CN103518616A - Method for breeding rice hybrid Y Liangyou 087 - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding a rice hybrid Y Liangyou 087. In the method, a breeding restorer, a safe space for hybrid breeding, time and space intervals, different seeding periods for breeding parental species, the seeding amount, an appropriate rice seedling row ratio, pest control, a gibberellin spraying technique, an impurity removing, rouging and purifying technique are adopted in the breeding process, an excellent two-line sterile line Y58S is taken as a female parent, and a self-fertile excellent restorer R087 is taken as a male parent in rice hybridization so as to breed the rice hybrid Y Liangyou 087. Rice which is good in leaf form, excellent, high in yield, appropriate in breeding period, wide in applicability and high in stress resistance can be planted from the hybrid, and moreover, the planted rice is good in quality, high in yield, high in nutrition value and applicable to popularization and planting, and the food demand of people can be well met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selection of hybrid rice seed, is the method for utilizing paddy rice two line method seed selection New Hybrid Rice Combination.
Background technology
Guangxi super hybridized rice seed selection research is started late, and the restriction due to aspects such as germplasm resource, study condition and ecotope are comparatively complicated, Breeding Progress is slower, the super hybridization rice kind of Guangxi popularizing planting mostly is outside the province and introduces at present, and the super hybridization rice variety source of suitable planted in different ecological areas plantation is comparatively deficient.For this reason, the super hybridized rice of each rice workspace plantation of the suitable Guangxi of seed selection and suitable rice market demand is to promoting the steady-state growth of rice in Guangxi province output, guaranteeing that local grain security has very important significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize heterosis, hybrid vigor theoretical, according to the ecological characteristic in Guangxi, collect the Elite restorer line in different ecological source, utilize sexual hybridization means, by recovering the merit of a plurality of restorers of cross method polymerization, the high-quality two-line sterile line that the inbred line of then directedly select that agronomic shape is good, good stability, rice are of fine quality and parents' affiliation are far away is hybridized, select that the leaf state of strain is good, high-quality, high yield, moderate growth duration, wide adaptability, strong stress resistance hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087.
The invention provides the selection of a kind of paddy rice hybrid Y two excellent 087, comprise seed selection restorer, the safe space of hybrid seeding, time and space every, the poor date of seeding of production of hybrid seeds Parent, sowing consumption, the suitable row ratio of rice transplanting, the extermination of disease and insect pest, " 920 " spray technology, production of hybrid seeds process roguing pure keeping technology, utilize two-line sterile line Y58S for hybrid rice seed maternal and that self-fertile high-quality restorer R087 is male parent combo paddy rice cross breeding incubation Y two excellent 087, in its Breeding Process, male parent restorer R087 used is the crossbreed with 9311/ survey 1012/ Fuhui 838 hybridization assembly, press pedigree method seed selection, through 8 generations, from seed selection, form, and maternal two-line sterile line Y58S Shi You used National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Interbreed Paddy introduces.Wherein the critical point temperature of fertility alteration of maternal two-line sterile line Y58S is 23 ℃, in order to ensure maternal one-tenth, educates rate, selects maternal breeding phase temperature to be not less than 23 ℃.In order to select best heading flowering period and reasonable arrangement Parent poor date of seeding, when arranging the maternal two-line sterile line Y58S production of hybrid seeds, should select as far as possible the pollination of weather period, grouting more stably to enrich, reduce as far as possible the impact of adverse weather.The Spring Rice production of hybrid seeds of osmanthus north, broadcasts female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding is as the criterion so that leaf is poor, and Parent leaf differs from 5.0 leaves; Osmanthus Zhong Guinan production of hybrid seeds summer and autumn, broadcasts female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding was as the criterion with the time difference, about 20 days time differences.In order to cultivate the healthy and strong seedlings of the many tillers of male parent and maternal of the right age strong seedling, preferably male parent divided for two phases, two phases each with 0.2 kg/acre, press the management by methods of water-raised seedling, impose in time tillering fertilizer, tiller short morning, low position tiller, cultivation is strengthened seedling with the male parent of 4～5 of tillers; According to female parent cultivation characteristic, 2 kilograms～2.5 kgs/acre of land for growing field crops kind amounts, light seeding water-raised seedling, cultivates of the right age strong seedling, and the many strains of 16～20 days length of time rice seedlings grow or 4.5～5.5 leaf ages are transplanted and are carried out Parent mixed year.For rational close planting in Parent crossover process and suitable row ratio, parental 2:10～14, male parent adopts the wrong root and stem of certain plants of wide duplicate rows or the transplanting of narrow duplicate rows isosceles triangle, 20 centimetres of line-spacings, 26～30 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 26～30 centimetres of Parent line spaces, plant 2000 strain left and right for every mu; 16.5 centimetres of 16.5 centimetres of maternal transplanting specification 16.5 cm x or 20 cm x, 2.6～2.8 meters of working paths that reserve 33 centimetres of Rice Cropping face width.In order to select efficiently the hybrid rice seed of good Y two excellent 087, need the rational application of fertilizer and science Guan Shui, select the upper method that adopts front short, middle control, rear benefit of fertilising, diazonium, phosphorus in earlier stage, mid-term inclined to one side potassium application; The water management that Parent is transplanted adopts shallow water rice transplanting, the light irrigation of tillering diligently reveals, enough seedling dry fields, have water booting, moistening grouting, male parent to carry out that height is fertile cultivates.For hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 grows better in Breeding Process, need timely and appropriate discovery to spray " 920 " and carry out artificial supplementary pollination Parent and transplant rear 8～12 grams of " 920 " total amounts of mu, female parent grow to the fringe phase 10%～15% time the spray of beginning, first and second single spraying female parents, 6～8 grams/acre of each sprays, spray for the third time 10 grams/acre, Parent is with spray, and the male parent of respraying; From fringe phase beginning to the whole artificial supplementary pollination in flowering stage every day at florescence of neat fringe, the principle of carrying out when male parent occurs containing flower, artificial supplementary pollination every day 2～3 times, continuous 7～8 days are adhered in artificial supplementary pollination.The key of the pest control after Parent is transplanted is rice fulgorid, leafhopper, the snout moth's larva in prometaphase, the rice fulgorid of middle and later periods in early stage, and rice kernel smut emphasis is done a good job of it fringe phase beginning and whole florescence 2 medications.In order to ensure the purity of the excellent 087 paddy rice cross breeding seed of Y two, we can also adopt the anti-assorted pure keeping of aggregate measures, strictly select highly purified parental seed simultaneously, and anti-falling stop field paddy seedling and previous crops standing grain root and stem of certain plants seedling Cheng Sui cause biology hybrid; Pull out External Characters and the variant plant of Parent such as form, breeding time whole breeding time, particularly begin fringe to before starting to contain and spending, the temperature sensitive strain of height in female parent and other polliniferous hybrid strain are pulled out in time, strengthen the removal of impurities dynamics with maternal identical fertile plant to the leaf state of strain.Conscientiously clear up harvesting machinery, after harvesting, seed wants special messenger to receive solarization, prevents from artificially becoming to mix again, guarantees seed quality.
Biomaterial Y58S, the R9311 the present invention relates to, survey 1012 and Fuhui 838 are all open at non-patent literature.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. output is higher: 2008 participate in region, Guangxi test result is 524.0 kilograms of average yield per mus, and excellent 63 (CK) of bit increase production 3.71%, 2009 year participates in retrial, 553.3 kilograms of per mu yields, and excellent 63 (CK) of bit increase production 2.01%.
2. meter matter is better: through Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervision inspection center (2009), detect brown rice rate 78.9%, head rice rate 63.7%, aspect ratio 2.8, chalk rice rate 24%, chalkiness degree 2.5%, 72 millimeters of glue denseness, amylose content 14.5%.Rice matter is more excellent.
3. better resistance: through Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi resistance (2008-2009): 5 grades of seedling leaf pest, rice blast resistance composite index 4.5～6.5; 5～7 grades, bacterial leaf-blight IV type, 7～9 grades of V-types.In recent years this combination strong stress resistance of middle field investigation is planted experimentally in experiment and demonstration and land for growing field crops, does not find rice blast and bacterial leaf-blight.
4. wide adaptability: according to authorization bulletin, Y two excellent 087 can do early rice in rice region in South of Guangxi, other rice workspaces suit measures to local conditions to do early rice or semilate rice plantation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification word.
Embodiment 1: the concrete Breeding Process of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 of the present invention
Y two excellent 087 is to be that female parent is that paternal hybrid is bred as with restorer R087 by two-line sterile line Y588, two-line sterile line Y58S Shi You National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Interbreed Paddy introduces, restorer R087 is the crossbreed with 9311/ survey 1012/ Fuhui 838 hybridization assembly, press pedigree method seed selection, through 8 generations, from seed selection, form.
Embodiment 2: the main point of production technology of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 of the present invention
(1) safety isolation: be greater than 500 meters with other non-hybrid seed production of hybrid seeds paddy rice space safety distance of the present invention, or the time be separated by 15 days above to the isolation of pollinating of Parent heading flowering period.
(2) the maternal fertility-sensitive period of scientific arrangement, guarantees maternal breeding stamen abortion: the critical point temperature of fertility alteration of maternal two-line sterile line Y588 is 23 ℃, and Guangxi can arrange north, osmanthus semilate rice, the osmanthus Zhong Guinan late rice production of hybrid seeds.Different regions is according to local meteorological data, and broadcasting, inserting the time of the scientific arrangement production of hybrid seeds, meets the needed temperature of Y58S fertility-sensitive period.In order to ensure maternal one-tenth, educate rate, in maternal breeding, during the phase, guarantee that temperature is not less than 23 ℃.
(3) select best heading flowering period, reasonable arrangement Parent poor date of seeding: when arranging the two-line sterile line Y58S production of hybrid seeds, should select as far as possible the pollination of weather period, grouting more stably to enrich, reduce as far as possible the impact of adverse weather.The Spring Rice production of hybrid seeds of osmanthus north, broadcasts female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding is as the criterion so that leaf is poor, and the time difference is for referencial use, and Parent leaf differs from 5.0 leaves; The Nan Xiaqiu production of hybrid seeds in osmanthus in osmanthus, broadcasts female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding was as the criterion with the time difference, about 20 days time differences.
(4) cultivate the healthy and strong seedling of the many tillers of male parent, maternal of the right age strong seedling: male parent divided for two phases, each press the management by methods of water-raised seedling with 0.2 kg/acre, imposes in time tillering fertilizer, tillers short morning, low position tiller, and cultivation is strengthened seedling with the male parent of 4～5 of tillers; According to female parent cultivation characteristic, 2 kilograms～2.5 kgs/acre of land for growing field crops kind amounts, light seeding water-raised seedling, cultivates of the right age strong seedling, and the many strains of 16～20 days length of time rice seedlings grow or 4.5～5.5 leaf ages are transplanted.
(5) rational close planting, suitable row ratio: parental 2:10～14, male parent adopts the wrong root and stem of certain plants of wide duplicate rows or the transplanting of narrow duplicate rows isosceles triangle, 20 centimetres of line-spacings, 26～30 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 26～30 centimetres of Parent line spaces, plant 2000 strain left and right for every mu; 16.5 centimetres of 16.5 centimetres of maternal transplanting specification 16.5 cm x or 20 cm x, 2.6～2.8 meters of working paths that reserve 33 centimetres of Rice Cropping face width are to facilitate artificial pollination, fertilising dispenser etc.
(6) rational application of fertilizer and science Guan Shui: in fertilising, adopt the method for front short, middle control, rear benefit, early stage diazonium, phosphorus, mid-term inclined to one side potassium application, high fertile the cultivation so that a large amount of good pollen to be provided of male parent.Water management adopts shallow water rice transplanting, the light irrigation of tillering diligently reveals, enough seedling dry fields, have the principle of water booting, moistening grouting.
(7) timely and appropriate discovery sprays " 920 ", carries out artificial supplementary pollination: 8～12 grams of " 920 " total amounts for mu, the spray of beginning when female parent grows to fringe phase 10%～15%, first and second single spraying female parents spray 6～8 grams/acre at every turn, spray for the third time 10 grams/acre, Parent is with spray, and the male parent of respraying.From fringe phase beginning to the whole artificial supplementary pollination in flowering stage every day at florescence of neat fringe, the principle of carrying out when male parent occurs containing flower, artificial supplementary pollination every day 2～3 times, continuous 7～8 days are adhered in artificial supplementary pollination.
(8) carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest: the key of pest control is rice fulgorid, leafhopper, the snout moth's larva in prometaphase, the rice fulgorid of middle and later periods in early stage, rice kernel smut emphasis is done a good job of it fringe phase beginning and whole florescence 2 medications.
(9) the anti-assorted pure keeping of aggregate measures: strictly select highly purified parental seed, anti-falling stop field paddy seedling and previous crops standing grain root and stem of certain plants seedling Cheng Sui cause biology hybrid; Pull out External Characters and the variant plant of Parent such as form, breeding time whole breeding time, particularly begin fringe to before starting to contain and spending, the temperature sensitive strain of height in female parent and other polliniferous hybrid strain are pulled out in time, strengthen the removal of impurities dynamics with maternal identical fertile plant to the leaf state of strain.Conscientiously clear up harvesting machinery, after harvesting, seed wants special messenger to receive solarization, prevents from artificially becoming to mix again, guarantees seed quality.
Embodiment 3: the culture technique of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087
(1) in good time early sowing, cultivate of the right age strong seedling: sowing at the beginning of south, osmanthus early rice late Febuary to 3 month, in osmanthus early March end to the middle ten days, the late March sowing of north, osmanthus.1 kg/acre of sowing consumption, executes 750 kgs/acre of farmyard manure rakes seedling and macerates.While broadcasting seedling, light seeding is even broadcasts, epiphragma seedling, and when rice shoot 1.5～2.0 leaf, 30 grams of every mu of use 15% paclobutrazols are watered and spray, and promote rice shoot short strong tillering, to note taking off film and ventilate, practice seedling.
(2) suitable thin planting, plugs together reason Basic Seedling: under high fertile condition, 20 centimetres of early rice transplanting density 23 cm x or 26 cm x are 16.5 centimetres, inserts 1.4～1.5 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, 20 centimetres of single cropping rice transplanting density 26 cm x, 1.25 ten thousand mu of left and right of every mu of transplanting for every mu.
(3) rational application of fertilizer, short large fringe: high rich water level planting is trained every mu and executed 15 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is advisable with 1:0.5:1, balance fertilizing.Fertilization principle: mend after steady in front urging, use sufficient base fertilizer, early execute the expense of chasing after, execute ingeniously ear manuer.
(4) scientific consumption of water: shallow water is transplanted, reveal tillering stage in conjunction with fertilising light irrigation is diligent, and mid-term is dry field moderately and at the right moment, and behind the peak of tillering, the average every root and stem of certain plants 13～14 seedlings or the single cropping rice 16～17 seedlings are up to ear differentiation initial stage appropriateness dry field control tiller control seedling; Timely rehydration of the ear differentiation fifth phase, keeps 1～2 centimetre of water layer; Later stage does to there being the neat fringe of water, and moistening strong seed is dry wet ripe.
(5) strengthen the extermination of disease and insect pest: the extermination of disease and insect pest accomplishes to put prevention first, integrated control.Note the control of the damage by disease and insect such as rice thrips, paddy stem borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid, banded sclerotial blight, rice blast.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in specification and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and the embodiment that illustrates with describe here.
Claims (9)
1. a selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087, is characterized in that, described Y two excellent 087 is to be that female parent is that paternal hybrid is bred as with restorer R087 by two-line sterile line Y58S.
2. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described male parent restorer R087 is with the crossbreed of 9311/ survey 1012/ Fuhui 838 hybridization assembly, presses pedigree method seed selection, through 8 generations, from seed selection, forms.
3. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the critical point temperature of fertility alteration of described maternal two-line sterile line Y58S is 23 ℃, selects maternal breeding phase temperature to be not less than 23 ℃.
4. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the Spring Rice production of hybrid seeds of osmanthus north is broadcast female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding is as the criterion so that leaf is poor, and Parent leaf differs from 5.0 leaves; Osmanthus Zhong Guinan production of hybrid seeds summer and autumn, broadcasts female parent after first broadcasting male parent, and Parent poor date of seeding was as the criterion with the time difference, about 20 days time differences.
5. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, is characterized in that, male parent divided for two phases, each presses the management by methods of water-raised seedling with 0.2 kg/acre, imposes in time tillering fertilizer, tiller short morning, low position tiller, cultivate the strong seedling of male parent with 4～5 of tillers; According to female parent cultivation characteristic, 2 kilograms～2.5 kgs/acre of land for growing field crops kind amounts, light seeding water-raised seedling, cultivates of the right age strong seedling, and the many strains of 16～20 days length of time rice seedlings grow or 4.5～5.5 leaf ages are transplanted and are carried out Parent mixed year.
6. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, parental 2:10～14, male parent adopts the wrong root and stem of certain plants of wide duplicate rows or the transplanting of narrow duplicate rows isosceles triangle, 20 centimetres of line-spacings, 26～30 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 26～30 centimetres of Parent line spaces, plant 2000 strain left and right for every mu; 16.5 centimetres of 16.5 centimetres of maternal transplanting specification 16.5 cm x or 20 cm x, 2.6～2.8 meters of working paths that reserve 33 centimetres of Rice Cropping face width.
7. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopts the method for front short, middle control, rear benefit in fertilising, diazonium, phosphorus in earlier stage, mid-term inclined to one side potassium application; The water management that described Parent is transplanted adopts shallow water rice transplanting, the light irrigation of tillering diligently reveals, enough seedling dry fields, have water booting, moistening grouting, the high fertile cultivation of described male parent.
8. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Parent is transplanted rear 8～12 grams of " 920 " total amounts of mu, female parent grow to the fringe phase 10%～15% time the spray of beginning, first and second single spraying female parents spray 6～8 grams/acre at every turn, spray for the third time 10 grams/acre, Parent is with spray, and the male parent of respraying; From fringe phase beginning to the whole artificial supplementary pollination in flowering stage every day at florescence of neat fringe, the principle of carrying out when male parent occurs containing flower, artificial supplementary pollination every day 2～3 times, continuous 7～8 days are adhered in artificial supplementary pollination.
9. the selection of hybrid rice seed Y two excellent 087 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the key that described Parent is transplanted rear pest control is rice fulgorid, leafhopper, the snout moth's larva in prometaphase, the rice fulgorid of middle and later periods in early stage, and rice kernel smut emphasis is done a good job of it fringe phase beginning and whole florescence 2 medications.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105145331A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Rice two-line sterile line breeding method |
| CN109673442A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-26 | 常德市农学会 | A kind of late hybrid rice is guaranteed the quality high-yield breeding method |
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| CN1836497A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2006-09-27 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of breeding method of wide adaptability hybrid rice |
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