A kind of DDT, DDD of carbon 13 marks and the synthetic method of DDE
Technical field
The invention belongs to isotope-labeled compou nd synthesis technical field, be specifically related to a kind of DDT, DDD of carbon 13 marks and the synthetic method of DDE.
Technical background
Compound isotopically labelled, as tracer reagent, is widely used in the research fields such as pharmacology, biology, chemistry and environmentalism.This technology is that detectable radioactivity or nonradioactive isotope are inserted in chemistry, biology or physical system, and marker research material, to follow the trail of the scientific method of process, operation conditions or the research structure of matter etc. that occur.Isotopic tracer technique, by analyzing information and the data that obtain, is illustrated motion and the Changing Pattern of material in the various complex systems of nature.Have sensitive, accurately and resolving power is high and the feature such as somatometry.In agricultural and bio-science research, be the important means of direct or indirect acquired information and foundation, aspect some research, demonstrating the irreplaceable advantage of other technologies.The compound of cold labeling, in synthetic and use procedure, does not have radioactive ray to produce, not stricter to the requirement of shelter of experiment condition and experimentation, therefore uses extensive gradually.
DDTs, as a class persistence organochlorine contamination thing, even produces physiological action under ultra-trace concentration at trace, trace.International CCQM (CCQM) regulation: the unique authoritative measuring method of this compounds is isotopic dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS).Isotopic dilution method needs carbon stable isotope-13 or deuterated standard substance to detect as standard substance.Pesticide D-D T is one of organochlorine persistence organic pollutant that production and application is maximum, though completely forbidden use, but at present dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and major metabolite dichloro-diphenyl-dichlorothane and drip her and still exist in a large number in environment.Utilize the DDTs of cold labeling can disclose toxicity, degraded, the distribution of this class persistence organochlorine contamination thing, transfer ability and people and the exposed amount of wildlife to DDTs of long distance.
Stable isotope is as interior mark, is mainly to compose or liquid spectrum detects with high resolution mass spec is online by gas.As standard control thing, the carbonatoms of mark is more, detects Vietnamese side just, and tolerance range is better, and sensitivity is higher.For accurately checking, science the invention provides the pollution situation of DDT in environment and metabolite DDD, DDE a kind of synthetic
13c
6the method of the generally labelled DDT of-phenyl ring, DDD and DDE, promotes the research aspect persistence organic pollutant inspection.
The document of the synthetic DDTs of cold labeling at home and abroad not yet appears in the newspapers.Therefore the present invention intends by mark synthesizing mean, and the mark that utilizes stable isotope to carry out DDTs synthesizes.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of DDT, DDD of carbon 13 marks and the synthetic method of DDE, the molecular structure of its above-claimed cpd is as follows:
DDT, the DDD of carbon 13 marks and a synthetic method of DDE, comprise that step is as follows:
(1) with
13c
6-benzene is raw material, by oxi-chlorination, obtains
12c
6-chlorobenzene, then under catalyst action, carry out condensation reaction with trichoro-aldehyde hydrate or dichloro acetaldehyde hydrate respectively and make
13c
12-DDT or
13c
12-DDD;
(2)
13c
12-DDT makes by dehydrochlorination under phase-transfer catalyst effect
13c
12-DDE.
Described in step (1), the condition of oxi-chlorination is: chlorizating agent is chlorine, hydrochloric acid or sulfuryl chloride, oxygenant is more than one in phosphorus pentachloride, sulfur oxychloride, hydrogen peroxide, and catalyzer is bromination Shi six alkyl San Ding Ji Phosphonium, methyl tricapryl ammonium chloride, Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, polyoxyethylene glycol or polyglycol ether.
In described oxi-chlorination
13c
6the mol ratio of-benzene, chlorizating agent, oxygenant, catalyzer is 1~10:2~8:0.1~2.0:0.1~1; Temperature of reaction is 1~180 ℃, and the reaction times is 5~140 minutes.
Described in step (1), catalyzer is phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, formic acid or acetic acid.
Described in step (1), the temperature of condensation reaction is 0~50 ℃, and the reaction times is 0.5~4 hour.Trichoro-aldehyde hydrate or dichloro acetaldehyde hydrate with
12c
6the mol ratio of-chlorobenzene is 1~1.5:2.
Synthetic product in step (1)
13c
12-DDT and
13c
12the purification process of-DDD is: use CH
2cl
2extract product, extract 3 times, organic layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrates to obtain primary products, and the ethanol that is 2:1 through volume ratio and methylene dichloride mixed solvent recrystallization obtain sterling.
Described in step (2), phase-transfer catalyst is cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, benzyl triethyl ammonium bromide or Polyethylene Glycol-600, and catalyst levels accounts for
13c
121~10% of-DDT total amount.
Dehydrochlorination reaction condition described in step (2) is, acid binding agent is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, diethylamine or ammoniacal liquor, acid binding agent with
13c
12mol ratio 1~2:1 of-DDT, temperature of reaction is 0~210 ℃, reaction times 1~15h.
Product described in step (2)
13c
12the purification process of-DDE: 40~60 ℃ of hot washes, are dried to obtain head product, the ethanol that is 5:1 through volume ratio: methylene dichloride mixed solvent recrystallization obtains sterling.
Method of the present invention with
13c
6-benzene is raw material, by oxychlorination, obtains
12c
6-chlorobenzene, then can make through acid catalysis condensation with trichoro-aldehyde hydrate and dichloro acetaldehyde hydrate respectively
13c
12-DDT and
13c
12-DDD, and
13c
12-DDE is by phase-transfer catalyst pair
13c
12-DDT carries out catalysis dechlorination hydrogen method and makes.By nucleus magnetic hydrogen spectrum, high resolution mass spectrum, characterize, prove that product is
13c
12-DDT,
13c
12-DDD and
13c
12-DDE, and chemical purity reaches more than 90%, and stable isotope abundance is more than 90%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
13c
6synthesizing of-monochloro-benzene
In 100mL reaction flask, add 1.00g (11.9mmol)
13c
6-benzene, 8.12g (71.4mmol) hydrochloric acid and 0.38g Shi six alkyl San Ding Ji Phosphonium, stir in 10 ℃, slowly drips 1.52g sulfuryl chloride within half an hour, continues at this temperature, to react 10 minutes.Reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, separatory, and anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, distillation (normal pressure, 132 ℃) obtains product 1.21g (86%).
Embodiment 2
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (
13c
12-DDT)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.46g (3.88mmol)
13c
6-chlorobenzene, 0.32g (1.94mmol) trichoro-aldehyde hydrate and 1.9mL sulfuric acid, stir 5 hours in 30 ℃, then adds 9 grams of shrends reaction of going out, and uses 5mL CH at every turn
2cl
2extract product, extract 3 times, organic layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrates to obtain primary products, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=2:1) recrystallization, obtains sterling 0.52g (chemical yield 73%, isotropic substance yield 63%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.56-7.45(m,4H),7.33-7.25(m,4H),5.02(m,1H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
9 35Cl
4 37Cl,[M]
+:365.9520。Found:365.9513。
Embodiment 3
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-1,1-ethylene dichloride (
13c
12-DDD)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.23g (1.94mmol)
13c
6-chlorobenzene, 0.13g (0.97mmol) dichloro acetaldehyde hydrate and 0.9mL phosphoric acid, stir 8 hours in 30 ℃, then adds the 4.6 shrends reaction of going out, and uses 5mL CH at every turn
2cl
2extract product, extract 3 times, organic layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrates to obtain primary products, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=2:1) recrystallization, obtains sterling 0.23g (70%, isotropic substance yield 60%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.46-7.19(m,8H),6.29(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.56-4.53(m,1H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
10 35Cl
3 37Cl,[M]
+:331.9910。Found:331.9914。
Embodiment 4
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-vinylidene chloride (
13c
12-DDE)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.13g (0.34mmol)
13c
12-DDT and 1.5mg polyoxyethylene glycol-600, slowly dripped 4g30% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, in 10 ℃ of stirring reactions 8 hours, be cooled to room temperature, hot wash, is dried to obtain head product, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=5:1) recrystallization, obtain sterling 0.11g (96%, isotropic substance yield 60%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.47-7.12(m,8H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
8 35Cl
3 37Cl,[M]
+:329.9753。Found:329.9757。
Embodiment 5
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (
13c
12-DDT)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.46g (3.88mmol)
13c
6-chlorobenzene, 0.32g (1.94mmol) trichoro-aldehyde hydrate and 1.5mL phosphoric acid, stir 3 hours in 60 ℃, then adds 9 grams of shrends reaction of going out, and uses 5mL CH at every turn
2cl
2extract product, extract 3 times, organic layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrates to obtain primary products, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=2:1) recrystallization, obtains sterling 0.52g (73%, isotropic substance yield 63%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.56-7.45(m,4H),7.33-7.25(m,4H),5.02(m,1H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
9 35Cl
4 37Cl,[M]
+:365.9520。Found:365.9513。
Embodiment 6
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-1,1-ethylene dichloride (
13c
12-DDD)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.23g (1.94mmol)
13c
6-chlorobenzene, 0.13g (0.97mmol) dichloro acetaldehyde hydrate and 2.3mL phosphoric acid in then adding 4.6 grams of shrends reaction of going out, are used 5mL CH at every turn
2cl
2extract product, extract 3 times, organic layer anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrates to obtain primary products, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=2:1) recrystallization, obtains sterling 0.23g (70%, isotropic substance yield 60%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.46-7.19(m,8H),6.29(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.56-4.53(m,1H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
10 35Cl
3 37Cl,[M]
+:331.9910。Found:331.9914。
Embodiment 7
2,2-pair (4-chloro-phenyl--
13c
6)-vinylidene chloride (
13c
12-DDE)
In 50mL two-mouth bottle, add 0.13g (0.34mmol)
13c
12-DDT and 1.5mg polyoxyethylene glycol-600, slowly dripped 1g aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, in 130 ℃ of stirring reactions 10 hours, be cooled to room temperature, hot wash, is dried to obtain head product, through ethanol and methylene dichloride (V:V=5:1) recrystallization, obtain sterling 0.11g (96%, isotropic substance yield 60%).
1H?NMR(CDCl
3,300MHz)δ:7.47-7.12(m,8H);HRMS(EI,positive,m/z):calcd?mass?for
12C
2 13C
12H
8 35Cl
3 37Cl,[M]
+:329.9753。Found:329.9757。