CN114753899A - High-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator operation control system and method - Google Patents
High-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator operation control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114753899A CN114753899A CN202210379786.7A CN202210379786A CN114753899A CN 114753899 A CN114753899 A CN 114753899A CN 202210379786 A CN202210379786 A CN 202210379786A CN 114753899 A CN114753899 A CN 114753899A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/003—Arrangements for measuring or testing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
- F01D17/145—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path by means of valves, e.g. for steam turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高温气冷堆蒸汽发生器运行控制系统及方法，蒸汽发生器的出口通过主管路依次连接汽轮机、凝汽器、轴封冷却器、低压给水加热器、除氧器、给水泵和高压给水加热器后返回蒸汽发生器的入口连接；蒸汽发生器的出口通过第二管道旁路与除氧器的入口连接，蒸汽发生器与除氧器之间的第二管道旁路上设置有第一蒸汽旁路调节阀；蒸汽发生器的出口通过第三管道旁路与高压给水加热器连接，蒸汽发生器与高压给水加热器之间的第三管道旁路上设置有第二蒸汽旁路调节阀；第一蒸汽旁路调节阀和第二蒸汽旁路调节阀分别经蒸汽旁路控制器与输出热功率控制系统连接。本发明能够显著提高系统的热效率，降低凝汽器的运行控制压力。
The invention discloses a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator operation control system and method. The outlet of the steam generator is sequentially connected to a steam turbine, a condenser, a shaft seal cooler, a low-pressure feed water heater, a deaerator, a feed The water pump and the high-pressure feed water heater are connected to the inlet of the steam generator; the outlet of the steam generator is connected to the inlet of the deaerator through the second pipeline bypass, and the second pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the deaerator is provided There is a first steam bypass regulating valve; the outlet of the steam generator is connected to the high-pressure feedwater heater through a third pipeline bypass, and a second steam bypass is provided on the third pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the high-pressure feedwater heater regulating valve; the first steam bypass regulating valve and the second steam bypass regulating valve are respectively connected with the output thermal power control system through the steam bypass controller. The invention can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the system and reduce the operation control pressure of the condenser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power engineering, and particularly relates to a high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator operation control system and method.
Background
Because of inherent safety and potential economic competitiveness, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor is recognized as one of the first choice reactors with the fourth generation nuclear energy system characteristics by the world nuclear energy world, and the development of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor technology has important significance for sustainable development in China.
The method comprises the steps of planning and constructing 1 200MW nuclear power steam turbine generator unit in the Huanengyiawan high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power station, adopting two sets of nuclear steam supply systems to connect one steam turbine to form a scheme of one set of nuclear power unit, wherein the thermal power of each set of nuclear steam supply system is 250MW, the total thermal power is 500MW, and the electric power is 211 MW. The main steam adopts a main pipe, the main steam pipes adopt a 2-1-2 arrangement mode, two main steam pipes from two nuclear reactor steam generators are converged into a main pipe after entering a steam engine room, and the main pipe is divided into two branch pipes at the head part to enter two main steam valves of the steam turbine, so that the steam pressure and the temperature in front of the main steam valves of the steam turbine are ensured to be balanced. The steam turbine is provided with two sets of primary large bypass systems, and the through-flow capacity of each set of the primary large bypass systems is the steam flow of 100% of single-pile rated thermal power. The two sets of bypass pipelines are converged behind the bypass adjusting valve and lead to the condenser, and finally converged into a bypass pipeline which leads to the condenser.
The two reactors of the engineering are respectively provided with an independent startup and shutdown system, the through-flow capacity is designed to be 36kg/s, and the two reactors are respectively provided with a set of independent bypass system. The reactor starting and stopping system is used for realizing the matching of the outlet steam parameters of the nuclear island steam generator and the inlet steam parameters of the steam turbine in the process of starting and stopping the unit. The start-stop system mainly comprises two parts: the first part is a steam-water separation system consisting of a steam-water separator, an adjusting valve, a relevant valve and a pipeline; the second part is a steam temperature control system consisting of a regulating valve and related valves and pipelines. The steam turbine is provided with five-stage non-adjustable extraction steam, and the five-stage extraction steam is respectively supplied to two parallel high-pressure compressors, one deaerator and three low-pressure compressors in normal operation. Wherein the secondary extraction provides an operating steam source for the auxiliary steam system. And the heated steam drain flows automatically stage by stage between all stages of heaters and then is discharged into a deaerator or a condenser. The only heating steam of the low-pressure heater and the high-pressure heater is the extraction steam of the steam turbine. The formal heating steam source of the deaerator is a two-stage extraction steam of the steam turbine, and the starting and standby steam sources are electric boilers.
In the existing design, an HTR-PM nuclear power unit adopts a 'machine-to-reactor' operation control strategy, and under a 'machine-to-reactor' operation mode, when a system is subjected to variable load, the reactor power is firstly changed, the turbine power is changed along with the reactor power, so that the stable operation of a reactor is facilitated, but the load tracking capability of the unit is poor, the heating energy consumption of an electric boiler is high, a steam generator and a reactor system are easily disturbed, and the operation control pressure of a condenser is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and a method for controlling the operation of a steam generator of a high temperature gas cooled reactor, so as to improve the thermal efficiency of the system and reduce the operation control pressure of the steam condenser.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator operation control system comprises a main pipeline, a first pipeline bypass, a second pipeline bypass and a third pipeline bypass;
the outlet of the steam generator is connected with a steam turbine, a condenser, a shaft seal cooler, a low-pressure feed water heater, a deaerator, a feed pump and a high-pressure feed water heater in sequence through a main pipeline and then returns to the inlet of the steam generator for connection;
the outlet of the steam generator is connected with an atmospheric vent valve through a first pipeline bypass;
an outlet of the steam generator is connected with an inlet of the deaerator through a second pipeline bypass, and a first steam bypass regulating valve is arranged on the second pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the deaerator;
the outlet of the steam generator is connected with the high-pressure feed water heater through a third pipeline bypass, and a second steam bypass adjusting valve is arranged on the third pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the high-pressure feed water heater;
the first steam bypass regulating valve and the second steam bypass regulating valve are respectively connected with the output thermal power control system through a steam bypass controller, and the atmospheric discharge valve is connected with the output thermal power control system through an atmospheric discharge controller.
Specifically, a main steam regulating valve is arranged on a main pipeline between the steam generator and the steam turbine.
Furthermore, the main steam regulating valve is connected with a steam turbine controller, and the rotating speed of the steam turbine is controlled by regulating the opening degree of the main steam regulating valve.
Specifically, a first steam pressure gauge is arranged on a first pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the atmospheric vent valve, and the first steam pressure gauge is connected with the output thermal power control system.
Specifically, a second steam pressure gauge is arranged at an inlet pipeline of the deaerator, a first steam temperature gauge is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the deaerator, and the second steam pressure gauge and the first steam temperature gauge are respectively connected with the output heat power control system.
Specifically, a second steam temperature meter is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-pressure feed water heater and is connected with an output heat power control system.
Specifically, the output thermal power control system is respectively connected with a water supply flow controller and a water supply pump rotating speed characteristic table, and the water supply flow controller and the water supply pump rotating speed characteristic table are respectively connected with the water supply pump.
The invention also provides an operation control method for the high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator, which utilizes the high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator operation control system and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, acquiring a steam pressure given value and a steam temperature given value of the steam generator;
s2, acquiring a steam pressure value of the deaerator, a steam temperature value at an outlet of the deaerator and a steam temperature value at an outlet of the high-pressure feed water heater;
s3, comparing the steam pressure value of the deaerator, the steam temperature value at the outlet of the deaerator and the steam temperature value at the outlet of the high-pressure feed water heater obtained in the step S2 with the steam pressure given value and the steam temperature given value obtained in the step S1 respectively, and obtaining a control variable signal according to deviation;
s4, respectively controlling a first steam bypass regulating valve and a second steam bypass regulating valve through a steam bypass controller according to the control variable signals obtained in the step S3, and introducing the steam discharged from the outlet of the steam generator into a deaerator and a high-pressure feed water heater to serve as heating steam sources;
and S5, acquiring a steam discharge setting value of the steam generator and a steam generator outlet steam pressure value, and controlling the opening of the atmospheric discharge valve through the atmospheric discharge controller when the steam generator outlet steam pressure value is greater than the steam discharge setting value of the steam generator, so as to directly discharge part of steam in the steam generator into the atmosphere.
Specifically, when the steam turbine is shut down by 100% PFP, the steam bypass controller controls the first steam bypass regulating valve to be opened, the exhaust steam of the steam generator is conveyed to the deaerator through the second pipeline bypass to serve as a heating steam source, and the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator are recovered to initial steady-state values.
Specifically, when the steam turbine is shut down by 50% PFP, the steam bypass controller controls the second steam bypass regulating valve to be opened, and part of discharged steam in the steam generator is transmitted to the high-pressure feed water heater through the third pipeline bypass to be used as a heating steam source, so that the feed water temperature at the inlet of the steam generator is recovered to an initial steady-state value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to an operation control system of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator, which is characterized in that three pipeline bypasses are arranged at the outlet of the steam generator, wherein the first pipeline bypass is communicated with the atmosphere through an atmosphere discharge valve, the second pipeline bypass is communicated with a deaerator through a steam bypass regulating valve I, and the third pipeline bypass is communicated with the inlet of a high-pressure feed water heater through a steam bypass regulating valve II. When the system is in variable load, part of discharged steam of the steam generator is introduced into heating pipelines of the deaerator and the high-pressure feed water heater, so that the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator and the feed water temperature of the steam generator are kept in a stable state, the disturbance to the running steam generator and the reactor is reduced, and the safety and the stability of the system are improved; and through retrieving the discharge steam heat and reducing the electric boiler heating steam heat, can show the thermal efficiency that improves the system, also can reduce the operation control pressure of condenser.
Furthermore, a main steam regulating valve is arranged on a main pipeline between the steam generator and the steam turbine, and the main steam regulating valve is mainly used for controlling the steam inlet amount of steam entering the steam turbine so that the output power of the steam turbine is matched with the electric load.
Furthermore, the main steam regulating valve is connected with a steam turbine controller, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is controlled by regulating the opening degree of the main steam regulating valve, the steam turbine controller measures the rotating speed value of the steam turbine and compares the rotating speed value with a system set value, and the steam turbine controller controls the opening degree of the main steam regulating valve through a compared deviation value, so that the rotating speed of the steam turbine is controlled.
Furthermore, a first steam pressure gauge is arranged on a first pipeline bypass between the steam generator and the atmospheric vent valve and connected with the output thermal power control system, wherein the first steam pressure gauge is used for acquiring a steam pressure value at an outlet of the steam generator to be compared with a steam discharge setting value, and controlling the atmospheric vent valve to be opened and closed through an atmospheric vent controller.
Further, the entry pipeline department of oxygen-eliminating device is provided with second steam pressure table, and wherein second steam pressure table is used for acquireing the steam pressure value of oxygen-eliminating device, is provided with first steam thermometer on the outlet pipeline of oxygen-eliminating device, and this first steam thermometer is used for acquireing oxygen-eliminating device export steam temperature value, second steam pressure table and first steam thermometer are connected with output thermal power control system respectively, and the pressure value and the temperature value that acquire the oxygen-eliminating device through second steam pressure table and first steam thermometer carry out the comparison with the system given value to obtain the control variable signal according to the deviation, make opening and closing of steam bypass controller through the first steam bypass governing valve of control variable signal control.
Furthermore, a second steam temperature meter is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-pressure water supply heater and connected with an output heat power control system, wherein the second steam temperature meter is used for acquiring an outlet steam temperature value of the high-pressure water supply heater, and the output heat power control system compares the outlet steam temperature value of the high-pressure water supply heater acquired by the second steam temperature meter with a steam temperature given value and acquires a control variable signal according to deviation so that the steam bypass controller controls the opening and closing of the second steam bypass regulating valve through the control variable signal.
Further, the output thermal power control system is respectively connected with a water supply flow controller and a water supply pump rotating speed characteristic table, and the water supply flow controller and the water supply pump rotating speed characteristic table are respectively connected with the water supply pump; the feed-water pump rotating speed characteristic meter is used for acquiring a feed-water pump rotating speed feedforward signal, the feed-water flow controller is used for correcting the feed-water pump rotating speed feedforward signal acquired by the feed-water pump rotating speed characteristic meter, and the feed-water flow controller changes the feed-water flow of the steam generator by controlling the rotating speed of the feed-water pump.
The invention relates to an operation control method for a high-temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator, which is characterized in that the load of a steam turbine changes, the deviation of the measured value of the steam pressure at the outlet of the steam generator and a given value is corrected by a feed water flow controller, a feed water pump rotating speed feed-forward signal given by a feed water pump rotating speed characteristic table is corrected, and the steam pressure is maintained at the set value by adjusting the rotating speed of a feed water pump to change the feed water flow of the steam generator; after the deaerator pressure, the outlet temperature and the high-pressure feed water heater temperature control variable are obtained, the steam discharge system adjusts the first steam bypass adjusting valve and the second steam bypass adjusting valve according to the control variable, and the discharged steam is introduced into the deaerator and the shell side of the high-pressure feed water heater to serve as a heating steam source, so that the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator and the feed water temperature of the steam generator are kept stable; and when the outlet pressure of the steam generator exceeds the setting value of the discharge pressure, the atmospheric discharge controller opens the atmospheric discharge valve to directly discharge the steam to the atmosphere.
Furthermore, when the steam turbine is stopped by 100% PFP, because part of the discharged steam of the steam generator is pumped out to the deaerator to be used as a heating steam source, the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator are quickly recovered to initial steady state values (rated working condition values) after fluctuation, the operation safety and stability of the deaerator are facilitated, and the disturbance to the water supply side of the high-pressure water supply heater is reduced; in the process, an electric boiler is not needed to provide auxiliary heating steam for the deaerator, and the energy consumption of the electric boiler is reduced.
Further, when the steam turbine is stopped by 50% PFP, because part of discharged steam of the steam generator is extracted to the high-pressure feed water heater to be used as a heating steam source, the feed water temperature at the secondary side inlet of the steam generator can be quickly recovered to an initial steady state value (a rated working condition value) after fluctuation, and the safety and the stability of the operation of the high-pressure feed water heater and the steam generator are facilitated.
In conclusion, the invention reduces the disturbance of the transient process to the steam generator and the reactor system and improves the safety and stability of the unit operation by introducing the steam discharged by the steam generator in the transient process into the deaerator and the shell side of the feedwater heater as a heating steam source; and the heat of the discharged steam is recovered, the heat of the steam heated by the electric boiler is reduced, the heat efficiency of the system is obviously improved, and the operation control pressure of the condenser is reduced.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an operation control system of a steam generator of a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operation control system of the steam generator of the high temperature gas cooled reactor according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a steam generator; 2. a main steam regulating valve; 3. a steam turbine; 4. a condenser; 5. a shaft seal cooler; 6. a low pressure feedwater heater; 7. a deaerator; 8. a feed water pump, 9. a high-pressure feed water heater; 10. an atmospheric vent valve; 11. a first steam bypass regulating valve; 12. a second steam bypass regulating valve; 13. an output thermal power control system; 14. an atmospheric emission controller; 15. a steam bypass controller; 16. a main pipeline; 17. turbine controller, 18. first conduit bypass; 19. a second conduit bypass; 20. a third pipeline bypass; 21. a first steam pressure gauge; 22. a second steam pressure gauge, 23, a first steam temperature gauge; 24. a second steam temperature meter; 25. a feed water flow controller; 26. a rotating speed characteristic table of the water feed pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an operation control system for a steam generator of a high temperature gas cooled reactor, including a steam generator 1, a main steam regulating valve 2, a steam turbine 3, a condenser 4, a shaft seal cooler 5, a low pressure feed water heater 6, a deaerator 7, a feed water pump 8, a high pressure feed water heater 9, an atmospheric discharge valve 10, a first steam bypass regulating valve 11, a second steam bypass regulating valve 12, an output thermal power control system 13, an atmospheric discharge controller 14, and a steam bypass controller 15.
The outlet of the steam generator 1 is connected with a steam turbine 3, a condenser 4, a shaft seal cooler 5, a low-pressure feed water heater 6, a deaerator 7, a feed water pump 8 and a high-pressure feed water heater 9 in sequence through a main pipeline 16 and then returns to the inlet of the steam generator 1 for connection;
the outlet of the steam generator 1 is connected to the atmospheric vent valve 10 through a first conduit bypass 18;
an outlet of the steam generator 1 is connected with an inlet of the deaerator 7 through a second pipeline bypass 19, and a first steam bypass adjusting valve 11 is arranged on the second pipeline bypass 19 between the steam generator 1 and the deaerator 7;
the outlet of the steam generator 1 is connected with the high-pressure feed water heater 9 through a third pipeline bypass 20, and a second steam bypass adjusting valve 12 is arranged on the third pipeline bypass 20 between the steam generator 1 and the high-pressure feed water heater 9.
The first steam bypass regulating valve 11 and the second steam bypass regulating valve 12 are respectively connected with the output thermal power control system 13 through a steam bypass controller 15, and the atmospheric vent valve 10 is connected with the output thermal power control system 13 through an atmospheric vent controller 14.
Specifically, a main pipeline 16 is arranged at an outlet of the steam generator 1, and the main pipeline 16 is communicated with an inlet of the steam turbine 3 through a main steam regulating valve 2; an outlet of the steam turbine 3 is communicated with an inlet of a condenser 4 through a main pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the condenser 4 are communicated with an inlet of a shaft seal cooler 5 through the main pipeline, and an outlet of the shaft seal cooler 5 is communicated with an inlet of a low-pressure feed water heater 6 through the main pipeline; the outlet of the low-pressure feed water heater 6 is communicated with the inlet of a deaerator 7 through a main pipeline, and the outlet of the deaerator 7 is communicated with the inlet of a feed water pump 8 through the main pipeline; the outlet of the feed water pump 8 is communicated with the inlet of the high-pressure feed water heater 9 through a main pipeline, and the outlet of the high-pressure feed water heater 9 is communicated with the inlet of the steam generator 1 through the main pipeline.
A main steam regulating valve 2 is arranged on a main pipeline 16 between the steam generator 1 and the steam turbine 3, the main steam regulating valve 2 is connected with a steam turbine controller 17, and the steam turbine controller 17 controls the rotating speed of the steam turbine 3 by regulating the opening and closing degree of the main steam regulating valve 2.
An outlet of an atmospheric vent valve 10 arranged on the first pipeline bypass 18 is directly communicated with the outside atmosphere, a first steam pressure gauge 21 is arranged on the first pipeline bypass 18 between the steam generator 1 and the atmospheric vent valve 10, and the first steam pressure gauge 21 is connected with the output thermal power control system 13.
In this embodiment, the output thermal power control system 13 is set with a steam generator outlet steam discharge setting value, the output thermal power control system 13 obtains a steam generator 1 outlet steam pressure value through the first steam pressure gauge 21 and compares the steam discharge setting value with the steam pressure value, when the steam pressure value is greater than the steam discharge setting value, the atmospheric discharge controller 14 controls the atmospheric discharge valve 10 to be rapidly opened, part of steam in the steam generator 1 is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the steam pressure of the steam generator 1 is reduced.
Steam generator 1 is connected with the one end of first steam bypass governing valve 11 through second pipeline bypass 19, the other end of first steam bypass governing valve 11 and the entry linkage of oxygen-eliminating device 7, the entrance of oxygen-eliminating device 7 is provided with second steam pressure table 22, second steam pressure table 22 is connected with output thermal power control system 13, be equipped with first steam temperature table 23 on the 7 export pipelines of oxygen-eliminating device, first steam temperature table 23 is connected with output thermal power control system 13.
In this embodiment, the output thermal power control system 13 is configured to obtain a steam pressure set value and a steam temperature set value of the steam generator 1, the output thermal power control system 13 obtains a steam pressure value of the deaerator 7 through the second steam pressure gauge 22, the output thermal power control system 13 obtains a steam temperature value at an outlet of the deaerator 7 through the first steam temperature gauge 23, the output thermal power control system 13 compares the obtained steam pressure value and the obtained steam temperature value at the outlet of the deaerator 7 with the steam pressure set value and the obtained steam temperature set value, obtains a control variable signal according to the deviation of the two, transmits the control variable signal to the steam bypass controller 15, the first steam bypass adjusting valve 11 is controlled by the steam bypass controller 15, and steam discharged from the outlet of the steam generator 1 is introduced into the deaerator 7 to serve as a heating steam source, so that the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator 7 are stabilized.
The steam generator 1 is connected with one end of a second steam bypass regulating valve 12 through a third pipeline bypass 20, the other end of the second steam bypass regulating valve 12 is communicated with an inlet of a high-pressure feed water heater 9, a second steam temperature meter 24 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-pressure feed water heater 9, and the second steam temperature meter 24 is connected with an output heat power control system 13.
In this embodiment, the output thermal power control system 13 is configured to obtain a steam pressure set value and a steam temperature set value of the steam generator 1, where the output thermal power control system 13 obtains a steam temperature value at an outlet of the high-pressure feedwater heater 9 through the second steam temperature meter 24, the output thermal power control system 13 compares the obtained steam temperature value at the outlet of the high-pressure feedwater heater 9 with the steam pressure set value and the steam temperature set value, obtains a control variable signal according to a deviation between the two values, transmits the control variable signal to the steam bypass controller 15, controls the second steam bypass regulating valve 12 through the steam bypass controller 15, introduces steam discharged from the outlet of the steam generator 1 into the high-pressure feedwater heater 9 as a heating steam source, and stabilizes the feedwater temperature of the steam generator 1.
The output thermal power control system 13 is connected to a feed water flow controller 25 and a feed water pump rotational speed characteristic table 26, respectively, and the feed water flow controller 25 and the feed water pump rotational speed characteristic table 26 are connected to the feed water pump 8, respectively.
In this embodiment, the output thermal power control system 13 is configured to obtain a steam pressure set value and a steam temperature set value of the steam generator 1; the feed water pump speed characteristic table 26 is used for obtaining a feed forward signal of the speed of the feed water pump 8, the feed water flow controller 25 is used for correcting the feed forward signal of the speed of the feed water pump 8 obtained by the feed water pump speed characteristic table 26, and the feed water flow controller 25 changes the feed water flow of the steam generator 1 by controlling the speed of the feed water pump 8, so that the steam pressure of the steam generator 1 is stabilized.
The steam pressure at the outlet of the steam generator 1 is directly controlled by adjusting the water supply flow, so that the steam pressure can be restored to an initial value after the transient process is finished, in the transient process, the actual values of key parameters of the system are compared with the safety limit values of the key parameters, the actual values of the key parameters do not exceed the corresponding safety limit values, the disturbance of the transient process to the steam generator 1 and a reactor system is reduced, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor has higher load tracking capability, and the safety and stability of unit operation are improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the operation control method for the steam generator of the high temperature gas cooled reactor of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a steam pressure given value and a steam temperature given value of the steam generator 1;
the output thermal power control system 13 is used to obtain a steam pressure set point and a steam temperature set point of the steam generator 1.
S2, acquiring a steam pressure value of the deaerator 7, a steam temperature value at an outlet of the deaerator 7 and a steam temperature value at an outlet of the high-pressure feed water heater 9;
output thermal power control system 13 acquires the 7 steam pressure values of oxygen-eliminating device through second steam pressure gauge 22, and output thermal power control system 13 acquires 7 export steam temperature values of oxygen-eliminating device through first steam temperature table 23, and output thermal power control system 13 acquires 9 export steam temperature values of high pressure feedwater heater through second steam temperature table 24.
S3, comparing the obtained steam pressure value of the deaerator 7, the steam temperature value at the outlet of the deaerator 7 and the steam temperature value at the outlet of the high-pressure feed water heater 9 with the steam pressure set value and the steam temperature set value respectively, and obtaining a control variable signal according to the deviation of the steam pressure set value and the steam temperature set value;
s4, respectively controlling a first steam bypass adjusting valve 11 and a second steam bypass adjusting valve 12 through a steam bypass controller 15 according to the obtained control variable signal, introducing the steam discharged from the outlet of the steam generator 1 into a deaerator 7 and a high-pressure feed water heater 9 to serve as heating steam sources, and stabilizing the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator 7 and the feed water temperature of the steam generator 9;
the output thermal power control system 13 compares the obtained steam pressure value of the deaerator 7, the steam temperature value of the deaerator 7 and the steam temperature value of the high-pressure feed water heater 9 with the steam pressure given value and the steam temperature given value respectively, and obtains a control variable signal according to the deviation of the steam pressure value and the steam temperature given value, wherein the output thermal power control system 13 transmits the control variable signal to the steam bypass controller 15, the steam bypass controller 15 controls the first steam bypass regulating valve 11 and the second steam bypass regulating valve 12 respectively through the control variable signal, the steam discharged from the outlet of the steam generator 1 is introduced into the deaerator 7 and the high-pressure feed water heater 9 to serve as heating steam sources, and the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator 7 and the feed water temperature of the steam generator 9 are stabilized.
S5, acquiring a steam discharge setting value of the steam generator 1 and an outlet steam pressure value of the steam generator 1, comparing the acquired outlet steam pressure value with the steam discharge setting value, controlling the opening of the atmospheric discharge valve 10 through the atmospheric discharge controller 14, directly discharging part of steam in the steam generator 1 into the atmosphere, and reducing the steam pressure of the steam generator 1.
In this embodiment, the output thermal power control system 13 is set with a steam discharge setting value of an outlet of the steam generator 1, the steam discharge setting value is set to 14.8MPa, wherein the output thermal power control system 13 obtains a steam pressure value of the outlet of the steam generator 1 through a first steam pressure gauge 21 and compares the steam pressure value with the steam discharge setting value, and when the steam pressure value of the outlet of the steam generator 1 is greater than the discharge setting value of 14.8MPa, the atmospheric discharge controller 14 controls the atmospheric discharge valve 10 to be rapidly opened, so that part of steam is directly discharged to the atmosphere, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the steam pressure of the steam generator 1, and simultaneously reducing the transient mismatch degree of the nuclear power of the high temperature gas cooled reactor.
When the steam turbine 3 is shut down by 100% PFP, the steam bypass controller 15 controls the first steam bypass regulating valve 11 to be opened, the discharged steam of the steam generator 1 is conveyed to the deaerator 7 through the second pipeline bypass 19 to serve as a heating steam source, the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator 7 are rapidly recovered to an initial steady state value (a rated working condition value) after fluctuation, the safety and the stability of the operation of the deaerator 7 are facilitated, the disturbance of a water supply side of the high-pressure water supply heater 9 is reduced, an electric boiler is not needed to provide auxiliary heating steam for the deaerator 7 in the process, and the energy consumption of the electric boiler is reduced;
when the steam turbine 3 is stopped by 50% PFP, the steam bypass controller 15 controls the second steam bypass regulating valve 12 to open, and part of the discharged steam in the steam generator 1 is delivered to the high-pressure feed water heater 9 through the third pipeline bypass 20 to be used as a heating steam source, so that the inlet feed water temperature of the steam generator 1 can be rapidly recovered to an initial steady state value (a rated working condition value) after fluctuation, and the safety and the stability of the operation of the high-pressure feed water heater 9 and the steam generator 1 are facilitated.
According to the invention, three pipeline bypasses are arranged at the outlet of a steam generator 1, wherein a first pipeline bypass 18 is communicated with the atmosphere through an atmosphere exhaust valve 10, a second pipeline bypass 19 is communicated with a deaerator 7 through a first steam bypass regulating valve 11, a third pipeline bypass 20 is communicated with the inlet of a high-pressure feed water heater 9 through a second steam bypass regulating valve 12, and when the system is in variable load, part of exhaust steam of the steam generator 1 is introduced into heating pipelines of the deaerator 7 and the high-pressure feed water heater 9, so that the pressure and the outlet temperature of the deaerator 1 and the feed water temperature of the steam generator 1 are maintained in a stable state, the disturbance to the operation of the steam generator 1 and a reactor is reduced, and the safety and the stability of the system are improved; and through retrieving the discharge steam heat and reducing the electric boiler heating steam heat, can show the thermal efficiency that improves the system, also can reduce the operation control pressure of condenser.
In summary, according to the operation control system and method for the steam generator of the high temperature gas cooled reactor, provided by the invention, the steam discharged by the steam generator in the transient process is introduced into the deaerator and the shell side of the feed water heater to be used as a heating steam source, so that the disturbance of the transient process to the steam generator and the reactor system is reduced, and the safety and stability of the unit operation are improved; and the heat of the discharged steam is recovered, the heat of the steam heated by the electric boiler is reduced, the heat efficiency of the system is obviously improved, and the operation control pressure of the condenser is reduced.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116293862A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-06-23 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 | Heat supply device and heat supply method for high temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant |
| CN117524524A (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-02-06 | 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 | A shutdown and non-stop system for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors |
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| CN113266438A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-17 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Operation control system and method based on high-temperature gas cooled reactor |
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Application publication date: 20220715 |