CN103652692B - 一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法，属于食品加工技术领域。该萝卜缨营养咀嚼片包括以下质量分数成分：萝卜缨20-80，营养物质10-50，矫味剂1-20，粘合剂0.5-10，硬脂酸镁0-1.5，所述营养物质为脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素（质量百分比为20:1），经过制备软材、造粒、压片和灭菌步骤制得萝卜缨营养咀嚼片，该咀嚼片风味浓厚、营养全面、具有多重保健功效、食用和携带方便、制作工艺简单，适合于各类人群。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工技术领域，涉及到功能性保健食品加工，具体地说是一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法。
背景技术
萝卜缨是十字花科植物莱菔（Raphanus sativus L.）的基生叶，又名莱菔叶、萝卜杆和莱菔菜等。营养学研究表明，萝卜缨的营养价值在很多方面均高于根，如Vit.C的含量是根2倍以上，矿物质元素中的钙、镁、铁、锌以及核黄素、叶酸等含量是根3-10倍，尤其红萝卜缨的含钙量和Vit.K在蔬菜中位居第一；萝卜缨富含钼，可预防近视眼、老花眼和白内障；萝卜缨中还富含膳食纤维，可预防便秘和结肠癌。此外，萝卜缨有助消化、理气、健胃以及润肤养颜等功效。现有文献报道萝卜缨的营养价值颇高，但日常生活中萝卜缨却很少被食用，一方面是因为人们对萝卜缨的营养价值不够了解；另一方面因萝卜缨很难储存和运输，收获萝卜后，萝卜缨被大量废弃。
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咀嚼片是指于口腔中咀嚼或吮服使片溶化后吞服的片剂，是近年来发展起来的一种速效制剂，已越来越受到人们的关注。咀嚼片与普通片剂相比具有以下优点：分散状态佳、崩解时间短、营养物质溶出迅速；吸收快、生物利用度高；服用方便，便于携带。近年来，咀嚼片剂不仅仅用于西药和中成药，在食品和功能性营养补充剂等方面也得到了广泛的应用。
本发明针对萝卜缨具有丰富的营养和保健功效，发明了一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片，克服了萝卜缨产期短、难存储、无法长期食用、资源极度浪费等缺点，制备一种供人们休闲食用的即食性营养保健食品，通过对咀嚼片的食用，既达到蔬菜营养的补充，又起到保健作用；同时该咀嚼片中添加了原花青素，它的清除自由基能力和抗氧化是Vc的30倍，VE的50倍，并具有广泛的生物活性，故增加了萝卜缨咀嚼片的营养价值和保健功能，所以以萝卜缨为主要原料制备的咀嚼片将会有很好市场前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法，提供一种萝卜缨风味浓厚、高纯度、营
养全面、酸甜可口、具有多种保健功效、食用方便、便于携带、制作工艺简单的新型固态食品萝卜缨营养咀嚼片及制备方法。为实现本发明的目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片，以萝卜缨为主料，加入营养物质和辅料，搅拌均匀后，按常规方法压片，紫外照射杀菌后制得，其所述组分质量分数如下：
萝卜缨 20-80份，
营养物质 10-50份，
矫味剂 1-20份，
粘合剂 0.5-10份，
润滑剂 0-1.5份。
其中，营养物质为脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素，其质量比为20:1，原花青素具有清除自由基和抗氧化、预防和改善心血管疾病、防癌抗癌、增强机体免疫力、抗辐射、抗衰老等多种功效，另外，在欧美还是享有 “口服化妆品”的盛誉，添加到咀嚼片中可丰富和提高产品的营养保健功能。
矫味剂为蔗糖、低聚糖、麦芽糖醇、柠檬酸、苹果酸、山梨醇、阿斯巴甜、甘露醇中的一种或它们的混合物，作为咀嚼片的，可根据喜好调配成甜、酸、清凉的口味。
粘合剂为羧甲基纤维素钠或低聚异麦芽糖或微晶纤维素中一种，优选低聚异麦芽糖。
润滑剂为硬脂酸镁。
本发明还提供了一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片的制备方法，按照下述步骤进行：
（1）、萝卜缨粉的制备：先将新鲜萝卜缨清洗后杀青（85-95℃的热水中漂烫1-3min）和护色（按照专利申请号201310129632.3中的方法）处理，干燥至水分含量低于7%，用气流粉碎机粉碎，过100目筛，得萝卜缨全粉。萝卜缨提取物是先将新鲜萝卜缨清洗、干燥、粉碎、过40目筛后，用95%的乙醇浸提3次，经40℃减压浓缩得到萝卜缨提取物浸膏，于60-70℃真空干燥箱中烘干，得到萝卜缨提取物干粉（按干重计，为15%-22%），粉碎，过100目筛，备用。
（2）、莲房原花青素的制备：新鲜莲房清洗后，剪成2cm左右小块，沸水中密闭浸提30min（按水料比10:1，加入溶剂体积分数0.5‰-1‰的亚硫酸氢钠），浸提3次，过滤，合并浸提液，滤液经AB-8大孔吸附树脂富集后，先用去离子水清洗除去可溶性多糖、蛋白质和色素等，再经体积分数50%食用酒精水溶液洗脱柱子，收集洗脱液，40℃减压浓缩成浸膏，冷冻干燥，得莲房原花青素。
（3）、营养物质调配：将脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素，按质量比为20:1混合。
（4）、一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片的制备方法：
（4.1）制备软材，将上述萝卜缨粉与按计算量比例，加入营养物质、矫味剂、粘合剂，然后喷雾加入适量纯净水，搅拌混合均匀制成软材，以手捏团后可分散为宜；
（4.2）造粒，将软材过10目筛制成湿粒，将湿粒置于45℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥1-2小时，得到含水量为5%-10%的颗粒;
（4.3）压片，干燥合格颗粒料加入硬脂酸镁，混匀，送入压片机压成片，可以根据需要做成不同大小的片剂。
（4.4）灭菌，初筛去除浮粉及不符合规格的片剂，随后放在紫外灯下照射30分钟，对咀嚼片灭菌处理。
（4.5）包装，将压成的萝卜缨咀嚼片用瓶子包装或热压成铝塑板，包装得产品。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
1、本发明制备的萝卜缨营养咀嚼片含有多种营养保健成分。化学分成研究表明，萝卜缨中含有含有一定量的糖、蛋白质，苷、单宁、黄酮、皂苷和生物碱、多种精油和维生素（VA、VB1、VB2、VB5、VB9、VC、VE、VK、胡萝卜素）和矿物元素（钙、磷、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒、铜、锰、钾、钼等），其中Vc和钙含量均居于蔬菜之首，维生素K的含量更是远远高于其他食物，萝卜缨是被认为是人体摄取天然维生素K的最佳食品；萝卜缨含有较高的钼，钼是组成眼睛虹膜的重要成分，常服萝卜缨子，有一定的预防近视眼、老花眼、白内障的作用；萝卜缨中膳食纤维含量很高，可预防便秘、预防结肠癌；其特有的辛辣和淡淡的苦味，可以帮助消化，理气、健胃，有润肤养颜的作用；除此之外，还具有预防和治疗胃溃疡、促进胃肠蠕动、预防高血压、清除体内自由基，延缓衰老，可美白、增强皮肤弹性、预防色斑形成等功效，由以上可见，萝卜缨的营养价值全面而且均衡。
2、本发明所添加的营养物质是脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素，可丰富咀嚼片的营养。原花青素抗自由基能力是VE的50倍，VC的20倍，并吸收迅速完全，口服20分钟即可达到最高血液浓度，代谢半衰期达7小时。具有改善心血管系统功能、抗肿瘤、降脂降压、降血糖、抗疲劳、改善视力等生理功能、对神经退行性疾病也有一定的预防活性。此外，原花青素在护肤品中起到多重作用，如抗衰老、抗辐射、增白、保湿等，对多种因素造成的皮肤老化都有独特的功效，在欧美被誉为“皮肤维生素”和“口服化妆品”。
3、本发明采用湿法制粒、直接用水制软材；压片法制萝卜缨营养咀嚼片，其生产设备及制备下艺简单，易于操作，有利于实现工业化的生产加工。
4、本发明制备的萝卜缨营养咀嚼片萝卜缨粉含量高、营养丰富、易于保存、方便携带与运输、食用简便，有利于营养保健成分在体内的吸收，提高了这些成分的生物利用度。
具体实施方式
实施例1
先将新鲜萝卜缨清洗、杀青（85-95℃的热水中漂烫1-3min）和护色处理后，干燥至水分含量低于7%，用气流粉碎机粉碎，过100目筛，得萝卜缨全粉。取质量分数80%萝卜缨全粉，加入质量分数10%的营养物质（脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素按质量比为20:1混合）；加入质量分数1%的阿斯巴甜，质量分数0.5%低聚异麦芽糖，然后喷雾加入适量纯净水，搅拌混合均匀制成软材，以手捏团后可分散为宜；将软材过10目筛制成湿粒，将湿粒置于45℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥2-4小时，得到含水量为5%-10%的颗粒；干燥合格颗粒料加入质量分数1%硬脂酸镁，混匀，送入压片机常规压片；将制得的片剂于紫外灯下照射30分钟灭菌处理；将咀嚼片用瓶子包装或热压成铝塑板，包装得产品，制得甜味的萝卜缨营养咀嚼片。
实施例2
先将新鲜萝卜缨清洗、杀青（85-95℃的热水中漂烫1-3min）和护色处理后，干燥至水分含量低于7%，用气流粉碎机粉碎，过100目筛，得萝卜缨全粉。取质量分数20%萝卜缨全粉，加入质量分数50%的营养物质（脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素按质量比为20:1混合），质量分数20%的矫味剂（柠檬酸和低聚糖质量百分比为2:1），质量分数10%低聚异麦芽糖，然后喷雾加入适量纯净水，搅拌混合均匀制成软材，以手捏团后可分散为宜；将软材过10目筛制成湿粒，将湿粒置于45℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥4小时，得到含水量为5%-10%的颗粒；干燥合格颗粒料加入质量分数1.5%硬脂酸镁，混匀，送入压片机常规压片；将制得的片剂于紫外灯下照射30分钟灭菌处理；将咀嚼片用瓶子包装或热压成铝塑板，包装得产品，制得酸甜味的萝卜缨营养咀嚼片。
Claims (1)
1.一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片，其特征在于，以萝卜缨为主料，加入营养物质和辅料，搅拌均匀后，按常规方法压片，紫外照射杀菌后制得，其所述组分质量分数如下：
萝卜缨 20-80份，
营养物质 10-50份，
矫味剂 1-20份，
粘合剂 0.5-10份，
润滑剂 0-1.5份；
其中营养物质为脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素，其质量比为20:1；
矫味剂为蔗糖；
粘合剂为低聚异麦芽糖；润滑剂为硬脂酸镁；
所述的一种萝卜缨营养咀嚼片的制备方法，按照下述步骤进行：
（1）、萝卜缨粉的制备：先将新鲜萝卜缨清洗后杀青和护色处理，干燥至水分含量低于7%，用气流粉碎机粉碎，过100目筛，得萝卜缨全粉，所述杀青即在85-95℃的热水中漂烫1-3min；
（2）、莲房原花青素的制备：新鲜莲房清洗后，剪成2cm小块，按水料比10:1，加入溶剂体积分数0.5‰-1‰的亚硫酸氢钠沸水中密闭浸提30min，浸提3次，过滤，合并浸提液，滤液经AB-8大孔吸附树脂富集后，先用去离子水清洗除去可溶性多糖、蛋白质和色素，再经体积分数50%食用酒精水溶液洗脱柱子，收集洗脱液，40℃减压浓缩成浸膏，冷冻干燥，得莲房原花青素；
（3）、营养物质调配：将脱脂奶粉和莲房原花青素，按质量比为20:1混合；
（4.1）制备软材，将上述萝卜缨全粉与按计算量比例，加入营养物质、矫味剂、粘合剂，然后喷雾加入适量纯净水，搅拌混合均匀制成软材，以手捏团后可分散为宜；
（4.2）造粒，将软材过10目筛制成湿粒，将湿粒置于45℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥1-2小时，得到含水量以质量计为5%-10%的颗粒；
（4.3）压片，干燥合格颗粒料加入硬脂酸镁，混匀，送入压片机压成片，根据需要做成不同大小的片剂；
（4.4）灭菌，初筛去除浮粉及不符合规格的片剂，随后放在紫外灯下照射30分钟，对咀嚼片灭菌处理；
（4.5）包装，将压成的萝卜缨咀嚼片用瓶子包装或热压成铝塑板，包装得产品。
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