CN103197688A - Flat single-axis tracker of solar photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Flat single-axis tracker of solar photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system. The flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises a flat single-axis tracking bracket and a linkage mechanism, and further comprises a redundancy control part. The redundancy control part comprises a main control system A, a standby system B, an inclination sensor A and an inclination sensor B. The inclination sensor A and the inclination sensor B are respectively installed on an inclined surface of the tracker or the tracking bracket, and directing directions of the inclination sensor A and the inclination sensor B are perpendicular to a solar cell panel. The inclination sensor A is further connected on the main control system A, the inclination sensor B is further connected on the standby system B, and the main control system A and the standby system B are mutually connected and conduct double-directional communication. Due to the fact that the redundancy control part is added, and the main control system A and the standby system B are mutually connected and conduct the double-direction communication, reliability of the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system, in particular to a solar flat single-axis tracker.
Background
The solar flat single-axis tracker has the same floor area and cost as fixed solar installation, but can be adjusted along with different solar azimuth angles, so that the power generation amount is obviously improved.
The existing flat single-axis tracker adopts single drive and control, the reliability is not high enough, and the system can not work due to the fault of any link, so that the maintenance cost of the system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the reliability of a flat single-axis tracker in the prior art is not high enough, the invention provides a redundant flat single-axis tracker which can ensure that a system can run reliably for a long time and greatly reduce the maintenance cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a flat single-axis tracker of solar photovoltaic power generation system, includes flat single-axis tracking support and link gear, still includes the redundancy control part, the redundancy control part includes: the solar tracking system comprises a main control system A, a backup system B, an inclination angle sensor A and an inclination angle sensor B, wherein the inclination angle sensor A and the inclination angle sensor B are respectively installed on an inclined plane or a tracking support of the tracker, the pointing direction of the inclination angle sensor A is perpendicular to a solar cell panel, the inclination angle sensor A is connected to the main control system A, the inclination angle sensor B is connected to the backup system B, and the main control system A and the backup system B are connected with each other and carry out two-way communication.
Preferably, the master control system a and the backup system B are connected to the remote monitoring system through an external bus.
After the scheme is adopted, the redundancy control part is added, and the main control system A and the backup system B are connected with each other and carry out bidirectional communication, so that the reliability of the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is improved, and the maintenance cost is reduced.
In order to further increase the reliability, it is preferable to further include a redundant driving part including: motor drive module A, motor drive module B, selector, two redundant modules of motor and limit switch, wherein, motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to simultaneously the selector, the selector is connected to two redundant modules of motor, two redundant module output shafts of motor are connected to limit switch, and limit switch control normally closed switch, normally closed switch connects motor drive module A and motor drive module B's input power, just motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to major control system A and backup system B respectively again, major control system A and backup system B connect respectively and control motor drive module A and motor drive module B.
Further, it is preferable that the dual motor redundancy module includes: the main driving motor and the standby motor are two motors with the same model, wherein the main driving motor and the standby motor respectively output power to a linkage shaft of a linkage mechanism of the tracker through the meshing output module.
Further, it is preferable that a manual/automatic changeover switch is further provided, and the meshing output module controls the output of power by the main drive motor or the backup motor through the automatic/manual changeover switch.
Further, it is preferable that the selector is a single relay or a combination of relays.
Further, it is preferable that the main driving motor and the standby motor in the dual-motor redundancy module are rotary motors or electric push rods or lifting motors.
Further, preferably, the meshing output module in the dual-motor redundant module is in a meshing mode of helical gear meshing, conical gear meshing or straight gear meshing.
Further, it is preferable that a redundant power supply section is further included, wherein the redundant power supply section includes: the power supply comprises a power supply module A and a power supply module B, AC/DC converter A, AC/DC converter B, wherein the power supply module A and the power supply module B are connected in parallel, the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B are connected in parallel, the input ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B which are connected in parallel are connected with alternating current, the output ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B are divided into two paths, one path of power supply is directly used for supplying power to the motor driving module A and the motor driving module B, the other path of power supply is connected with the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B which are connected in parallel, and the direct current output by the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B is connected.
The invention further improves the reliability of the flat single-shaft tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system and reduces the maintenance cost.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the above advantages of the present invention will be more apparent. Wherein,
FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a flat single axis tracker for a solar photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention.
The system comprises a power module A, a power module B, a power module 3, an AC/DC converter A, a power module 4, an AC/DC converter B, a power module 5, a motor driving module A, a motor driving module B, a motor driving module 7, a selector 8, a dual-electric redundant motor module 9, a limit switch 10, a normally closed switch 11, a main control system A, a main control system 12, a backup system B, a backup system 13, an inclination angle sensor A, a inclination angle sensor B, an inclination angle sensor 15, an alternating current input 16, a main driving motor 17, a backup motor 18 and a meshing output module.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
Specifically, the invention mainly aims at the problem that the reliability of a flat single-axis tracker in the prior art is not high enough, and provides a redundant flat single-axis tracker which can ensure that a system can run reliably for a long time and greatly reduce the maintenance cost.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system mainly includes a common flat single-axis tracker bracket and a linkage mechanism, and in a preferred embodiment, the flat single-axis tracker further includes a redundant driving portion, a redundant control portion and a redundant power supply portion.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the redundant control section of the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises: the solar tracking system comprises a main control system A11, a backup system B12, an inclination sensor A13 and an inclination sensor B14, wherein the inclination sensor A13 and the inclination sensor B14 are respectively installed on an inclined plane or a tracking bracket of the tracker, the pointing direction of the inclination sensor A is perpendicular to a solar panel, the inclination sensor A is connected to the main control system A, the inclination sensor B is connected to the backup system B, and the main control system A and the backup system B are connected with each other and conduct two-way communication.
Wherein, its working method is introduced as follows simply:
when the master control system A detects that the tilt sensor A has a fault, the master control system A communicates with the backup system B to obtain data of the tilt sensor B for use, and meanwhile, the master control system A sends a fault alarm signal of the tilt sensor A to an external bus.
When the master control system A breaks down, the backup system B can detect when the master control system A communicates, the backup system B can obtain the control right, and the selector is controlled to be switched to the motor driving module B to work by using the backup data of the master control system A and the data of the tilt sensor B.
In the embodiment, the tilt sensor a has a fault, where the fault indicates that the main control system a cannot obtain tilt data from the tilt sensor or that a difference between angle data obtained by the main control system a from the tilt sensor a and angle data obtained by the backup system B from the tilt sensor B reaches 1 degree or more.
In this embodiment, since the redundant control part is added, and the main control system a and the backup system B are connected to each other and communicate bidirectionally, it improves the reliability of the flat single-axis tracker of the solar photovoltaic power generation system and reduces the maintenance cost.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the master control system a and the backup system B are two circuit boards with identical design and interface, where the circuit boards use a micro-program controller MCU or a programmable logic controller PLC as a master control chip, and main components may be the same as those of a master control system in the prior art, and implementation logic inside the MCU or the PLC may be implemented by those skilled in the art, and detailed description of specific design logic and structure inside the MCU or the PLC is not provided herein.
In order to further increase the reliability, in a preferred embodiment, a redundant driving portion is further added, wherein the redundant driving portion includes: motor drive module A5, motor drive module B6, selector 7, two redundant module of motor 8 and limit switch 9, wherein, motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to simultaneously the selector, the selector is connected to two redundant module of motor, two redundant module output shaft of motor are to limit switch 9, limit switch control normally closed switch 10, normally closed switch connects motor drive module A5 and motor drive module B6's input power supply, just motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to major control system A and backup system B respectively again, major control system A and backup system B connect respectively and control motor drive module A and motor drive module B.
Further, it is preferable that the dual motor redundancy module includes: the tracking device comprises a main driving motor 16, a standby motor 17 and a meshing output module 18, wherein the main driving motor and the standby motor are two motors with the same model, and the main driving motor and the standby motor respectively output power to a linkage shaft of a linkage mechanism of the tracker through the meshing output module.
Further, it is preferable that a manual/automatic changeover switch is further provided, and the meshing output module controls the output of power by the main drive motor or the backup motor through the automatic/manual changeover switch.
Further, it is preferable that the selector is a single relay or a combination of relays.
Further, it is preferable that the main driving motor and the standby motor in the dual-motor redundancy module are rotary motors or electric push rods or lifting motors.
Further, preferably, the meshing output module in the dual-motor redundant module is in a meshing mode of helical gear meshing, conical gear meshing or straight gear meshing.
When the motor driving module A breaks down, the master control system A informs the backup system B after detecting that the backup system B obtains the control right, the backup system A switches to the motor driving module B for working through the control selector by using the backup data obtained from the master control system A, and simultaneously the master control system A sends out a fault alarm signal of the motor driving module A to an external bus.
In addition, in the redundant driving part, when the motor A fails, all power supply and control interfaces on the motor A are automatically/manually switched to the corresponding interfaces of the motor B, and the meshing output module is automatically/manually switched from the motor A to the motor B.
In addition, when one motor driving module fails, the control part commands the selector to switch to the other normal motor driving module to work.
The motor driving module A and the motor driving module B are simultaneously connected to the selector, the selector is connected to the dual-motor redundancy module, an output shaft of the dual-motor redundancy module is connected to a limit switch, the limit switch controls the normally closed switch, the normally closed switch is connected with input power supplies of the motor driving module A and the motor driving module B, and the motor driving module A and the motor driving module B are respectively connected to the master control system
In addition, in a preferred embodiment, a redundant power supply portion is further added, wherein the redundant power supply portion includes: the device comprises a power supply module A1, a power supply module B2, an AC/DC converter A4 and an AC/DC converter B5, wherein the power supply module A and the power supply module B are connected in parallel, the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B are connected in parallel, the input ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B which are connected in parallel are connected with an alternating current 15, the output ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B are divided into two paths, one path of the power supply module A directly supplies power to the motor drive module A and the motor drive module B, the other path of the power supply module A is connected with the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B which are connected in parallel, and the direct current output by the AC/DC converter A and the AC.
Wherein each power module and each AC/DC converter is individually capable of supporting the operation of the entire system. Therefore, when a power module or an AC/DC converter is damaged in the power supply part, the system can still operate normally.
In a specific embodiment, when the system is initially powered on, the selector is switched to the motor driving module a, and the motor driving module a drives the main driving motor to work.
In addition, in a specific embodiment, the power module a and the power module B are power devices with the same specification parameters, and the energy consumption of the whole system can be satisfied by satisfying any one of the power modules. It generally includes functions such as lightning protection, Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), etc.
And the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B are AC/DC converters with the same specification parameters, and the rated output power of any path of AC/DC converter is larger than the consumption power of the direct current required by the whole system.
Specifically, the redundant power supply part is implemented as follows:
the input and output ends of the power supply modules A and B are directly connected in parallel, when one of the power supply modules has a fault, the fault is equivalent to an open circuit, the current can directly pass through the other path without influencing normal operation, and meanwhile, the fault path of the lightning protection device gives fault prompt information.
The input ends of the AC/DC converters are connected in parallel, the output end of the AC/DC converters is provided with a reverse-flow prevention device, and when one of the AC/DC converters is damaged and disconnected, the other AC/DC converter can work normally; when one of the AC/DC converters is damaged and short-circuited, the other AC/DC converter can also work normally because of the backflow prevention device.
In addition, the above-mentioned master control system (control system) is explained in detail, that is, when the motor driving module a fails, the control system controls the selector to switch after obtaining the information, and the motor driving module B operates; when the main driving motor breaks down, the control system can control the switching mechanism to automatically switch the corresponding electrical interface and the mechanical interface to the standby motor, or the control system sends out a prompt to switch manually, and when the driving motor runs over a limited position, the limit switch acts to control the input power supply of the motor driving module to be cut off, and the driving system stops running.
And when the motor runs to the position beyond the limit, the limit switch cuts off the input power supply, the motor stops working, meanwhile, the master control system A obtains a signal of the action of the limit switch, and the master control system A sends a fault alarm signal of the limit switch to an external bus.
In a specific implementation scenario, a control box is provided, wherein the control box includes a core part including a motor driving module a, a motor driving module B, a main control system a, and a backup system B, a main driving motor is installed in the middle of the system and connected to a flat single-shaft driving shaft, a backup driving motor is disposed beside the main driving motor as a backup, and the control box is disposed below the driving motor.
The control box is internally provided with two driving modules, two power supply modules, a main control system, a backup system and other necessary parts connected between the two driving modules and the two power supply modules. In the implementation scenario of the present example, the tilt sensor a and the tilt sensor B are respectively installed on the panels at the diagonal positions of the system.
As shown in fig. 2, the redundancy implementation of the entire tracker is as follows:
as shown in the flowchart of fig. 2, the initial system is powered on, the default master control system a is driven to close, and the backup system B is suspended.
The master control system a and the backup system B both obtain tilt angle data from their respective tilt angle sensors.
The main control system A and the backup system B respectively utilize an astronomical algorithm to calculate the solar angle.
And the main control system A and the backup system B respectively carry out self-checking task operation.
The master control system A and the backup system B carry out communication and exchange of information such as an inclination angle, a clock angle, a solar angle, self-checking faults and the like.
The master control system a and the backup system B determine whether there is fault information in the exchanged information, where the fault information includes: the difference between the inclination angle data, the clock data and the solar angle data of the two systems is more than 5 percent, or one system receives the prompt fault of the other system.
When the master control system A detects the faults of various data errors, the master control system A sends fault prompts to maintenance personnel, and the system still operates according to the master control system A.
When the backup system B detects the failure of the main control system A, the system B controls the selector to be switched to the motor driving module B to work, at the moment, the backup system B serves as the main control system to work, and meanwhile, the backup system B sends out failure information of the main control system A to inform maintenance personnel.
When the motor driving module A breaks down, the main control system A sends an instruction to the backup system B, the backup system B controls the selector to switch power supply to the motor driving module B to work, and meanwhile, the main control system A sends out a fault information prompt of the motor driving module A. And when the fault of the motor driving module A is eliminated, switching to the motor driving module A again to work.
When the tilt sensor A breaks down, the main control system A obtains the tilt information of the tilt sensor B through information communication with the backup system B. And simultaneously, the master control system A sends out fault prompt information of the tilt sensor A.
When the master control system A and the backup system B are communicated with each other, when the backup system B detects that the master control system A fails, the backup system B obtains the control right, and the backup system B controls the selector to be switched to the motor driving module B to work.
When the main driving motor breaks down, the main control system sends out a failure prompt in the example, the maintenance personnel switch the electric interface of the main driving motor to the standby driving motor, then the motor and the flat single-shaft driving shaft are connected to the part to be switched from the main driving motor to the standby driving motor, the system can normally work, and then the main driving motor is replaced or maintained.
In some other examples, the main driving motor is failed, and the control system can also control the main driving motor and the backup driving motor to automatically switch the electrical interface and the mechanical interface.
The invention realizes redundant backup in the aspects of power supply, drive, control and the like, greatly improves the reliability of the common flat single-shaft tracker, and has good technical effect because the cost is increased and the maintenance cost is reduced by negligible amount.
It should be noted that the main control system a or the backup system B in this embodiment may adopt closed-loop control, for example, the main control system a calculates a solar angle according to an algorithm, outputs a control signal to the motor driving module a, and drives the motor to adjust the inclination angle of the flat single-axis system. And meanwhile, data are obtained from the tilt angle sensor A and fed back to the main control system A for closed-loop control.
Also, open loop control may be employed: the main control system A calculates a solar angle according to an algorithm, outputs a control signal to the motor driving module A, and drives the motor to adjust the inclination angle of the flat single-axis system. In which case the system does not include a tilt sensor.
The master control system A and the backup system B are communicated with each other at regular intervals, clock data, tilt angle sensor data, states of motor driving modules connected with the master control system A and the backup system B are exchanged, and when the master control system A and the backup system B detect that the backup system B has a fault during the communication, an alarm signal is sent to an external bus to inform maintenance personnel to check the fault.
And when the master control system A and the backup system B are in mutual communication, and the backup system B detects that the master control system A has a fault, the backup system B intervenes to obtain the system control right to ensure the normal operation of the system, and simultaneously sends out an alarm signal to an external bus to inform maintenance personnel to check.
In addition, after the system fault is eliminated by the maintenance personnel, the system is powered on and reset again, at the moment, the main control system A regains the control right of the system, and the backup system B continues to play a standby role.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flat single-axis tracker of solar photovoltaic power generation system, includes flat single-axis tracking support and link gear, its characterized in that still includes the redundancy control part, the redundancy control part includes: the solar tracking system comprises a main control system A, a backup system B, an inclination angle sensor A and an inclination angle sensor B, wherein the inclination angle sensor A and the inclination angle sensor B are respectively installed on an inclined plane or a tracking support of the tracker, the pointing direction of the inclination angle sensor A is perpendicular to a solar cell panel, the inclination angle sensor A is connected to the main control system A, the inclination angle sensor B is connected to the backup system B, and the main control system A and the backup system B are connected with each other and carry out two-way communication.
2. The flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 1, wherein said master control system a and said backup system B are connected to a remote monitoring system through an external bus.
3. The flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the master control system a and the backup system B are two circuit boards with identical design and interface, wherein the circuit boards adopt a micro-program controller MCU or a programmable logic controller PLC as a master control chip.
4. The flat single-axis tracker for a solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a redundant driving section comprising: motor drive module A, motor drive module B, selector, two redundant modules of motor and limit switch, wherein, motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to simultaneously the selector, the selector is connected to two redundant modules of motor, two redundant module output shafts of motor are connected to limit switch, and limit switch control normally closed switch, normally closed switch connects motor drive module A and motor drive module B's input power, just motor drive module A and motor drive module B are connected to major control system A and backup system B respectively again, major control system A and backup system B connect respectively and control motor drive module A and motor drive module B.
5. The flat single-axis tracker for a solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 4, wherein said dual-motor redundancy module comprises: the main driving motor and the standby motor are two motors with the same model, wherein the main driving motor and the standby motor respectively output power to a linkage shaft of a linkage mechanism of the tracker through the meshing output module.
6. The flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 5, further comprising a manual/automatic switch, wherein the engagement output module controls the output of power from the main driving motor or the backup motor through the automatic/manual switch.
7. The flat single-axis tracker for a solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that said selector is a single relay or a combination of relays.
8. The flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 5, wherein the main driving motor and the standby motor in the dual-motor redundancy module are rotary motors or electric push rods or lifting motors.
9. The flat single-axis tracker of a solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 5, wherein the meshing output module of the dual-motor redundancy module is a meshing mode of helical gear meshing, conical gear meshing or straight gear meshing.
10. The flat single-axis tracker for a solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a redundant power supply section, wherein said redundant power supply section comprises: power module a, power module B, AC/DC converter A, AC/DC converter B, wherein,
the power supply module A and the power supply module B are connected in parallel, the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B are connected in parallel, the input ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B which are connected in parallel are connected with alternating current, the output ends of the power supply module A and the power supply module B are divided into two paths, one path of power supply is directly used for supplying power to the motor driving module A and the motor driving module B, the other path of power supply is connected with the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B which are connected in parallel, and direct current output by the AC/DC converter A and the AC/DC converter B is connected to the main control system A, the.
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| CN104579114A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 | Motor drive protection circuit and electrical products with same |
| CN104656685A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-27 | 上海津信变频器有限公司 | Array type solar oblique-axis tracking device |
| CN107085439A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-22 | 江苏国电铁塔有限公司 | Photovoltaic tracking support array redundancy control method and control device |
| CN108803674A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-13 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of polar axis photovoltaic array power generation single shaft tracking apparatus and its control method |
| CN110737286A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2020-01-31 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A flat single-axis tracking bracket with adjustable inclination in the north-south direction of photovoltaic modules |
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