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CN103626569A - Preparation method for slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents

Preparation method for slow-release fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103626569A
CN103626569A CN201210312877.5A CN201210312877A CN103626569A CN 103626569 A CN103626569 A CN 103626569A CN 201210312877 A CN201210312877 A CN 201210312877A CN 103626569 A CN103626569 A CN 103626569A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
component
release fertilizer
polyvalent alcohol
fertilizer
preparing slow
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Pending
Application number
CN201210312877.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韩志成
张汉岭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING DONGCHEN RUIFENG CHEMICAL CO LTD
Original Assignee
BEIJING DONGCHEN RUIFENG CHEMICAL CO LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING DONGCHEN RUIFENG CHEMICAL CO LTD filed Critical BEIJING DONGCHEN RUIFENG CHEMICAL CO LTD
Priority to CN201210312877.5A priority Critical patent/CN103626569A/en
Publication of CN103626569A publication Critical patent/CN103626569A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for a slow-release fertilizer. A fertilizer to be coated is preheated to the temperature of 45-55 DEG C in a revolving drum. Ingredients A and B are mixed and sprayed onto the surface of the fertilizer uniformly through a nozzle, and the spraying quantity at each time is about 1% of the total mass of the fertilizer. After the last-time ingredients A and B are reacted fully, the next spraying is carried out and the spraying number is 2-8 times. Then ingredient C is heated, melted and sprayed onto the surface of the ingredients A and B, the spraying quantity is 1.5% of the total mass of the fertilizer and the required product is obtained. The product is advantageous in that, no micromolecular harmful substances are generated in the production process, the coating agents is non-toxic and harmless, and is biodegradable, the processing technology of the slow-release fertilizer is simple and the like.

Description

A kind of method of preparing slow-release fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of preparing slow-release fertilizer.
Background technology
Slow-release fertilizer also claims Controlled Release Fertilizer, on chemical fertilizer granule surface, wrap the hydrophobic substance that one deck is very thin exactly and make coating fertilizer, moisture can enter the semi-permeable membranes of porous, and the nutrient dissolving is to film external diffusion, constantly supply with crop, fertilizer nutrient release rate is adjusted, according to crop demand, discharged nutrient, reach the running balance of element fertilizer providing intensity and plant physiology demand.
Slow-release fertilizer has following advantage:
1. fertilizer amount reduces, and utilization ratio improves.Slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is than the length of general not coating more than 30 days, and leaching volatilization loss reduces, and fertilizer amount can reduce 10-20% than conventional fertilizer application, reaches cost-saving object.
2. use conveniently saving of labor's safety.Can coordinate with readily avaiable fertilizer that to make base manure disposable employed, fertilising recruitment reduces by 1/3rd left and right, and uses safety, anti-fertilizer damage.
3. increasing both production and income.Use rear performance fertilizer efficiency surely long, not de-power of later stage, disease-resistant anti-fall, increase production more than 5%.Domestic slow-release fertilizer mainly be take sulphur and is coated as main, and cost is lower, but life-time service can change the acid-basicity of soil.Although Synolac is coated in addition, the coated slow-release fertilizer of urea-formaldehyde resin overcomes the impact on soil acidity or alkalinity, but in production process, mostly use low-volatile solvent based material, product and production environment are caused to certain influence, in In Alkyd Resin Production, can use toluene or dimethylbenzene as thinner, and the main raw material of urea-formaldehyde resin is formaldehyde, no matter be in production process, or the finished product all can have the formaldehyde of certain content to be mixed in urea-formaldehyde resin.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome in slow-release fertilizer production and use procedure, environment and human body are damaged, the present invention has introduced a kind of method of preparing slow-release fertilizer,
In rotary drum, required coated fertilizer is preheating to 45-55 degree Celsius, A, B component are sprayed on to fertilizer surface uniformly by nozzle after mixing, each emitted dose is 1% left and right of fertilizer total mass, until A, B component, after fully reacting, sprays next time, and injecting times is 2-8 time.After A, B component are dried, A, B component surface will be sprayed on after C component heat fused, emitted dose is 1.5% of fertilizer total mass, obtain required product, this product has production process without small molecules objectionable impurities, the feature such as coating is nontoxic can be biodegradable, slow-release fertilizer complete processing is simple.
Described A component is mainly configured to other auxiliary agents such as polyvalent alcohol (polyether glycol, polyester polyol, vegetable oil polyol), chainextender, catalyzer, softening agent, perforate material, defoamer, pigment.
The selection of described polyvalent alcohol be take vegetable oil polyol as main, comprise soybean oil polyvalent alcohol, Viscotrol C, plam oil polyvalent alcohol etc., polyether glycol be glycerine, sucrose, glycol ether, tetramethylolmethane, aniline, quadrol etc. at least to contain 2 raw materials more than reactive hydrogen be the synthetic polyether glycol of initiator, hydroxyl value is chosen in the scope of 50-700mgkoh/g.The product that polyester polyol selection phthalic anhydride or hexanodioic acid and glycol ether or glycerine reaction obtain, hydroxyl value is chosen in the scope of 50-450mgkoh/g.Polyvalent alcohol contains active hydrogen bond, can be fast under the effect of catalyzer and isocyanate reaction, produce a kind of urethane resin product, this product can be decomposed by microorganism under field conditions (factors) and hydrolysis oxidation occurs for self, discharge the required nitrogen element of plant, owing to adopting vegetable oil polyol in the present invention, be main raw material, improved it by biolytic speed.
Described chainextender comprises alcohols or the amine that glycol ether, glycerine, BDO, hexylene glycol, tetramethylolmethane, ethylene glycol, quadrol, trolamine, diethanolamine, phenylenediamine etc. contain 2 or 2 above reactive hydrogens.Preferential select a kind of or wherein several composite of glycol ether, glycerine, trolamine, diethanolamine.In the present invention, adopting chainextender one is can improve the molecular weight of film-forming resin by chain extending reaction, improves its toughness and intensity.The 2nd, by adding chainextender, can accelerate the speed of response of resin, shorten process period.Described catalyzer is selected N, one or more of N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, trolamine, triethylene diamine, two (dimethylamino ethyl) ether, stannous octoate, dibutyl tin laurate, two morpholine Anaesthetie Ethers, preferential triethylene diamine, trolamine, N, one or more of N-dimethylcyclohexylamine selected.When selecting amines catalyst can accelerate its reaction times, the nitrogen element producing after degraded can not impact soil.Described softening agent comprises clorafin, DBP, DOP, epoxy soybean oil, adipic acid ester, azelate, sebate triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate three (2-ethyl hexyl) ester epoxy Toenol 1140, epoxyoleic acid butyl ester, octyl epoxy stearate, epoxidation tri-glyceride, epoxy tetrahydro-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dioctyl maleate, vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid polyol ester, fumarate, itaconic ester, unsaturated polyester resin, microcrystalline wax etc., the preferential microcrystalline wax of selecting, DBP, DOP, one or more mixing of epoxy soybean oil.Select softening agent mainly to increase between A, the B component mobility and reduction resin and resin in the middle of reaction process, the agglutinating value(of coal) between resin and equipment, the integrity of guarantee filmogen.
Perforate material comprises the materials such as starch, flour, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, preferentially selects starch, flour and talcous one or more materials.By adding pore-forming substance, water can be infiltrated by concentration difference between hole and ooze out, fertilizer is slowly released.And increase its degradation speed by adding organic materials starch and flour.
Described defoamer is silicone based defoamer.
Described pigment is modulated different colours by different requirement.
Described concrete ratio is the 57%-92.39% (wherein vegetable oil polyol accounts for the more than 50% of polyvalent alcohol total mass) that polyvalent alcohol accounts for A component total amount, chainextender accounts for the 0.5%-6% of A component total amount, softening agent accounts for the 3%-10% of A component total amount, catalyzer accounts for the 0.1%-6% of A component total amount, perforate material accounts for the 3%-15% of A component total amount, defoamer accounts for the 0.01%-1% of A component total amount, and pigment accounts for the 1%-5% of A component total amount.
The preferential selective polymerization MDI of described B component, comprises that 44V20, M20S, PM-200's is wherein a kind of.Polymeric MDI stability in storage is good, easy to use, so preferential selective polymerization MDI.
In described B component, the consumption of polymeric MDI is the 40%-150% of A component total amount, during use, A, B component are mixed, be coated in uniformly fertilizer surface, after the A such as for some time, B component are fully reacted, by after C component heat fused, be sprayed onto uniformly A, B component surface, obtain required degradable resin coat.
Described C component comprises cetomacrogol 1000, Macrogol 2000, crystalline polyester polyvalent alcohol 1000, crystalline polyester polyvalent alcohol 2000, polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol 1000, polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol 2000 etc., preferentially select cetomacrogol 1000, Macrogol 2000.C component owing to thering is self-lubricating, film forming is simple, easily the feature of degraded, so fertilizer is coated as last tunic with it, can play the complete effect of whole film clothing that makes, raising slow-release fertilizer time of releasing.
The consumption of described C component is the 1%-3% of the total consumption of fertilizer.Preferably 1.5%.
Embodiment
Polyether glycol 4110 (the federal chemical Industrial Co., Ltd of Zibo moral letter, hydroxyl value 450mgKOH/g) polyester polyol 315B (development area, Langfang Si Kerui urethane company limited, phthalic anhydride polyester, hydroxyl value 315mgKOH/g)
Vegetable oil polyol 280 (development area, Langfang Si Kerui urethane company limited, hydroxyl value 280mgKOH/g) Viscotrol C (GB)
Talcum powder (1250 order)
Starch
DBP
Glycol ether
Macrogol 2000 (the federal chemical Industrial Co., Ltd of Zibo moral letter, molecular weight 2000)
Catalyzer C-5 (self-control, according to the needs of reaction times length, with N, N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, trolamine, triethylene diamine be composite use by a certain percentage)
44V20 (Bayer) (polymeric MDI, NCO content 30%-32%)
Defoamer 8830 (Nanjing Dymatic Shichuang Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Pigment (medium chrome yellow medium yellow)
Case study on implementation
In proportion by 60 kilograms of Viscotrol C, 41105 kilograms, 15 kilograms of 315B, 10 kilograms of DBP, 1 kilogram of talcum powder, 3 kilograms of starch, 5 kilograms of glycol ethers, 2 kilograms of pigment, 88300.6 kilograms, join in reactor and be warming up to 100 degree, below negative pressure 0.08MPA, vacuumize dehydration 2 hours, be cooled to room temperature and add catalyst compounded 5 kilograms, discharging becomes A component.
Take out 104 kilograms of B components stand-by.
To in rotary drum, 1 kilogram of required coated urea be preheating to 45-55 degree Celsius, after being mixed in mass ratio at 1: 1, A, B component be sprayed on uniformly batching surface by nozzle, each emitted dose is 10 grams of left and right, after last time, resin surface was dry, sprays next time, and injecting times is 3 times.After A, B component are dried, will after C component heat fused, be sprayed on A, B component surface, emitted dose is 15 grams, obtains required slow-release fertilizer
The invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
All or part of step in the embodiment of the present invention, can utilize software to realize, and corresponding software program can be stored in the storage media can read, as CD or hard disk etc.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. a method of preparing slow-release fertilizer, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
In rotary drum, required coated fertilizer is preheating to 45-55 degree Celsius, A, B component are sprayed on to fertilizer surface uniformly by nozzle after mixing, each emitted dose is 1% left and right of fertilizer total mass, until last time A, B component after fully reacting, spray next time, injecting times is 2-8 time.Then will after C component heat fused, be sprayed on A, B component surface, emitted dose is 1.5% of fertilizer total mass, obtains required product
2. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described A component mainly forms with other auxiliary agent configurations such as polyvalent alcohol (polyether glycol, polyester polyol, vegetable oil polyol), chainextender, catalyzer, softening agent, perforate material, defoamer, pigment.
3. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, specifically consisting of of described A component, polyvalent alcohol accounts for the 57%-92.39% (wherein vegetable oil polyol accounts for the more than 50% of polyvalent alcohol total mass) of A component total amount, chainextender accounts for the 0.5%-6% of A component total amount, softening agent accounts for the 3%-10% of A component total amount, catalyzer accounts for the 0.1%-6% of A component total amount, perforate material accounts for the 3%-15% of A component total amount, defoamer accounts for the 0.01%-1% of A component total amount, and pigment accounts for the 1%-5% of A component total amount.
4. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described polyvalent alcohol take vegetable oil polyol as main, the consumption of vegetable oil polyol will account for the more than 50% of the total consumption of polyvalent alcohol, comprise soybean oil polyvalent alcohol, Viscotrol C, plam oil polyvalent alcohol etc., and polyether glycol and polyester polyol.Polyether glycol be glycerine, sucrose, glycol ether, tetramethylolmethane, aniline, quadrol etc. at least to contain 2 raw materials more than reactive hydrogen be the synthetic polyether glycol of initiator, hydroxyl value is chosen in the scope of 50-700mgKOH/g.The product that polyester polyol selection phthalic anhydride or hexanodioic acid and glycol ether or glycerine reaction obtain, hydroxyl value is chosen in the scope of 50-450mgKOH/g.
5. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described chainextender comprises alcohols or the amine that glycol ether, glycerine, BDO, hexylene glycol, tetramethylolmethane, ethylene glycol, quadrol, trolamine, diethanolamine, phenylenediamine etc. contain 2 or 2 above reactive hydrogens.Preferential select a kind of or wherein several composite of glycol ether, glycerine, trolamine, diethanolamine.
6. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described catalyzer comprises N, one or more of N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, trolamine, triethylene diamine, two (dimethylamino ethyl) ether, stannous octoate, dibutyl tin laurate, two morpholine Anaesthetie Ethers, preferential triethylene diamine, trolamine, N, one or more of N-dimethylcyclohexylamine selected.
7. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described softening agent comprises clorafin, DBP, DOP, epoxy soybean oil, adipic acid ester, azelate, sebate triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tributyl citrate, tri(2-ethylhexyl)acetocitrate epoxy Toenol 1140, epoxyoleic acid butyl ester, octyl epoxy stearate, epoxidation tri-glyceride, epoxy tetrahydro-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dibutyl maleate, dioctyl maleate, vinylformic acid/methacrylic acid polyol ester, fumarate, itaconic ester, unsaturated polyester resin, microcrystalline wax etc., the preferential microcrystalline wax of selecting, DBP, DOP, one or more mixing of epoxy soybean oil.
8. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described perforate material comprises the materials such as starch, flour, talcum powder, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, preferentially selects starch, flour and talcous one or more materials.
9. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described defoamer is organosilicone surfactants.
10. the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described B component is polymeric MDI, comprises that 44V20, M20S, PM-200's is wherein a kind of.Preferential selective polymerization MDI.
11. according to the method for preparing slow-release fertilizer described in claim 1 or 10, it is characterized in that, in described B component, the consumption of polymeric MDI is the 40%-150% of A component total amount.
12. methods of preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described C component comprises cetomacrogol 1000, Macrogol 2000, crystalline polyester polyvalent alcohol 1000, crystalline polyester polyvalent alcohol 2000, polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol 1000, polytetrahydrofuran polyvalent alcohol 2000 etc., preferentially select cetomacrogol 1000, Macrogol 2000.
13. methods of preparing slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described will A, B component is sprayed on fertilizer surface uniformly by nozzle after mixing, each emitted dose is 1% left and right of fertilizer total mass, until A, B component, after fully reacting, spray, injecting times is 2-8 time next time.Finally will after C component heat fused, be sprayed on A, B component surface, emitted dose is 1.5% of fertilizer total mass.
CN201210312877.5A 2012-08-30 2012-08-30 Preparation method for slow-release fertilizer Pending CN103626569A (en)

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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104151073A (en) * 2014-08-11 2014-11-19 中国地质大学(武汉) Preparation method of coated sustained-release fertilizer
CN104151520A (en) * 2014-07-22 2014-11-19 武汉诺唯凯生物材料有限公司 Preparation method of modified starch on basis of vegetable fat plasticizer
CN106542896A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-03-29 安徽科技学院 A kind of preparation method of light-duty resistance to compression Granular sludge roof greening matrix
CN106550796A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-05 安徽科技学院 A kind of preparation method of sludge organism charcoal base roof greening substrate
CN109867562A (en) * 2018-04-12 2019-06-11 宋继宏 A kind of slow-release or control-release fertilizer preparation method for material
CN110218121A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-10 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 A kind of release and release control fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN110357708A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-10-22 河北科技大学 A kind of preparation method of slow-release carbamide
CN116082084A (en) * 2023-01-18 2023-05-09 北京市农林科学院 Interpenetrating network vegetable oil-based resin coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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CN101323545A (en) * 2008-07-18 2008-12-17 中国农业大学 Degradable polymer-coated controlled-release fertilizer and its preparation method and special coating material
CN101503330A (en) * 2009-03-06 2009-08-12 上海师范大学 Efficient coated control release urea and preparation thereof
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104151520A (en) * 2014-07-22 2014-11-19 武汉诺唯凯生物材料有限公司 Preparation method of modified starch on basis of vegetable fat plasticizer
CN104151073A (en) * 2014-08-11 2014-11-19 中国地质大学(武汉) Preparation method of coated sustained-release fertilizer
CN104151073B (en) * 2014-08-11 2016-04-27 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of preparation method of film-coated and slow release fertilizer
CN106542896A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-03-29 安徽科技学院 A kind of preparation method of light-duty resistance to compression Granular sludge roof greening matrix
CN106550796A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-04-05 安徽科技学院 A kind of preparation method of sludge organism charcoal base roof greening substrate
CN109867562A (en) * 2018-04-12 2019-06-11 宋继宏 A kind of slow-release or control-release fertilizer preparation method for material
CN110218121A (en) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-10 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 A kind of release and release control fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN110218121B (en) * 2019-06-26 2021-11-02 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 A kind of controlled release fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN110357708A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-10-22 河北科技大学 A kind of preparation method of slow-release carbamide
CN116082084A (en) * 2023-01-18 2023-05-09 北京市农林科学院 Interpenetrating network vegetable oil-based resin coated controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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