CN114976614A - Huygens element electric small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of antennas, and refers to a Huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication at the same time, which solves the problem of antenna requirements for electronic devices in the prior art. The invention includes two layers of dielectric substrates; and a resonant ring rectifier antenna, an electric dipole communication antenna and its feeder and isolated microstrips attached to the dielectric substrate. The invention realizes a low-profile electrically small Huygens element antenna, has good impedance matching characteristics, and has good radiation characteristics and good directivity; the resonant loop antenna and the rectifying circuit are connected to form a rectifying antenna, and the rectifying efficiency of the rectifying antenna is is 76.5%; the overall structure of the antenna has the advantages of multi-function, miniaturization, low profile and easy fabrication.

Description

A Huygens element electric small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication at the same time

technical field

The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a Huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication at the same time.

Background technique

With the introduction of concepts such as wireless sensors and the Internet of Things, people's demand for wireless devices is becoming more and more urgent. Wireless devices have their unique advantages, such as normal work in an environment without power supply, and no need to worry in a humid environment. Accident caused by electrical connection. Therefore, the wirelessization of electronic equipment is an important development direction and development trend. To realize the wirelessization of electronic equipment, three problems usually need to be overcome: one is energy, which ensures the normal operation of the equipment; the other is communication, which realizes the communication between devices. For information exchange, the third is miniaturization and low profile. Miniaturization and low profile facilitate the installation and use of electronic equipment.

The three problems that need to be overcome in the wirelessization of electronic devices are all closely related to antennas, which can convert electromagnetic energy in the environment into DC power for the device to use. The communication antenna is used to realize the transmission and reception of communication signals and complete the exchange of equipment information. The miniaturization and multifunctionality of the antenna size contributes to the miniaturization of electronic equipment. Existing antennas have high profile, complex structure, single function and large size, and cannot meet the requirements of future electronic devices for antennas.

There is an urgent need for a new wireless electronic device that can solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention proposes a Huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication at the same time, which solves the problem of antenna requirements for electronic devices in the prior art.

The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: a Huygens element electric small antenna used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication at the same time, comprising two layers of dielectric substrates closely attached together; A resonant ring rectifier on the upper surface; an electric dipole communication antenna and its feeder attached to the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate; and an isolation microstrip attached to the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate.

Optionally, the resonant ring rectifier includes a resonator ring antenna and a rectifier circuit; wherein the resonator ring antenna includes two symmetrical split rings, with a gap between the two split rings; the rectifier circuit is arranged in one of the split rings.

Optionally, the two open loops in the resonant loop antenna are of rectangular structure; the position of the opening is the center position of the adjacent sides of the two loops, the length of the opening is 0.5-2mm, and the position is 0.5-1.5mm away from the opening; There is a comb-like structure, and the length of the comb-like structure is 2-6mm; the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times that of its short side; the width of the long side, the short side and the side where the split ring is located shall not exceed 3mm, and the length of the long side Greater than 8mm, and the short side size is greater than 6mm.

Optionally, the rectifier circuit loads a rectifier diode, a filter capacitor and a load by welding on a pair of parallel microstrip lines; wherein, the rectifier diode is welded to the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, and the filter capacitor and the DC The loads are welded to the second half of the parallel microstrip lines, and the width and spacing of the parallel microstrip lines are about 1mm.

Optionally, the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent end, and a feeder is placed on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feeder extends from the center of the electric dipole. to the edge of the dielectric substrate.

Specifically, the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width is 1-2mm; the end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent to both sides in the form of an arc, and the bending radius is 8-12mm , the bending angle is 60-100°, and the width of the arc is 1-4mm.

Preferably, the feed lines are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width is 1-2mm, the spacing is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-like structure, and the length of the comb-like structure is 5- 12mm.

Specifically, the isolation microstrip is parallel to the feeder of the electric dipole communication antenna and is located directly above the feeder, and the isolation microstrip extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrips. The strip is composed of rectangular microstrips with a length of 1 mm to 6 mm, a width of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, and a spacing of 0.5-2 mm.

Preferably, the size and thickness of the two-layer dielectric substrates are the same, with a length of 26 mm to 32 mm, a width of 20 mm to 28 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: .

1) When the two antennas, the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant loop antenna, are excited with equal amplitude and in-phase, a low-profile electrically small Huygens element antenna can be realized. The electrical dimension of the antenna is ka=0.99, and the profile height is only 2.6% λ ₀ ; The antenna has good impedance matching characteristics and good radiation characteristics, the peak can achieve a gain of 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is greater than 23dB, the radiation efficiency is 97%, and it has good directivity;

2) The resonant ring antenna and the rectifier circuit are connected to form a rectifier. When 0dBm is input, the rectifier efficiency of the rectifier is 76.5%;

3) The overall structure of the Huygens element electric small antenna has the advantages of multi-function, miniaturization, low profile and easy manufacture.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a layered view of the overall structure of a Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

3 is a top view of a resonant ring rectenna in a Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

4 is a top view of an electric dipole communication antenna in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

5 is a top view of the isolated microstrip in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

6 is a graph of the S-parameters of the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant loop antenna when the same amplitude and in-phase excitation in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

7 is the radiation field pattern of the E plane and the H plane when the electric dipole communication antenna and the resonant ring antenna are excited in the same amplitude and in phase in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication;

8 is a radiation field pattern of the E plane and the H plane when the electric dipole communication antenna is independently excited in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

9 is a radiation field pattern of the E plane and the H plane when the resonant loop antenna is independently excited in the Huygens element electric small antenna that is simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the conversion efficiency curve of the resonant ring rectenna in the Huygens element electric small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to the present invention;

In the figure: 1-upper dielectric substrate; 2-lower dielectric substrate 2; 3-resonant loop antenna; 4-split; 5-comb-like structure 1; 6-rectifier circuit; 7-isolated microstrip; 8-electric dipole Communication antenna; 9-arc segment; 10-feeder; 11-dressing structure 2.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A Huygens element electric small antenna simultaneously used for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication disclosed in the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , and FIG. The schematic diagram of the structure of the Huygens element electric small antenna for energy transmission and wireless communication, including two layers of dielectric substrates closely attached to each other; a resonant ring rectifier attached to the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1; The electric dipole communication antenna 8 and its feeder 10 on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2 ; the isolation microstrip 7 attached to the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the resonant ring rectifier includes a resonator ring antenna 3 and a rectifier circuit 6; wherein the resonator ring antenna 3 includes two symmetrical split rings, and there is a gap between the two split rings; the rectifier circuit 6 is arranged in one of the two split rings in the split ring. The two open loops in the resonant loop antenna 3 are of rectangular structure; the position of the opening is the center position of the adjacent sides of the two loops, the length of the opening is 0.5-2mm, and the position at a distance of 0.5-1.5mm from the opening, the long side and the short side are The width of the side where the opening ring is located shall not exceed 3mm, the length of the long side shall be greater than 8mm, and the length of the short side shall be greater than 6mm. There are comb-like structures 1 5 at both ends, and the length of the comb-like structure 1 5 is 4.01 mm; the long side of the split ring is 1.22 times that of its short side, and the line widths of the long and short sides are 1.8 mm and 1.35 mm, respectively. The width of the side is 0.8mm, the length of the long side is 13.3mm, and the length of the short side is 11.1mm.

Optionally, the rectifier circuit 6 adopts balanced feeding, and loads rectifier diodes, filter capacitors and loads on a pair of parallel microstrip lines by welding, so as to convert microwave energy into DC energy; The tube is welded to the beginning of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the DC load are welded to the second half of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and spacing of the parallel microstrip line are about 1mm. The rectifier diode is selected as HSMS286B Schottky diode, which is welded in the split ring, the filter capacitor is selected as Murata capacitor, the model is GCM2165C2A101JA16, the distance from the rectifier diode is 9.5mm, and the DC load distance is 10.05mm from the rectifier diode.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is an electric dipole communication antenna 8 whose end is bent to reduce the size of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 . A feeder 10 is placed on the plane to excite the electric dipole communication antenna 8; the feeder 10 extends from the central position of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate. The length of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is 28-32mm, and the width is 1-2mm; the end of the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is symmetrically bent to both sides in the form of an arc, and the bending radius is 8-12mm, The bending angle is 60-100°, and the width of the arc is 1-4mm. The feeder line 10 is a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width is 1-2mm, the spacing is 0.4-1.5mm, and the feeder line 10 2-4mm from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-like structure 2 11 , and the length of the comb-like structure 2 11 5-12mm. Preferably, the length of the electric dipole is 30mm and the width is 1.28mm; the end of the electric dipole is symmetrically bent to both sides in the form of a circular arc, the bending radius is 10.22mm, the bending angle is 88.9°, and the circular The width of the arc is 2.74mm. The width of the parallel microstrip feed line 10 is 1.5 mm, and the spacing is 0.5 mm. A comb-like structure 2 11 is added at the feed line 10 3 mm away from the edge, and the length of the comb-like structure 2 11 is 9.41 mm.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the isolation microstrip 7 is parallel to the feeder 10 of the electric dipole communication antenna 8, and is located directly above the feeder 10, and the isolation microstrip 7 extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; The isolation microstrip 7 is composed of a row of rectangular microstrip sheets, the length of the rectangular microstrip sheets is 1 mm to 6 mm, the width is 0.3 mm to 3 mm, and the spacing is 0.5-2 mm. Preferably, the length of the rectangular microstrip sheet in the isolation microstrip 7 is 4.5 mm, the width is 2.25 mm, and the spacing is 0.75 mm.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 , the size and thickness of the two layers of dielectric substrates are the same, with a length of 26 mm to 32 mm, a width of 20 mm to 28 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm. Optionally, the length of the dielectric substrate is 30mm and the width is 24mm. The material of the dielectric substrate 2 can be selected from The Rogers Duroid 5880, namely Rogers 5880, the relative permittivity is 2.2, the relative permeability is 1.0, and the loss tangent is 0.0009.

Preferably, after the initial design, the high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used for simulation analysis. After simulation optimization, the parameter sizes are obtained as shown in the following table:

Table 1 The best size table of each parameter of the present disclosure

According to the above parameters, HFSS is used to simulate and analyze the reflection coefficient |S11| characteristic parameters of the designed end-fire low-profile Huygens source antenna applied to the wireless power transmission system. The analysis results are as follows:

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the S parameter with the frequency obtained by simulation when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in the same amplitude and in phase according to the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the resonant frequency points of the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are both 2.45 GHz, the reflection loss values are -16.2 dB and -21.7 dB, and the -10 dB bandwidths are 15 MHz and 48 MHz, respectively. The isolation of each antenna is greater than 25dB;

7 is the directional diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonant frequency point of 2.45 GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 and the electric dipole communication antenna 8 are excited in the same amplitude and in phase. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the antenna has a radiation direction directly above the antenna on both the E and H surfaces; at the resonant frequency point, the maximum gain of the antenna is 4.45dBi, the front-to-back ratio is greater than 23dB, and the radiation efficiency is 97% ; It can be seen that the antenna has good radiation performance, and has the characteristics of low profile and compact structure.

Figure 8 is the directional diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonance frequency of 2.45 GHz when the resonant loop antenna 3 is excited alone. It can be seen from Figure 8 that it can be approximately equivalent to a magnetic couple perpendicular to the resonant loop antenna 3 plane Pattern of a pole antenna.

FIG. 9 is the directional diagram of the E-plane and the H-plane at the resonance frequency of 2.45 GHz when the electric dipole communication antenna 8 is excited alone. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that it is close to an ideal electric dipole communication antenna 8 . Orientation map.

Figure 10 shows the change of the conversion efficiency of the rectenna with the size of the DC load when the resonant ring rectenna is at the resonance frequency of 2.45GHz and the input power is 0dBm.

Of course, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art should be able to make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all belong to the appendix of the present invention. the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A huygens element small antenna for wireless energy transmission and wireless communication simultaneously, characterized in that:

comprises two layers of dielectric substrates which are clung together;

the resonant loop rectifying antenna is attached to the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate;

the electric dipole communication antenna and the feeder thereof are attached to the lower surface of the lower-layer dielectric substrate;

and the isolation microstrip is attached to the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate.

2. A huygens element small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication, comprising:

the resonant loop rectifying antenna comprises a resonant loop antenna and a rectifying circuit; the resonant loop antenna comprises two symmetrical split rings, and a gap is formed between the two split rings; the rectifying circuit is disposed in one of the open rings.

3. The small huygens element antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 2, wherein: two open rings in the resonant ring antenna are of a rectangular structure;

the opening position is the central position of the adjacent edges of the two rings, the opening length is 0.5-2mm, and the position is 0.5-1.5mm away from the opening;

two ends of the comb-shaped structure are provided with comb-shaped structures, and the length of each comb-shaped structure is 2-6 mm;

the long side of the split ring is 1-1.5 times of the short side;

the width on long limit, minor face and split ring place limit all does not exceed 3mm, and the length on long limit is greater than 8mm, and the minor face size is greater than 6 mm.

4. The small huygens element antenna for simultaneous wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the rectifying circuit loads a rectifying diode, a filter capacitor and a load on a pair of parallel microstrip lines in a welding mode; the rectifying diode is welded at the starting end of the parallel microstrip line, the filter capacitor and the direct-current load are both welded at the rear half part of the parallel microstrip line, and the width and the distance between the parallel microstrip line and the direct-current load are both about 1 mm.

5. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 4, wherein: the electric dipole communication antenna is an electric dipole communication antenna with a bent tail end, and a feeder line is arranged on the same plane of the electric dipole communication antenna; the feed line extends from the center of the electric dipole to the edge of the dielectric substrate.

6. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 5, wherein: the length of the electric dipole communication antenna is 28-32mm, and the width of the electric dipole communication antenna is 1-2 mm; the tail end of the electric dipole communication antenna is symmetrically bent towards two sides in an arc form, the bending radius is 8-12mm, the bending angle is 60-100 degrees, and the width of the arc is 1-4 mm.

7. The small huygens element electrical antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication of claim 5, wherein: the feeder lines are a pair of parallel microstrip lines, the width of the feeder lines is 1-2mm, the distance between the feeder lines is 0.4-1.5mm, the feeder line position 2-4mm away from the edge of the dielectric substrate is a comb-shaped structure, and the length of the comb-shaped structure is 5-12 mm.

8. The small huygens element antenna for simultaneous wireless energy transmission and wireless communication according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the isolation microstrip is parallel to a feeder line of the electric dipole communication antenna and is positioned right above the feeder line, and the isolation microstrip extends from one side of the dielectric substrate to the other side; the isolation microstrip consists of a row of rectangular microstrip pieces, the length of each rectangular microstrip piece is 1mm to 6mm, the width of each rectangular microstrip piece is 0.3mm to 3mm, and the distance between the rectangular microstrip pieces is 0.5mm to 2 mm.

9. The huygens element small antenna for both wireless energy transfer and wireless communication according to claim 8, wherein: the two layers of dielectric substrates are consistent in size and thickness, the length is 26 mm to 32mm, the width is 20 mm to 28mm, and the thickness is 0.5mm to 2 mm.

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