CN103999610A - Roller-type aperture disk seedling-growing seeding device and seedling-growing seeding mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling metering devices for seedling cultivation, in particular to a drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling metering device for seedling raising and a seedling metering mechanism for seedling raising. The drum-type hole-type hole-type seedling seeding device includes a frame on which a drum is rotated, a grain box and a seed protection plate arranged around the drum are fixed on the frame, and a grain stop structure is provided at the end of the drum. There is a grain avoidance gap between the seed guard plate and the drum, and the grain avoidance gap communicates with the grain box, the drum is provided with a grain-shaped hole for embedding the grain, and the seed guard plate is provided with a seed drop opening below the drum. The invention solves the problems of missed sowing and high reseeding rate existing in the existing air-suction seed metering device.

Description

Drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling seeding device and seedling seeding mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling metering devices for seedling cultivation, in particular to a drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling metering device for seedling raising and a seedling metering mechanism for seedling raising.

Background technique

With the development of agricultural technology, plug seedling technology has been widely used as a new type of seedling technology in many places, which greatly improves the survival rate of crop seedlings. Adopt the foamed plastic floating seedling tray that seedling-raising matrix is housed mostly at present, thereby cultivate the seedling that can be used for transplanting and have the separated root lump by sowing in fixed holes. At present, except that most of them still use manual seeding, air suction seed metering devices can also be used for seeding.

When the air suction seed meter works, it mainly relies on the negative pressure generated by the high-speed fan to transmit to the vacuum chamber of the seed metering unit. When the seed disc rotates, it absorbs seeds under the action of vacuum negative pressure and rotates together with the seed disc. After the seeds are turned out of the vacuum chamber, there is no effect of negative pressure, and the seeds fall into the seedling tray by the weight of the seeds or the action of the seed scraper. Therefore, the seeding effect of the air suction seed metering device is mainly affected by the degree of vacuum, the shape of the hole, the size of the seeds and the structure of the scraper. The greater the degree of vacuum, the stronger the ability to adsorb seeds, but it will increase the possibility of a single suction hole adsorbing multiple seeds while it is less likely to generate holes, resulting in an increase in the replay rate. This air-suction seed metering device is certainly effective for dry seeds. However, once the seeds are damp, the seeds will be coated with a layer of coating when they are sown, which will cause the seed suction holes to be blocked, and the phenomenon of missed sowing is prone to occur. It will affect the quality of sowing seedlings.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling-raising seed metering device to solve the problems of missed seeding and high re-seeding rate existing in the existing air-suction seed metering device. The present invention also provides a seedling raising and metering mechanism using the above-mentioned roller-type hole-type hole tray seedling raising and metering device.

In order to achieve the above object, the drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling-raising and seed-metering device of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the roller-type hole-type plug-type seedling-raising and seed-metering device includes a frame, and a roller is mounted on the frame for rotation, and the frame is fixed. There is a grain box and a seed protection plate arranged around the drum, a grain stop structure is provided at the end of the drum, there is a grain avoidance gap between the seed protection plate and the drum, and the grain avoidance gap communicates with the grain box. The seed hole is embedded in the seed, and the seed protection plate is provided with a seed drop port under the drum.

The grain blocking structure is an auxiliary plate, and the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected with the drum.

The seed box is provided with a scraping brush for making the grain enter the grain avoidance gap in a single layer.

The drum is provided with guide grooves distributed along the axial direction of the drum at intervals for guiding the grains, and the grain-shaped holes are located on the bottom of the guide grooves.

The seedling raising and sorting mechanism of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the seedling raising and sorting mechanism includes a seedling raising tray and a seedling raising and metering device for throwing seeds into the seedling raising tray, and the seedling raising and metering device includes a frame, and the frame is rotatably equipped with The drum, the frame is fixed with a grain box and a seed protection plate arranged around the drum, the end of the drum is provided with a grain stop structure, there is a grain avoidance gap between the seed protection plate and the drum, and the grain avoidance gap communicates with the grain box , the drum is provided with a grain-shaped hole for embedding the grain, the seed protection plate is provided with a seed drop opening below the drum, and the seedling tray is provided with a seed groove corresponding to the grain-shaped hole on the drum of the seedling metering device. A conveying mechanism is provided below the seed drop opening of the seed protection plate, and the seedling raising tray is arranged on the conveying mechanism.

The grain blocking structure is an auxiliary plate, and the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected with the drum.

The seed box is provided with a scraping brush for making the grain enter the grain avoidance gap in a single layer.

The drum is provided with guide grooves distributed along the axial direction of the drum at intervals for guiding the grains, and the grain-shaped holes are located on the bottom of the guide grooves.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: when the seedling device of the present invention is in use, the grains can enter the grain avoidance gap from the grain box, and can be embedded in the grain-shaped holes. When the corresponding grain-shaped holes rotate to the When the seed drop is at the seed opening, the corresponding grains fall off from the grain hole under the action of gravity and enter the seedling tray through the seed drop port, so that seed dropping can be realized. Through the role of the roller, the protective plate and the gap between the grains, the grains can be prevented from sliding under the premise of ensuring that the seed coating is not damaged; since the grains enter the grain-shaped holes under the action of gravity, compared with the existing air-suction discharge Seed device, the grain-shaped hole has no adsorption capacity, and multiple grains will not be embedded in each grain-shaped hole, so it will not cause the blockage of the grain-shaped hole, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of missed seeding and reseeding, thus solving the existing problem The air suction seed metering device has the problems of missing seeding and high reseeding rate.

Further, by arranging the scraping brush in the grain box, it can be ensured to a certain extent that the grain enters the grain avoidance gap in a single layer, thereby reducing the reseeding rate. Compared with the seed scraping board, the material of the scraping brush has certain flexibility, which can greatly reduce the damage to the seeds, thus ensuring the quality of seed discharge.

Furthermore, the guide groove has a guiding effect on the grains, so that the grains in the clearance gap can be smoothly entered into the grain-shaped holes, and the sowing accuracy can be improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the embodiment 1 of the drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of embodiment 1 of the drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the left side view of the embodiment 1 of the drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of scraping seed brush among Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of seed protection plate among Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the seedling raising tray in an embodiment of the seedling raising and sorting mechanism of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1 of the drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling-raising and seed-metering device of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1-5: the drum-type hole-type hole-type plug seedling-raising and seed-metering device includes a frame, and a drum 18 is rotatably mounted on the frame, The frame is fixed with a seed box 11 and a seed protection plate 12 arranged around the drum 18. The end of the drum 18 is provided with a grain stop structure, and there is a gap between the seed protection plate 12 and the drum 18. The gap between the seed protection gap and the drum 18 is The grain box 11 is communicated, the cylinder 18 is provided with a grain-shaped hole 19 for embedding grains, and the seed protection plate 12 is provided with a seed drop port 121 below the cylinder 18 .

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the drum 18 perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the grain avoidance gap is 2-3mm, the grain blocking structure is a web 15, and the web 15 is fixedly connected with the drum 18. 15 is connected with cylinder 18 by connecting bolt 17. In other embodiments, the grain stopper structure can also be integrally provided on the stopper edge at the end of the drum.

In this embodiment, the drum 18 is provided with guide grooves 20 distributed along the axial direction of the drum at intervals for guiding the grains, and the grain-shaped holes 19 are located on the bottom of the guide grooves 20 . The aperture of grain-shaped hole 19 is slightly larger than the longest side of grain. In other examples, the guide groove can also be omitted, and the grain-shaped holes are arranged on the outer wall of the drum.

In the present embodiment, the grain box 11 is arranged on the top of the cylinder 18, and the grain box 11 is provided with a scraping brush 21, by which the grain can enter the guide groove 20 in the grain avoidance gap in a single layer, Thereby, only one grain can be embedded in each grain-shaped hole, thereby reducing the reseeding rate. The seed scraping brush is fixed together with the grain box through bolts, and the seed scraping brush is relatively stationary relative to the seed box during the seeding process. The material of the seed scraping brush has a certain degree of flexibility, which can greatly reduce the damage to the seeds, thereby ensuring the quality of seeding. In other examples, the grain box can also be arranged in the middle of the cylinder in the up-down direction; the seed scraping brush can also be omitted; or the seed scraping brush can also be replaced by a seed scraping board.

In this embodiment, the frame is rotatably equipped with a rotating shaft 6 , and the drum 18 is assembled on the frame through the rotating shaft 6 . Both ends of the rotating shaft 6 are respectively provided with a bearing seat 1, and each bearing seat 1 is provided with an anchor bolt hole 2, and the bearing seat is fixed on the frame through a gasket and an anchor bolt inserted in the anchor bolt hole. superior. The seed protection plate 12 is fixedly connected together with the bearing seat 15 by connecting screws 14, and a sealing ring 13 is provided between the seed protection plate 12 and the bearing seat 1. The spoke plate 15 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 6 , and the rotating shaft 6 can drive the drum 18 to rotate around the rotating shaft 6 through the web 15 .

Each bearing seat 1 is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is collinear with the central axis of the rotating shaft 6 . A deep groove ball bearing 9 sleeved on the rotating shaft is arranged in the mounting hole, and the deep groove ball bearing 9 is connected to the rotating shaft 6 through an A-type key 10 for transmission connection. The outer ends of the two bearing housings 1 are fixed with bearing covers, one of which is a shaft end cover 16 used to cover the end of the corresponding deep groove ball bearing, and the other bearing cover is a transparent cover 7. The transparent cover 7 is evenly distributed with 4 threaded holes, and the transparent cover 7 is fixedly connected with the corresponding bearing seat 1 by fastening screws 8 . In this embodiment, define the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 as the left-right direction, the shaft end cover 16 is located at the right end of the rotating shaft, and the transparent cover 7 is located at the left end of the rotating shaft, wherein the left side of the transparent cover 7 is provided with a cover cup 4 and The sprocket 3, the right side of the sleeve cup 4 is in clearance fit with the transparent cover 7, the left side of the sleeve cup is positioned by the shoulder of the rotating shaft 6 and is in clearance fit with the right section of the sprocket 3, and at the same time, the sprocket 3 and the rotating shaft 6 pass through the C Type key 5 transmission connection. The rotating shaft 6 obtains power through the sprocket 3 to drive the whole system to work.

During work, seed protection plate 12 and grain box 11 are fixed. The input power drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate through the sprocket 3 , so that the rotating shaft 6 drives the drum 18 to rotate through the spoke plate 15 . The grains filled in the grain box 11 fall to the outer wall of the drum 18 under the action of their own gravity, and enter the grain avoidance gap between the drum 18 and the seed guard plate 12. Under the guidance of the guide groove 20, they can enter smoothly. In the grain-shaped hole 19, when the grain embedded in the grain-shaped hole 19 rotates with the drum 18 to the seed-dropping port on the seed protection plate 12, the corresponding grain breaks away from the grain-shaped hole and falls into the floating seedling under the action of gravity. plate.

The embodiment of seedling raising and sorting mechanism of the present invention, this seedling raising and sorting mechanism comprises seedling raising tray and is used for seedling raising and metering device for throwing seed to seedling raising tray, and the structure of this seedling raising and metering device is the same as above-mentioned roller type hole type hole of the present invention The mechanism of the seed metering device for dish seedling cultivation is the same, and will not be repeated here. As shown in Figure 6, the seedling tray is provided with a seed groove 22 corresponding to the grain hole on the seed metering device cylinder, a conveying mechanism is provided below the seed opening of the seed protection plate, and the seedling tray is located on the conveying mechanism. In the present embodiment, the conveying mechanism is a transmission belt. During use, the rotation of the cylinder and the forward and backward movement of the transmission belt are carried out synchronously, so that the cylinder can be rotated once, so that all the seed grooves on the seedling tray are just filled. In other embodiments, the conveying mechanism can also be a transmission chain.

Because the circumference of the outer cylindrical surface of the drum is equal to the length of the seedling tray, the axial length of the drum is equal to the width of the seedling tray, and the center of each grain hole on the surface of the drum is in the same relative position as the center of the corresponding seed groove on the seedling tray. The transmission ratio of the sprocket that the drum rotates to the drive belt sprocket that drives the transmission belt is 1:1. Therefore, it can effectively ensure the synchronization of the rotation of the drum and the forward and backward movement of the seedling tray, so that the drum can rotate once to make the seedling tray full of seeds. a plate.

Claims (8)

1. The drum-type hole-type hole tray seedling seeding device is characterized in that it includes a frame on which a drum is rotated, a seed box and a seed protection plate arranged around the drum are fixed on the frame, and the end of the drum is equipped with a There is a grain blocking structure, there is a grain avoidance gap between the seed guard plate and the drum, and the grain avoidance gap is connected with the grain box, the drum is provided with a grain-shaped hole for embedding the grain, and the seed guard plate is provided with a Fall seed mouth. 2. The drum-type hole-type plug seedling seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grain blocking structure is an auxiliary plate, and the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected with the roller. 3. The drum-type hole-type plug seedling seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed box is provided with a scraping brush for making the grain enter the grain avoidance gap in a single layer. 4. The drum-type hole-type plug seedling seed metering device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the drum is provided with holes for guiding the grains distributed along the axial direction of the drum at intervals. The guide groove, the grain-shaped hole is located on the groove bottom of the guide groove. 5. Seedling raising and sorting mechanism, it is characterized in that: comprise seedling tray and the seedling metering device for throwing seed to seedling tray, described seedling seeding metering device comprises frame, and rotation is equipped with roller on the frame, fixed on the frame There is a grain box and a seed protection plate arranged around the drum, a grain stop structure is provided at the end of the drum, there is a grain avoidance gap between the seed protection plate and the drum, and the grain avoidance gap communicates with the grain box. The seed-shaped hole embedded in the seed, the seed protection plate is provided with a seed drop hole under the drum, and the seedling tray is provided with a seed groove corresponding to the seed-shaped hole on the drum of the seedling metering device, and the seed protection plate A conveying mechanism is arranged below the seed drop opening, and the seedling raising tray is arranged on the conveying mechanism. 6 . The seedling raising and sorting mechanism according to claim 5 , characterized in that: the grain blocking structure is an auxiliary plate, and the auxiliary plate is fixedly connected with the roller. 7 . 7. The mechanism for raising seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: the seed box is provided with a scraping brush for making the grains enter the grain avoidance gap in a single layer. 8. The seedling raising and seeding mechanism according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that: the drum is provided with guide grooves distributed along the axial direction of the drum at intervals for guiding the grains, and the grains The type hole is located on the groove bottom of the guide groove.