Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of existing crackle, have the method for the high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic of good resistance shock stability and thermal stability again.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, it is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps: that (1) makes the ceramic paste preforms body and carries out drying, and is standby; (2) dried ceramic paste preforms body is immersed in the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar 3~8 seconds, it is standby to take out dry back; (3) fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, the firing time is 9~13 hours, and firing temperature begins to rise to 1080~1135 ℃ by room temperature, fires and ends fire after finishing, and is cooled to 200~280 ℃ naturally, opens wicket; (4) after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, take out ceramic semi-finished product, left standstill at normal temperatures 1~3 day, the glaze layer on ceramic semi-finished product surface is cracked; (5) ceramic semi-finished product that cracks is immersed in the colored glaze slip, the immersion time is 3~8 seconds, and the dry back of taking-up is standby; (6) will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 12~18 hours, firing temperature begins to rise to 1250~1320 ℃ by room temperature, fire and end fire after finishing, naturally be cooled to 200~280 ℃, open wicket, after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, the described drying of step (1) is carried out biscuiting, 700~800 ℃ of biscuiting temperature, 4~6 hours time for the ceramic paste preforms body is put in the kiln.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, the described blank of making the ceramic paste preforms body of step (1) is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: feldspar 20~30%, quartz 25~35%, clay material 4~5%, kaolin 35~45%.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, the preparation method of the transparent glaze slip of the described high temperature feldspar of step (2) is: weight percent is taken by weighing following raw material: feldspar 45~52%, quartzy 22~30%, ripe talcum 8~12%, clay 3~7%, porcelain powder 8~12%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium silicate 1%, kaolin 3% drops into the various raw materials that take by weighing in the ball mill ball milling 48~72 hours, the glaze slip fineness is 250 mesh sieves, adds the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar that 1~2% ammonia chloride stirs 43~47 ° of Be ' of furnishing.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, described the firing of step (3) is specially: fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, firing time is 6~8 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, make firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, 3~5 hours firing times, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, make firing temperature continue to rise to 1080~1135 ℃, end fire, be cooled to 200~280 ℃ naturally, open wicket.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, the described band color of step (5) glaze slip is the transparent glaze slip of colored high temperature feldspar.
In the method for above-mentioned a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic, described the firing of step (6) is specially: will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 6~9 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, make firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, continued to fire 6~9 hours, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, make firing temperature continue to rise to 1250~1320 ℃, end fire, be cooled to 200~280 ℃ naturally, open wicket after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.
After the present invention adopts aforesaid method, by low-firing high temperature feldspar transparent on ceramic body at first, and utilize the principle of its cold cracking, the glaze layer of billet surface is cracked, simultaneously owing to be low-firing, base substrate is not magnetization also, also has water absorbing properties, therefore carrying out secondary again soaks colored glaze slip, because base substrate is not magnetization also, also have water absorbing properties, so glaze will be deposited in the cracks of firing for the first time, form and have relief crackle, carry out the complete high-temperature firing of secondary again, with the crackle of producing for the first time be wrapped in second layer glaze below, make finished product both have the crackle effect of stereo concave-convex sense, have good seismic resistance and thermal stability again.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but do not constitute any limitation of the invention.
The method of a kind of high-temperature firing under glazed look crackle pyroceramic of the present invention is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) make the ceramic paste preforms body, the ceramic paste preforms body is put into carried out the biscuiting drying in the kiln, 700~800 ℃ of biscuiting temperature, time 4-6 hour, standby, biscuiting is for adding the rate of drying of quick base substrate, and was not necessarily necessary; Making the blank of ceramic paste preforms body is made up of the raw material of following weight parts: feldspar 20~30%, quartz 25~35%, clay material 4~5%, kaolin 35~45%.Its preparation method is the ordinary method of this area, be generally each raw material wash respectively calcining selection → each raw material coarse crushing respectively → by each raw material of each raw material of proportioning weighing → after will taking by weighing add water carry out in broken → stock tank stir → starch the mud conveying → ball milling → deironing of sieving → stock tank stirring → press filtration → slightly choose → old → vacuum pugging → shaping base substrate.
(2) dried ceramic paste preforms body is immersed in the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar 3~8 seconds, make the thickness of ceramic surface glaze layer reach 3~8mm, to reach good crackle effect, soaked the back and taken out after dry standby; The preparation method of the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar that adopts in the present embodiment is: weight percent is taken by weighing following raw material: feldspar 45~52%, quartz 22~30%, ripe talcum 8~12%, clay 3~7%, porcelain powder 8~12%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium silicate 1%, kaolin 3%, the various raw materials that take by weighing are dropped in the ball mill, ball milling 48~72 hours, the glaze slip fineness is 250 mesh sieves, adds the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar that 1~2% ammonia chloride stirs 43~47 ° of Be ' of furnishing.° Be ' is concentration unit, Chinese: Baume or degree Beaume are to immerse in the solution the measured number of degrees with B to represent strength of solution.According to concrete needs, the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar also can also adopt other prescription to draw, and its concentration also can be regulated as the case may be.
(3) fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, firing time is 6~8 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, and kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, 3~5 hours firing times, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1080~1135 ℃, ends fire, naturally be cooled to 200~280 ℃, open wicket.Adopt this mode of firing, glaze slip is fusion, but also not magnetization of ceramic paste preforms also has water absorbing properties.
(4) after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, take out ceramic semi-finished product, left standstill at normal temperatures 1~3 day, the glaze layer on ceramic semi-finished product surface is cracked; Crackle generally is just to begin slowly to produce after kiln discharge, therefore, must just can form crackle at ceramic surface through leaving standstill after a while.Time of repose is long, and then crackle is many and close; If time of repose is short, then crackle is few and thin.
(5) ceramic semi-finished product that cracks is immersed in the colored glaze slip, the immersion time is 3~8 seconds, and the time is according to the thick of the lines of the product that will make or carefully decide, has soaked after the back taking-up drying standby; Ceramic semi-finished product immerses in the glaze slip, because the also not magnetization of the moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake of ceramic semi-finished product also has water absorbing properties, so moisture content immerses moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake and be absorbed from the slit, and glaze can't enter the slit, will pile up outside the slit, forms to have relief lines.
Band color glaze slip is the transparent glaze slip of colored high temperature feldspar in the present embodiment, its preparation method generally is the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar with routine, color as required, add a spot of other chemicals namely, for example need green glaze slip, then add chromium sesquioxide, the depth according to required green, the many of chromium sesquioxide can be selected to add with few, according to the concentration of required glaze slip, the many of water can be selected to add with few; For another example, blue if desired, then add cobalt sesquioxide, the depth of color and the height of concentration are then identical with the aforesaid operations mode.
In addition, the step of immersion also can repeat, and can make the better effects if of immersion, stereoscopic sensation stronger like this.And above-mentioned steps (3) can repeat to step (5), and purpose is to multicolour on the pottery, according to this mode, can give the multiple color of ceramic sintering.And, according to this mode, immersing the operation of carrying out glazing for the second time in the glaze in the above-mentioned steps, can not exclusively immerse, can only soak a part, go up a kind of look, low temperature soaks another part after burning again, go up another kind of look again, by that analogy, can realize the polychrome firing ceramics product of variedization.
(6) will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 6~9 hours, and temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, continued to fire 6~9 hours, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1250~1320 ℃, end fire, naturally be cooled to 200~280 ℃, open wicket after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.
Embodiment 1
(1) make the ceramic paste preforms body, and the ceramic paste preforms body put into carry out the biscuiting drying in the kiln, 700 ℃ of biscuiting temperature, 4 hours time, standby.
(2) make the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar, weight percent is taken by weighing following raw material: feldspar 48%, quartzy 22%, ripe talcum 10%, clay 3%, porcelain powder 12%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium silicate 1%, kaolin 3% drops into the various raw materials that take by weighing in the ball mill ball milling 48 hours, the glaze slip fineness is 250 mesh sieves, adds the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar that 1% ammonia chloride stirs 43 ° of Be ' of furnishing.
(3) dried ceramic paste preforms body is immersed in the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar 3 seconds, make the thickness of the glaze layer of ceramic surface reach about 3mm, soaked the back and taken out after the drying standby;
(4) fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, firing time is 6 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, and kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, 3 hours firing times, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1080~1135 ℃, ends fire, naturally be cooled to 200 ℃, open wicket.
(5) after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, take out ceramic semi-finished product, left standstill at normal temperatures 1 day, make the glaze layer on ceramic semi-finished product surface produce more sparse crackle.
(6) make colored glaze slip: be that 90% concentration is the high temperature feldspar transparent of 43 ° of Be ' with weight percent, with weight percent be that 10% chromium sesquioxide adds water and stirs the green glaze slip that is modulated into 10~20 ° of Be '.
(7) ceramic semi-finished product that cracks is immersed in the colored glaze slip, the immersion time is 3 seconds, has soaked the back and has taken out drying, forms the colored lines with protruding sense on the ceramic semi-finished product surface, and is standby.
(8) will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 6 hours, and temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, continued to fire 6 hours, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1250~1320 ℃, end fire, naturally be cooled to 200 ℃, open wicket after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.
Embodiment 2
(1) make the ceramic paste preforms body, and the ceramic paste preforms body put into carry out the biscuiting drying in the kiln, 750 ℃ of biscuiting temperature, 5 hours time, standby.
(2) make the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar, weight percent is taken by weighing following raw material: feldspar 52%, quartzy 23%, ripe talcum 8%, clay 3%, porcelain powder 9%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium silicate 1%, kaolin 3% drops into the various raw materials that take by weighing in the ball mill ball milling 60 hours, the glaze slip fineness is 250 mesh sieves, adds 1.5% ammonia chloride and stirs the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar of transferring Be ' at 45.
(3) dried ceramic paste preforms body is immersed in the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar 5 seconds, make the thickness of the glaze layer of ceramic surface reach 5mm, to reach good crackle effect, soaked the back and taken out after dry standby;
(4) fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, firing time is 7 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, and kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, 4 hours firing times, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1080~1135 ℃, ends fire, naturally be cooled to 250 ℃, open wicket.
(5) after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, take out ceramic semi-finished product, left standstill at normal temperatures 2 days, the glaze layer on ceramic semi-finished product surface is cracked; Time of repose is long, and then crackle is many and close; Time of repose is short, and then crackle is few and thin.
(6) make colored glaze slip: be that 92% concentration is the high temperature feldspar transparent of 45 ° of Be ' with weight percent, with weight percent be that 8% chromium sesquioxide adds water and stirs the green glaze slip that is modulated into 25~35 ° of Be '.
(7) ceramic semi-finished product that cracks is immersed in the colored glaze slip, the immersion time is 5 seconds, has soaked the back and has taken out drying, forms the colored lines with protruding sense on the ceramic semi-finished product surface, and is standby.
(8) will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 7 hours, and temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, continued to fire 7 hours, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1250~1320 ℃, end fire, naturally be cooled to 250 ℃, open wicket after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.
Embodiment 3
(1) make the ceramic paste preforms body, and the ceramic paste preforms body put into carry out the biscuiting drying in the kiln, 800 ℃ of biscuiting temperature, 7 hours time, standby.
(2) make the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar, weight percent is taken by weighing following raw material: feldspar 45%, quartzy 30%, ripe talcum 8%, clay 4%, porcelain powder 8%, zinc oxide 1%, zirconium silicate 1%, kaolin 3% drops into the various raw materials that take by weighing in the ball mill ball milling 72 hours, the glaze slip fineness is 250 mesh sieves, adds the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar that 1~2% ammonia chloride stirs 47 ° of Be ' of furnishing.
(3) dried ceramic paste preforms body is immersed in the transparent glaze slip of high temperature feldspar 8 seconds, make the thickness of the glaze layer of ceramic surface reach 8mm, to reach good crackle effect, soaked the back and taken out after dry standby;
(4) fire after will soaking the loading of kiln of the dried ceramic paste preforms body of glaze, firing time is 8 hours, temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, and kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, 5 hours firing times, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1080~1135 ℃, ends fire, naturally be cooled to 280 ℃, open wicket.Adopt this mode of firing, glaze slip is fusion, but also not magnetization of ceramic paste preforms also has water absorbing properties.
(5) after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, take out ceramic semi-finished product, left standstill at normal temperatures 3 days, make the glaze layer on ceramic semi-finished product surface produce closeer crackle.
(6) make colored glaze slip: be that 95% concentration is the high temperature feldspar transparent of 47 ° of Be ' with weight percent, with weight percent be that 5% cobalt sesquioxide adds water and stirs the blue glaze slip that is modulated into 25~35 ° of Be '.
(7) ceramic semi-finished product that cracks is immersed in the colored glaze slip, the immersion time is 8 seconds, has soaked the back and has taken out drying, forms the colored lines with protruding sense on the ceramic semi-finished product surface, and is standby.
(8) will fire after the dried ceramic semi-finished product loading of kiln of double dipping, firing time is 9 hours, and temperature rise rate is 130~210 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature begin to be raised to 920~990 ℃ from room temperature, kiln temperature continuation rising is fired then, continued to fire 9 hours, temperature rise rate is 30~50 ℃/hour, makes firing temperature continue to rise to 1250~1320 ℃, end fire, naturally be cooled to 280 ℃, open wicket after kiln temperature is down to room temperature, after the taking-up namely.