CN103766657B - Feed additive capable of reducing methane emission of pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for reducing methane emission from pigs. The composition comprises: 1-5 parts by weight of slow-release fumaric acid, 0.1-1 part by weight of sodium bromoethanesulfonate, and 1-10 parts by weight of montmorillonite. The slow-release fumaric acid is the slow-release fumaric acid with hydrotalcite as the carrier. The feed additive for reducing pig methane emissions of the present invention combines the function of fumaric acid to capture hydrogen to reduce methane production, the function of sodium bromoethanesulfonate to inhibit methane bacteria, and the function of slow-release carrier of hydrotalcite and montmorillonite to produce The synergistic combination effect can reduce pig methane emissions by 20-50%. Compared with the single addition of slow-release fumaric acid or sodium bromoethanesulfonate in pig feed, the feed additive for reducing pig methane emission of the invention can significantly reduce pig methane production.

Description

A Feed Additive for Reducing Methane Emissions from Pigs

technical field

The present invention relates to a feed additive, in particular to a feed additive for reducing methane emission from pigs.

Background technique

The rapid and intensive development of animal husbandry has led to an increase in methane emissions and an increasing impact on the greenhouse effect. It is of great significance to carry out the research on the control technology of methane emission reduction in the gastrointestinal tract of livestock to realize the energy saving and emission reduction of animal husbandry and the improvement of animal productivity. It is estimated that greenhouse gases directly or indirectly produced by the global livestock industry account for 18% or more of the total annual emissions (FAO, 2006). my country has developed into the world's largest pork production and consumption country. According to the FAO (2006) report, my country is the world's largest methane emitter from animal manure, accounting for 22% of the world's total, and more than 80% of which comes from pig manure. There are two ways for animal husbandry to emit methane into the atmosphere. One is that livestock produce methane through internal fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract and release it into the atmosphere in the form of belching or fart; Oxygen fermentation produces methane which is released into the atmosphere. It can be seen that my country's animal husbandry industry, especially pig production, consumes a lot of natural resources and emits a lot of greenhouse gases into the environment. The development of low-carbon pig farming is an important component and inevitable requirement of building a low-carbon society.

For a long time, people have always believed that rumen methane production is the main source of greenhouse gases in the animal breeding industry, while the generation of methane in the hindgut of monogastric animals has been ignored. In fact, in my country, the number of pigs is huge, and the daily methane production of pigs It is about 1.5L. Therefore, the total amount of greenhouse gas generated by this part cannot be ignored. On the other hand, methanogens have a profound impact on the microbial fermentation of the hindgut of monogastric animals. When the fiber material in the diet reaches the hindgut, under the action of a large number of microorganisms, it will be hydrolyzed to produce short-chain fatty acids (mainly acetic acid, propane, etc.). acid, butyric acid) and gases (hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane) and other primary fermentation products. Methanogens can use hydrogen to maintain a low hydrogen pressure in the gut, thereby promoting the metabolism of hydrogen-producing bacteria and the production of other products, and ultimately promoting the degradation of organic substances such as cellulose; therefore, the methane content in the hindgut of monogastric animals The formation is also beneficial to the metabolism of microorganisms. However, different from the rumen metabolism of anti-eating animals, there are a large number of acetate-reducing bacteria in the hindgut of monogastric animals. These acetate-reducing bacteria can use hydrogen to generate acetic acid. methane production.

Animals themselves cannot secrete enzymes that decompose fiber, and carbohydrates such as fiber they ingest can only be utilized after anaerobic fermentation by microorganisms in their bodies. A large proportion of microbial fermentation in pigs is completed in the large intestine. This is because the stomach and small intestine of pigs have little or no enzymes for digesting cellulose, so the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose mainly depends on the colon and cecum. Bacterial decomposing enzymes for fermentation. In the anaerobic food chain, substances are first degraded by specialized microorganisms, such as cellulolytic bacteria producing monosaccharides (glucose), disaccharides (cellobiose), lactate, volatile fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid ) and alcohol (ethanol), etc. These products undergo secondary metabolism through intermediate metabolic pathways, converting volatile fatty acids into alcohol, acetate, H ₂ , CO ₂ and the main substrates for methanogens to use. Methanogens catalyze The last step in the food chain is to convert complex substances into methane and CO ₂ . Since the methane produced cannot be utilized by the host animal, it is excreted in the form of belching or fart.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a feed additive for reducing methane emissions from pigs.

The feed additive for reducing methane emission from pigs consists of 1-5 parts by weight of slow-release fumaric acid, 0.1-1 part by weight of sodium bromoethanesulfonate and 1-10 parts by weight of montmorillonite.

The slow-release fumaric acid is the slow-release fumaric acid with hydrotalcite as the carrier.

The preparation method of the slow-release fumaric acid is as follows: Grind the hydrotalcite to more than 200 mesh, add water and stir evenly to make a suspension slurry with a concentration of 3% to 15% by weight, and slowly add the molar amount of water under stirring. Fumaric acid or sodium fumarate 1-2 times of talc is reacted for 5-15 hours, centrifuged or filtered for dehydration, the filter cake is dried and crushed to a size larger than 200 meshes to obtain slow-release fumaric acid.

Fumaric acid is also known as fumaric acid, fumaric acid, and its chemical formula is C ₄ H ₄ O ₄ . Hydrotalcite is a compound composed of positively charged host laminates and interlayer anions through non-covalent interactions. Its structure is similar to brucite Mg(OH) ₂ . The typical compound is magnesium aluminum carbonate Type hydrotalcite: Mg ₆ Al ₂ (OH) ₁₆ ·4H ₂ O. Utilizing the intercalation assembly performance and biocompatibility of hydrotalcite, it has high application value as a delivery carrier for biopharmaceutical molecules. Due to the characteristics of good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal mucosal affinity, interlayer exchangeability and large specific surface area, hydrotalcite has a sustained release effect on the loaded fumaric acid. Fumaric acid can act as a hydrogen acceptor to compete with methanogens for available hydrogen in pig intestines, reducing methane production. Hydrotalcite has a slow-release effect on fumaric acid, optimizing the release of fumaric acid in pig intestines, so that fumaric acid can better capture hydrogen , to achieve the purpose of reducing methane emissions. Sodium bromoethanesulfonate can inhibit the activity of intestinal methane bacteria, and montmorillonite has a slow-release effect on sodium bromoethanesulfonate.

Compared with the single addition of slow-release fumaric acid or sodium bromoethanesulfonate in pig feed, the feed additive for reducing pig methane emission of the invention can significantly reduce pig methane production. The slow-release fumaric acid, sodium bromoethanesulfonate and montmorillonite had a significant interaction in reducing methane emissions from pigs, and the combination of the three had a positive synergistic combination effect.

The feed additive for reducing pig methane emissions of the present invention combines the function of fumaric acid to capture hydrogen to reduce methane production, the function of sodium bromoethanesulfonate to inhibit methane bacteria, and the function of slow-release carrier of hydrotalcite and montmorillonite to produce The synergistic combination effect can reduce pig methane emissions by 20-50%.

Detailed ways

The feed additive for reducing methane emission from pigs consists of 1-5 parts by weight of slow-release fumaric acid, 0.1-1 part by weight of sodium bromoethanesulfonate and 1-10 parts by weight of montmorillonite. The slow-release fumaric acid is the slow-release fumaric acid with hydrotalcite as the carrier. Described sodium bromoethanesulfonate and montmorillonite are commercially available.

The present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with the following examples.

Example 1

Grind the hydrotalcite to 200 mesh, add water and stir evenly to make a suspension slurry with a concentration of 15% by weight, slowly add fumaric acid or sodium fumarate whose molar number is 1 times that of hydrotalcite under stirring, react for 5 hours, and centrifuge and dehydrate. The filter cake was dried and crushed to 200 mesh to obtain slow-release fumaric acid.

Slow-release fumaric acid is mixed with sodium bromoethanesulfonate and montmorillonite in the following weight ratios: 1 part of slow-release fumaric acid, 0.1 part of sodium bromoethanesulfonate, and 1 part of montmorillonite. That is, a feed additive to reduce methane emission (FA-RME) from pigs is obtained. The dosage in pig feed is 0.1~0.5%.

The effects of FA-RME on methanogenesis and production of short-chain fatty acids in pig feces culture fluid were studied using in vitro fermentation technology. The experiment was divided into two groups, the control group and the FA-RME group. The feces samples from Du big pigs with a weight of about 60 kg were collected in the pig farm, and they were quickly brought back to the laboratory for in vitro fermentation. The methane production and total gas production were measured at 6h, 12h, 24h, and 48h after inoculation, respectively, and the fermentation was stopped at 48h to collect samples for the determination of short-chain fatty acids. The test results showed that FA-RME could significantly inhibit methane production ( P <0.05), and the concentration of acetic acid was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P <0.05). The results showed that FA-RME could effectively reduce the production of methane and promote the transfer of hydrogen to the acetic acid reduction pathway to generate acetic acid.

Example 2

Grind hydrotalcite to 300 mesh, add water and stir evenly to make a suspension slurry with a concentration of 3% by weight, slowly add fumaric acid or sodium fumarate whose molar number is twice that of hydrotalcite under stirring, react for 15 hours, filter and dehydrate, The filter cake is dried and crushed to a size larger than 300 mesh to obtain the slow-release fumaric acid.

Slow-release fumaric acid is mixed with sodium bromoethanesulfonate and montmorillonite in the following weight ratios: 5 parts of slow-release fumaric acid, 1 part of sodium bromoethanesulfonate, and 10 parts of montmorillonite. That is, a feed additive to reduce methane emission (FA-RME) from pigs is obtained. The dosage in pig feed is 0.1~0.5%.

48 Du grow-and-finish pigs with a body weight of about 60 kg were divided into 2 groups according to the requirements of the feeding experiment, and each group was set up with 3 replicates, with 8 pigs in each replicate. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the experimental group was fed with 0.20% FA- RME diet, the test period was 60 days. The methane concentration in the pig house was measured daily. The results showed that compared with the control group, the FA-RME group reduced the methane emission of the pig house by 23% ( P <0.05).

Example 3

Grind hydrotalcite to more than 300 mesh, add water and stir evenly to make a suspension slurry with a concentration of 10% by weight, slowly add fumaric acid or sodium fumarate with a molar number 1.5 times that of hydrotalcite under stirring, react for 10 hours, centrifuge or Filtration and dehydration, drying and crushing the filter cake to a size larger than 300 meshes, to obtain slow-release fumaric acid.

Slow-release fumaric acid is mixed with sodium bromoethanesulfonate and montmorillonite in the following weight ratios: 3 parts of slow-release fumaric acid, 0.6 part of sodium bromoethanesulfonate, and 6 parts of montmorillonite. That is, a feed additive to reduce methane emission (FA-RME) from pigs is obtained. The dosage in pig feed is 0.1~0.5%.

48 Du grow-and-finish pigs with a body weight of about 60 kg were divided into 2 groups according to the requirements of the feeding experiment, and each group was set up with 3 replicates, with 8 pigs in each replicate. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the experimental group was fed with 0.30% FA- RME diet, the test period was 60 days. The methane concentration in the pig house was measured daily. The results showed that compared with the control group, the FA-RME group reduced methane emissions from pig houses by 40% ( P <0.05).

Claims (1)

1. reduce a feed addictive for pig discharge of methane, it is characterized in that it consists of: spacetabs type fumaric acid 1 ~ 5 weight portion, bromoethane sodium 0.1 ~ 1 weight portion, montmorillonite 1 ~ 10 weight portion; Described spacetabs type fumaric acid take hydrotalcite as the spacetabs type fumaric acid of carrier.

2.a kind of feed addictive reducing pig discharge of methane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described spacetabs type fumaric acid is: be ground to by hydrotalcite and be greater than 200 orders, add water and stir, make the suspension slurry that concentration expressed in percentage by weight is 3% ~ 15%, the fumaric acid or fumaric acid sodium that molal quantity is hydrotalcite 1 ~ 2 times is slowly added under stirring, react 5 ~ 15 hours, centrifugal or filtering means dehydration, filter cake is dried, is crushed to and is greater than 200 orders, obtains spacetabs type fumaric acid.