CN114438940A - Automatic shovel mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shovel mechanism, comprising a frame, an input connecting rod assembly arranged on the frame, a transition connecting rod connected with the input connecting rod assembly, an output connecting rod assembly installed on the frame, and a The shovel assembly on the output link assembly; the transition link is hingedly installed with the output link assembly, the frame is provided with a link limit ring assembly for limiting the travel of the output link assembly, the machine The frame is provided with a shovel limit ring assembly used to limit the travel of the shovel assembly. The automatic shovel mechanism of this technical solution enables the connecting rod assembly to achieve large The range of rotation enables the shovel to perform a large-angle rotation adjustment. Through the setting of the connecting rod limit ring assembly and the shovel limit ring assembly, the shovel can shovel the target item according to the predetermined trajectory to ensure the stable operation of the overall structure. and shovel accuracy.

Description

Automatic shovel mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the field of accumulation removal, in particular to an automatic shovel mechanism.

Background technique

With the development of modern science and technology, people's life safety is gradually guaranteed. However, natural disasters such as landslides, landslides, and mudslides will still threaten people's lives and property safety. Once the above-mentioned disasters occur, the first emergency rescue has become the main means to ensure safety. For some narrow roads, large construction machinery cannot enter, so the road needs to be cleared first.

The shovel has been widely used since ancient China. It has the characteristics of convenient use and large capacity. It can be used to shovel grain and clear snow. After a natural disaster, the shovel can be used to remove obstacles such as sediment, rock debris and other obstacles on the road. For the problem of dredging a large amount of sediment, manual shoveling is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the best rescue time may be missed. The existing automatic shovelling mechanism is difficult to accurately limit the position, resulting in scattered sand and poor cleaning effect. If accurate action is required, the mechanism needs to add an additional control system, and the device is complicated.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, an automatic shovel mechanism is required, which can realize fast and effective shoveling of sundries, and at the same time ensure the stability of the operation of the whole process and the accuracy of shovelling.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the automatic shovel mechanism of this technical solution enables the connecting rod assembly to realize a wide range of rotation through the setting of the input connecting rod assembly, the output connecting rod assembly and the universal joint, so that the shovel can be rotated at a large angle. Through the arrangement of the connecting rod limit ring assembly and the shovel limit ring assembly, the shovel can shovel the target item according to a predetermined trajectory, so as to ensure the stable operation of the overall structure and the shovel accuracy.

An automatic shovel mechanism includes a frame, an input connecting rod assembly arranged on the frame, a transition connecting rod connected with the input connecting rod assembly, an output connecting rod assembly installed on the frame, and an output connecting rod assembly arranged on the frame The shovel assembly on the connecting rod; the transition link and the output link assembly are hingedly installed, the frame is provided with a connecting rod limit ring assembly used to limit the travel of the output link assembly, and the frame is provided with a useful The shovel stop ring assembly is used to limit the travel of the shovel assembly.

Further, the input link assembly includes a drive motor mounted on the frame, an input sleeve rod used in conjunction with the drive motor, an output sleeve rod slidably sleeved on the input sleeve rod, and arranged on the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod. A connecting rod spring between them and a first connecting rod arranged at the end of the output sleeve rod; the output sleeve rod is connected and installed with the first connecting rod, and the input motor can drive the input sleeve rod to rotate around the installation shaft of the input motor.

Further, the input sleeve rod has the same structure as the output sleeve rod, and the end of the output sleeve rod protrudes outward to form a sleeve rod support lug that is rotated and installed with the first connecting rod. "type structure, a first universal joint is arranged between the first connecting rod and the transition connecting rod.

Further, the output link assembly includes a support rod, a second link, and a second universal joint disposed between the support rod and the second link.

Further, the shovel assembly includes a shovel link slidably sleeved on the lower end of the second link, a shovel hinged on the end of the shovel link, and a shovel spring arranged between the shovel link and the second link; the An upper positioning ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the second link, a lower positioning ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the shovel link, and a shovel spring is arranged between the upper positioning ring and the lower positioning ring.

Further, the connecting rod of the shovel protrudes outward in the circumferential direction to form a wire rod, the shovel is connected with a rotation limit rope, one end of the rotation limit rope is connected to the shovel, and the other end of the rotation limit rope passes through The wire rod is connected and installed on the second connecting rod.

Further, the connecting rod limiting ring assembly includes an outer ring track installed on the frame and an inner guide block installed on the frame, a connecting rod track is formed between the outer ring track and the inner guide block, and the first The second link rotates around the link track.

Further, the shovel limiting ring assembly includes a shovel link track mounted on the frame, a guide ring sleeve rod rotatably arranged on the shovel link rod, and a track guide rod sleeved on the guide ring sleeve rod.

Further, the rail guide rod is slidably sleeved on the guide ring sleeve rod, and a rail slot for the rail guide rod to slide is formed in the shovel link rail.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention proposes an automatic shovel mechanism, aiming at the problems of low efficiency of traditional manual shoveling and the like, using a motor to drive the movement of the shovel to reduce the use of manpower.

2. The movement emergency stop mechanism is added. By limiting the connecting rod and using the spring to compress the sleeve rod, the shovel can be moved to a certain height and then stopped in an emergency to lift the sediment out.

3. Using the universal joint and the limit rope, the shovel can be tilted to the side while being raised. The principle is simple, and the shovel and dumping of sediment can be realized without adding additional control.

4. The shovel limit mechanism is designed to ensure the stable movement of the mechanism and the consistent position of each movement cycle, which solves the problem of sediment scattering.

5. The present invention is not limited to the cleaning of sediment under natural disasters, and can be used in other fields as required, with a wide range of applications.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation at B of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of part A of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the B of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the A of the present invention; The input connecting rod assembly on the upper part, the transition connecting rod 8 connected with the input connecting rod assembly, the output connecting rod assembly installed on the frame 1, and the shovel assembly arranged on the output connecting rod assembly; the transition connecting rod 8 and the The output link assembly is hinged (ball hinge or other hinged structures can be used, not shown in the figure), and the frame 1 is provided with a link limit ring for limiting the travel of the output link assembly The frame is provided with a shovel limit ring assembly used to limit the travel of the shovel assembly; the automatic shovel mechanism of this technical solution uses the input link assembly, the output link assembly and the setting of the universal joint, so that the connection is The rod assembly can realize a wide range of rotation, so that the shovel can be rotated at a large angle. Stable operation of the overall structure and accuracy of scraping.

In this embodiment, the input link assembly includes a drive motor 2 mounted on the frame, an input sleeve rod 4 used in cooperation with the drive motor 2, an output sleeve rod 5 slidably sleeved on the input sleeve rod 4, and provided The connecting rod spring 3 between the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod and the first connecting rod 6 arranged at the end of the output sleeve rod 5; the output sleeve rod 5 is connected and installed with the first connecting rod, and the input motor 2 The input sleeve rod can be driven to rotate around the installation shaft of the input motor. The input motor 2 provides output power. Of course, other power mechanisms can also be used as the power output end. The output motor 2 drives the input sleeve rod 4 to rotate. The output motor is installed on the frame 1 through the installation rod (ie, the input motor installation shaft). The input sleeve The rod 4 and the output sleeve rod 5 rotate around the installation rod of the output motor to drive the first connecting rod 6 to rotate. The output sleeve rod 5 is installed in the output sleeve rod 4, and the input sleeve rod 4 and the output sleeve rod 5 can be relatively telescopic. , the connecting rod spring 3 is arranged between the two to ensure that it can return to the original position after expansion and contraction.

In this embodiment, the input sleeve rod 4 has the same structure as the output sleeve rod 5, and the end of the output sleeve rod 5 protrudes outward to form a sleeve rod support lug 51 that is rotated and installed with the first connecting rod. A connecting rod 6 has an "L"-shaped structure as a whole, and a first universal joint 7 is arranged between the first connecting rod 6 and the transition connecting rod 8 . The first connecting rod 6 can be rotated relative to the output sleeve rod 5 through the sleeve rod support lugs 51 provided at the ends. Able to achieve a wide range of large-angle adjustment.

In this embodiment, the output link assembly includes a support rod 19 , a second link 17 and a second universal joint 18 disposed between the support rod and the second link. The support rod 19 and the installation rod are arranged parallel to each other, the support rod 19 is fixedly connected with the frame 1, the second universal joint 18 is arranged between the support rod 19 and the second link 17, and the second link 17 can be Swing, through the cooperation of the transition link 8 and the second link 17, the running track of the shovel at the end of the second link can be effectively controlled.

In this embodiment, the shovel assembly includes a shovel link 26 slidably sleeved at the lower end of the second link 17 , a shovel 14 hinged on the end of the shovel link 26 , and a shovel link 26 and the second link. The shovel spring 16 between 17; the second link 17 is provided with an upper positioning ring 20 in the circumferential direction, the shovel link is provided with a lower positioning ring 21 in the circumferential direction, and the shovel spring 16 is provided on the upper between the positioning ring and the lower positioning ring. The shovel link 26 is slidably installed in the shovel link 26, the second link 17 and the shovel link 26 are both designed as telescopic rod structures, and the shovel spring 16 installed between the upper positioning ring 20 and the lower positioning ring 21 ensures that the After the shovel movement is completed, the two can return to the initial position.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod of the shovel protrudes outward in the circumferential direction to form a wire rod 22, and a rotation limiting rope 25 is connected to the shovel 14. One end of the rotation limiting rope 25 is connected to the shovel and rotates The other end of the limit rope 25 passes through the wire rod and is connected and installed on the second link 17 . The shovel 14 and the shovel connecting rod 26 are hingedly arranged, the wire rod 22 is installed on the shovel connecting rod and the end of the wire rod 22 has a rope installation hole, one end of the rotation limit rope 25 is fixed on the shovel, and the other end is installed on the shovel. At the lower end of the second link 17, the rotation angle of the shovel is ensured by the setting of the rotation limit rope 25, which facilitates the control of the object to be shoveled.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod limit ring assembly includes an outer ring track 9 installed on the frame 1 and an inner guide block 10 installed on the frame, and a connection is formed between the outer ring track and the inner guide block. A rod track, the second link 17 rotates around the link track. A closed link track is formed by the outer ring track 9 and the inner guide block 10 installed on the frame, so that the second link 17 can only slide in the track of the track during the entire running process, which greatly improves the The stable performance of the product operation and the accuracy of the shovel process are ensured.

In this embodiment, the shovel limit ring assembly includes a shovel link rail 12 installed on the frame 1 , a guide ring sleeve rod 24 rotatably disposed on the shovel link rod 26 , and a guide ring sleeve rod 24 sleeved on the guide ring sleeve rod 24 the track guide rod 23. The guide ring sleeve rod 24 is rotatably installed on the lower end of the shovel connecting rod 26, so that during operation, the guide ring sleeve rod 24 can rotate circumferentially around the shovel connecting rod 26, and the track guide rod 23 is connected and installed with the guide ring sleeve rod 24 Afterwards, the track guide rod 23 can also rotate in the circumferential direction during operation.

In this embodiment, the rail guide rod 23 is slidably sleeved on the guide ring sleeve rod 24 , and a rail slot 16 for the rail guide rod 23 to slide is formed in the shovel link rail. The shovel link track 12 is a closed ring structure, the inner side of the shovel link track 12 is provided with a track slot 16, the end of the track guide rod 23 is slidably installed inside the track slot 16 and slides along the track, the track guide rod The end of 23 is set as a spherical structure to ensure that it will not fall off the track during the sliding process. The guide ring sleeve rod 24 and the rail guide rod 23 can be extended and retracted relative to each other. During the operation of the rail guide rod 23, they can be retracted and rotated at the same time, which meets the limit requirement of the movement of the overall structure.

working principle:

(1) Shovel stage

The second connecting rod 17 is initially located in a vertical position, which is an initial position of the mechanism. The shovel remains horizontal without the force of the shovel (such as sediment, gravel, etc.), and the rotation limit rope 25 also remains loose. The input sleeve rod 4 and the output sleeve rod rotate, and the first connecting rod 6 also rotates. Due to the action of the shovel spring 16, the shovel will not be lifted, but will travel a distance in a straight line in the track, and the shovel on the ground will be shoveled. Shovel things up.

(2) Extraction stage

When the shovel moves in a straight line for a certain distance, the pulling force of the shovel spring will increase with the increase of the distance. When the pulling force is greater than the weight of the shovel and the object, the shovel will leave the ground and be lifted by the shovel spring. At this time, the object will follow the first The two links 17 rotate together.

(3) Parabolic stage

When the second link 17 moves to the designated position, the second link 17 stops moving immediately, and the object in the shovel is thrown out due to inertia. It is tensioned, which drives the shovel to rotate relative to the shovel connecting rod 26, so that the object is thrown to the side and front. At this time, the input sleeve rod 4 and the output sleeve rod 5 continue to rotate, so that the connecting rod spring 3 is compressed, and the input sleeve rod 4 and the output sleeve rod The length between the sleeve rods 5 is shortened.

(4) Return stage

When the parabolic phase ends, the distance between the input sleeve rod 4 and the output sleeve rod 5 returns to the original length, and since the first connecting rod 6 has passed the limit position for a period of time, the speed of the first connecting rod 6 will be from zero At the same time, due to the setting of the shovel limit ring assembly, the second link 17 will gradually return to the initial position along the track slot 16. During the whole process, due to the setting of the two limit ring assemblies, the running track of the shovel is ensured .

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An automatic shovel mechanism is characterized in that: comprising a frame, an input connecting rod assembly arranged on the frame, a transition connecting rod connected with the input connecting rod assembly, an output connecting rod assembly installed on the frame and A shovel assembly arranged on the output connecting rod assembly; the transition connecting rod is hingedly installed with the output connecting rod assembly, and a connecting rod limit ring assembly for limiting the travel of the output connecting rod assembly is arranged on the frame, so The frame is provided with a shovel limiting ring assembly for limiting the travel of the shovel assembly. 2 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein the input link assembly comprises a drive motor mounted on the frame, an input sleeve rod used in cooperation with the drive motor, and a slidable inner sleeve on the input sleeve. 3 . The output sleeve rod of the rod, the connecting rod spring arranged between the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod, and the first connecting rod arranged at the end of the output sleeve rod; the output sleeve rod is connected and installed with the first connecting rod, and the The input motor can drive the input sleeve rod to rotate around the input motor mounting shaft. 3 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 2 , wherein the input sleeve rod and the output sleeve rod have the same structure, and the end of the output sleeve rod protrudes outward to form a rotatable installation with the first connecting rod. 4 . For the sleeve rod support lug, the first connecting rod has an "L"-shaped structure as a whole, and a first universal joint is arranged between the first connecting rod and the transition connecting rod. 4. The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the output link assembly comprises a support rod, a second link and a second universal joint disposed between the support rod and the second link . 5 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 4 , wherein the shovel assembly comprises a shovel link slidably sleeved on the lower end of the second link, a shovel hinged on the end of the shovel link, and a shovel set on the shovel. 6 . a shovel spring between the connecting rod and the second connecting rod; an upper positioning ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the second connecting rod, a lower positioning ring is arranged in the circumferential direction of the shovel connecting rod, and the shovel spring is arranged on the between the upper positioning ring and the lower positioning ring. 6 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 5 , wherein the connecting rod of the shovel protrudes outward in the circumferential direction to form a wire rod, the shovel is connected with a rotation limit rope, and the rotation limit One end of the rope is connected to the shovel, and the other end of the rotation limit rope passes through the wire rod and is connected and installed on the second connecting rod. 7 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 4 , wherein the connecting rod limit ring assembly comprises an outer ring track installed on the frame and an inner guide block installed on the frame, and the outer ring A link track is formed between the track and the inner guide block, and the second link rotates around the link track. 8 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 5 , wherein the shovel limit ring assembly comprises a shovel link track mounted on the frame, a guide ring sleeve rod rotatably arranged on the shovel link and The track guide rod is sheathed on the guide ring sleeve rod. 9 . The automatic shovel mechanism according to claim 8 , wherein the rail guide rod is slidably sleeved on the guide ring sleeve rod, and the shovel link rail is provided with a rail slot for the rail guide rod to slide. 10 . .

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