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CN103999355A - solar concentrator - Google Patents

solar concentrator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103999355A
CN103999355A CN201280061234.6A CN201280061234A CN103999355A CN 103999355 A CN103999355 A CN 103999355A CN 201280061234 A CN201280061234 A CN 201280061234A CN 103999355 A CN103999355 A CN 103999355A
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China
Prior art keywords
face
light
solar concentrator
light exit
described light
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CN201280061234.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
W·温特泽尔
拉尔斯·阿诺德
哈根·戈德曼
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Docter Optics SE
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Docter Optics SE
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Publication of CN103999355A publication Critical patent/CN103999355A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
    • C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
    • C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0038—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light
    • G02B19/0042—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light for use with direct solar radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/484—Refractive light-concentrating means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/60—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or compensating for temperature fluctuations
    • H10F77/63—Arrangements for cooling directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. heat sinks directly associated with the photovoltaic cells or integrated Peltier elements for active cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有由透明材料制成的实心主体的太阳能集中器(1)，所述实心主体包括光入射面(2)和毛坯模制的光出射面(3)，其中，所述实心主体在所述光入射面(2)和所述光出射面(3)之间包括承载框架(61)以及特别是向着所述光出射面(3)的方向变细的光导部分(4)，所述光导部分有利地在所述光入射面(2)和所述光出射面(3)之间通过光导部分表面(5)限制，其中，所述承载框架(61)包括具有外部分面(66)和至少一个内部分面(65)的、面对所述光出射面(3)的面(63)，并且其中，所述外部分面特别是借助于台阶(64)相对于所述内部分面(65)在所述光出射面(3)的方向上错位和/或在所述光出射面(3)的方向上超过所述内部分面(66)伸出。

The invention relates to a solar concentrator (1) with a solid body made of transparent material, said solid body comprising a light entry face (2) and a blank-moulded light exit face (3), wherein said The solid body comprises a carrying frame (61) between the light entrance surface (2) and the light exit surface (3) and a light guide portion (4) that in particular tapers toward the light exit surface (3) , the light guide portion is advantageously bounded between the light entrance face (2) and the light exit face (3) by a light guide portion surface (5), wherein the carrier frame (61) comprises ( 66 ) and at least one surface ( 63 ) of the inner facet ( 65 ) facing the light exit face ( 3 ), and wherein the outer facet is relative to the The inner partial surface (65) is offset in the direction of the light exit surface (3) and/or protrudes beyond the inner partial surface (66) in the direction of the light exit surface (3).

Description

太阳能集中器solar concentrator

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种由透明材料制成的太阳能集中器，其中，该太阳能集中器包括光入射面、光出射面和布置在光入射面和光出射面之间的、特别是向着光出射面的方向变细的光导部分，该光导部分在光入射面和光出射面之间通过光导部分表面限制。The invention relates to a solar concentrator made of transparent material, wherein the solar concentrator comprises a light entry surface, a light exit surface and a direction arranged between the light entry surface and the light exit surface, in particular towards the light exit surface A tapered light guide part, which is delimited by the light guide part surface between the light entry surface and the light exit face.

背景技术Background technique

文献PCT/EP2010/005755公开了一种带有由透明材料制成的实心主体的太阳能集中器，该实心主体包括光入射面和光出射面，其中，实心主体在光入射面和光出射面之间包括向着光出射面的方向变细的光导部分，该光导部分在光入射面和光出射面之间通过光导部分表面限制，并且其中，该光导部分表面以连续的一阶导数过渡到光出射面中。Document PCT/EP2010/005755 discloses a solar concentrator with a solid body made of transparent material comprising a light entrance face and a light exit face, wherein the solid body comprises between the light entrance face and the light exit face A light guide part that tapers in the direction of the light exit surface, which is delimited by a light guide part surface between the light entry surface and the light exit surface, and wherein the light guide part surface transitions into the light exit surface with a continuous first derivative.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目标是，降低用于制造太阳能集中器或二级太阳能集中器的成本。为此，特别是在制造时优质件份额的增大是值得期望的。It is an object of the invention to reduce the costs for manufacturing solar concentrators or secondary solar concentrators. For this purpose, in particular an increase in the proportion of high-quality parts during production is desirable.

上述目标通过带有由透明材料制成的实心主体的太阳能集中器实现，该实心主体包括光入射面和毛坯模制(blankgepresst)的光出射面，其中，实心主体在光入射面和光出射面之间包括承载框架以及特别是向着光出射面的方向变细的光导部分，该光导部分有利地在光入射面和光出射面之间通过光导部分表面限制，并且其中，承载框架包括面对光出射面的具有台阶的面，从而承载框架的面对光出射面的面的外部分在光出射面的方向上相对于承载框架的面对光出射面的面的内部分错位和/或在光出射面的方向上超过面对光出射面的承载框架面的内部分伸出。The above objects are achieved by a solar concentrator with a solid body made of transparent material, comprising a light entry face and a blank molded light exit face, wherein the solid body is between the light entry face and the light exit face The space comprises a carrying frame and in particular a light guide portion tapering towards the light exit surface, the light guide portion is advantageously bounded between the light entrance surface and the light exit surface by the surface of the light guide portion, and wherein the carrying frame comprises a light guide portion facing the light exit surface There is a surface with steps, so that the outer part of the face of the carrying frame facing the light exit face is misaligned in the direction of the light exit face relative to the inner part of the face of the carrying frame facing the light exit face and/or in the direction of the light exit face The inner part protrudes beyond the surface of the carrying frame facing the light exit surface in the direction of.

此外，上述目标通过带有由透明材料制成的实心主体的太阳能集中器实现，该实心主体包括光入射面和毛坯模制的光出射面，其中，实心主体在光入射面和光出射面之间包括承载框架以及特别是向着光出射面的方向变细的光导部分，该光导部分有利地在光入射面和光出射面之间通过光导部分表面限制，其中，承载框架包括面对光出射面的具有外部分面和至少一个内部分面的面，并且其中，所述外部分面特别是借助于台阶相对于内部分面在光出射面的方向上错位和/或在光出射面的方向上超过内部分面伸出。Furthermore, the above object is achieved by a solar concentrator with a solid body made of a transparent material comprising a light entry face and a blank-molded light exit face, wherein the solid body is between the light entry face and the light exit face Comprising a carrier frame and a light guide section that tapers in particular towards the light exit surface, the light guide section is advantageously bounded between the light entry surface and the light exit surface by the surface of the light guide section, wherein the carrier frame includes a light guide section facing the light exit surface with an outer facet and at least one inner facet, and wherein the outer facet is offset relative to the inner facet in the direction of the light exit face and/or exceeds the inner face in the direction of the light exit face, in particular by means of a step Part of the face sticks out.

在本发明的思想中，透明材料特别是玻璃。在本发明的思想中，透明材料特别是硅酸盐玻璃。在本发明的思想中，透明材料特别是例如在文献PCT/EP2008/010136中描述的玻璃。在本发明的思想中，玻璃特别是包括：In the spirit of the invention, the transparent material is especially glass. In the spirit of the invention, the transparent material is especially silicate glass. In the spirit of the invention, transparent materials are in particular glasses such as are described in document PCT/EP2008/010136. In the idea of the invention, glass includes in particular:

0.2至2重量％的Al2O3，0.2 to 2% by weight Al 2 O 3 ,

0.1至1重量％的LiO2，0.1 to 1% by weight LiO 2 ,

0.3、特别是0.4至1.5重量％的Sb2O3，0.3, especially 0.4 to 1.5% by weight of Sb 2 O 3 ,

特别是2至4重量％的BaO，In particular 2 to 4% by weight of BaO,

60至75重量％的SiO2，60 to 75% by weight SiO 2 ,

3至12重量％的Na2O，3 to 12% by weight Na2O ,

3至12重量％的K2O，以及3 to 12% by weight K2O , and

3至12重量％的CaO。3 to 12% by weight of CaO.

在本发明的思想中的光导部分表面特别是相对于太阳能集中器的光轴倾斜至少3°。太阳能集中器的光轴特别是光出射面的法线。光导部分表面可被涂覆。The surface of the light guide part in the idea of the invention is in particular inclined by at least 3° with respect to the optical axis of the solar concentrator. The optical axis of the solar concentrator is in particular the normal to the light exit surface. The surface of the light guide portion may be coated.

在本发明的思想中，毛坯模制特别是应理解为将光学作用的表面压制成，使得可省去、确切地说省去或不设置随后对该光学作用的表面的轮廓的再加工。由此特别是规定，在毛坯模制之后不再研磨光出射面。Within the concept of the present invention, blank molding is to be understood as meaning, in particular, the pressing of an optically active surface in such a way that subsequent reworking of the contour of the optically active surface can be omitted, precisely omitted or not provided. In particular, it is thereby provided that the light exit surface is not further ground after the molding of the blank.

在本发明的思想中，承载框架特别是也可为凸缘。在本发明的思想中的承载框架特别地可完全地或部分地设计成环绕的。In the concept of the invention, the carrier frame can in particular also be a flange. In particular, the carrier frame within the concept of the invention can be completely or partially designed to be circumferential.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，台阶特别地基本上平行于太阳能集中器的光轴伸延。In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the step runs in particular substantially parallel to the optical axis of the solar concentrator.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，承载框架的面对光出射面的面的外部分相对于承载框架的面对光出射面的面的内部分在光出射面的方向上错位不大于0.3mm。特别是不大于0.1mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，承载框架的面对光出射面的面的外部分在光出射面的方向上伸出超过承载框架的面对光出射面的面的内部分不大于0.3mm、特别是不大于0.1mm。In another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the displacement of the outer part of the surface facing the light exit surface of the carrying frame relative to the inner part of the carrying frame facing the light exit surface in the direction of the light exit surface is no greater than 0.3mm. Especially not more than 0.1mm. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer part of the surface of the carrying frame facing the light exit surface protrudes in the direction of the light exit surface beyond the inner part of the surface of the carrying frame facing the light exit surface by no more than 0.3mm, especially not greater than 0.1mm.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述外部分面相对于所述内部分面在光出射面的方向上错位不大于0.3mm、特别是不大于0.1mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，外部分面在光出射面的方向上伸出超过内部分面不大于0.3mm、特别是不大于0.1mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，台阶的高度不大于0.3mm、有利地不大于0.1mm。In another advantageous configuration of the present invention, the displacement of the outer partial surface relative to the inner partial surface in the direction of the light exit surface is not greater than 0.3 mm, in particular not greater than 0.1 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer partial surface protrudes beyond the inner partial surface by no more than 0.3 mm, in particular by no more than 0.1 mm, in the direction of the light exit surface. In another advantageous design solution of the present invention, the height of the step is not greater than 0.3 mm, advantageously not greater than 0.1 mm.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，外部分面相对于太阳能集中器的光轴径向或垂直地延伸不小于0.5mm、特别是不小于1mm、有利地不小于1.5mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，外部分面相对于太阳能集中器的光轴径向或垂直地延伸不超过2.5mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，外部分面为环形面。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，该环形面的厚度(＝在图5中的B)不小于0.5mm、特别是不小于1mm、有利地不小于1.5mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，该环形面的厚度(＝在图5中的B)不大于2.5mm。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer partial surface extends radially or perpendicularly to the optical axis of the solar concentrator by not less than 0.5 mm, in particular by not less than 1 mm, advantageously by not less than 1.5 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer partial surface extends radially or perpendicularly to the optical axis of the solar concentrator by no more than 2.5 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outer partial surface is an annular surface. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the annular surface (=B in FIG. 5 ) is not less than 0.5 mm, in particular not less than 1 mm, advantageously not less than 1.5 mm. In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the thickness of the annular surface (=B in FIG. 5 ) is not greater than 2.5 mm.

在本发明的有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面以连续的一阶导数过渡到光出射面中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面以弯曲部过渡到光出射面中，其(弯曲部的)弯曲半径不大于0.25mm、特别是不大于0.15mm、有利地不大于0.1mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，弯曲半径大于0.04mm。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，从光导部分表面到光出射面中的特别是弯曲的过渡部被毛坯模制。In an advantageous refinement of the invention, the surface of the light guide part transitions into the light exit surface with a continuous first derivative. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the light guide part transitions into the light exit surface with a bend whose radius of curvature (of the bend) is not greater than 0.25 mm, in particular not greater than 0.15 mm, advantageously not greater than 0.1 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bending radius is greater than 0.04 mm. In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the in particular curved transition from the surface of the light guide part into the light exit area is blank molded.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光入射面被毛坯模制。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光入射面为凸形的或平的。光入射面可非球形地或球形地成型。In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the light entry surface is molded from the blank. In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light entry surface is convex or flat. The light entry surface can be shaped aspherically or spherically.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光出射面是凸形的(弯曲的)。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，凸形的光出射面以大于30mm的弯曲半径弯曲。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，凸形的光出射面弯曲成，其与理想平面或光出射平面的(最大)轮廓偏差小于100μm。在本发明的思想中，理想平面特别是为穿过从光导部分表面到光出射面中的过渡部的平面。在本发明的思想中，光出射平面特别是为穿过从光导部分表面到光出射面中的过渡部的平面。在本发明的思想中，光出射平面特别是与穿过光导部分表面到光出射面中的过渡部的平面平行的、穿过光出射面的(弯曲部的)顶点的平面。在本发明的思想中的光出射平面特别是垂直于变细的光导部分的、穿过光出射面的(弯曲部的)顶点的平面。在本发明的思想中的光出射平面特别是垂直于太阳能集中器的光轴的、通过光出射面的(弯曲部的)顶点的平面。在本发明的另一设计方案中，凸形的光出射面弯曲成，其与理想平面或光出射平面的(最大)轮廓偏差大于1μm、特别是大于40μm。在本发明的另一设计方案中，光出射面是平的。平的光出射面可具有特别是与收缩相关的与理想平面的特别是凹形的轮廓偏差，其例如可直至20μm或甚至直至40μm。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light exit surface is convex (curved). In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the convex light exit surface is curved with a curvature radius of greater than 30 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the convex light exit surface is curved such that its (maximum) contour deviation from the ideal plane or light exit plane is less than 100 μm. In the context of the invention, an ideal plane is in particular a plane passing through the transition from the surface of the light guide part into the light exit surface. In the context of the invention, the light exit plane is in particular the plane passing through the transition from the surface of the light guide part into the light exit surface. In the context of the invention, the light exit plane is in particular the plane passing through the apex (of the curvature) of the light exit surface parallel to the plane passing through the transition from the surface of the light guide part into the light exit surface. The light exit plane in the context of the invention is in particular the plane perpendicular to the tapered light guide part passing through the apex (of the bend) of the light exit surface. The light exit plane in the context of the invention is in particular the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the solar concentrator and passing through the apex (of the bend) of the light exit surface. In a further configuration of the invention, the convex light exit surface is curved such that its (maximum) contour deviation from the ideal plane or the light exit plane is greater than 1 μm, in particular greater than 40 μm. In another design solution of the present invention, the light exit surface is flat. A flat light exit surface can have, in particular shrinkage-related, in particular concave contour deviations from the ideal plane, which can be, for example, up to 20 μm or even up to 40 μm.

在本发明的有利的设计方案中，承载框架包括特别是完全毛坯模制的外边缘。在本发明的思想中的外边缘特别是太阳能集中器的距离太阳能集中器的光轴最远的部分。在本发明的思想中的外边缘特别是太阳能集中器的径向上具有最大延伸的部分。特别是规定，承载框架至少部分地在垂直于太阳能集中器的光轴的方向上超过光导部分伸出，或者承载框架至少部分地相对于太阳能集中器的光轴径向地超过光导部分伸出。In an advantageous refinement of the invention, the carrier frame comprises, in particular, a completely blank-molded outer edge. The outer edge in the idea of the invention is in particular the part of the solar concentrator which is farthest from the optical axis of the solar concentrator. The outer edge in the concept of the invention has, in particular, the part with the greatest extension in the radial direction of the solar concentrator. In particular, it is provided that the carrier frame protrudes beyond the light guide at least partially in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the solar concentrator, or that the carrier frame projects at least partially radially beyond the light guide relative to the optical axis of the solar concentrator.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，太阳能集中器的所有表面都被毛坯模制。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, all surfaces of the solar concentrator are blank-molded.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面包括至少一个刻槽部。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面包括至少两个分离的刻槽部。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面包括至少四个分离的刻槽部。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the light guide part comprises at least one notch. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the light guide part comprises at least two separate notches. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the light guide part comprises at least four separate notches.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述一个或多个刻槽部布置在光导部分表面的面对光入射面的半部分中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述一个或多个刻槽部仅仅布置在光导部分表面的面对光入射面的半部分中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述一个或多个刻槽部(特别是仅仅)布置在光导部分表面的面对光入射面的三分之一中。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the one or more notches are arranged in the half of the surface of the light guide part facing the light entry surface. In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the one or more notches are arranged only in the half of the surface of the light guide part facing the light entry surface. In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the one or more notches are arranged (in particular only) in a third of the surface of the light guide part facing the light entrance.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述一个或多个刻槽部向光导部分表面的方向扩大。In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the one or more notches widen in the direction of the surface of the light guide part.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述刻槽部通入太阳能集中器的承载框架中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面或其横截面在刻槽部的区域中或在其边缘处具有转折点。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the notch opens into a carrier frame of the solar concentrator. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the light guide part or its cross section has an inflection point in the region of the groove or at its edge.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述一个或多个刻槽部具有连续的凹形地弯曲的横截面。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the one or more notches have a continuous concavely curved cross section.

在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分借助于凹形地弯曲的(被毛坯模制的)过渡区域过渡到承载框架中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，光导部分表面借助于一个/所述凹形地弯曲的(被毛坯模制的)过渡区域过渡到承载框架中。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，实心主体在光导部分和承载框架之间包括凹形地弯曲的(被毛坯模制的)过渡区域。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述凹形地弯曲的(被毛坯模制的)过渡区域以至少0.3mm、特别是至少0.5mm、特别是至少1mm的弯曲半径弯曲。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，凹形地弯曲的(被毛坯模制的)过渡区域以光导部分在太阳能集中器的光轴方向上的长度的最高20％的弯曲半径、特别是最大2mm的弯曲半径弯曲。In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light guide part transitions into the carrier frame by means of a concavely curved (blank-moulded) transition region. In a further advantageous refinement of the invention, the light guide part surface transitions into the carrier frame by means of the/the concavely curved (blank-moulded) transition region. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the solid body comprises a concavely curved (blank-molded) transition region between the light guide part and the carrier frame. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the concavely curved (blank-molded) transition region is curved with a curvature radius of at least 0.3 mm, in particular at least 0.5 mm, in particular at least 1 mm. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the concavely curved (blank molded) transition region has a bending radius of at most 20% of the length of the light guide part in the direction of the optical axis of the solar concentrator, in particular Bending with a maximum bend radius of 2mm.

本发明还涉及一种太阳能模块，其具有上述由透明材料制成的太阳能集中器，其中，太阳能集中器通过其光出射面与光电元件相连接和/或面对光电元件。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，太阳能模块包括冷却体，所述光电元件布置在该冷却体上。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，在冷却体上布置有用于太阳能集中器的支架。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，太阳能模块包括用于太阳能集中器的支架。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，所述支架将太阳能集中器固定在太阳能集中器的承载框架处。在本发明的另一有利的设计方案中，太阳能模块具有用于使太阳光向着太阳能集中器光入射面取向的透镜(初级太阳能集中器)。The invention also relates to a solar module with the aforementioned solar concentrator made of transparent material, wherein the solar concentrator is connected to and/or faces the photovoltaic element via its light exit surface. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the solar module comprises a cooling body on which the photovoltaic elements are arranged. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a support for the solar concentrator is arranged on the heat sink. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the solar module comprises a support for the solar concentrator. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bracket fixes the solar concentrator on the carrier frame of the solar concentrator. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the solar module has a lens (primary solar concentrator) for orienting the sunlight toward the light entry surface of the solar concentrator.

本发明还涉及一种用于产生电能的方法，其中，太阳光特别是借助于初级太阳能集中器耦合到上述太阳能模块的太阳能集中器的光入射面中。The invention also relates to a method for generating electrical energy, in which sunlight is coupled, in particular by means of a primary solar concentrator, into a light entry surface of a solar concentrator of a solar module as described above.

附图说明Description of drawings

从以下对实施例的描述中得到其它优点和细节。其中：Additional advantages and details emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments. in:

图1示出了根据本发明的太阳能集中器的实施例，Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a solar concentrator according to the invention,

图2以局部图示出了根据图1的太阳能集中器，Figure 2 shows the solar concentrator according to Figure 1 in a partial view,

图3以俯视图示出了根据图1的太阳能集中器，Figure 3 shows the solar concentrator according to Figure 1 in top view,

图4以相应于在图3中的截面线A-A的截面图示出了根据图1的太阳能集中器，FIG. 4 shows the solar concentrator according to FIG. 1 in a sectional view corresponding to the section line A-A in FIG. 3 ,

图5示出了图4的局部，Figure 5 shows part of Figure 4,

图6以从下方的视图示出了根据图1的太阳能集中器，以及Figure 6 shows the solar concentrator according to Figure 1 in a view from below, and

图7示出了带有根据图1的太阳能集中器的太阳能模块的实施例。FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a solar module with a solar concentrator according to FIG. 1 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

图1以横截面图示出了用于根据本发明的太阳能集中器1的实施例。该太阳能集中器1包括光入射面2和毛坯模制的光出射面3以及布置在光入射面2和光出射面3之间的向着光出射面3的方向变细的光导部分4。附图标记5表示限制在光入射面2和光出射面3之间的光导部分4的光导部分表面。在此，光导部分表面5(如在图2中详细示出的那样)通过弯曲部8过渡到光出射面3中，其弯曲半径约为0.1mm。在有利的设计方案中，凸形的光出射面3具有大于30mm的弯曲半径弯曲或者弯曲成其与理想平面或光出射平面30的轮廓偏差31的最大值小于100μm。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment for a solar concentrator 1 according to the invention in a cross-sectional view. The solar concentrator 1 comprises a light entry surface 2 and a blank-molded light exit surface 3 as well as a light guide 4 arranged between the light entry surface 2 and the light exit surface 3 which tapers in the direction of the light exit surface 3 . Reference numeral 5 denotes a light guide section surface of the light guide section 4 bounded between the light entrance face 2 and the light exit face 3 . In this case, the light guide part surface 5 (as shown in detail in FIG. 2 ) merges into the light exit surface 3 via a bend 8 , the radius of which is approximately 0.1 mm. In an advantageous refinement, the convex light exit surface 3 is curved with a curvature radius of greater than 30 mm or is curved such that its maximum deviation from the ideal plane or the contour of the light exit plane 30 is less than 100 μm.

图3以俯视图示出了太阳能集中器1并且图4以相应于在图3中的截面线A-A的截面图示出了太阳能集中器。图6以从下方的视图示出了太阳能集中器1。该太阳能集中器1在太阳能集中器1的上部分中具有多个光导部分表面5的刻槽部91。在此，这些刻槽部延伸到承载框架6。光导部分表面5或其横截面曲线在刻槽部91的区域中具有转折点92。FIG. 3 shows the solar concentrator 1 in plan view and FIG. 4 shows the solar concentrator in a sectional view corresponding to the section line A-A in FIG. 3 . Figure 6 shows the solar concentrator 1 in a view from below. The solar concentrator 1 has a plurality of notches 91 of the light guide surface 5 in the upper part of the solar concentrator 1 . In this case, the notches extend to the carrier frame 6 . The light guide part surface 5 or its cross-sectional curve has an inflection point 92 in the region of the groove 91 .

在光入射面2和光导部分表面5之间，太阳能集中器1具有带有毛坯模制的外边缘61的承载框架6。图5示出了图4中的承载框架6的放大的局部。该承载框架6包括面对光出射面3的带有外部分面66和内部分面65的面63。外部分面66借助于高度H最大为0.3mm的台阶64相对于内部分面65在光出射面3的方向上错位，确切地说基于高度H最大为0.3mm的台阶64在光出射面3的方向上超过内部分面65伸出。外部分面相对于太阳能集中器的光轴100径向或垂直地在0.5mm至2.5mm之间延伸(长度B或径向长度B)。Between the light entry surface 2 and the light guide part surface 5 , the solar concentrator 1 has a carrier frame 6 with a blank-molded outer edge 61 . FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail of the carrier frame 6 from FIG. 4 . The carrier frame 6 comprises a surface 63 facing the light exit surface 3 with an outer partial surface 66 and an inner partial surface 65 . The outer partial surface 66 is offset relative to the inner partial surface 65 in the direction of the light exit surface 3 by means of a step 64 with a height H of at most 0.3 mm, precisely based on the step 64 with a height H of at most 0.3 mm on the light exit surface 3 It protrudes beyond the inner partial surface 65 in the direction. The outer section extends between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm radially or perpendicularly relative to the optical axis 100 of the solar concentrator (length B or radial length B).

图7示出了带有根据本发明的太阳能集中器1的太阳能模块40的实施例。该太阳能模块40包括冷却体41，在该冷却体41上布置有光电元件42和用于太阳能集中器1的支架44。光出射面3借助于粘合剂层43与光电元件42相连接。该太阳能模块40此外包括设计成菲涅尔透镜的初级太阳能集中器45以使得太阳光50向着布置或设计或设置成二级太阳能集中器的太阳能集中器1的光入射面2取向。通过光入射面2被引入太阳能集中器1中的太阳光通过太阳能集中器1的光出射面3射出并且射到光电元件42上。FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a solar module 40 with a solar concentrator 1 according to the invention. The solar module 40 comprises a heat sink 41 on which a photovoltaic element 42 and a support 44 for the solar concentrator 1 are arranged. The light exit surface 3 is connected to the photovoltaic element 42 by means of an adhesive layer 43 . The solar module 40 also includes a primary solar concentrator 45 designed as a Fresnel lens so that sunlight 50 is directed towards the light entry surface 2 of the solar concentrator 1 arranged or designed or arranged as a secondary solar concentrator. Sunlight introduced into the solar concentrator 1 via the light entry surface 2 exits through the light exit surface 3 of the solar concentrator 1 and impinges on the photovoltaic element 42 .

Claims (10)

1. the solar concentrator with the solid body of being made by transparent material (1), described solid body comprises light entrance face (2) and the molded light-emitting face (3) of blank, wherein, described solid body comprises bearing frame (61) between described light entrance face (2) and described light-emitting face (3), and the photoconduction particularly attenuating towards the direction of described light-emitting face (3) part (4), described photoconduction part (4) is advantageously limited between described light entrance face (2) and described light-emitting face (3) by photoconduction part surface (5), and wherein, described bearing frame (61) comprises face (63), this face (63) is faced the light-emitting face (3) of described bearing frame (61) and is had step (64), thereby the outer part of the face (63) in the face of described light-emitting face (3) of bearing frame (61) is in the direction of described light-emitting face (3), the interior part in the face of the face (63) of described light-emitting face (3) and/or described bearing frame (61) dislocation with respect to bearing frame (61), and/or described interior part or interior part that described outer part surpasses the face (63) in the face of described light-emitting face (3) of bearing frame (61) in the direction of described light-emitting face (3) are stretched out.
2. the solar concentrator with the solid body of being made by transparent material (1), described solid body comprises light entrance face (2) and the molded light-emitting face (3) of blank, wherein, described solid body comprises bearing frame (61) between described light entrance face (2) and described light-emitting face (3), and the photoconduction particularly attenuating towards the direction of described light-emitting face (3) part (4), described photoconduction part (4) is advantageously limited between described light entrance face (2) and described light-emitting face (3) by photoconduction part surface (5), wherein, described bearing frame (61) comprises face (63), this face (63) is in the face of described light-emitting face (3) and have outer part face (66) and part face (65) at least one, and wherein, described outer part face particularly misplaces with respect to described interior part face (65) by means of step (64) in the direction of described light-emitting face (3), and/or over described interior part face (65), stretch out in the direction of described light-emitting face (3).
3. solar concentrator according to claim 1 and 2 (1), is characterized in that, the height of described step (64) is no more than 0.3mm altogether.
4. according to the solar concentrator (1) described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described photoconduction part surface (5) comprises at least one cutting portion (91).
5. according to the solar concentrator described in any one in the claims (1), it is characterized in that, described photoconduction part surface (5) comprises at least two separated cutting portions (91).
6. according to the solar concentrator described in claim 4 to 5 (1), it is characterized in that, a described cutting portion (91) or a plurality of cutting portions (91) are arranged in facing in half part of described light entrance face (2) of described photoconduction part surface (5).
7. according to the solar concentrator described in any one in claim 4 to 6 (1), it is characterized in that, a described cutting portion (91) or a plurality of cutting portions (91) are only arranged in facing in half part of described light entrance face (2) of described photoconduction part surface (5).
8. according to the solar concentrator described in any one in claim 4 to 7 (1), it is characterized in that, a described cutting portion (91) or a plurality of cutting portions (91) be arranged in described photoconduction part surface (5) in the face of described light entrance face (2) 1/3rd in.
9. a solar energy module, is characterized in that, is connected and/or faces photoelectric cell according to the solar concentrator described in any one in the claims (1) by its light-emitting face (3) with photoelectric cell.
10. for generation of a method for electric energy, it is characterized in that, sunlight is incided in the light entrance face (2) of solar concentrator (1) of solar energy module according to claim 9.
CN201280061234.6A 2012-03-13 2012-12-05 solar concentrator Pending CN103999355A (en)

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