CN114236675A - Optical fiber and optical fiber communication system - Google Patents
Optical fiber and optical fiber communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114236675A CN114236675A CN202111615508.9A CN202111615508A CN114236675A CN 114236675 A CN114236675 A CN 114236675A CN 202111615508 A CN202111615508 A CN 202111615508A CN 114236675 A CN114236675 A CN 114236675A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 216
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35364—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an optic fibre and optical fiber communication system relates to communication sensing technical field, can realize communication function and sensing function in same root optic fibre, has avoided the repeated construction of optic fibre laying and the extravagant problem of optic fibre resource. The optical fiber includes: at least two cores and a cladding; the cladding comprises at least two trench structures, wherein the core is arranged in the trench structures, the refractive index of the core is larger than that of the cladding, and the at least two cores comprise a first core which comprises a dopant for adjusting the scattering rate.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication sensing, in particular to an optical fiber and an optical fiber communication system.
Background
With the rapid development of information technologies such as the 6th generation mobile communication technology (6G for short) and the internet of things technology, the optical fiber communication system as an infrastructure of the information technology has attracted attention in various fields.
In the fields of petrochemical industry, high-voltage power transmission, geological structures and the like, optical fibers are required to be laid to construct an optical fiber communication system to realize a communication function, and sensing elements are required to be laid to construct a sensing system to realize a sensing function. Existing sensing systems often use optical fibers as a sensing element and a transmission medium for sensing signals, so as to monitor environmental parameters of an environment in which the optical fibers are located. Therefore, more and more optical fibers for realizing the communication function and optical fibers for realizing the sensing function are laid, which causes repeated construction of laying the optical fibers and waste of optical fiber resources, so that designing an optical fiber capable of realizing the communication function and the sensing function in the same optical fiber becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an optical fiber and an optical fiber communication system, which can realize a communication function and a sensing function in the same optical fiber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided an optical fiber comprising: at least two cores and a cladding; the cladding comprises at least two trench structures, wherein the core is arranged in the trench structures, the refractive index of the core is larger than that of the cladding, and the at least two cores comprise a first core which comprises a dopant for adjusting the scattering rate. In the above optical fiber, the optical fiber includes at least two cores and a cladding, and the cladding includes at least two trench structures, the cores are disposed in the trench structures, so that the cladding protects the cores therein, and the refractive index of the cores is greater than that of the trench structures, so that total reflection occurs on optical signals transmitted in the cores, loss of the optical signals transmitted in the cores is reduced, and crosstalk between the optical signals transmitted in one core and optical signals transmitted in other cores is prevented, and the at least two cores include a first core, the first core includes a dopant for adjusting scattering, that is, the first core is used for transmitting light scattering signals, and the other cores are used for transmitting modulated optical signals, so that a communication function and a sensing function can be implemented in the same light ray.
Optionally, the first core is located in a trench structure in the center of the cladding, and the at least two cores further include at least one second core, and the at least one second core is disposed in the at least one trench structure around the first core. In this alternative, the first core and the at least one second core disposed around the first core are equidistant to effectively prevent the sensing optical signal or the light scattering signal transmitted in the first core from interfering with the modulated optical signal transmitted in the second core, and the at least one second core of the cladding is equidistant to make the optical fiber more stress-resistant, and the cladding effectively protects the cores, and at the same time, the arrangement is such that more second cores for transmitting the modulated optical signal to perform the communication function are accommodated in the optical fiber.
Optionally, the dopant includes one or more of: germanium, fluorine, gallium, indium. In this alternative, the dopant disposed in the first core may improve the diffusivity of the first core, and as the concentration of the dopant disposed in the first core becomes higher, the diffusivity of the first fiber also becomes greater.
Optionally, the first core includes: single mode cores, multimode cores, and few mode cores. In this alternative, the structure of the first core may be a single-mode core, a multi-mode core, and a few-mode core, and one of the structures of the first core may be selected according to the actual application.
Optionally, the at least one second core comprises: single mode core, few mode core. In this alternative, the structure of the at least one second core may be a single mode core, a few mode core, so that the present application may be adapted to more optical fibers.
In a second aspect, there is provided a fiber optic communications system comprising: a first laser source, a modulation module, a first fan-in fan-out device, a second fan-in fan-out device, a demodulation module, a sensing demodulation module, and an optical fiber as described in any of the above first aspects; the first laser light source is connected to the modulation module, and the modulation module is connected to the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two output ends; one output end of the first fan-in fan-out device is connected with the input end of one fiber core in the optical fibers; the second fan-in and fan-out equipment comprises at least two input ends, one input end of the second fan-in and fan-out equipment is connected with the output end of one fiber core, and the second fan-in and fan-out equipment is also connected to the demodulation module; the first laser light source is used for generating a sensing optical signal and at least one carrier optical signal and transmitting the sensing optical signal and the at least one carrier optical signal to the modulation module; the modulation module is used for respectively modulating one path of transmission signal on at least one carrier optical signal to generate at least one modulated optical signal; the first fan-in fan-out equipment is used for respectively transmitting at least one modulated optical signal to one fiber core except the first fiber core; the second fan-in fan-out device is used for receiving at least one modulated optical signal transmitted by at least one fiber core and transmitting the at least one modulated optical signal to the demodulation module; the demodulation module is used for respectively demodulating at least one path of transmission signal in at least one modulated optical signal; the sensing demodulation module is connected with the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fiber core is also used for receiving the sensing optical signal transmitted by the modulation module through the first fan-in fan-out equipment, generating an optical scattering signal of the sensing optical signal and transmitting the optical scattering signal to the first fan-in fan-out equipment; and the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signal transmitted by the first fan-in fan-out equipment and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signal.
Optionally, the sensing demodulation module is specifically configured to, according to one or more of the following parameters of the light scattering signal: phase, frequency and light intensity, environmental parameters of the environment in which the optical fiber is located are measured.
Optionally, the environmental parameters include at least one or more of: temperature parameters, strain parameters, vibration parameters.
In a third aspect, a fiber optic communication system is provided, comprising: the optical fiber demodulation device comprises a first laser light source, a modulation module, a first fan-in fan-out device, a second fan-in fan-out device, a demodulation module, a second laser light source, a sensing demodulation module and the optical fiber according to any one of the first aspect; the first laser light source is connected to the modulation module, and the modulation module is connected to the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two output ends; one output end of the first fan-in fan-out device is connected with the input end of one fiber core in the optical fibers; the second fan-in and fan-out equipment comprises at least two input ends, one input end of the second fan-in and fan-out equipment is connected with the output end of one fiber core, and the second fan-in and fan-out equipment is also connected to the demodulation module; the first laser light source is used for generating at least one carrier optical signal and transmitting the at least one carrier optical signal to the modulation module; the modulation module is used for respectively modulating one path of transmission signal on at least one carrier optical signal to generate at least one modulation optical signal; the first fan-in fan-out equipment is used for respectively outputting at least one modulated optical signal to a fiber core except the first fiber core; the second fan-in fan-out device is used for receiving at least one modulated optical signal transmitted by at least one fiber core and transmitting the at least one modulated optical signal to the demodulation module, and the demodulation module is used for demodulating at least one path of transmission signal in the at least one modulated optical signal respectively; the second laser light source is connected with the first fan-in fan-out equipment through the sensing demodulation module; the second laser light source is used for generating a sensing light signal and transmitting the sensing light signal to the sensing demodulation module; the sensing demodulation module is used for transmitting the sensing optical signal to the first fiber core through the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fiber core is also used for generating a light scattering signal of the sensing optical signal and transmitting the light scattering signal to the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signal transmitted by the first fan-in fan-out equipment and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signal; or the second laser light source is connected with the second fan-in fan-out equipment through the sensing demodulation module; the second laser light source is used for generating a sensing light signal and transmitting the sensing light signal to the sensing demodulation module; the sensing demodulation module is used for transmitting the sensing optical signal to the first fiber core through the second fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fiber core is also used for generating a light scattering signal of the sensing optical signal and transmitting the light scattering signal to the second fan-in fan-out equipment; and the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signal transmitted by the second fan-in fan-out equipment and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signal.
Optionally, the sensing demodulation module is specifically configured to, according to one or more of the following parameters of the light scattering signal: phase, frequency and light intensity, environmental parameters of the environment in which the optical fiber is located are measured.
Optionally, the environmental parameters include at least one or more of: temperature parameters, strain parameters, vibration parameters.
For a detailed description of the second aspect, the third aspect and various implementations thereof, reference may be made to the detailed description of the first aspect and various implementations thereof; moreover, the beneficial effects of the second and third aspects and various implementations thereof can be analyzed with reference to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and various implementations thereof.
These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensing system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another structure of an optical fiber according to the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber communication system according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber communication system according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber communication system according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Where in the description of the present application, "/" indicates a relationship where the objects associated before and after are an "or", unless otherwise stated, for example, a/B may indicate a or B; in the present application, "and/or" is only an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. Also, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two unless otherwise specified. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate clear description of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.
In addition, the network architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiment of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, and it can be known by a person skilled in the art that along with the evolution of the network architecture and the appearance of a new service scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.
In addition, the appearances of "less than" or "greater than" in the embodiments of the present application may include the same thing but it is to be understood that if two ranges exist and have a common extreme, only one of the two ranges may include equal. For example, if a is greater than 1, then a equals b; if a is less than 1, a is equal to c; in this case, a is not less than 1 or a is not more than 1 can be selected. The selection can be specifically performed according to the actual situation, and in the embodiment of the present application, a certain range can be selected according to the actual situation, and the range can include the value equal to the value.
With the rapid development of information technologies such as the 6th generation mobile communication technology (6G for short) and the internet of things technology, the optical fiber communication system as an infrastructure of the information technology has attracted attention in various fields.
In the fields of petrochemical industry, high-voltage power transmission, geological structures and the like, optical fibers are required to be laid to construct an optical fiber communication system to realize a communication function, and sensing elements are required to be laid to construct a sensing system to realize a sensing function. Existing sensing systems, which are also referred to as fiber optic sensing systems, often use optical fibers as a sensing element and a transmission medium for sensing signals to monitor physical quantities of the environment in which the optical fibers are located.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a fiber optic communication system 10, where the fiber optic communication system 10 includes a laser light source 101, a modulation module 102, a fan-in fan-out device 103, an optical fiber 104, a fan-in fan-out device 105, and a demodulation module 106.
The laser light source 101 is connected to the modulation module 102, and the modulation module 102 is connected to the fan-in fan-out device 103; the fan-in and fan-out device 103 comprises at least two output ends, one output end of the fan-in and fan-out device 103 is connected with the input end of one core in the optical fibers 104; the fan-in fan-out device 105 comprises at least two inputs, one input of the fan-in fan-out device 105 being connected to an output of one of the cores, the fan-in fan-out device 105 being further connected to the demodulation block 106. The laser light source 101 generates a carrier optical signal λ 1, and transmits the carrier optical signal λ 1 to the modulation module 102, the modulation module 102 modulates a path of transmission signal on the carrier optical signal λ 1 to generate a modulated optical signal λ 1t, and transmits the modulated optical signal λ 1t to the fan-in fan-out device 103, the fan-in fan-out device 103 transmits the received modulated optical signal λ 1t to an input end of a fiber core in the optical fiber 104, and transmits the modulated optical signal λ 1t to the demodulation module 106 through an output end of the fiber core in the optical fiber 104 to transmit to the fan-in fan-out device 105, the fan-in fan-out device 105 receives the modulated optical signal λ 1t in the fiber core in the optical fiber 104, and transmits the modulated optical signal λ 1t to the demodulation module 106, and the demodulation module 106 demodulates the modulated optical signal λ 1t to generate a path of transmission signal, so as to implement a communication function.
For example, the laser light source 101 may generate more carrier optical signals, and the modulation module 102 may also modulate one transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. When the modulated optical signal is increased, a multiplexer may be provided between the modulation module 102 and the fan-in fan-out device 103, and a demultiplexer may be provided between the fan-in fan-out device 105 and the demodulation module 106. The combiner combines a plurality of modulated optical signals generated by the modulation module 102 to generate a combined modulated optical signal, and then transmits the combined modulated optical signal to the fan-out device 103, the fan-in fan-out device 103 transmits the received combined modulated optical signal to one fiber core in the optical fiber 104, and transmits the received combined modulated optical signal to the fan-in fan-out device 105 through the fiber core in the optical fiber 104, the fan-in fan-out device 105 receives the combined modulated optical signal transmitted in the fiber core in the optical fiber 104, and transmits the combined modulated optical signal to the demultiplexer, so that the demultiplexer demultiplexes the combined modulated optical signal into a plurality of modulated optical signals, and then transmits the plurality of modulated optical signals to the demodulation module 106, and the demodulation module 106 demodulates each modulated optical signal to generate one path of transmission signals, so as to implement a communication function.
For example, when the laser light source 101 generates more carrier optical signals, the modulation module 102 may modulate a transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. When the number of the modulated optical signals becomes larger, the fan-in fan-out device 103 transmits each of the received plurality of modulated optical signals to the input end of one core in the optical fiber 104, for example, the number of the modulated optical signals is required to be smaller than or equal to the number of the cores in the optical fiber 104. The fan-in fan-out device 105 receives a modulated optical signal transmitted through an output end of a core in the optical fiber 104, and transmits the modulated optical signal to the demodulation module 106, and the demodulation module 106 demodulates the modulated optical signal to implement a communication function.
It should be noted that more or fewer functional modules may be included in the fiber optic communication system shown in fig. 1. In addition, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of carrier optical signals generated by the laser light source 101 in the optical fiber communication system 10 shown in fig. 1, and does not limit the number of cores in the optical fiber 104 in the optical fiber communication system shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber sensing system 20, in the optical fiber sensing system 20, a laser light source 201, an optical fiber 202, and a sensing demodulation module 203 are included. The laser light source 201 is used for generating a sensing optical signal λ 2 and transmitting the sensing optical signal λ 2 to the optical fiber 202 through the sensing demodulation module 203. The sensing optical signal λ 2 transmitted in the optical fiber 202 generates a light scattering signal λ 2 'by a scattering effect, the light scattering signal λ 2' is opposite to the transmission direction of the sensing optical signal λ 2, and when environmental parameters such as a temperature parameter, a stress parameter, and a vibration parameter in an environment where the optical fiber 202 is located are changed, the light scattering signal λ 2 'responds to the change of the environmental parameters in the environment, so that parameters such as a phase, a frequency, and a light intensity of the light scattering signal λ 2' are changed, and the light scattering signal λ 2 'is transmitted to the sensing demodulator module 203 through the optical fiber 202, and the sensing demodulator 203 demodulates the light scattering signal λ 2' to obtain a magnitude of a change of the environmental parameters in the environment where the optical fiber 202 is located, so as to implement a sensing function.
Since the optical fiber 104 in the optical fiber communication system 10 can only implement the communication function and the optical fiber 202 in the optical fiber sensing system 20 can only implement the sensing function, when the communication function and the sensing function need to be implemented in one environment, two optical fibers often need to be laid, which causes repeated construction of laying the optical fibers and waste of optical fiber resources, so that designing an optical fiber capable of implementing the communication function and the sensing function in the same optical fiber becomes a problem that needs to be solved urgently at present
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber 300, a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical fiber 300 is shown in fig. 3, the optical fiber 300 can implement a communication function and a sensing function in the same optical fiber, the optical fiber 300 includes at least two cores and a cladding; the cladding comprises at least two trench structures, wherein the core is arranged in the trench structures, the refractive index of the core is larger than that of the cladding, and the at least two cores comprise a first core which comprises a dopant for adjusting the scattering rate.
Fig. 3 illustrates the function of the optical fiber 300 by taking 2 cores 301 (i.e., a first core 301-1 and a core 301-2) as an example, wherein the cladding 302 includes a trench structure 303 (i.e., a trench structure 303-1 and a trench structure 303-2), the first core 301-1 is disposed in the trench structure 303-1, and the core 301-2 is disposed in the trench structure 303-2.
The first core 301-1 includes a dopant for adjusting scattering rate, which may be one or more of germanium (Ge), fluorine (F), gallium (Ga), and indium (In). The first core 301-1 is used for realizing a sensing function, specifically, the scattering rate of the first core 301-1 may be set according to actual needs, and then the doping concentration of the dopant in the first core 301-1 may be set according to the scattering rate of the first core 301-1, for example, when the scattering rate of the first core 301-1 is required to be larger, the doping concentration of the dopant in the first core 301-1 may be increased; the dopant concentration of the dopants in the first core 301-1 may be reduced when a lower scattering ratio of the first core 301-1 is desired.
In some embodiments, when the scattering rate of the first core 301-1 is increased, the scattering effect of the sensing optical signal transmitted in the first core 301-1 is increased, and the generated optical scattering signal is increased, so that when the environmental parameter of the environment where the first core 301-1 is located is changed, more optical scattering signals respond to the change of the environmental parameter of the environment, so that the first core 301-1 is more sensitive to the change of the environmental parameter of the environment, and the sensing function of the core 301-1 is better.
Specifically, the first core 301-1 may be a single-mode core, a multi-mode core, and a few-mode core, and the structure of the first core 301-1 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
The fiber core 301-2 transmits a modulated optical signal for communication. Specifically, the core 301-2 may be a single-mode core and a few-mode core, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the core 301-2.
The refractive index of the trench structure 303 is lower than that of the core 301, so that the modulated optical signal, the sensing optical signal and the light scattering signal transmitted in the core 301 are totally reflected, and the loss of the modulated optical signal, the sensing optical signal and the light scattering signal transmitted in the core 301 is reduced.
Illustratively, the material in the optical fiber 300 includes silicon dioxide (SiO)2)。
It should be noted that the optical fiber 300 may further include x cores, where 1 first core of the cores is used for implementing a sensing function, and the other cores are used for implementing a communication function, where x is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
The cross section of the cladding 302 in the optical fiber 300 shown in fig. 3 is circular, but in other embodiments, the cross section of the cladding 302 in the optical fiber 300 may be in any regular or irregular pattern such as rectangular, square, triangular, etc.
In the above optical fiber, the optical fiber includes at least two cores and a cladding, and the cladding includes at least two trench structures, the cores are disposed in the trench structures, so that the cladding protects the cores therein, and the refractive index of the cores is greater than that of the trench structures, so that total reflection occurs on optical signals transmitted in the cores, loss of the optical signals transmitted in the cores is reduced, and crosstalk between the optical signals transmitted in one core and optical signals transmitted in other cores is prevented, and the at least two cores include a first core, the first core includes a dopant for adjusting scattering, that is, the first core is used for transmitting light scattering signals, and the other cores are used for transmitting modulated optical signals, so that a communication function and a sensing function can be implemented in the same light ray.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides another optical fiber 400, in which an optical fiber 400 includes a core 401 (a first core 401-1, a core 401-2, a core 401-3, and a core 401-4, respectively), a cladding 402, and a trench structure 403 (a trench structure 403-1, a trench structure 403-2, a trench structure 403-3, and a trench structure 403-4, respectively), and the refractive index of the core 401 is greater than that of the trench structure 403. The trench structure 403-1 and the trench structure 403-2 are located in the same row, the trench structure 403-3 and the trench structure 403-4 are located in the same row, the trench structure 403-1 and the trench structure 403-3 are located in the same column, and the trench structure 403-2 and the trench structure 403-4 are located in the same column. And the first core 401-1 is disposed in the trench structure 403-1, the core 401-2 is disposed in the trench structure 403-2, the core 401-3 is disposed in the trench structure 403-3, and the core 401-4 is disposed in the trench structure 403-4, such that the first core 401-1, the core 401-2, the core 401-3, and the core 401-4 are distributed in an array of 2 rows x 2 columns. And the first core 401-1 is provided with a dopant for adjusting a scattering rate to implement a sensing function, and the other cores are used for transmitting a modulated optical signal to implement a communication function.
It should be noted that the optical fiber 400 may further include more cores, and the cores may be arranged in m rows and n columns, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of cores, the value of n, and the value of m in the optical fiber 400. The first core may be any of cores 401-2, 401-3, or 401-4.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application provides still another optical fiber 500, in which the optical fiber 500 includes a core 501 (a first core 501-1, a second core 501-2, a second core 501-3, a second core 501-4, a second core 501-5, and a second core 501-6, respectively), a cladding 502, and a trench structure 503 (a trench structure 503-1, a trench structure 503-2, a trench structure 503-3, a trench structure 503-4, a trench structure 503-5, and a trench structure 503-6, respectively), and the refractive index of the core 501 is greater than that of the trench structure 503. Wherein, the trench structure 503-1 is located at the center of the cladding 502, and the trench structure 503-2, the trench structure 503-3, the trench structure 503-4, the trench structure 503-5 and the trench structure 503-6 surround the circumference with the trench structure 503-1 as the center. And the first core 501-1 is disposed in the trench structure 503-1, the second core 501-2 is disposed in the trench structure 503-2, the second core 501-3 is disposed in the trench structure 503-3, the second core 501-4 is disposed in the trench structure 503-4, the second core 501-5 is disposed in the trench structure 503-5, and the second core 501-6 is disposed in the trench structure 503-6.
In the optical fiber 500, a first fiber core 501-1 is provided with a dopant for adjusting a scattering rate to transmit a sensing optical signal and a light scattering signal to realize a sensing function, and a second fiber core 501-2, a second fiber core 501-3, a second fiber core 501-4, a second fiber core 501-5 and a second fiber core 501-6 are used to transmit a modulated optical signal to realize a communication function. And the distances between the first fiber core 501-1 and the second fiber core 501-2, the second fiber core 501-3, the second fiber core 501-4, the second fiber core 501-5 and the second fiber core 501-6 are equal, so that the sensing optical signal or the light scattering signal transmitted in the first fiber core 501 is effectively prevented from interfering with the modulation optical signal transmitted in other second fiber cores, and the distance between the outermost periphery of the cladding 502 and the second fiber cores 501-2, 501-3, 501-4, 501-5 and 501-6 is equal, so that the stress resistance of the optical fiber 500 is enhanced, the cladding 502 effectively protects the fiber cores, and meanwhile, the arrangement mode is also such that more second fiber cores for transmitting the modulation optical signal to realize the communication function are accommodated in the optical fiber 500.
In the optical fiber 500, the first core may be any one of the cores 501-2, 501-3, 501-4, 501-5 and 501-6, a dopant for adjusting a scattering rate is disposed in the first core to transmit a sensing optical signal and a light scattering signal to realize a sensing function, and the other cores transmit a modulated optical signal to realize a communication function.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present application provides a fiber optic communication system 60, the fiber optic communication system 60 including: laser source 601, modulation module 602, fan-in fan-out device 603, fan-in fan-out device 604, demodulation module 605, sensing demodulation module 606, and optical fiber 607. Specifically, the optical fiber 607 may be any of the optical fibers 300, 400, or 500 described above.
The laser source 601 is connected to the modulation module 602, and the modulation module 602 is connected to the fan-in fan-out device 603; the fan-in fan-out device 603 comprises at least two output terminals; an output of the fan-in fan-out device 603 is connected to an input of one of the cores in the optical fibers 607.
The fan-in fan-out device 604 comprises at least two inputs, one input of the fan-in fan-out device 604 being connected to an output of one of the cores, the fan-in fan-out device 604 being further connected to a demodulation block 605.
The laser light source 601 is used for generating a sensing optical signal λ 61 and a carrier optical signal λ 62, and transmitting the sensing optical signal λ 61 and the carrier optical signal λ 62 to the modulation module 602; a modulation module 602, configured to modulate a transmission signal on a carrier optical signal λ 62 to generate a modulated optical signal λ 62 t; a fan-in fan-out device 603 for transmitting a modulated optical signal λ 62t to one of the cores of the optical fiber 706 other than the first core.
A fan-in fan-out device 604 for receiving a modulated optical signal λ 62t transmitted by a core and transmitting the modulated optical signal λ 62t to the demodulation module 605; the demodulation module 605 is configured to demodulate a transmission signal in a modulated optical signal λ 62 t.
For example, the laser light source 601 generates more carrier optical signals, and the modulation module 602 may modulate one transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. When the number of the modulated optical signals becomes larger, the fan-in fan-out device 603 transmits each of the received plurality of modulated optical signals to the input end of one core of the optical fiber 607 except the first core, and the number of the modulated optical signals here needs to be, for example, less than or equal to the number of the cores of the optical fiber 607 except the first core. The fanin and fanout device 604 receives a modulated optical signal transmitted through the output end of each fiber core in the optical fiber 607, and transmits the modulated optical signal to the demodulation module 605, and the demodulation module 605 demodulates the modulated optical signal to generate a transmission signal, so as to implement a communication function.
For example, the laser light source 601 may generate more carrier optical signals, and the modulation module 602 may also modulate one transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. When the modulated optical signal becomes more, a multiplexer may be provided between the modulation module 602 and the fan-in fan-out device 603, and a demultiplexer may be provided between the fan-in fan-out device 604 and the demodulation module 605. Wherein the combiner combines the plurality of modulated optical signals generated by the modulation module 602 to generate a combined modulated optical signal, the combined wave modulated optical signal is then transmitted to the fan-in fan-out device 603, the fan-in fan-out device 603 transmits the received combined wave modulated optical signal to the input end of one of the cores of the optical fiber 607 other than the first core, the combined wave modulated optical signal is transmitted to the fan-in and fan-out device 604 through the core output terminal in the optical fiber 607, the fan-in and fan-out device 604 receives the combined wave modulated optical signal in the core in the optical fiber 607, and transmits the combined modulated optical signal to the demultiplexer so that the demultiplexer demultiplexes the combined modulated optical signal into a plurality of modulated optical signals, then, the plurality of modulated optical signals are respectively transmitted to the demodulation module 605, and the demodulation module 605 demodulates each modulated optical signal to generate a transmission signal, so as to implement a communication function.
Referring to fig. 6, the sensing demodulation module 606 is connected to the fan-in and fan-out device 603; the first core is further used for receiving the sensing optical signal λ 61 transmitted by the modulation module 602 through the fan-in fan-out device 603, generating a light scattering signal λ 61 'of the sensing optical signal λ 61, and transmitting the light scattering signal λ 61' to the fan-in fan-out device 603; and a sensing demodulation module 606 for receiving the light scattering signal λ 61 'transmitted by the fan-in and fan-out device 603 and measuring an environmental parameter of an environment in which the optical fiber 607 is located according to the light scattering signal λ 61'. Specifically, the transmission directions of the sensing optical signal λ 61 and the optical scattering signal λ 61 ' are opposite, and when the environmental parameter of the environment in which the optical fiber 607 is located changes, the changed environmental parameter may change any one of the phase, the frequency, and the light intensity of the optical scattering signal λ 61 ', so the sensing and demodulating module 606 may measure the environmental parameter of the environment in which the optical fiber 607 is located according to the optical scattering signal λ 61 ', and the environmental parameter may be a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, or a vibration parameter.
Illustratively, when a sensor based on rayleigh scattering is disposed in the sensing demodulation module 606, the sensor based on rayleigh scattering includes an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR), since rayleigh scattering changes the light intensity in the light scattering signal λ 61 ', the sensing demodulation module 606 reacts sensitively to the light intensity of the light scattering signal λ 61 ', so that the sensing demodulation module 606 can measure the environmental parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 607 is located according to the light intensity in the light scattering signal λ 61 '.
Illustratively, when a distributed Raman Distributed Temperature Sensor (RDTS) is disposed in the sensing and demodulating module 606, since it is the frequency of the optical scattering signal λ 61 'that changes based on raman scattering and the sensor based on raman scattering is very sensitive to the temperature parameter in the environmental parameter, the sensing and demodulating module 606 can measure the temperature parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 607 is located according to the frequency in the optical scattering signal λ 61'.
Illustratively, when the sensing and demodulating module 606 is provided with a Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) sensor, the brillouin optical time domain reflectometer sensor is included in the brillouin optical scattering based sensor, and since the brillouin optical scattering based sensor is very sensitive to a temperature parameter and/or a strain parameter of an environment parameter, the sensing and demodulating module 606 can measure the temperature parameter and/or the strain parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 607 is located according to the optical scattering signal λ 61'.
As described with reference to fig. 7, embodiments of the present application provide another fiber optic communication system 70, the fiber optic communication system 70 comprising: laser source 701, modulation module 702, fan-in fan-out device 703, fan-in fan-out device 704, demodulation module 705, laser source 706, sensing demodulation module 707, and optical fiber 708.
The laser source 701 is connected to a modulation module 702, and the modulation module 702 is connected to a fan-in fan-out device 703; the fan-in fan-out device 703 comprises at least two output terminals; an output of the fan-in fan-out device 703 is connected to an input of one of the cores in the optical fiber 708. The fan-in fan-out device 704 comprises at least two inputs, one input of the fan-in fan-out device 704 is connected to one core output, the fan-in fan-out device 704 is further connected to the demodulation module 705; a laser light source 701, configured to generate a carrier optical signal λ 72, and transmit the carrier optical signal λ 72 to the modulation module 702; the modulation module 702 is configured to modulate a transmission signal on a carrier optical signal 702 to generate a modulated optical signal λ 72 t; a fan-in fan-out device 703 for outputting a modulated optical signal λ 72t to one of the cores of the optical fiber 708 other than the first core; the fanin and fanout device 704 is configured to receive a modulated optical signal λ 72t transmitted by a core, and transmit the modulated optical signal λ 72t to the demodulation module 705, where the demodulation module 705 is configured to demodulate a transmission signal in the modulated optical signal λ 72 t.
For example, the laser light source 701 generates more carrier optical signals, and the modulation module 702 may modulate one transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. As the number of modulated optical signals increases, the fan-in fan-out device 703 transmits each of the received plurality of modulated optical signals to an input end of one of the cores of the optical fiber 708 other than the first core, for example, the number of modulated optical signals needs to be less than or equal to the number of cores of the optical fiber 708. The fan-in fan-out device 704 receives a modulated optical signal transmitted through the output end of each fiber core in the optical fiber 708, and transmits the modulated optical signal to the demodulation module 705, and the demodulation module 705 demodulates the modulated optical signal to generate a transmission signal, so as to implement a communication function.
For example, the laser light source 701 may generate more carrier optical signals, and the modulation module 702 may also modulate one transmission signal in each of the more carrier optical signals to generate a modulated optical signal. When the modulated optical signal becomes large, a multiplexer may be provided between the modulation module 702 and the fan-in fan-out device 703, and a demultiplexer may be provided between the fan-in fan-out device 704 and the demodulation module 705. Wherein the combiner combines the plurality of modulated optical signals generated by the modulation module 702 to generate a combined modulated optical signal, the combined wave modulated optical signal is then transmitted to a fan-in fan-out device 703, the fan-in fan-out device 703 transmits the received combined wave modulated optical signal to the input of one of the cores of the optical fiber 708 other than the first core, the combined wave modulated optical signal is transmitted through the core output in fiber 708 to fan-in fan-out device 704, fan-in fan-out device 704 receives the combined wave modulated optical signal in the core in fiber 708, and transmits the combined modulated optical signal to the demultiplexer so that the demultiplexer demultiplexes the combined modulated optical signal into a plurality of modulated optical signals, then, the plurality of modulated optical signals are respectively transmitted to the demodulation module 705, and the demodulation module 705 demodulates each modulated optical signal to generate a transmission signal, so as to implement a communication function.
The laser light source 706 is connected with the fan-in fan-out device 703 through a sensing demodulation module 707;
the laser light source 706 is used for generating a sensing optical signal lambda 71 and transmitting the sensing optical signal lambda 71 to the sensing demodulation module 707; a sensing demodulation module 707, configured to transmit the sensing optical signal λ 71 to the first fiber core through the fan-in fan-out device 703; the first core is also used for generating a light scattering signal lambda 71 'of the sensing light signal lambda 71 and transmitting the light scattering signal lambda 71' to the fan-in fan-out device 703; and a sensing demodulation module 707 for receiving the light scattering signal λ 71 'transmitted through the fan-in fan-out device 703 and measuring an environmental parameter of an environment where the optical fiber 708 is located according to the light scattering signal λ 71'.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 8, in the optical fiber communication system 70, the laser source 706 is connected to the fan-in and fan-out device 704 through the sensing and demodulating module 707;
the laser light source 706 is used for generating a sensing optical signal lambda 71 and transmitting the sensing optical signal lambda 71 to the sensing demodulation module 707; a sensing demodulation module 707, configured to transmit the sensing optical signal λ 71 to the first core through the fan-in and fan-out device 704; the first core is also used for generating a light scattering signal lambda 71 'of the sensing light signal lambda 71 and transmitting the light scattering signal lambda 71' to the fan-in fan-out device 704; and a sensing demodulation module 707 for receiving the light scattering signal λ 71 'transmitted through the fan-in fan-out device 704 and measuring an environmental parameter of an environment where the optical fiber 708 is located according to the light scattering signal λ 71'.
Specifically, the transmission direction of the sensing optical signal λ 71 is opposite to that of the optical scattering signal λ 71 ', and when an environmental parameter of an environment in which the optical fiber 708 is located changes, the changed environmental parameter may change any one of a phase, a frequency, and an optical intensity of the optical scattering signal λ 71 ', so that the sensing and demodulating module 707 may measure an environmental parameter of the environment in which the optical fiber 708 is located according to the optical scattering signal λ 71 ', where the environmental parameter may be a temperature parameter, a strain parameter, or a vibration parameter.
Illustratively, when a sensor based on rayleigh scattering is disposed in the sensing demodulation module 707, the sensor based on rayleigh scattering includes an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR), since rayleigh scattering changes the light intensity in the light scattering signal λ 71 ', the sensing demodulation module 707 has a sensitive response to the light intensity of the light scattering signal λ 71 ', so that the sensing demodulation module 707 can measure the environmental parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 708 is located according to the light intensity in the light scattering signal λ 71 '.
Illustratively, when a distributed Raman Distributed Temperature Sensor (RDTS) is disposed in the sensing demodulation module 707, since it is the frequency of the optical scattering signal λ 71 'that changes based on raman scattering and the sensor based on raman scattering is very sensitive to a temperature parameter in the environment parameter, the sensing demodulation module 707 can measure the temperature parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 708 is located according to the frequency in the optical scattering signal λ 71'.
Illustratively, when a Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) is provided in the sensing demodulation module 707, the sensing demodulation module 707 may measure the temperature parameter and/or the strain parameter of the environment where the optical fiber 708 is located according to the optical scattering signal λ 71', since the sensing demodulation module 707 is very sensitive to the temperature parameter and/or the strain parameter in the environment parameter.
More specifically, in the field of high-voltage power transmission, it is common to provide an optical fiber having a cladding diameter of 140 micrometers (μm), a first core diameter of 60 micrometers (μm), and a first core located at the center of the cladding, on a circumference centered on the first core around the first core, and at least one second core diameter of 8 μm, and having a length of 10 kilometers (km), laid in a power grid transmission environment in a suburban area, and provided within the claddingA modulation module in an optical fiber communication system using the optical fiber can modulate a transmission signal of 10000 megabits per second (namely 10Gbps), a demodulation module can demodulate the transmission signal of 10000 megabits per second (namely 10Gbps), a sensor based on Brillouin scattering is arranged in a sensing demodulation module, the sensor based on Brillouin scattering comprises a Brillouin time domain reflectometer BOTDR, the temperature sensing resolution of the sensor is 1 degree centigrade (DEG C), and the strain resolution is 0.5 multiplied by 10-4Mu ε.
Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be evident that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the specification and figures are merely exemplary of the present application as defined in the appended claims and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (11)
1. An optical fiber, comprising: at least two cores and a cladding;
the cladding comprises at least two groove structures, wherein the fiber core is arranged in the groove structures, the refractive index of the fiber core is larger than that of the cladding, and the at least two fiber cores comprise a first fiber core which comprises a dopant for adjusting the scattering rate.
2. The optical fiber of claim 1,
the first fiber core is positioned in a groove structure in the center of the cladding, the at least two fiber cores further comprise at least one second fiber core, and the at least one second fiber core is arranged in at least one groove structure around the first fiber core.
3. The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the dopants comprise one or more of: germanium, fluorine, gallium, indium.
4. The optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the first core includes: single mode cores, multimode cores, and few mode cores.
5. The optical fiber of claim 2,
at least one of the second cores comprising: single mode core, few mode core.
6. A fiber optic communication system, characterized by:
the method comprises the following steps: a first laser light source, a modulation module, a first fan-in fan-out device, a second fan-in fan-out device, a demodulation module, a sensing demodulation module, and the optical fiber of any of claims 1-5;
the first laser light source is connected to the modulation module, and the modulation module is connected to the first fan-in fan-out device; the first fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two output ends; one output end of the first fan-in fan-out device is connected with the input end of one fiber core in the optical fibers;
the second fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two input ends, one input end of the second fan-in fan-out device is connected with one output end of the fiber core, and the second fan-in fan-out device is also connected to the demodulation module;
the first laser light source is used for generating a sensing optical signal and at least one carrier optical signal and transmitting the sensing optical signal and the at least one carrier optical signal to the modulation module;
the modulation module is configured to modulate one transmission signal on at least one of the carrier optical signals to generate at least one modulated optical signal;
the first fan-in fan-out equipment is used for respectively transmitting at least one modulated optical signal to one fiber core except the first fiber core;
the second fan-in fan-out device is used for receiving at least one modulated optical signal transmitted by at least one fiber core and transmitting at least one modulated optical signal to the demodulation module;
the demodulation module is configured to demodulate at least one of the transmission signals in at least one of the modulated optical signals, respectively;
the sensing demodulation module is connected with the first fan-in fan-out equipment;
the first fiber core is further configured to receive the sensing optical signal transmitted by the modulation module through the first fan-in fan-out device, generate an optical scattering signal of the sensing optical signal, and transmit the optical scattering signal to the first fan-in fan-out device;
the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signal transmitted by the first fan-in fan-out device and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signal.
7. Optical fiber communication system according to claim 6, wherein the sensing demodulation module is specifically configured to determine one or more of the following parameters of the light scattering signal: phase, frequency and light intensity, measuring environmental parameters of an environment in which the optical fiber is located.
8. A fiber optic communication system according to claim 6, wherein the environmental parameters include at least one or more of: temperature parameters, strain parameters, vibration parameters.
9. A fiber optic communication system, characterized by:
the method comprises the following steps: a first laser light source, a modulation module, a first fan-in fan-out device, a second fan-in fan-out device, a demodulation module, a second laser light source, a sensing demodulation module, and the optical fiber of any of claims 1-5;
the first laser light source is connected to the modulation module, and the modulation module is connected to the first fan-in fan-out device; the first fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two output ends; one output end of the first fan-in fan-out device is connected with the input end of one fiber core in the optical fibers;
the second fan-in fan-out device comprises at least two input ends, one input end of the second fan-in fan-out device is connected with one output end of the fiber core, and the second fan-in fan-out device is also connected to the demodulation module;
the first laser light source is used for generating at least one carrier optical signal and transmitting the at least one carrier optical signal to the modulation module;
the modulation module is used for respectively modulating one path of transmission signal on at least one carrier optical signal to generate at least one modulated optical signal;
the first fan-in fan-out equipment is used for respectively outputting at least one modulated optical signal to one fiber core except the first fiber core;
the second fan-in and fan-out device is configured to receive at least one modulated optical signal transmitted by at least one fiber core, and transmit the at least one modulated optical signal to the demodulation module, where the demodulation module is configured to demodulate at least one path of the transmission signal in the at least one modulated optical signal respectively;
the second laser light source is connected with the first fan-in fan-out equipment through the sensing demodulation module;
the second laser light source is used for generating a sensing light signal and transmitting the sensing light signal to the sensing demodulation module; the sensing demodulation module is used for transmitting the sensing optical signal to the first fiber core through the first fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fiber core is further used for generating a light scattering signal of the sensing optical signal and transmitting the light scattering signal to the first fan-in and fan-out device; the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signal transmitted by the first fan-in fan-out equipment and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signal;
or,
the second laser light source is connected with the second fan-in fan-out equipment through the sensing demodulation module;
the second laser light source is used for generating a sensing light signal and transmitting the sensing light signal to the sensing demodulation module; the sensing demodulation module is used for transmitting the sensing optical signal to the first fiber core through the second fan-in fan-out equipment; the first fiber core is further used for generating a light scattering signal of the sensing optical signal and transmitting the light scattering signal to the second fan-in and fan-out device; the sensing demodulation module is used for receiving the light scattering signals transmitted by the second fan-in fan-out equipment and measuring the environmental parameters of the environment where the optical fibers are located according to the light scattering signals.
10. Optical fiber communication system according to claim 9, wherein the sensing demodulation module is specifically configured to determine one or more of the following parameters of the light scattering signal: phase, frequency and light intensity, measuring environmental parameters of an environment in which the optical fiber is located.
11. A fiber optic communication system according to claim 9, wherein the environmental parameters include at least one or more of: temperature parameters, strain parameters, vibration parameters.
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