CN103485328A - Method for performing ecological reinforcement on soil slope surface by utilizing composite curing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecological reinforcement of a soil slope with a composite curing agent, which is characterized in that a composite curing agent is uniformly mixed in proportion to a polymer curing agent, mud, water and grass seeds, and then the composite curing agent is sprayed On the soil slope surface, a solidified layer with a thickness of about 5-15cm is formed on the soil slope surface. After the vegetation grows, the solidified layer cooperates with the vegetation root system to realize the ecological reinforcement of the soil slope surface. The cured layer of the invention has good erosion resistance, wind resistance, water stability, water retention, air permeability, and functions such as being beneficial to vegetation growth, and is simple in construction, low in cost, strong in practicability, and ecologically friendly. The invention can be widely used in the ecological reinforcement of soil slopes such as roads and embankments, and can also be used in the fields of ecological restoration of mining areas, ecological management of engineering areas, etc., especially suitable for large-scale environmental construction projects, and has good social benefits and economic benefits.

Description

A method for ecological reinforcement of soil slope with composite curing agent

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection engineering, and in particular relates to a method for ecological reinforcement of a soil side slope with a composite curing agent.

Background technique

Strengthening environmental protection is a major task in promoting economic and social development. During the construction of infrastructure such as roads, railways, water conservancy, and mines, the destruction of the original landform vegetation is inevitable. Spoils, rocks, and excavations will leave a large number of exposed slopes in a harmonious natural environment. Slope reinforcement methods mainly include engineering reinforcement and plant reinforcement. Engineering reinforcement usually takes the form of plastering, hammering, spraying, hooking (irrigating) joints, slope retaining walls, etc., but this method is generally only applicable to steep slopes that are not suitable for vegetation growth, and cannot achieve ecological reinforcement for soil slopes. Vegetation reinforcement generally adopts the form of laying grass, planting grass and planting shrubs (trees). Although this method can be applied to the ecological reinforcement of soil slopes, before the vegetation grows or in areas where the vegetation is sparse, the soil on the slope surface still exists Problems such as erosion and soil erosion will even affect the growth of vegetation to a large extent. As a new type of environmentally friendly soil reinforcement material, polymer curing agent has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as less dosage, convenient transportation, simple construction, and ecological protection.

Chinese patent application 200710021619.0 proposes "ecological soil stabilizer and its preparation method", the ecological soil stabilizer includes water or deionized water, comonomer 1: vinyl acetate, comonomer 2: methyl methacrylate or Comonomer 3; Comonomer 3: acrylate; polyvinyl alcohol; emulsifier sodium lauryl sulfate or with OP2-4 or both; initiator (persulfate). Although this method has the advantages of good environmental suitability and the ability to promote plant growth, it still has the following disadvantages: the one is that the curing agent liquid has a relatively high viscosity, poor permeability, and the solidified layer formed on the slope is extremely thin, which cannot meet the requirements on the whole. The second is that the curing time is extremely long, and it is difficult to guarantee the curing effect in actual operation; the third is that the curing layer has poor water retention and is easy to dry and crack, which affects the growth of vegetation.

Chinese patent application 201110106789.5 proposes "a polyurethane type ecological sand-fixing agent and its preparation method". The sand-fixing agent is composed of a polyurethane prepolymer, a dispersion stabilizer and a solvent. The polyurethane prepolymer is obtained by the polycondensation reaction of polymer polyol and diisocyanate The polymer polyol is composed of polyoxypropylene diol, polyoxyethylene diol and easily degradable polymer diol, and the mass ratio of polyoxypropylene diol to polyoxyethylene diol is 1:3 to 5: 1. Degradable polymer diol accounts for 13-23% of the total mass of polymer polyol; the mass ratio of polymer polyol to diisocyanate is 4:1-7:1. Although this method has the advantages of good high and low temperature climate adaptability and aging resistance, it still has the following disadvantages: one is that the curing agent has a short shelf life and is difficult to preserve in practice; the other is that the curing time is extremely short, and within its curing time It is difficult to complete the construction, which will directly affect the construction quality; third, the thickness of the cured layer is thin, which makes it difficult to meet the slope reinforcement requirements.

Chinese patent application 201110106794.6 proposes "a dust-proof and sand-fixing method". In this method, the polyurethane-type ecological sand-fixing agent is diluted with water, and the weight percentage concentration of the polyurethane prepolymer is 0.5-5%; then the diluted sand-fixing agent is sprayed on the sand , forming a solidified layer on the surface of the sand; wherein, the active ingredient of the polyurethane type ecological sand-fixing agent is a polyurethane prepolymer, and the polyurethane prepolymer is obtained by polycondensation reaction of a polymer polyol and a diisocyanate compound, and the polymer polyol It is composed of polyoxypropylene diol, polyoxyethylene diol and easily degradable polymer diol. The mass ratio of polyoxypropylene diol to polyoxyethylene diol is 1:3~5:1, and it is easy to degrade and polymerize Diol accounts for 13 to 23% of the total mass of polymer polyol; the mass ratio of polymer polyol to diisocyanate compound is 4:1 to 7:1, and the easily degradable polymer diol is polyε-caprolactone Ester diol, polylactic acid diol or a mixture thereof in any proportion. Although the solidified layer formed by this method has advantages such as good erosion resistance and wind erosion resistance, it still has the following disadvantages: the one is that the curing time is extremely short, and it is difficult to complete the construction within the curing time; It is difficult to meet the slope reinforcement requirements; the third is that the curing agent is diluted and sprayed directly on the sand after sowing vegetation grass seeds, which is easy to cause displacement of grass seeds, and the uniformity of vegetation distribution on the slope is extremely poor.

To sum up, how to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies and effectively solve the problems of loose soil quality, reduced water content, and easy weathering caused by excavation in the course of environmental development and construction, resulting in ecological system imbalance, damage to native vegetation, or exposed soil slopes? , It is easy to cause slope erosion, soil erosion, slope collapse, river blockage, landslide, water pollution and other disasters, which has become one of the key problems to be solved in the field of environmental protection engineering technology.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite solidifying agent to the method for the ecological reinforcement of soil slope slope in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. The solidified layer of the present invention has good erosion resistance, wind resistance, water stability, and Water retention, breathable, beneficial to vegetation growth and other functions, strong practicability.

A kind of composite solidifying agent that the present invention proposes is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

Step 1, slope leveling: use machinery or manual to level the natural slope or artificial slope where there are obvious gullies or unevenness;

Step 2, preparation of reinforcement liquid: First, by mass percentage: uniformly mix 5-20% polymer curing agent, 5-10% mud and 70-90% water, and then evenly stir with grass seeds to form a composite curing agent, of which grass The amount of seed added is 25-35g/ ^m2 slope;

Step 3, spraying the reinforcement solution: Spray the composite curing agent obtained in step 2 on the slope surface of the soil slope at a rate of 4-5L/m ² , so that a solidified layer is formed on the slope surface of the soil slope;

Step 4, slope maintenance: provide sufficient water before and after the germination of grass seeds to promote the growth of vegetation, so that the root system of the vegetation and the solidified layer obtained in step 3 cooperate to achieve ecological reinforcement of the soil slope;

Step 5, assessment and maintenance: Regularly evaluate the ecological reinforcement effects such as the damage of the soil slope and the growth of vegetation after the ecological reinforcement in step 4 for additional maintenance.

The mechanism of the present invention to realize ecological slope consolidation is: in order to overcome the deficiency of using a single polymer curing agent in the prior art, the reinforcement solution of the present invention adopts a composite curing agent, because the composite curing agent has good compatibility with the soil slope surface , so the composite curing agent is sprayed on the soil slope, it is easy to penetrate into the soil from the pores of the soil particles, fill the pores between the soil particles and wrap the soil particles, as the water evaporates, the curing agent is on the surface and inside of the soil particles Form a spatial network structure, see Figure 1 for details, bond soil particles and grass seeds into a network-like structure, thereby forming a solidified layer of a certain thickness on the surface of the soil; the network-like film structure formed by the composite curing agent can store water , to promote the growth of vegetation. After the grass grows, the roots of the vegetation will crisscross and stretch inside the soil, further strengthening the network structure of the solidified layer of the soil slope. See Figure 2 for details. At the same time, the leaves of the vegetation cover the soil edge On the slope, it can greatly reduce the erosion of the soil slope by rainwater, and realize the ecological reinforcement of the soil slope under the synergistic effect of the composite curing agent and vegetation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages: first, the present invention uses a composite curing agent, which can effectively solve problems such as soil slope erosion, water and soil loss, vegetation destruction, and slope instability; The ecological solidified layer formed after the invention is reinforced has good erosion resistance, wind resistance, water stability, and functions such as water retention, ventilation, and beneficial vegetation growth; the third is that the present invention combines the composite curing agent with vegetation to play a role The excellent synergistic effect really highlights the benefits of ecological and environmental protection; fourth, the method of the present invention is easy to construct, low in engineering cost, strong in practicability, and ecologically environmentally friendly. The invention can be widely used in the ecological reinforcement of soil slopes such as roads and embankments, and can also be used in the fields of ecological restoration of mining areas, ecological management of engineering areas, etc., especially suitable for large-scale environmental construction projects, and has good social benefits and economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of applying a composite curing agent to implement ecological curing proposed by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of applying a composite curing agent to implement ecological reinforcement of a slope surface proposed by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.

A kind of composite solidifying agent that the present invention proposes to the method for ecological reinforcement of soil slope slope, it comprises the following steps:

Step 1, slope leveling: use machinery or manual to level the natural slope or artificial slope where there are obvious gullies or unevenness;

Step 2, preparation of reinforcement liquid: First, by mass percentage: uniformly mix 5-20% polymer curing agent, 5-10% mud and 70-90% water, and then evenly stir with grass seeds to form a composite curing agent, of which grass The amount of seed added is 25-35g/ ^m2 slope;

The polymer curing agent is a mixture of polyurethane curing agent and water retaining agent in a mass ratio of 9:1-15:1, with a viscosity of 600-1200mpa.s, a curing time of 6-8h, and a pH value of 6-8;

The polyurethane curing agent is a mixture of diols and toluene diisocyanate in a mass ratio of 2:1-3.5:1, followed by polycondensation reaction to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; The polymer is configured with 30-35 parts of ethyl acetate and 1-1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate and fully stirred to obtain a finished polyurethane curing agent; the diol mixture is made of polyoxypropylene diol It is composed of polyoxyethylene diol at a mass ratio of 1:3.5-1:5, wherein: the number average molecular weight of polyoxypropylene diol is 4000, and the number average molecular weight of polyoxyethylene diol is 2000.

The water-retaining agent is a solid superabsorbent resin with 200-300 times the water absorption capacity and good reproducibility;

The components of the mud include, by mass parts: 30-40 parts of bentonite, 10-15 parts of KCl, 2-4 parts of KOH, 1-1.5 parts of defoamer and 40-50 parts of water;

Step 3, spraying of reinforcement liquid: spray the composite curing agent obtained in step ² on the slope of the soil slope at a spraying rate of 4-5L/m2, so that a solidified layer is formed on the slope of the soil slope; the thickness of the solidified layer is 5-15cm;

Step 4, slope maintenance: provide sufficient water before and after the germination of grass seeds to promote the growth of vegetation, so that the root system of the vegetation and the solidified layer obtained in step 3 cooperate to achieve ecological reinforcement of the soil slope;

Step 5, assessment and maintenance: Regularly evaluate the ecological reinforcement effects such as the damage of the soil slope and the growth of vegetation after the ecological reinforcement in step 4 for additional maintenance.

Taking the soil slope test section of expressway as an example, the specific implementation mode of the present invention and the test and analysis results of its application performance are further described in detail.

The specific implementation steps and requirements of this embodiment are the same as above, and some of the specific parameters are as follows:

Soil slope test section of expressway: slope length is 20 meters, slope slope is 10 meters, slope angle is 35°, total area of slope reinforcement is 200m ² ; reinforcement liquid is calculated by mass percentage: 20% polymer curing agent, 5% Mud and 75% water, the amount of reinforcement liquid sprayed is 5L/m ² on the slope, the polymer curing agent is a mixture of polyurethane curing agent and water-retaining agent at a mass ratio of 9:1, and the grass species are bermudagrass and white bermudagrass in equal mass ratios. The dosage of clover, bahia grass and durian chrysanthemum is 25g/ ^m2 slope;

Table 1 The dosage of each component in the reinforcement solution of the test section

The thickness of the solidified layer in the soil slope test section of the expressway is 10.5cm. After 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months of evaluation on the reinforced slope of the test section, the results all show that the slope soil particles It is complete, without scour traces, and the vegetation is evenly distributed and grows luxuriantly, achieving a very good ecological reinforcement effect on the slope.

The invention has been verified through repeated field tests and has achieved satisfactory application effects. The excellent properties of the composite solidifying agent of the present invention to the method for ecological reinforcement of soil slopes are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Contrast between the present invention and the existing polymer curing agent slope reinforcement method

The above specific implementation methods and examples are specific support for the technical thought of applying a composite curing agent proposed by the present invention to the method for ecological reinforcement of soil slope slopes, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention with this. The proposed technical ideas and any equivalent changes or equivalent changes made on the basis of this technical solution still belong to the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of composite curing agent is characterized in that comprising the following steps: Step 1, slope leveling: use machinery or manual to level the natural slope or artificial slope where there are obvious gullies or unevenness; Step 2, preparation of reinforcement liquid: First, by mass percentage: uniformly mix 5-20% polymer curing agent, 5-10% mud and 70-90% water, and then evenly stir with grass seeds to form a composite curing agent, of which grass The amount of seed added is 25-35g/ ^m2 slope; Step 3, spraying the reinforcement solution: Spray the composite curing agent obtained in step 2 on the slope surface of the soil slope at a rate of 4-5 L/m ² , so that a solidified layer is formed on the slope surface of the soil slope; Step 4, slope maintenance: provide sufficient water before and after the germination of grass seeds to promote the growth of vegetation, so that the root system of the vegetation and the solidified layer obtained in step 3 cooperate to achieve ecological reinforcement of the soil slope; Step 5, assessment and maintenance: Regularly evaluate the ecological reinforcement effects such as the damage of the soil slope and the growth of vegetation after the ecological reinforcement in step 4 for additional maintenance. 2. a kind of composite curing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that the macromolecular curing agent described in step 2 is polyurethane curing agent and water-retaining agent by mass ratio 9:1 to the method for soil slope slope ecological reinforcement -15:1 mixture, the viscosity is 600-1200 mpa.s, the curing time is 6-8h, and the pH value is 6-8. 3. A kind of composite curing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that the composition of the mud described in step 2 is, comprises in parts by mass: 30-40 parts Bentonite, 10-15 parts of KCl, 2-4 parts of KOH, 1-1.5 parts of defoamer and 40-50 parts of water. 4. a kind of composite solidifying agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that the grass kind described in step 2 is by Bermudagrass, white clover, Bahia Grass, durian chrysanthemum to the method for ecological reinforcement of soil slope slope 1. A mixture of one or two or more of the seeds of Huzhizi in any proportion. 5. The method for ecological reinforcement of soil slope slope surface by a composite curing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the curing layer described in step 3 is 5-15cm. 6. a kind of composite curing agent according to claim 2 is characterized in that described polyurethane curing agent is dibasic alcohol mixture and toluene diisocyanate by mass ratio 2:1- 3. After 5:1 configuration, polycondensation reaction is carried out to obtain polyurethane prepolymer; then according to mass parts: 10-20 parts of polyurethane prepolymer, 30-35 parts of ethyl acetate, 1-1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate Configure and fully stir to obtain the finished polyurethane curing agent; the diol mixture is composed of polyoxypropylene dibasic alcohol and polyoxyethylene dibasic alcohol in a mass ratio of 1:3.5-1:5, wherein: The number average molecular weight of the oxypropylene diol was 4000, and the number average molecular weight of the polyoxyethylene diol was 2000. 7. A kind of composite curing agent according to claim 2 is characterized in that described water-retaining agent is a kind of solid state, 200-300 times of water-absorbing capacity and good reproducibility Super absorbent resin.

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