CN103619578B - Composite and the structure member of automobile - Google Patents
Composite and the structure member of automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103619578B CN103619578B CN201280014909.1A CN201280014909A CN103619578B CN 103619578 B CN103619578 B CN 103619578B CN 201280014909 A CN201280014909 A CN 201280014909A CN 103619578 B CN103619578 B CN 103619578B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005770 birds nest Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005765 wild carrot Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 176
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite (1,6,8,10,12,14,16,18) that exist, that be made up of the multiple coatings being stacked of plane with coating material form, this composite is used for manufacturing the structure member (20) of structure member (20), particularly automobile, and this composite includes at least one metal level (2,3) and at least one fiber strengthened plastic layer (4,4 ', 7,1,13,15).On the other hand the intensity of structure member can be improved in order to the weight of the structure member being made up of this composite on the one hand can be reduced in the case of reducing component costs, it is provided with, makes fiber strengthened plastic layer (4,4 ', 7,11,13,15) have the basic unit of mixture based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or these materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material in the form of a coating material, consisting of a plurality of flat layers stacked one on top of the other, for producing structural parts, in particular structural parts of a motor vehicle, by deformation, comprising at least one metal layer and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer. The invention also relates to a structural component made of such a composite material.
Background
For different applications, lightweight components are required, and the weight does not need to be a burden on the strength of the components. Thus, DE 60011917T 2 discloses a composite material and a structural part made of the composite material, which has two metal covering layers, between which a fiber-reinforced plastic layer is arranged. Furthermore, DE 10221582 a1 discloses a vehicle body part with a metal layer and a fiber-reinforced plastic layer.
In the manufacture of automobiles, weight savings and component strength are of great importance. For safety purposes, care must be taken to avoid component failure during normal operation and to be able to withstand high forces and to divert them in the event of a crash. At the same time, a high emphasis must be placed on cost-effectiveness, in particular in the automotive industry, with the structural components being manufactured at ever lower costs. To meet this feature, further optimization in respect of known composite materials is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to improve and further develop the composite material and the structural component described at the outset and described in detail above in such a way that, with a reduction in component costs, on the one hand the weight of the structural component can be reduced and, on the other hand, the strength and/or rigidity of the structural component can be increased.
The object is achieved in the case of a composite material for producing structural parts, which is in the form of a coating material and is composed of a plurality of planar superimposed coatings, which composite material comprises at least one metal layer and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer, by providing the fiber-reinforced plastic layer with a base layer based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or mixtures of these substances.
In addition, the aforementioned object is achieved in terms of a structural component, in particular a structural component of a motor vehicle, based on a structural component made of a composite material which is designed according to several embodiments described below.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the composite material is a composite material for producing structural parts, which is in the form of a coating material and is composed of a plurality of flat, superimposed coatings, and which comprises at least one metal layer and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer, which has a base layer based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or mixtures of these substances.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one polyamide-based fiber-free plastic layer is provided.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the base layer of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer and/or the at least one fiber-free plastic layer comprises polyethylene.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the base layer of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer and/or the at least one fiber-free plastic layer has styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA).
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fiber fraction of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer in the composite material is between 5% and 40% by volume.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fiber fraction is between 5% and 20% by volume.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one of the fiber-reinforced plastic layers comprises inorganic fibers, such as glass fibers and boron fibers, organic fibers, such as carbon fibers and protein fibers, and/or plastic fibers, such as aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fiber portion of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer is present as a bird's nest, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a fiber web and/or a unidirectional layer.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one metal layer is made of a steel or aluminum material.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one metal layer has a tensile strength of less than 450 MPa.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one metal layer has a thickness of between 0.1mm and 1 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the metal layer has a thickness of at most 0.75 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one metal layer has depressions, embossings and/or openings.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one metal layer has a proportion of up to 50% by volume in the composite material.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the composite material has an overall thickness of between 0.5mm and 4.0 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the overall thickness is between 1.0mm and 3.0 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, an adhesion promoter layer is arranged on one side next to the fiber-reinforced or fiber-free plastic layer and on the other side next to the at least one metal layer.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the adhesion promoter layer has a thickness of 0.01mm and 0.05 mm.
It is known according to the invention that the material properties of composite materials and structural parts can be influenced in a very cost-effective manner, on the one hand in terms of weight reduction and on the other hand in terms of increased strength and/or increased rigidity, by using a base layer of fiber-reinforced plastic layers based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or mixtures of these substances. Fiber-reinforced plastic layers on the one hand allow low costs and on the other hand allow such high strength and/or rigidity that the strength and/or rigidity requirements for the metal layers are reduced. The metal layer can therefore be composed of a low-cost metal with a thin layer thickness. The costs of the composite material and the structural part are saved overall even in comparison with composite materials having less expensive fiber-reinforced plastic layers.
Another advantage of the composite material and the structural component is that the composite material and the structural component can be coated, in particular cathodically electrophoretically coated.
Within the scope of the present invention, a coating material is understood to be a composite material which consists of a planar, superimposed plurality of layers. For this purpose, the coatings preferably have a constant or at least uniform layer thickness. The structural component is preferably manufactured from a composite material by deformation.
In the present invention, for example, a traveling mechanism part, a floor panel assembly, a door impact beam, a roof reinforcement panel, a window frame reinforcement panel, a bumper beam, an a pillar reinforcement panel, a door B pillar reinforcement panel, a door C pillar reinforcement panel, an a pillar, a door B pillar, a door C pillar, an instrument panel holder, a battery case, an oil tank, a water tank, a spare tire groove, and the like are regarded as structural parts. Although the housing has no supporting function in the first place during normal operation of the motor vehicle, visible housing parts of the motor vehicle can also be understood as structural parts if desired. However, structural components having a bearing function and/or for absorbing and/or transmitting forces acting on the vehicle in the event of a crash are particularly appreciated because of the material properties. Frame cross members, subframe frames, guide rods, pivot bearings, stabilizers, engine brackets, twist beam axles, wheel guide modules and/or wheel discs are particularly suitable as part of the running gear. The chassis component is generally a component which is functionally related to the chassis and the dynamic behavior of the vehicle and therewith the safety requirements of the vehicle. Trucks, such as trucks, buses and tractors, are also understood as automobiles in this context. Rail vehicles and applications in aviation and space travel are also suitable.
The composite materials and the corresponding structural components can also be used in construction technology, for example in elevators, but also in installations using renewable energy sources (for example wind power and solar heat). In principle all applications are possible which require a movement of the substance and which require a reduction in weight in the case of high strength and/or rigidity.
The metal layer is preferably provided as an outer coating, since the metal layer can protect the fiber-reinforced plastic layer against adverse impacts from the outside (e.g. impacts), increased temperatures and similar effects. In order to achieve a force distribution in the structural component that is as uniform and symmetrical as possible or in order to be able to protect both sides of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer against impacts from the outside, two metal layers can be provided, which are then preferably provided as an outer coating of the composite structure. Furthermore, these exterior coatings may advantageously affect the deformation of the composite material into a structural component. When using a plurality of metal layers, it is expedient for the reasons mentioned and from the production-technical point of view if the plurality of metal layers have the same thickness and/or the same material.
Furthermore, the one or more metal layers ensure a safety function and prevent a complete failure of the structural component, when the fiber-reinforced plastic layer fails already under a small tension.
In a first preferred embodiment of the composite material, at least one fiber-free plastic layer is still provided. The fiber-free plastic layer can be formed in such a way that it can withstand high tensile forces and thus likewise prevents complete failure. The fiber-free plastic layer can alternatively or additionally also be used for absorbing pressure. In principle, this applies when the at least one fiber-free plastic layer is likewise based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or mixtures of these substances. This improves the characteristics of the composite structure and/or the adhesion and the connection between the fiber-reinforced plastic layer and the fiber-free plastic layer when they are arranged next to one another as is preferred. It is preferred in particular when the plastic of the fiber-free plastic layer and the plastic of the base layer of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer are of the same type or are completely the same.
The substrate, preferably a polyamide-based, fiber-reinforced plastic layer, and/or the fiber-free plastic layer can preferably comprise Polyethylene (PE). Polyamide (PA) and polyethylene do not constitute separate coatings for this purpose. But a so-called baffle plate made of said plastic. Polyethylene is advantageous for the processability, in particular the deformability, of the composite material, in particular because of its temperature-dependent properties. The proportion of polyethylene in the plastic substrate or plastic layer can be 3 to 40 wt.%, preferably 5 to 20 wt.%.
The base layer of the plastic layer and/or the fiber-free plastic layer may alternatively or additionally have Styrene Maleic Anhydride (SMA) to improve the adhesion properties of the respective layer. This is the case in particular when other components, such as polyethylene, are added to the polyamide, which components have reduced adhesion properties. Adhesion, particularly on metal layers, can be problematic. The decomposition is improved by the addition of styrene-maleic anhydride so that the other components are more homogeneously distributed in the polyamide. This is the case in particular with respect to the polyethylene added. The proportion of styrene-maleic anhydride in the plastic substrate or plastic layer can be from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 5% by weight.
The fiber content of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer in the fiber-reinforced plastic layer is not higher than 65% by volume and the fiber content in the composite material is between 5% and 40% by volume, preferably between 5% and 20% by volume, in particular between 5% and 15% by volume, in order to achieve good strength, rigidity and/or processability of the composite material.
Inorganic fibers, organic fibers and/or plastic fibers are suitable as fibers of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, more precisely depending on the desired properties, respectively. Glass fibers, boron fibers and basalt fibers are preferably used as the inorganic fibers, and carbon fibers and protein fibers are particularly suitable as the organic fibers. Aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers are suitable as plastic fibers.
Furthermore, the properties of the composite material and the structural component can be adjusted by the type of arrangement of the fibers in the base layer of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer. In principle, it can be provided either isotropically or anisotropically, possibly because the tensile strength should be isotropic or anisotropic. The fibers can be distributed randomly or can be present in the fiber-reinforced plastic layer in a regular manner, preferably as a bird nest, a knit, a fabric, a fiber web and/or a unidirectional layer. In particular, in the unidirectional layers, the maximum tensile strength of the structural component, in particular with regard to tensile forces, can be set in the preferred direction of the fibers. In addition to this, particularly complex structural components can be produced without difficulty by deformation when the fibers are unidirectional and the beads extend substantially parallel to the direction of the fibers.
For reasons of material properties and cost, it is suitable if the at least one metal layer is made of steel (e.g. carbon steel or stainless steel) or an aluminum material. Aluminum is not preferable in terms of cost but preferable in terms of weight relative to steel.
Due to the high tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, it is suitable if the metal layer has a tensile strength which corresponds at its maximum to the tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, in particular a tensile strength of at most 700MPa, preferably at most 650MPa and particularly preferably less than 450 MPa. The less the tensile strength requirements of the metal layer, the more low cost metals can be used. The quality of the steel in this article may be DX 56, HX 220 BD, HC 340 LA and HCT 600X.
Due to the high tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer, a very thin metal layer may alternatively or additionally be provided, which may have a thickness of between 0.1mm and 1mm, preferably a maximum of 0.75 mm.
In order to save metal and thus weight and/or cost, at least one metal layer may have recesses, embossments and/or openings. These recesses, embossments and/or openings are then preferably arranged uniformly distributed over the entire metal layer.
In order to save metal and thus weight and/or cost, at least one metal layer may alternatively have a proportion of at most 50% by volume relative to the composite material. Alternatively or additionally, provision may be made for the cross section of the composite material to have a maximum metal content of 50%.
In order to keep the weight and the cost of the composite material as a whole low, the overall thickness of the composite material may be between 0.5mm and 4.0mm, in particular between 1.0mm and 3.0 mm.
Adhesion between metal and plastic in the composite material can be improved when an adhesion promoter layer, in particular having a thickness of 0.01mm and 0.05mm, is arranged on one side next to the fiber-reinforced or fiber-free plastic layer and on the other side next to the at least one metal layer.
The advantages of the invention are illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The tensile strength R of the composite material given in table 2, having two outer metal layers with a thickness t =0.25mm, two fiber-reinforced plastic layers with a thickness t =0.25mm adjoining the metal layers, and an intermediate fiber-free plastic layer with a thickness t =0.5, was obtained by calculation using the cross-sectional ratios (mixtures) of the metal layers according to table 1m。
The fiber-reinforced plastic layer has a polyamide base layer and a structure with mutually orthogonally extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45% by volume. The tensile strength and density of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer are Rm=785MPa and ρ =1.43g/cm3. The tensile strength of the fiber-free plastic layer made of polyamide is not taken into account in the calculation.
Table 1 (Steel)
| Quality of steel | Tensile strength Rm[MPa] |
| DX 56 | 260 |
| HX 220 BD | 320 |
| HC 340 LA | 410 |
| HCT 600 X | 600 |
Table 2 (composite material)
| Quality of steel | Tensile strength Rm[MPa] |
| DX 56 | 523 |
| HX 220 BD | 553 |
| HC 340 LA | 444 |
| HCT 600 X | 618 |
Example 2
For a composite material with a layer thickness t =1.5mm, having two outer metal layers, an intermediate fiber-reinforced plastic layer based on polyamide and two fiber-free plastic layers based on polyamide between the two metal layers, the layer thickness t is dependent on the individual metal layersMSOn the other hand, the layer thickness t of the fiber-reinforced plastic layerFKThe tensile strengths given in tables 3 and 4 were obtained by calculation. The material of the metal layer and the material of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer correspond to those in example 1. The tensile strength of the fiber-free plastic layer made of polyamide is not taken into account in the calculation.
Table 3
Table 4
Drawings
The invention will be elucidated in detail below on the basis of a drawing which only describes an embodiment. Wherein,
FIGS. 1 to 8 show in schematic views the coating structure of eight embodiments of the composite material according to the invention and
fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a structural component according to the invention in a perspective view.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a coating structure of a composite material 1 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Next to the metal layers 2, 3, fiber-reinforced plastic layers 4, 4' are provided, which consist of a polyamide-based base layer and a fiber structure introduced therein. The core layer in the form of the fiber-free plastic layer 5 is surrounded by fiber-reinforced plastic layers 4, 4'.
Fig. 2 shows a coating structure of a composite material 6 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. In the present exemplary embodiment, two fiber-free plastic layers 5, 5' are provided next to the metal layers 2, 3, which layers adjoin from both sides to a fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7. The fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7 has a polyamide base layer and a structure with mutually orthogonally extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45% by volume. The tensile strength and density of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer are Rm=785MPa and ρ =1.43g/cm3。
Fig. 3 shows a coating structure of a composite material 8 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer covering layers. In the present exemplary embodiment, two fiber-free plastic layers 5, 5' are provided next to the metal layers 2, 3, which layers adjoin one another on both sides to a fiber-reinforced plastic layer 4. The fiber-reinforced plastic layer 4 is formed in this case by a fiber structure in the polyamide-based base layer.
Fig. 4 shows a coating structure of a composite material 10 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Between the two outer cover layers there is a core layer of fiber-reinforced plastic 11. The substrate consists of a polyamide-based plastic in which short fibers are distributed in a preferred direction.
Fig. 5 shows a coating structure of a composite material 12 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Between the two outer cover layers there is a core layer of fiber-reinforced plastic 13. The base layer is composed of a polyamide-based plastic in which fibers are arranged in a randomly distributed manner.
Fig. 6 shows a coating structure of a composite material 14 having two outer metal layers 2, 3 as outer cover layers. Between the two outer cover layers there is a core layer which is formed from three separate layers of mutually adhering fiber-reinforced plastic 15. The coating of these fiber-reinforced plastic layers 15 can optionally be of the same or different design with respect to the polyamide-based coating and with respect to the type and arrangement of the fiber material.
Fig. 7 shows a coating structure of the composite material 16 according to example 1. The outer cover layer is formed from identical metal layers 2, 3, each having a layer thickness of 0.25 mm. On the inner side of the outer cover layer, fiber-reinforced plastic layers 7, 7' are provided, each having a layer thickness of 0.25mm, which are connected to the metal layer via an adhesion promoter 17. In this case, the fiber-reinforced plastic layers 7, 7' have a polyamide base layer and a structure with mutually orthogonally extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45% by volume. The fiber-reinforced plastic layers 7, 7' have a tensile strength and a density Rm=785MPa and ρ =1.43g/cm3. The core layer consists of a 0.5mm thick, fiber-free, polyamide layer 5. Since the plastic and fiber-free of the fiber-reinforced plastic layers 7, 7The plastics of the plastic layers 5 of the dimension are of the same type, if not identical, so that no adhesive is required for adhering the plastic layers 5, 7' to one another.
Fig. 8 shows a coating structure of the composite material 18 according to example 2. The outer cover layer consists of identical metal layers 2, 3, each having a layer thickness of 0.5mm or 0.75 mm. On the inner side of the outer cover layers, fiber-free polyamide layers 5, 5' are provided, which adhere to the metal layers 2, 3 without the use of an adhesion promoter. The core layer consists of a fiber-reinforced polyamide-based plastic layer 7. The fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7 has a polyamide base layer and a structure with mutually orthogonally extending carbon fibers and a fiber content of 45% by volume. The fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7 has a tensile strength and a density Rm=785MPa and ρ =1.43g/cm3. Since the plastic of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer 7 and the plastic of the fiber-free plastic layers 5, 5' are of the same type, if not identical, no adhesive is required for adhering the plastic layers to one another.
Fig. 9 shows a structural component 20 formed by deformation from a composite material of the type described above. In this case a tunnel stiffener.
Claims (23)
1. Composite material (1, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) in the form of a coating material consisting of a plurality of flat layers stacked one on top of the other for producing a structural component (20), comprising at least one metal layer (2, 3) and at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4 ', 7, 11, 13, 15), characterized in that the fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4', 7, 11, 13, 15) has a base layer based on polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and/or mixtures of these substances, and the metal layer has a tensile strength which corresponds at its maximum to the tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced plastic layer.
2. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one polyamide-based, fibre-free plastic layer (5, 5') is provided.
3. Composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that the base layer of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4 ', 7, 11, 13, 15) and/or the at least one fiber-free plastic layer (5, 5') is of polyethylene.
4. Composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that the base layer of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4 ', 7, 11, 13, 15) and/or the at least one fiber-free plastic layer (5, 5') has styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA).
5. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber fraction of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4', 7, 11, 13, 15) in the composite material is between 5 and 40 vol.%.
6. Composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that the fiber fraction of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4', 7, 11, 13, 15) in the composite material is between 5 and 20 vol.%.
7. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4', 7, 11, 13, 15) has inorganic fibers, organic fibers.
8. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4', 7, 11, 13, 15) has plastic fibers.
9. The composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that the inorganic fibers are glass fibers and boron fibers.
10. Composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that the organic fibers are carbon fibers, protein fibers.
11. The composite material of claim 8, wherein the plastic fibers are aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers.
12. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber part of the at least one fiber-reinforced plastic layer (4, 4 ', 7, 15) is present as a bird's nest, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a fiber web and/or a unidirectional layer.
13. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one metal layer (2, 3) consists of a steel or aluminum material.
14. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one metal layer (2, 3) has a tensile strength of less than 450 MPa.
15. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one metal layer (2, 3) has a thickness between 0.1mm and 1 mm.
16. The composite material according to claim 15, wherein the metal layer has a thickness of at most 0.75 mm.
17. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one metal layer (2, 3) has recesses, embossments and/or openings.
18. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one metal layer (2, 3) has a fraction of up to 50% by volume in the composite material.
19. Composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that said composite material (1, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) has an overall thickness comprised between 0.5mm and 4.0 mm.
20. Composite according to claim 19, characterized in that the overall thickness of the composite (1, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) is between 1.0mm and 3.0 mm.
21. Composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that an adhesion promoter layer (17) is arranged on one side next to the fiber-reinforced plastic layers (4, 4 ', 7, 11, 13, 15) or the fiber-free plastic layers (5, 5') and on the other side next to the at least one metal layer.
22. The composite of claim 21 wherein the adhesion promoter layer has a thickness of 0.01mm and 0.05 mm.
23. A structural part (20) of a motor vehicle made of a composite material, characterized in that the composite material is a composite material (1, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18) according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011015071.4 | 2011-03-24 | ||
| DE201110015071 DE102011015071A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Composite material and structural component for a motor vehicle |
| PCT/EP2012/054940 WO2012126923A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2012-03-21 | Composite material and structural component for a motor vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103619578A CN103619578A (en) | 2014-03-05 |
| CN103619578B true CN103619578B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5164141A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1992-11-17 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the continuous production of laminated sheets |
| EP1454737A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite material and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1590452A (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Composition of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer |
| CN101076562A (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2007-11-21 | 拜尔材料科学股份公司 | Glass fiber reinforced polymer composition |
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5164141A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1992-11-17 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the continuous production of laminated sheets |
| EP1454737A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-08 | Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite material and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1590452A (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Composition of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer |
| CN101076562A (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2007-11-21 | 拜尔材料科学股份公司 | Glass fiber reinforced polymer composition |
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