CN103514637A - DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention method and device, and application system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention method and device, and an application system. The method comprises the following steps: the signal receiving step, wherein a RSU is used to receive microwave signals sent by OBUs; the positioning step, wherein the RSU is used to acquire the positioning information of the OBUs according to the microwave signals sent by the OBUs; the determining step, wherein the RSU is used to determine whether positions of the OBUs are in a default processing region according to the positioning information of the OBUs; and a processing step, wherein the RSU is used to give out a processing instruction according to a default scheme if the positions of the OBUs are in the default processing region. The method and device of the invention are used to determine whether a vehicle is a vehicle on the present channel or a vehicle on an adjacent channel through the vehicle positioning technology, and process the vehicle on the present channel according to the determination result to make the normal interaction process between the OBU on the vehicle on the present channel and the RSU will not be interfered by the OBU on vehicle on an adjacent channel, so that the vehicle adjacent channel interference problem can be effectively solved, and the probability of error handling can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of Intelligent Transportation (ITS), in particular to an adjacent channel interference prevention method and device based on a Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) and a DSRC application System.
Background
ETC Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) systems and the like adopt DSRC key equipment roadside Units (RSU: Road Side Unit) and On-board Units (OBU: On-board Units) to charge, detect, monitor or manage vehicles, and sometimes have the adjacent channel interference problem in the operation process: that is, when the RSU performs information interaction with the OBU on the vehicle in the lane, the vehicle in the adjacent lane may also enter the signal coverage area of the RSU, and transmit information to the RSU through its OBU at the same time, which may cause interference in the normal interaction process between the OBU and the RSU on the vehicle in the lane, for example, in the ETC system, the interference may sometimes cause charging errors, detection errors, and the like, for example, the charging is repeated for some vehicles, and the charging is not performed for some vehicles.
In order to ensure the normal operation of the DSRC application system, the problem of preventing adjacent channel interference needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention method and device with good anti-interference performance and a DSRC application system.
According to a first aspect of the application, the application protects a DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention method, which comprises the following steps:
a signal receiving step: the RSU receives a microwave signal sent by the OBU;
a positioning step: the RSU obtains the positioning information of the OBU according to the microwave signal sent by the OBU;
a judging step: the RSU judges whether the position of the RSU is in a preset processing area or not according to the OBU positioning information;
the processing steps are as follows: and if the position of the OBU is in a preset processing area, the RSU sends a processing instruction according to a preset scheme.
In one embodiment, in the processing step, a specific manner for the RSU to issue the processing instruction according to the preset scheme is as follows: and the RSU sends a charging instruction to the OBU.
In one embodiment, in the determining and processing step, if the RSU determines that the position of the OBU is not within the preset processing region, no processing instruction is issued.
In one embodiment, in the positioning step, the positioning information of the OBU includes position coordinates of the first direction.
In one embodiment, in the positioning step, the positioning information of the OBU further includes position coordinates of a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
In one embodiment, the positioning step uses a phase difference positioning method.
According to a second aspect of the present application, the present application also protects a DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention device, including an RSU, the RSU including:
a signal receiving module: the microwave signal is used for receiving the microwave signal sent by the OBU;
a positioning module: the positioning information of the OBU is obtained according to the microwave signal sent by the OBU;
a judging module: the OBU processing device is used for judging whether the position of the OBU is in a preset processing area or not according to the positioning information of the OBU;
and the processing module is used for sending a processing instruction according to a preset scheme when the judging module judges that the position of the OBU is in a preset processing area.
In one embodiment, the processing module is a transaction module for issuing a charging instruction to the OBU.
According to a third aspect of the application, the application also protects a DSRC application system, which comprises the DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention device.
In one embodiment, the dedicated short-range communication application system is a single-lane barrier ETC system, a multi-lane barrier ETC system, a single-lane free flow system or a multi-lane free flow system, and the signal receiving module is disposed on a corresponding lane of the single-lane barrier ETC system, the multi-lane barrier ETC system or the single-lane free flow system, or on at least one free flow section of the multi-lane free flow system.
In one embodiment, the dedicated short-range communication application system includes at least one of a vehicle detection system, a vehicle speed measurement system, a vehicle type identification system, an image identification system, and an image capturing system.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the method is applied to the field of road traffic, whether the OBU is located in a preset processing range is judged by using a vehicle positioning technology, if the OBU is located in the preset processing range, the RSU considers that the vehicle with the OBU is the vehicle of the current road, a processing instruction is sent according to a preset scheme, the vehicle with the OBU is charged or processed in other forms, if the OBU is not located in the preset processing range, the RSU considers that the vehicle with the OBU is the vehicle of an adjacent road, and the vehicle is not processed, so that the method can effectively judge whether the vehicle belongs to the vehicle of the current road or the vehicle of the adjacent road and distinguish and process the vehicle, the OBU on the vehicle of the adjacent road can not interfere with the normal interaction process between the OBU and the RSU on the vehicle of the current road, the problem of interference of the vehicle of the adjacent road is effectively solved, and the normal operation of a DSRC application system is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an OBU signal processing method for preventing adjacent channel interference according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a vehicle within the RSU signal coverage area according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a receiving antenna layout diagram of a positioning method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an OBU signal processing apparatus for preventing adjacent channel interference according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
In the embodiment of the application, the RSU determines the location information of the OBU on the vehicle interacting with the RSU by using a location technology, so as to determine the location of the OBU, and the RSU then determines whether the location of the OBU is within a preset processing area, if so, the vehicle with the OBU is considered as the vehicle of the own lane, and charges or performs other types of processing on the vehicle, otherwise, the vehicle is considered as an adjacent lane vehicle, and does not perform processing on the vehicle.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the adjacent channel interference prevention method of the embodiment is based on information interaction between the RSU and the OBU. Wherein the RSU includes an outdoor unit having a transceiving antenna for transmitting and receiving microwave signals to and from the OBU, and an indoor unit for controlling the RSU outdoor unit and processing information received and transmitted by the RSU outdoor unit, which is generally installed above or at a side of a road; the OBU also has an antenna for transmitting and receiving microwave signals to and from the RSU, which is typically mounted within the vehicle, for example, fixed to the front windshield of the vehicle. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method of the present embodiment mainly includes the following steps:
s101: when a first vehicle enters the RSU signal coverage area shown by the dashed line, the vehicle-mounted OBU1 is awakened by the RSU periodically transmitting an awakening signal, and the OBU1 transmits a reply signal to the RSU to establish a communication link with the RSU.
S102: the RSU sends a microwave signal to the OBU1, where the microwave signal carries a request data frame, and the specific content of the request data frame is usually used to request the OBU1 to return certain information to the RSU as required, for example, the request data frame of this embodiment is used to request vehicle information (including one or more of information such as license plate number, vehicle model, and vehicle color).
S103: the OBU1 analyzes the microwave signal of the RSU after receiving the microwave signal, then obtains the vehicle information requested by the RSU through internal calculation, encapsulates the vehicle information into a response data frame, and then sends the microwave signal to the RSU, wherein the microwave signal comprises the response data frame, the ID of the OBU1 and other information.
S104: and a signal receiving step, in which the RSU receives the microwave signal B returned to the RSU by the OBU 1.
S105: a positioning step: the RSU analyzes the microwave signal B to obtain a response data frame, and obtains the positioning information of the OBU1, i.e., the positioning information of the first vehicle, using the microwave signal B. In this embodiment, the RSU performs two-directional positioning on the OBU to obtain the positioning information including two-dimensional coordinates, that is, the positioning information of the OBU1 includes a position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in a first direction and a position coordinate x1 of a second direction, where the second direction and the first direction are both in the road surface plane and perpendicular to each other, the first direction is parallel to the road extending direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the road extending direction. The method for obtaining the location information of the OBU1 includes various methods, such as a phase difference location method for locating the OBU1 by using phase difference values corresponding to different receiving antennas in the RSU when receiving the same microwave signal, and a signal strength location method for locating the OBU1 by using signal strength values corresponding to receiving antennas in the RSU when receiving the microwave signal.
For example, a phase difference positioning method for microwave signals includes:
referring to fig. 3, an antenna group formed by the receiving antennas 1, 2 and 3 arranged on the same straight line receives microwave signals transmitted by the same OBU, and a distance d between the receiving antennas 1 and 212<λ, distance d between receiving antenna 1 and receiving antenna 313>And N lambda, the included angle between the incoming wave direction of the microwave signal sent by the OBU and the normal line of the antenna array is theta, namely the direction angle of the microwave signal. When the microwave signals respectively reach the three receiving antennas, the microwave signals andthe receiving antennas are relatively far apart and belong to the far field area of the receiving antennas, so that the microwave signals arrive at the receiving antennas in parallel, and the phase of the microwave signals received by the receiving antenna 2 is lagged behind that of the microwave signals received by the receiving antenna 1
That is, the phase difference of the receiving antenna 2 with respect to the receiving antenna 1 is
The phase of the microwave signal received by the receiving antenna 3 lags behind the phase of the microwave signal received by the receiving antenna 1
That is, the phase difference of the receiving antenna 3 with respect to the receiving antenna 1 is
Then
(formula one)
Then
(formula two)
Wherein,
for obtaining phase difference by phase comparisonThe actual degree of time due to
This value is therefore unique.
To determine the value of N, the following formula may be utilized:
In the above formula, d12And d13In the known manner, it is known that,
the actual reading can be obtained by phase comparison
Can be calculated according to the formula III.
Within an acceptable error range, if it is assumed:
then the following equation may be derived in conjunction with equation three to determine N:
In view of
The error caused by each item of processing in the signal receiving path is calculated by the formula III
Has an error value of
Of error value of
Thus calculated by formula three and formula two
Are only approximately equal, not completely equal, as long as calculated
Is within an acceptable range, the following equation can be obtained by combining equation two and equation four to determine θ:
(formula five)
In the derivation process, as can be seen from the formula two,
is different from the assumed value by
The larger the value of N is, the larger the value of N is
Smaller error value of (d), while too large value of N13The total length of the positioning antenna is increased and the layout is difficult, so that N is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 10, certain positioning precision can be ensured, and the antenna layout is convenient. And finally, calculating the positioning information of the OBU, namely specific coordinates of the OBU in a coverage area in front of the vertical projection point of the RSU antenna according to the value of the theta and the installation height and angle of each receiving antenna.
The OBU can be positioned in one dimension according to the above mode, and if a group of antenna groups perpendicular to the above antenna groups is added, the OBU can be positioned in two dimensions by adopting the same processing mode.
S106: a judging step: the RSU determines whether the position of the OBU1 is within a preset processing area according to the positioning information of the OBU1, where the determination manner is various, for example, one manner may pre-store the position coordinates of all the position points in the processing area in the first direction and the second direction, if the position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in the first direction and the position coordinate x1 of the OBU1 in the second direction are the same as the pre-stored position coordinate of a certain position point, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is within the pre-stored processing area, otherwise, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is not within the pre-stored processing area; another way, the interval ranges of the processing area in the first direction and the second direction may be preset, if the position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in the first direction and the position coordinate x1 of the OBU1 in the second direction are both within the preset interval ranges, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is within the pre-stored processing area, otherwise, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is not within the pre-stored processing area.
S107: if the RSU determines that the position of the OBU1 is within the preset processing area, the RSU sends a processing instruction to the OBU1 according to a preset scheme according to the fact that the first vehicle is the current vehicle, for example, the processing instruction may be a charging instruction, and prepares to perform charging processing on the first vehicle.
For the second vehicle, similarly to step S101 to step S105, the RSU acquires the positioning information of the OBU 2 according to the microwave signal a emitted by the OBU 2 installed on the vehicle, including the position coordinate y2 of the OBU 2 in the first direction and the position coordinate x2 of the second direction, similarly to step S106 to step S107, if the RSU determines that the position of the OBU 2 is not within the preset processing area, the second vehicle is regarded as an adjacent vehicle and is not processed, or in some embodiments, the processing of the adjacent vehicle after the second vehicle is processed may also be delayed, for example, the RSU may preferentially emit a processing instruction to the OBU1 and then emit the same processing instruction to the OBU 2.
In practical applications, there may be a plurality of information exchanges between the RSU and each OBU, and correspondingly there may be a plurality of microwave signals transmitted by the OBUs to the RSU, where the microwave signals all include the ID number of the OBU.
Example two:
the embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in that the RSU only realizes positioning in one direction in the process of positioning the OBU, and particularly realizes positioning of the OBU in a first direction parallel to the road extension direction to obtain positioning information including one-dimensional coordinates, specifically, in the positioning step of the embodiment for the OBU1, the obtained positioning information of the OBU1 includes a position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in the first direction, and in the determining step, the determining manner has many different manners, for example, one manner may prestore the position coordinates of all position points in the processing region in the first direction, if the position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in the first direction is the same as the prestored position coordinate of a certain position point, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is in the prestored processing region, otherwise, it indicates that the position of the OBU1 is not in the prestored processing region; another way may preset an interval range of the processing region in the first direction, indicating that the position of the OBU1 is within the pre-stored processing region if the position coordinate y1 of the OBU1 in the first direction is within the preset interval range, otherwise indicating that the position of the OBU1 is not within the pre-stored processing region.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 4, the DSRC-based adjacent channel interference prevention device for implementing the first embodiment or the second embodiment of the present invention includes an RSU, and the RSU mainly includes a signal receiving module 10, a positioning module 20, a determining module 30, and a processing module 40.
The signal receiving module 10 is disposed in the RSU outdoor unit, and includes an antenna for receiving the microwave signal transmitted by the OBU.
The positioning module 20 is configured to obtain positioning information of the OBU according to the microwave signal sent by the OBU. Depending on the positioning method, the positioning module 20 may perform positioning in one direction on the OBU to obtain positioning information including one-dimensional coordinates, or perform positioning in two directions to obtain positioning information including two-dimensional coordinates.
The determination module 30 is configured to determine whether the location of the OBU is within a preset processing area according to the location information of the OBU. According to different comparison methods, the determination module 30 may perform position determination in one direction or position determination in two directions for the OBU.
The processing module 40 is configured to, when the determination module 30 determines that the position of the OBU is within the preset processing area, consider that the vehicle with the OBU is the vehicle of the local lane, for example, the processing module 40 may be a transaction module, and the processing instruction may be a charging instruction for performing charging processing on the vehicle, and of course, according to specific needs, the processing module 40 may further issue other processing instructions according to a preset scheme, for example, the processing instruction may be a detection instruction, a monitoring instruction, a photographing instruction, and the like, so as to perform other types of processing on the vehicle; when the determination module 30 determines that the position of the OBU is not within the preset processing area, the vehicle with the OBU is considered as an adjacent vehicle, and the vehicle with the OBU is not processed.
The adjacent lane interference prevention method in the embodiment can be widely applied to various DSRC application systems, such as a single-lane barrier ETC system, a multi-lane barrier ETC system, a single-lane free flow system, a multi-lane free flow system, and various vehicle monitoring systems for real-time monitoring or violation inspection of vehicles, such as a vehicle speed measuring system, a vehicle type recognition system, an image recognition system, and an image snapshot system. Wherein, signal reception module sets up on the corresponding lane of single lane area railing machine electron ETC system, many lanes area railing machine ETC system or single lane free stream system, or set up on at least one free stream section in many lanes free stream system, can accurately discern this way vehicle and adjacent lane vehicle, and realize not stopping the charge to this way vehicle accuracy, and do not carry out the charge to adjacent lane vehicle, avoid adjacent lane vehicle to the normal interactive process between OBU and the RSU on this way vehicle to produce the interference, thereby avoided the charge mistake, detect the emergence of phenomenons such as mistake, ensure the normal clear of charge. The second embodiment can be used for a single-lane DSRC application system, the structure and the information processing party of the RSU are relatively simple, the cost is low, and the first embodiment can be used for a single-lane or multi-lane DSRC application system, so that the judgment result is more accurate and reliable.
This application judges whether it is traveling this way according to the concrete position of vehicle, and anti-interference ability is good in practical application in-process, greatly reduced the probability of wrong processing, this application need not to make great change or increase any auxiliary assembly to current equipment structure moreover, consequently can not increase equipment cost.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present application in connection with specific embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the present application be limited to the specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many more simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An adjacent channel interference prevention method based on special short-range communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a signal receiving step: the road side unit receives a microwave signal sent by the vehicle-mounted unit;
a positioning step: the road side unit obtains the positioning information of the vehicle-mounted unit according to the microwave signal sent by the vehicle-mounted unit;
a judging step: the road side unit judges whether the position of the road side unit is in a preset processing area or not according to the positioning information of the vehicle-mounted unit;
the processing steps are as follows: and if the position of the vehicle-mounted unit is in a preset processing area, the road side unit sends out a processing instruction according to a preset scheme.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the processing step, the specific way for the roadside unit to issue the processing instruction according to the preset scheme is as follows: and the road side unit sends a charging instruction to the vehicle-mounted unit.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the judging processing step, if the roadside unit judges that the position of the on-board unit is not within a preset processing area, no processing instruction is issued.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the positioning step, the positioning information of the on-board unit includes position coordinates of a first direction.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the positioning step, the positioning information of the on-board unit further includes position coordinates of a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said positioning step employs phase difference positioning.
7. The utility model provides an prevent adjacent channel interference device based on special short range communication which characterized in that, includes the road side unit, the road side unit includes:
a signal receiving module: the microwave signal is used for receiving the microwave signal sent by the vehicle-mounted unit;
a positioning module: the positioning device is used for acquiring positioning information of the vehicle-mounted unit according to the microwave signal sent by the vehicle-mounted unit;
a judging module: the system comprises a processing area, a processing unit and a display unit, wherein the processing area is used for judging whether the position of the vehicle-mounted unit is in a preset processing area or not according to the positioning information of the vehicle-mounted unit;
a processing module: and the processing module is used for sending a processing instruction according to a preset scheme when the judging module judges that the position of the vehicle-mounted unit is in a preset processing area.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processing module is a transaction module for issuing a charging instruction to the on-board unit.
9. A dedicated short-range communication application system, comprising the adjacent channel interference prevention device according to claim 7 or 8.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the dedicated short-range communication application system is a single-lane electronic toll collection system with a rail, a single-lane free flow system or a multi-lane free flow system, and the signal receiving module is disposed on a corresponding lane of the single-lane electronic toll collection system or the single-lane free flow system, or disposed on at least one free flow section of the multi-lane free flow system.
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| CN104569911A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳市金溢科技股份有限公司 | OBU positioning method, RSU and ETC system |
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