CN103453532B - Battery recycling treatment system and method - Google Patents
Battery recycling treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103453532B CN103453532B CN201310342270.6A CN201310342270A CN103453532B CN 103453532 B CN103453532 B CN 103453532B CN 201310342270 A CN201310342270 A CN 201310342270A CN 103453532 B CN103453532 B CN 103453532B
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical group O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HIRWGWMTAVZIPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Ni].OS(O)(=O)=O HIRWGWMTAVZIPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of battery recycling treatment system, comprise rotary kiln combustion chamber, rotary kiln combustion chamber comprises the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone; Secondary combustion chamber, with rotary kiln combustion chamber; Flue gas purifying equipment, is communicated with secondary combustion chamber.Above-mentioned battery recycling treatment system, first by the first combustion zone burning 30min ~ 60min of battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, make the abundant pyrolytic destruction of the sealing ring of battery, hydrogen in battery and organic solvent are discharged, and it is by negative pressure device, it is emptying, can effectively prevent battery from high temperature exploding, then battery is made to burn second combustion zone of 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, then the first flue gas produced by cells burst again to burn formation second flue gas completely at the secondary combustion chamber of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, second flue gas is discharged in air by forming Purge gas after the purified treatment of flue gas purifying equipment, above-mentioned battery recycling treatment system recycling battery can not be blasted, handling safety.In addition, a kind of battery recycling processing method is also provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of waste battery disposal, particularly relate to a kind of battery recycling treatment system and method.
Background technology
Secondary cell because its energy density is high, lightweight, the good characteristic such as the life-span is long, be widely used in the meanss of communication such as mobile phone, notebook computer, digital camera and digital electronic goods and the field such as electric tool, electric automobile.At present, China has become the maximum secondary cell production and consumption state in the whole world.
Increasingly the increase of secondary cell demand, on the one hand, producing the raw material metal imbalances between supply and demand such as cobalt, nickel and the lithium needed for secondary cell will be more outstanding; On the other hand, the compound containing valuable metals such as a lot of poisonous and hazardous cobalt, nickel and manganese in waste secondary battery.A large amount of waste secondary batteries, as can not safe disposal and utilization, will cause the waste of resource and serious problem of environmental pollution.Therefore, the safe disposal of waste secondary battery and closed matereial cycle are not only the important step that battery industry is not allowed to lack, and are the key measures solving the imbalance between supply and demand of battery production raw material, reduce production cost.
Utilize waste secondary battery to prepare LITHIUM BATTERY nickelous sulfate, cobaltous sulfate, and circulation is as the raw material preparing secondary cell, not only reduces the pollution of its harmful substance to environment, and will huge economic benefit be produced.
Owing to containing a large amount of organic substances in battery, first must carry out pretreatment to it before carrying out wet-treating, to remove organic substance in battery, produce to postorder and reduce the heavy burdens, avoid extractant poisoning simultaneously.The main incinerating method that adopts carries out pretreatment to waste secondary battery at present, due to also do not have specialty for the pretreated pyrolysis oven of waste secondary battery, adopt burner now more, in burning process, in electrolyte and electrode, fractions changes the gases such as carbon dioxide and other harmful components into by burning, and part metals is volatilized with flying dust when burning, and easily causes secondary pollution.Flying dust volatilization simultaneously easily takes away amount of heat, and to making organic compound combustion incomplete, burn-off rate is not high.
Traditional, when recycling waste secondary battery, usually all need to open battery case and material in battery case is recycled, shell due to secondary cell has very large intensity and toughness, and be closely linked with the active material in shell, may blast be produced when being heated or being squeezed, operate dangerous.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary battery recycling treatment system and method that a kind of handling safety is provided.
A kind of battery recycling treatment system, comprising:
Rotary kiln combustion chamber, described rotary kiln combustion chamber comprises the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone, described first combustion zone is used for by described battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, and described second combustion zone is used for the battery after 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burnings to form the first flue gas at 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min;
Secondary combustion chamber, with described rotary kiln combustion chamber, for forming the second flue gas by described first flue gas from the discharge of described rotary kiln combustion chamber at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s; And
Flue gas purifying equipment, is communicated with described secondary combustion chamber, forms Purge gas for carrying out purified treatment to described second flue gas.
Wherein in an embodiment, described flue gas purifying equipment comprises:
Cyclone, is communicated with described secondary combustion chamber, forms the first Purge gas for carrying out one-time dedusting to described second flue gas;
Spray quench tower, is communicated with described cyclone, for the temperature of described first Purge gas is down to less than 200 DEG C;
Sack cleaner, is communicated with described spray quench tower, forms the second Purge gas for carrying out final dusting to the first Purge gas after cooling;
Spray absorber, is communicated with described sack cleaner, for removing the acidic materials in described second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas;
Mist water separator, is communicated with described spray absorber, for forming Purge gas to described 3rd Purge gas dehydration.
Wherein in an embodiment, described flue gas purifying equipment also comprises:
Steam generator, is communicated with described cyclone, for once lowering the temperature to described first Purge gas;
G-G heat exchanger, is communicated with described steam generator and described spray quench tower, for the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice and recycling the waste heat through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature.
Wherein in an embodiment, described flue gas purifying equipment also comprises active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus, described active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus are located at described spray quench tower on the flue of described sack cleaner, and described active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus are for removing acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with dioxin.
A kind of battery recycling processing method, comprises the following steps:
By described battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then form the first flue gas at 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min;
Described first flue gas is formed the second flue gas at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s; And
Purified treatment is carried out to described second flue gas and forms Purge gas.
Wherein in an embodiment, describedly purified treatment is carried out to described second flue gas form the operation of Purge gas and comprise the following steps:
One-time dedusting is carried out to described second flue gas and forms the first Purge gas;
The temperature of described first Purge gas is down to less than 200 DEG C;
Final dusting is carried out to the first Purge gas after cooling and forms the second Purge gas;
Remove the acidic materials in described second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas;
Purge gas is formed to described 3rd Purge gas dehydration.
Wherein in an embodiment, one-time dedusting is carried out to described second flue gas form the step of the first Purge gas and the described temperature by described first Purge gas is down between the step of less than 200 DEG C described, further comprising the steps of:
Described first Purge gas once being lowered the temperature, then the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice.
Wherein in an embodiment, the described temperature by described first Purge gas is down to the step of less than 200 DEG C and described the first Purge gas after cooling is carried out to final dusting and formed between the step of the second Purge gas, further comprising the steps of:
Acidic materials in the first Purge gas after removal cooling are with dioxin.
Wherein in an embodiment, describedly remove acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with in the operation of dioxin, adopt one or both in active carbon and calcium hydroxide to the acidic materials in the first Purge gas after described cooling with dioxin is removed.
Wherein in an embodiment, described by described battery 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min formed in the operation of the first flue gas, the mode of burning is rotary combustion.
Above-mentioned battery recycling treatment system and method, first by the first combustion zone burning 30min ~ 60min of battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, make the abundant pyrolytic destruction of the sealing ring of battery, hydrogen in battery and organic solvent are discharged, and it is by negative pressure device, it is emptying, can effectively prevent battery from high temperature exploding, then make battery 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C second combustion zone burning 15min ~ 20min, by fully oxidized for the organic matter in battery, pyrolysis, burning, and effectively control the generation of foul smell and oxynitrides, then the first flue gas produced by cells burst again makes the first flue gas burn completely at the secondary combustion chamber burning 1s ~ 2s of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, remove peculiar smell and stench, form the second flue gas, second flue gas is formed Purge gas after a series of purified treatment be discharged in air.Above-mentioned battery recycling processing method can not be blasted, handling safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the battery recycling treatment system of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the battery recycling processing method of an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart the second flue gas being carried out to purified treatment of an embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, are described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar improvement when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public concrete enforcement.
When an element is considered to " connection " another element, it can be directly connected to another element or may there is centering elements simultaneously.Term as used herein " vertical ", " level ", "left", "right" and similar statement are just for illustrative purposes.
Unless otherwise defined, all technology used herein and scientific terminology are identical with belonging to the implication that those skilled in the art of the present invention understand usually.The object of term used in the description of the invention herein just in order to describe specific embodiment, is not intended to be restriction the present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " comprise arbitrary and all combinations of one or more relevant Listed Items.
Refer to Fig. 1, the battery recycling treatment system 10 of an embodiment, comprise rotary kiln combustion chamber 110, secondary combustion chamber 120 and flue gas purifying equipment.
Battery recycling treatment system 10 can also comprise automatic feeder 140.Automatic feeder 140 is communicated with rotary kiln combustion chamber 110.Battery can be transported to rotary kiln combustion chamber 110 by the conveyer of automatic feeder 140 and burn.
Rotary kiln combustion chamber 110 comprises the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone, first combustion zone is used for by battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, and the second combustion zone is used for the battery after 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burnings to form the first flue gas at 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min.
Concrete, when in rotary kiln combustion chamber 110, igniting is burned, combustion flame to be oriented in a tangential direction introducing incinerator body along the supervisor of incinerator, battery and high-temperature combustion gas swash acute stirring, rapid generation oxidation reaction, combustion flame rotates with the main combustion barrel of the speed of 2 ~ 3 meter per seconds along incinerator body, and axially moves along incinerator body with the speed of 2 ~ 3 meter per seconds.Maintain the furnace temperature of the first combustion zone in 100 ~ 150 DEG C, battery, at first combustion zone burning 30min ~ 60min, is guaranteed, by abundant for the sealing ring of battery pyrolytic destruction, the hydrogen in battery and organic solvent to be discharged, and by negative pressure, it is emptying, prevent battery from high temperature exploding.
The fire box temperature of the second combustion zone maintains 300 ~ 500 DEG C, by fully oxidized for the organic matter in battery, pyrolysis, burning, and effectively controls the generation of foul smell and oxynitrides, makes the gas of generation reach free from extraneous odour, ordorless, clean-burning effect.
Secondary combustion chamber 120 is communicated with rotary kiln combustion chamber 110, for the discharge from rotary kiln combustion chamber 110 first flue gas is formed the second flue gas at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s.
Flue gas purifying equipment is communicated with secondary combustion chamber 120, forms Purge gas for carrying out purified treatment to the second flue gas.
In the present embodiment, flue gas purifying equipment comprises cyclone 131, steam generator 132, G-G heat exchanger 133, spray quench tower 134, active carbon injection apparatus 135, calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 136, sack cleaner 137, spray absorber 138 and mist water separator 139.
Cyclone 131 is communicated with secondary combustion chamber 120, forms the first Purge gas for carrying out one-time dedusting to the second flue gas.
Steam generator 132 is communicated with cyclone 131, for once lowering the temperature to the first Purge gas.First Purge gas enters steam generator 132, heat by steam generator 132 for generation of steam for recovery.
G-G heat exchanger 133 is communicated with steam generator 132, for the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice and recycling the waste heat through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature.G-G heat exchanger 133 is communicated with the first air blast 150, and the first air blast 150 passes into cold wind in G-G heat exchanger 133, reduces the temperature through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature by heat exchange action.The cold wind that first air blast 150 passes into absorbs and become hot blast after the first Purge gas heat of once lowering the temperature, and for incinerator, can improve the temperature of air themperature and incinerator.
Spray quench tower 134 is communicated with G-G heat exchanger 133, for the temperature of the first Purge gas after reducing temperature twice is down to less than 200 DEG C.
Active carbon injection apparatus 135 and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 136 are located on the flue of spray quench tower 134 to sack cleaner 137.Active carbon injection apparatus 135 and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 136 can spray active carbon and calcium hydroxide in the flue of spray quench tower 134 to sack cleaner 137, for removing acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with dioxin.Acidic materials can be one or more in sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide.
Sack cleaner 137 is communicated with spray quench tower 134, for eliminating acidic materials with the first Purge gas after the cooling of dioxin is carried out final dusting and is formed the second Purge gas.
The course of work of sack cleaner 137 is as follows: eliminate acidic materials He filter bag by sack cleaner 137 of the first Purge gas after the cooling of dioxin time, dust is trapped within the outer surface of filter bag thus the dust removed in gas.The gas eliminating dust again in sack cleaner 137 Venturi tube enter upper box, discharge from outlet.Programmable logic controller (PLC) (ProgrammableLogicController, PLC) control regularly to trigger each control valve in order to open, compressed air in the gas bag of the second air blast is sprayed (title First air) by the eyelet of injection tube, by the Venturi tube of sack cleaner 137, the surrounding air (title Secondary Air) being several times as much as First air is induced to enter the filter bag of sack cleaner 137, filter bag is sharply being expanded in a flash, and along with the acting in opposition of air-flow, shake off dust.Fallen into ash bucket by the dust shaken off, discharge through ash discharge mechanism.
Sack cleaner 137 is provided with emergent bypass system, is used for ensureing that sack cleaner 137 is when breaking down or overhauling, and Pneumatic butterfly valve can automatically switch, to ensure the normal operation of equipment.Such as when gas temperature exceedes certain value, Pneumatic butterfly valve can automatically switch, and allows high-temperature gas directly discharge, and without sack cleaner 137, in order to avoid damage sack cleaner 137, ensures that it normally runs.
Spray absorber 138 is communicated with sack cleaner 137, for removing the acidic materials in the second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas.
Acidic materials can be one or more in sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide.
Mist water separator 139 is communicated with spray absorber 138, for forming Purge gas to the 3rd Purge gas dehydration.
Above-mentioned battery recycling treatment system, rotary kiln combustion chamber 110 comprises the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone.First by the first combustion zone burning 30min ~ 60min of battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, make the abundant pyrolytic destruction of the sealing ring of battery, hydrogen in battery and organic solvent are discharged, and by negative pressure device, it is emptying, can effectively prevent battery from high temperature exploding.Then make battery at the second combustion zone burning 15min ~ 20min of 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, by fully oxidized for the organic matter in battery, pyrolysis, burning, and effectively control the generation of foul smell and oxynitrides.Then the first flue gas produced by cells burst again to burn 1s ~ 2s at the secondary combustion chamber 120 of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, the first flue gas is burnt completely, removes peculiar smell and stench, form the second flue gas.Be discharged in air by the second flue gas by forming Purge gas after a series of purified treatment of flue gas purifying equipment, above-mentioned battery recycling treatment system recycling battery can not be blasted, handling safety.
Be appreciated that steam generator 132 and G-G heat exchanger 133 can omit when heat does not need to recycle.Now, cyclone 131 is directly communicated with spray quench tower 134, and the temperature of the first Purge gas directly drops to less than 200 DEG C.When temperature drops to acidic materials in first Purge gas of less than 200 DEG C with when dioxin is less, active carbon injection apparatus 135 and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus 136 also can omit.Now, the first Purge gas that temperature drops to less than 200 DEG C directly carries out final dusting.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the battery recycling processing method of an embodiment, comprises the following steps:
S10, by battery 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min form the first flue gas.
Before carrying out S10, first battery can also be put into electrolyte, the remaining capacity of battery is fully put only.Battery can be waste nickel hydrogen battery or waste and old lithium ion battery etc.
In S10, battery can be transported to rotary kiln combustion chamber 110 by the conveyer of automatic feeder 140 and burn.When in rotary kiln combustion chamber 110, igniting is burned, combustion flame to be oriented in a tangential direction introducing incinerator body along the supervisor of incinerator, battery and high-temperature combustion gas swash acute stirring, rapid generation oxidation reaction, combustion flame rotates with the main combustion barrel of the speed of 2 ~ 3 meter per seconds along incinerator body, and axially move along incinerator body with the speed of 2 ~ 3 meter per seconds, maintain the furnace temperature of the first combustion zone in 100 ~ 150 DEG C, battery is at first combustion zone burning 30min ~ 60min, guarantee abundant for the sealing ring of battery pyrolytic destruction, hydrogen in battery and organic solvent are discharged, and it is by negative pressure, it is emptying, prevent battery from high temperature exploding.
The fire box temperature of the second combustion zone maintains 300 ~ 500 DEG C, battery is at second combustion zone burning 15min ~ 20min, by fully oxidized for the organic matter in battery, pyrolysis, burning, and effectively control the generation of foul smell and oxynitrides, make the gas of generation reach free from extraneous odour, ordorless, clean-burning effect.
S20, by the first flue gas 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s form the second flue gas.
High-temperature flue gas through the high-temp combustion of 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C, can remove unburnt material in the first flue gas when second-time burning further, reduces the poisonous and harmful substance in the second flue gas formed and dust, removes the stink of the second flue gas.
S30, the second flue gas carried out to purified treatment and form Purge gas.
Purified treatment is carried out to the second flue gas, after the dust in removal formation Purge gas and poisonous and harmful substance, forms Purge gas.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, step S30 is divided into following steps:
S31, one-time dedusting is carried out to the second flue gas form the first Purge gas.
In present embodiment, by cyclone 131, one-time dedusting is carried out to the second flue gas, form the first Purge gas.
S32, the first Purge gas once being lowered the temperature, then the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice.
In the present embodiment, the first Purge gas once can be lowered the temperature by steam generator 132, can carry out reducing temperature twice through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature by G-G heat exchanger 133.
First Purge gas enters steam generator 132, heat by steam generator 132 for generation of steam for recovery, reduce the temperature of the first Purge gas.Then the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature enters G-G heat exchanger 133 and carries out exchange heat.G-G heat exchanger 133 is communicated with the first air blast 150, first air blast 150 passes into cold wind in G-G heat exchanger 133, reduces the temperature of the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature and the waste heat recycled through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature by heat exchange action.The cold wind that first air blast 150 passes into absorbs and become hot blast after the first Purge gas heat of once lowering the temperature, and for incinerator, can improve the temperature of air themperature and incinerator.
S33, the temperature of the first Purge gas after reducing temperature twice is down to less than 200 DEG C.
The first Purge gas after reducing temperature twice can be passed into spray quench tower 134 in S33 and carry out forced cooling, make its temperature drop to less than 200 DEG C, avoid the generation of bioxin.
Acidic materials in the first Purge gas after S34, removal cooling are with dioxin.
The method of spraying active carbon and calcium hydroxide in the flue of spray quench tower 134 to sack cleaner 137 can be adopted, to the acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with dioxin adsorbs.Acidic materials can be one or more in sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide.
S35, to eliminating acidic materials with the first Purge gas after the cooling of dioxin is carried out final dusting and is formed the second Purge gas.
In the present embodiment, acidic materials will can be eliminated with the first Purge gas after the cooling of dioxin passes into sack cleaner 137 thus carries out final dusting.
The course of work of sack cleaner 137 is as follows: eliminate acidic materials He filter bag by sack cleaner 137 of the first Purge gas after the cooling of dioxin time, dust is trapped within the outer surface of filter bag thus the dust removed in gas.The gas eliminating dust again in sack cleaner 137 Venturi tube enter upper box, discharge from outlet.Programmable logic controller (PLC) (ProgrammableLogicController, PLC) control regularly to trigger each control valve in order to open, compressed air in the gas bag of the second air blast is sprayed (title First air) by the eyelet of injection tube, by the Venturi tube of sack cleaner 137, the surrounding air (title Secondary Air) being several times as much as First air is induced to enter the filter bag of sack cleaner 137, filter bag is sharply being expanded in a flash, and along with the acting in opposition of air-flow, shake off dust.Fallen into ash bucket by the dust shaken off, discharge through ash discharge mechanism.
Sack cleaner 137 is provided with emergent bypass system, is used for ensureing that sack cleaner 137 is when breaking down or overhauling, and Pneumatic butterfly valve can automatically switch, to ensure the normal operation of equipment.Such as when gas temperature exceedes certain value, Pneumatic butterfly valve can automatically switch, and allows high-temperature gas directly discharge, and without sack cleaner 137, in order to avoid damage sack cleaner 137, ensures that it normally runs.
S36, remove acidic materials in the second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas.
In the present embodiment, spray absorber 138 is adopted to remove acidic materials in the second Purge gas with dioxin.Acidic materials can be one or more in sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide.
S37, to the 3rd Purge gas dehydration formed Purge gas.
Mist water separator 139 can be adopted in S37 to carry out processed to the 3rd Purge gas.
The Purge gas formed after above-mentioned battery recycling disposal methods has poisonous and harmful substance and dust content is few, the advantage such as odorless and sufficient combustion.The Purge gas formed after above-mentioned battery recycling disposal methods can be introduced chimney through air-introduced machine and enter atmosphere.
Further, in step S10, by battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then in the process of 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min, also can form the waste material after cells burst, waste material transports from the ash discharging gear of rotary kiln combustion chamber 110.Can comprise the following steps the process of this waste material:
Waste material carried out sieve, leach, chemical cleaning method, extraction deep purifying, Separation of nickel and cobalt, organics removal, crystallization and drying process prepare high-purity sulphuric acid nickel and cobaltous sulfate.
Above-mentioned battery recycling processing method, first burn battery under the condition of 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C 30min ~ 60min, make the abundant pyrolytic destruction of the sealing ring of battery, hydrogen in battery and organic solvent are discharged, and it is by negative pressure device, it is emptying, can effectively prevent battery from high temperature exploding, then battery is made to burn under the condition of 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C 15min ~ 20min, by fully oxidized for the organic matter in battery, pyrolysis, burning, and effectively control the generation of foul smell and oxynitrides, then the first flue gas produced by cells burst again makes the first flue gas burn completely at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s, remove peculiar smell and stench, form the second flue gas, second flue gas being formed after a series of purified treatment Purge gas is discharged in air, above-mentioned battery recycling processing method can not be blasted, handling safety.
Be appreciated that S32 can omit when heat does not need to recycle.Now, the temperature of the first Purge gas directly drops to less than 200 DEG C.When temperature drops to acidic materials in first Purge gas of less than 200 DEG C with when dioxin is less, S34 also can omit.Now, the first Purge gas that temperature drops to less than 200 DEG C directly carries out final dusting.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (8)
1. a battery recycling treatment system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Rotary kiln combustion chamber, described rotary kiln combustion chamber comprises the first combustion zone and the second combustion zone, described first combustion zone is used for by described battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, and described second combustion zone is used for the battery after 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burnings to form the first flue gas at 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min;
Secondary combustion chamber, with described rotary kiln combustion chamber, for forming the second flue gas by described first flue gas from the discharge of described rotary kiln combustion chamber at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s; And
Flue gas purifying equipment, is communicated with described secondary combustion chamber, forms Purge gas for carrying out purified treatment to described second flue gas;
Described flue gas purifying equipment comprises:
Cyclone, is communicated with described secondary combustion chamber, forms the first Purge gas for carrying out one-time dedusting to described second flue gas;
Spray quench tower, is communicated with described cyclone, for the temperature of described first Purge gas is down to less than 200 DEG C;
Sack cleaner, is communicated with described spray quench tower, forms the second Purge gas for carrying out final dusting to the first Purge gas after cooling;
Spray absorber, is communicated with described sack cleaner, for removing the acidic materials in described second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas;
Mist water separator, is communicated with described spray absorber, for forming Purge gas to described 3rd Purge gas dehydration.
2. battery recycling treatment system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described flue gas purifying equipment also comprises:
Steam generator, is communicated with described cyclone, for once lowering the temperature to described first Purge gas;
G-G heat exchanger, is communicated with described steam generator and described spray quench tower, for the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice and recycling the waste heat through first Purge gas of once lowering the temperature.
3. battery recycling treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flue gas purifying equipment also comprises active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus, described active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus are located at described spray quench tower on the flue of described sack cleaner, and described active carbon injection apparatus and calcium hydroxide injection apparatus are for removing acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with dioxin.
4. a battery recycling processing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
By described battery at 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then form the first flue gas at 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min;
Described first flue gas is formed the second flue gas at 1200 DEG C ~ 1350 DEG C burning 1s ~ 2s; And
Purified treatment is carried out to described second flue gas and forms Purge gas;
Describedly purified treatment is carried out to described second flue gas form the operation of Purge gas and comprise the following steps:
One-time dedusting is carried out to described second flue gas and forms the first Purge gas;
The temperature of described first Purge gas is down to less than 200 DEG C;
Final dusting is carried out to the first Purge gas after cooling and forms the second Purge gas;
Remove the acidic materials in described second Purge gas with dioxin forms the 3rd Purge gas;
Purge gas is formed to described 3rd Purge gas dehydration.
5. battery recycling processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, one-time dedusting is carried out to described second flue gas form the step of the first Purge gas and the described temperature by described first Purge gas is down between the step of less than 200 DEG C described, further comprising the steps of:
Described first Purge gas once being lowered the temperature, then the first Purge gas through once lowering the temperature being carried out reducing temperature twice.
6. battery recycling processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described temperature by described first Purge gas is down to the step of less than 200 DEG C and described the first Purge gas after cooling is carried out to final dusting and formed between the step of the second Purge gas, further comprising the steps of:
Acidic materials in the first Purge gas after removal cooling are with dioxin.
7. battery recycling processing method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, describedly remove acidic materials in the first Purge gas after cooling with in the operation of dioxin, adopt one or both in active carbon and calcium hydroxide to the acidic materials in the first Purge gas after described cooling with dioxin is removed.
8. battery recycling processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described by described battery 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C burning 30min ~ 60min, then 300 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C burning 15min ~ 20min formed in the operation of the first flue gas, the mode of burning is rotary combustion.
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| CN103730704B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-03-16 | 赣州市豪鹏科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of waste secondary battery |
| CN107441915A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-08 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A treatment method for waste power battery pyrolysis waste gas |
| CN109193058B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2024-04-02 | 荆门动力电池再生技术有限公司 | Waste lithium battery treatment method and equipment |
| CN109550568A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-02 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | A kind of used Li ion cell cracking and sorting technique |
| CN109604024A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-04-12 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | Used Li ion cell crushing-separating apparatus and method |
| CN109647161A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-19 | 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 | The processing system and processing method of flue gas after a kind of useless lithium battery particle charing |
| CN115569479A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-01-06 | 上海第二工业大学 | Tail gas treatment system in crushing and sorting process of scrapped power lithium battery |
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