking effect. By adopting this method, the problem of poor blasting effect in the prior art is effectively solved.

Description

Vertical shaft blasting pre-split grouting method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vertical well development, in particular to a vertical well blasting pre-split grouting method.

Background technique

At present, vertical well development is a commonly used blasting method. In the process of vertical well development, water is often encountered, and the water output from the borehole can reach tens of cubic meters per hour. Therefore, in the process of vertical well development, it is necessary to carry out water exploration and pre-grouting construction on the working face. During the water exploration pre-grouting construction, blasting and pre-splitting should be carried out to suppress the water influx and form a stable area outside the wellbore development range, so as to achieve a better grouting effect. Under normal circumstances, the blasting power of emulsion explosives gradually decreases with the increase of water depth. In the prior art, during blasting pre-splitting, due to the lack of sufficient free surfaces, it is easy to cause punching, and the amount of grouting cannot meet the requirements, which is difficult to achieve. Expected blasting effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a pre-split grouting method for vertical well blasting, so as to solve the problem of poor blasting effect in the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for pre-splitting and grouting in vertical shaft blasting, including: drilling a plurality of blasting groups around the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical shaft, each blasting group including a plurality of boreholes; Loading explosives in the middle; putting granular plugs into the drilled holes after the explosives are loaded; using steel components to block the openings of the drilled holes after loading the explosives; stacking heavy objects on the steel components; detonating and checking the blasting quality; Post-drilling grouting.

Further, the plurality of boreholes in the blasting group are all parallel.

Further, the diameter of the borehole is 75mm to 90mm, and the depth of the borehole is greater than 30m.

Further, loading explosives in the borehole that needs to be blasted includes: connecting the explosives with the detonating cord and the elongated support; connecting a counterweight at the lower end of the elongated support; connecting the counterweight, the explosive, the detonating cord and the elongated support. An elongated support extends into the borehole.

Further, the elongated supports are ropes or rigid pipes, and the detonating cords are multiple.

Further, the granular plugging material includes at least one of soil, sand and gravel, and the heavy material is a sandbag.

Further, the steel member includes a steel rod and a steel plate which are connected to each other, the steel rod is inserted into the drilled hole, and the steel plate blocks the opening of the drilled hole.

Further, the length of the steel rod is not less than 20% of the drilling depth.

Further, the steel member has through holes penetrating the steel rod and the steel plate.

Further, the steel plate is a circular plate, the diameter of the steel plate is 1000mm to 1200mm, and the outer diameter of the steel rod is 74mm to 89mm.

By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a method for pre-splitting and grouting in vertical shaft blasting is provided, which includes: drilling a plurality of blasting groups around the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical shaft, each blasting group includes a plurality of boreholes; Loading explosives in the middle; putting granular plugs into the drilled holes after the explosives are loaded; using steel components to block the openings of the drilled holes after loading the explosives; stacking heavy objects on the steel components; detonating and checking the blasting quality; Post-drilling grouting. By adopting this solution, by setting up multiple blasting groups, and each blasting group includes multiple drilling holes, sufficient free surfaces can be provided for the drilling holes that need to be blasted, thereby reducing the blasting power in the axial direction of the drilling holes; At the same time, the drilled hole is first blocked with granular plugging materials, and then the opening of the drilled hole is blocked again with steel components, and heavy objects are stacked on the steel components, which further ensures the blocking effect. Using the vertical well blasting pre-split grouting method of this scheme, firstly drill multiple blasting groups on the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical well, wherein the multiple blasting groups include multiple boreholes, and explosives are charged in the boreholes that need to be blasted, and then the particles are blasted. Then, the opening of the drilled hole filled with explosives is blocked with steel components, and heavy objects are stacked on the steel components to improve the blocking effect. After blasting, check the blasting quality and grouting the blasted borehole. By adopting this method, the blasting effect is improved, thereby further increasing the amount of grouting in the borehole, and reducing the amount of water inflow in the borehole.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings forming a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the vertical shaft blasting pre-split grouting method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the working area using the blasting pre-split grouting method of the vertical well shown in FIG. 1 .

Wherein, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs:

10. Drilling holes; 20. Granular plugs; 30. Steel components; 31. Steel rods; 32. Steel plates; 33. Through holes; 40. Heavy objects; 50. Counterweights; 60. Explosives.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for pre-splitting and grouting in vertical well blasting, including: drilling a plurality of blasting groups around the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical well, and each blasting group includes a plurality of drilling holes 10; Loading explosives 60 in the borehole 10 that needs to be blasted; Loading the granular plug 20 into the borehole 10 after loading the explosives 60; Accumulate heavy objects 40 on the steel member 30; initiate blasting and check the blasting quality; grouting the blasted borehole 10.

With this solution, by arranging multiple blasting groups, and each blasting group includes multiple boreholes 10, sufficient free surfaces can be provided for the boreholes 10 that need to be blasted, thereby weakening the axial direction of the boreholes 10. blasting power; at the same time, first use the granular plugging material 20 to block the borehole 10, then use the steel member 30 to block the opening of the borehole 10 again, and accumulate heavy objects on the steel member 30, which further ensures that blocking effect. Using the vertical shaft blasting pre-split grouting method of the present scheme, firstly, a plurality of blasting groups are drilled on the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical shaft, wherein the plurality of blasting groups include a plurality of boreholes 10, and explosives 60 are loaded in the boreholes 10 that need to be blasted, Then, the granular plugging material 20 is put into the drilled hole 10 filled with the explosive 60 for plugging; then the steel member 30 is used to block the opening of the drilled hole 10 after the explosive 60 is filled, and the steel member 30 is stacked on the opening of the drilled hole 10 . The weight 40 is used to improve the blocking effect, and finally the blasting is carried out. After checking the blasting quality, grouting is performed on the blasted borehole 10. By adopting this method, the blasting effect is improved, thereby further increasing the grouting amount of the borehole 10 and reducing the water inflow amount of the borehole 10 .

Wherein, the plurality of boreholes 10 in the blasting group are all parallel. A plurality of boreholes 10 are arranged in parallel, so that adjacent boreholes 10 can provide enough free surfaces for the boreholes 10 to be blasted, so that the blasting power expands radially, effectively reducing the axial impact.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the borehole 10 is 75mm to 90mm, and the depth of the borehole 10 is greater than 30m. The diameter of the borehole 10 is set to be 75mm to 90mm, and the depth of the borehole 10 is greater than 30m, so that the diameter of the borehole 10 can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the site, thereby improving the versatility.

Specifically, loading the explosive 60 in the borehole 10 to be blasted includes: connecting the explosive 60 with the detonating cord and the elongated support; connecting the counterweight 50 at the lower end of the elongated support; connecting the counterweight 50, the explosive 60. The detonating cord and the elongated support are extended into the borehole 10. During blasting pre-splitting, the borehole 10 is generally filled with water, and even water is sprayed out at a relatively large flow rate, and the water pressure is relatively large, which makes it difficult for the explosive to sink to the bottom. The lower end is connected to the counterweight 50, and the explosive is connected to the detonating cord and the slender support, so that the explosive can sink to the bottom to ensure the blasting effect.

Among them, the slender supports are ropes or rigid pipes, and the detonating cords are multiple. The slender supports are arranged as ropes or rigid pipes, which increases the weight, and can further ensure that the explosive 60 can sink to the bottom to ensure the blasting effect; It can also enhance the blasting effect.

Specifically, the granular blocker 20 includes at least one of soil, sand, and gravel, and the weight 40 is a sandbag. The granular plugging material 20 includes at least one of soil, sand and gravel, thus ensuring that the explosive 60 can be compressed and improving the plugging effect; the weight 40 is set as a sandbag, which further improves the sealing effect. Effect.

In this embodiment, the steel member 30 includes a steel rod 31 and a steel plate 32 which are connected to each other. The steel rod 31 is inserted into the borehole 10 , and the steel plate 32 blocks the opening of the borehole 10 . Through the above arrangement, the steel rod 31 is inserted into the borehole 10, and the opening of the borehole 10 is blocked by the steel plate 32, which further ensures the blocking effect and improves the blasting effect.

Wherein, the length of the steel rod 31 is not less than 20% of the depth of the drilled hole 10 . The length of the steel rod 31 is set to be no less than 20% of the depth of the drill hole 10, so that the steel rod 31 can be put into the drill hole 10, and the specific length of the steel rod 31 can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site, thereby improving the steel member 30. generality.

Further, the steel member 30 has a through hole 33 penetrating the steel rod 31 and the steel plate 32 . By arranging the through hole 33, it is convenient for the detonating cord and the elongated support to pass through.

Specifically, the steel plate 32 is a circular plate, the diameter of the steel plate 32 is 1000 mm to 1200 mm, and the outer diameter of the steel rod 31 is 74 mm to 89 mm. The diameter of the steel plate 32 is set to 1000mm to 1200mm, and the outer diameter of the steel rod 31 is set to 74mm to 89mm, so that corresponding adjustments can be made according to the actual size on site, thereby improving the versatility of the steel member 30 .

Specific examples of this scheme are as follows:

Take the development of a coal mine shaft as an example: the shaft has a clear diameter of 7m, a barren diameter of 8m, and a design depth of 800m. When the construction reaches about 550m, the measured water inflow is at least 2-4m ³ /h, and the maximum exceeds 30m ³ /h. It is necessary to blast pre-splitting for grouting to reduce the amount of water inflow and ensure the safety of development. The phenomenon of punching holes by conventional blasting methods is relatively serious. , the grouting effect is not good, this scheme is used for grouting, and the steps are as follows:

1. Drilling hole: The diameter of the drilling hole is 90mm, the depth is 30m-50m, and the drilling position is along the diameter of 7.5m. A total of 26 drilling holes are designed along the circumference of the wellbore. Parallel, the camber angle of the drill hole is not more than 5 degrees;

2. Charge: According to the design plan, use tape to fix the coil on the rope and the double-strand detonating cord. At the same time, the detonating cord and explosive are used to help offset the impact of the weakening of the explosive in deep water conditions. At the end of the rope Appropriate counterweight should be applied to ensure that the charge is in place, and the rope and detonating cable should be kept in sufficient length;

3. Hole sealing: The blocking length is not less than 20% of the hole length. First, use loess, sand, gravel, etc. for graded blocking, and reserve the outlet at the orifice to block the installation space of the steel components; Pass the detonating cord and rope through the through hole in the steel member; stack enough sandbags on the steel member to ensure the blocking quality;

4. Detonation: connect the detonator to the detonating cord and detonate on the well;

5. Check the blasting quality: After detonation, enter the working face to check the blasting quality, and there is no punching phenomenon;

6. Grouting: grouting is carried out after blasting, and the amount of grouting is greatly increased compared with that before blasting without this method, indicating that this method has a good blasting pre-splitting effect. After grouting, the water inflow is greatly reduced, and the safety of continuous excavation is also ensured. The cumulative amount of grouting in this section exceeded 260t.

hole number Drilling depth Cumulative grouting volume/t Initial water inflow/m³/h Final water inflow/m³/h 4# 30-53 60 twenty one <2 7# 72 17.9 6.5 <2 11# 49-54 9 16 <2 15# 38-44 18.8 12 <2 twenty three# 36-48 7.7 twenty four <2

The above table is the data value of blasting by this method. It can be seen from the above table that through this grouting construction, the single hole water inflow in this section is not more than 2m ³ /h, basically no water or a small amount of water.

It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates that There are features, steps, operations, devices, components and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the dimensions of various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations indicated by orientation words such as "front, rear, top, bottom, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. Or the positional relationship is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these orientation words do not indicate or imply the indicated device or element unless otherwise stated. It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "on", "over", "on the surface", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe what is shown in the figures. The spatial positional relationship of one device or feature shown to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or features would then be oriented "below" or "over" the other devices or features under other devices or constructions". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of "above" and "below." The device may also be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a vertical well blasting pre-split grouting method, is characterized in that, comprises: Drilling a plurality of blasting groups around the periphery of the bottom wall of the vertical shaft, each of the blasting groups including a plurality of boreholes (10); Loading explosives (60) in said borehole (10) to be blasted; Loading the granular plug (20) into the drilled hole (10) after the explosive (60) is loaded; A steel member (30) is used to block the opening of the drilled hole (10) after the explosive (60) is loaded; stacking heavy objects (40) on the steel member (30); Detonate and check the blasting quality; The blasted borehole (10) is grouted. 2. The method for pre-splitting and grouting in vertical shaft blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, the plurality of boreholes (10) in the blasting group are all parallel. 3. The grouting method for vertical shaft blasting pre-splitting according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the borehole (10) is 75mm to 90mm, and the depth of the borehole (10) is greater than 30m. 4. The vertical shaft blasting pre-split grouting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, loading the explosive (60) in the borehole (10) that needs to be blasted comprises: connecting the explosive (60) with the detonating cord and the elongated support; A counterweight (50) is connected to the lower end of the elongated support; The counterweight (50), the explosive (60), the detonating cord and the elongated support are extended into the borehole (10). 5 . The grouting method for vertical shaft blasting pre-splitting according to claim 4 , wherein the elongated supports are ropes or rigid pipes, and the detonating cords are multiple. 6 . 6. The method for pre-splitting and grouting in vertical shaft blasting according to claim 1, wherein the granular plug (20) comprises at least one of soil, sand and gravel, and the heavy object (40) ) are sandbags. 7. The method for pre-splitting grouting in vertical shaft blasting according to claim 1, wherein the steel member (30) comprises a steel rod (31) and a steel plate (32) that are connected to each other, and the steel rod (31) Inserted into the drilled hole (10), the steel plate (32) blocks the opening of the drilled hole (10). 8. The grouting method for vertical shaft blasting pre-splitting according to claim 7, characterized in that, the length of the steel rod (31) is not less than 20% of the depth of the borehole (10). 9 . The method for pre-splitting grouting in vertical shaft blasting according to claim 7 , wherein the steel member ( 30 ) has a through hole ( 33 ) penetrating the steel rod ( 31 ) and the steel plate ( 32 ). 10 . . 10. The method for pre-splitting grouting in vertical shaft blasting according to claim 7, wherein the steel plate (32) is a circular plate, the diameter of the steel plate (32) is 1000mm to 1200mm, and the steel rod (32) is a circular plate. 31) has an outer diameter of 74mm to 89mm.

Images