CN103128668B - A kind of front mixing abrasive water jet smart-cut machine - Google Patents
A kind of front mixing abrasive water jet smart-cut machine Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种前混合磨料水射流智能切割机，属于磨料喷射装置技术领域，包括前混合磨料水射流系统、切割系统和数控系统，前混合磨料水射流系统和切割系统均与数控系统电连接，回收水箱设置在工作台下方，回收水箱与筛分装置连接，筛分装置与磨料供应装置连接，磨料供应装置和高压水发生装置均与磨料罐连接，重量传感器安装在磨料罐的底部，压力传感器安装在喷头之前的管路上，定位传感器安装在导轨上；通过高压水将高压磨料罐中的磨料流态化成均匀的磨料悬浮液，并通过喷头形成高速的前混合磨料水射流，将压力能转换为动能，在智能数控系统的控制下，完成对材料的精密切割，使用后的磨料可以回收循环使用。
The invention discloses a pre-mixed abrasive water jet intelligent cutting machine, which belongs to the technical field of abrasive jetting devices, and comprises a pre-mixed abrasive water jet system, a cutting system and a numerical control system, and the front mixed abrasive water jet system and the cutting system are electrically connected to the numerical control system , the recovery water tank is set under the workbench, the recovery water tank is connected with the screening device, the screening device is connected with the abrasive supply device, the abrasive supply device and the high-pressure water generating device are connected with the abrasive tank, the weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the abrasive tank, and the pressure The sensor is installed on the pipeline before the nozzle, and the positioning sensor is installed on the guide rail; the abrasive in the high-pressure abrasive tank is fluidized into a uniform abrasive suspension through the high-pressure water, and a high-speed pre-mixed abrasive water jet is formed through the nozzle to convert the pressure energy Converted into kinetic energy, under the control of the intelligent numerical control system, the precision cutting of the material is completed, and the used abrasive can be recycled and reused.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种前混合磨料水射流智能切割机，属于磨料喷射装置技术领域。 The invention relates to a pre-mixed abrasive water jet intelligent cutting machine, which belongs to the technical field of abrasive jetting devices.
背景技术 Background technique
磨料水射流技术是20世纪80年代，在纯水射流加工技术的基础上发展起来的，磨料的加入大大提升了传统水射流的切割能力，磨料水射流切割机成为一种威力强大的切割工具。前混合磨料水射流由于采用了更合理的磨料混入方式，其切割能力是后混合磨料水射流的数倍。迄今为止，关于前混合磨料水射流技术的研究，均局限于供料系统方面，而且，前混合磨料水射流的连续自动供料问题一直难以克服。 Abrasive water jet technology was developed on the basis of pure water jet processing technology in the 1980s. The addition of abrasives has greatly improved the cutting ability of traditional water jets. Abrasive water jet cutting machines have become a powerful cutting tool. The cutting ability of the pre-mixed abrasive waterjet is several times that of the post-mixed abrasive waterjet due to the adoption of a more reasonable abrasive mixing method. So far, the research on pre-mixed abrasive water jet technology is limited to the feeding system, and the problem of continuous automatic feeding of pre-mixed abrasive water jet has been difficult to overcome.
另一方面，没有数控系统的辅助，磨料水射流只能完成形状简单、精度要求低的切割加工，对形状复杂或切割精度要求较高的加工根本无法完成。此外，没有数控系统的辅助，磨料的供应无法实现自动切换，故无法进行较长时间的连续切割作业。 On the other hand, without the assistance of the CNC system, the abrasive water jet can only complete the cutting process with simple shape and low precision requirement, and cannot complete the processing with complex shape or high cutting precision requirement at all. In addition, without the assistance of the numerical control system, the supply of abrasives cannot be automatically switched, so it is impossible to perform continuous cutting operations for a long time.
与数控系统结合之后，磨料水射流切割技术的优势才得以充分发挥，数控磨料水射流切割机具有非常广泛的应用前景。然而，尚未见有数控系统与前混合磨料水射流相结合的智能切割机，目前数控水射流切割机均为后混合形式，其原理是高压水通过第一个喷嘴射出，形成高速水射流，在混合腔内产生一定真空度使得磨料被抽吸进入混合腔与高速水射流发生剧烈的紊动扩散和掺混，再通过第二喷嘴射出形成磨料水射流。由于后混合磨料水射流的磨料颗粒是在射流形成后加入的，磨料以很低的初速度与高速水射流相互接触，故很难得到充分混合，磨料颗粒无法得到充分的加速，明显降低了能量的传输效率，因此后混合磨料水射流切割需要很高的工作压力。其次，后混合磨料水射流切割机的磨料无法直接回收，造成很大的磨料消耗。最后，在水和砂混合的过程中同时带入了空气，使得射流直径增大，明显降低了切割质量。 After being combined with the CNC system, the advantages of abrasive water jet cutting technology can be fully utilized, and the CNC abrasive water jet cutting machine has a very wide application prospect. However, there is no intelligent cutting machine that combines the CNC system with the pre-mixed abrasive water jet. At present, the CNC water jet cutting machine is in the form of post-mixing. The principle is that high-pressure water is injected through the first nozzle to form a high-speed water jet. A certain degree of vacuum is generated in the mixing chamber so that the abrasive is sucked into the mixing chamber and undergoes violent turbulent diffusion and mixing with the high-speed water jet, and then is injected through the second nozzle to form an abrasive water jet. Since the abrasive particles of the post-mixed abrasive water jet are added after the jet is formed, the abrasive contacts with the high-speed water jet at a very low initial velocity, so it is difficult to get fully mixed, and the abrasive particles cannot be fully accelerated, which significantly reduces the energy. Transmission efficiency, so post-mixed abrasive waterjet cutting requires high working pressure. Secondly, the abrasives of the post-mixed abrasive water jet cutting machine cannot be recycled directly, resulting in a large consumption of abrasives. Finally, air is brought in during the mixing of water and sand, which increases the diameter of the jet and significantly reduces the cutting quality.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种前混合磨料水射流智能切割机，通过高压水将高压磨料罐中的磨料流态化成均匀的磨料悬浮液，并通过喷头形成高速的前混合磨料水射流，将压力能转换为动能，在智能数控系统的控制下，完成对材料的精密切割，使用后的磨料可以回收循环使用。 In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a pre-mixing abrasive water jet intelligent cutting machine, which fluidizes the abrasive in the high-pressure abrasive tank into a uniform abrasive suspension through high-pressure water, and forms a high-speed pre-mixing through the nozzle Abrasive water jet converts pressure energy into kinetic energy. Under the control of intelligent numerical control system, it completes the precise cutting of materials, and the used abrasives can be recycled and reused.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种前混合磨料水射流智能切割机，包括前混合磨料水射流系统、切割系统和数控系统，前混合磨料水射流系统和切割系统均与数控系统电连接，切割系统包括运动机构和工作台，运动机构由驱动电机和导轨组成；数控系统包括数控模块、主机和传感器，传感器通过数控模块与主机电连接，前混合磨料水射流系统包括高压水发生装置、两个磨料罐、回收水箱、筛分装置、磨料供应装置和喷头，回收水箱设置在工作台下方，回收水箱通过管路与筛分装置连接，筛分装置与磨料供应装置连接，磨料供应装置和高压水发生装置均与两个磨料罐连接，传感器包括重量传感器、压力传感器和定位传感器，重量传感器安装在磨料罐的底部，压力传感器安装在喷头之前的管路上，定位传感器安装在导轨上。 In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a pre-mixed abrasive water jet intelligent cutting machine, including a pre-mixed abrasive water jet system, a cutting system and a numerical control system, and the pre-mixed abrasive water jet system and the cutting system are all integrated with the numerical control system. The system is electrically connected. The cutting system includes a motion mechanism and a worktable. The motion mechanism is composed of a drive motor and a guide rail; the numerical control system includes a numerical control module, a host and a sensor. The sensor is electrically connected to the host through the numerical control module. Generating device, two abrasive tanks, recovery water tank, screening device, abrasive supply device and nozzle, the recovery water tank is set under the workbench, the recovery water tank is connected to the screening device through pipelines, the screening device is connected to the abrasive supply device, and the abrasive Both the supply device and the high-pressure water generator are connected to the two abrasive tanks. The sensors include weight sensors, pressure sensors and positioning sensors. The weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the abrasive tank, the pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline before the nozzle, and the positioning sensor is installed on the guide rail. superior.
本发明的有益效果是：前混合磨料与智能控制相结合，实现了磨料的连续供应，而且在不需要很高的切割压力的前提下保证了能量的传输效率，高效节能，而且通过智能控制可以达到更高精度的切割要求；磨料可以循环使用，磨料损耗很低，既减少了磨料对环境的污染，又节约了切割成本。 The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the combination of pre-mixed abrasives and intelligent control realizes the continuous supply of abrasives, and ensures the transmission efficiency of energy without high cutting pressure, high efficiency and energy saving, and intelligent control can To achieve higher precision cutting requirements; abrasives can be recycled, and the abrasive loss is very low, which not only reduces the environmental pollution of abrasives, but also saves cutting costs.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中：1、运动机构，2、工作台，3、回收水箱，4、高压水发生装置，5、筛分装置，6、磨料供应装置，7、磨料罐，8、数控模块，9、喷头，10、前混合磨料射流束，11、工件，12、主机，13、传感器。 In the figure: 1. Motion mechanism, 2. Workbench, 3. Recovery water tank, 4. High-pressure water generator, 5. Screening device, 6. Abrasive supply device, 7. Abrasive tank, 8. Numerical control module, 9. Nozzle , 10, before mixing the abrasive jet beam, 11, the workpiece, 12, the host, 13, the sensor.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
如图1所示，本前混合磨料水射流智能切割机，包括前混合磨料水射流系统、切割系统和数控系统，前混合磨料水射流系统和切割系统均与数控系统电连接，切割系统包括运动机构1和工作台2，运动机构1由驱动电机和导轨组成；数控系统包括数控模块8、主机12和传感器13，传感器13通过数控模块8与主机12电连接；前混合磨料水射流系统包括高压水发生装置4、两个磨料罐7、回收水箱3、筛分装置5、磨料供应装置6和喷头9，回收水箱3设置在工作台2下方，回收水箱3通过管路与筛分装置5连接，筛分装置5与磨料供应装置6连接，磨料供应装置6和高压水发生装置4均与两个磨料罐7连接，传感器13包括重量传感器、压力传感器和定位传感器，重量传感器安装在磨料罐7的底部，压力传感器安装在喷头9之前的管路上，定位传感器安装在导轨上。喷头9及横向（Y轴）驱动电机固定在横向（Y轴）导轨的滑块上，横向（Y轴）驱动电机驱动滑块在横向 （Y轴）上运动。横向（Y轴）导轨及纵向驱动电机固定在纵向（X轴）导轨的滑块上，纵向（X轴）驱动电机驱动滑块在纵向（X轴）导轨上运动，其布置形式包括龙门式和悬臂式，根据工作需要，喷头9还可以通过移动或旋转装置实现高度升降（Z轴）与切割角度倾斜，传感器13包括重量传感器、压力传感器和定位传感器，重量传感器安装在磨料罐7的底部，向主机12反馈磨料余量，当一个磨料罐7中的磨料余量达到设定下限时，主机12通过数控模块8将工作回路切换到另外一个磨料罐7，与此同时，控制磨料供应装置6向磨料量不足的磨料罐7中输送磨料；压力传感器安装在喷头9之前的管路上，向主机12反馈系统压力，控制高压水发生装置4调节所需的系统工作压力；定位传感器安装在导轨上，向主机12反馈滑块位置信息，控制运动机构1到达准确的位置；数控系统通过控制喷头9的运动路径，使前混合磨料水射流系统能够精确的完成所设定的切割作业，工作原理为：数控系统采集传感器13的各种信号，由主机12向数控模块8发出指令，控制驱动电机的运动，使两个滑块在两个导轨（Y轴和X轴）上按照编制的程序运动，使前混合磨料水射流对工件11进行给定图形的精密切割。 As shown in Figure 1, the pre-mixed abrasive water jet intelligent cutting machine includes a front mixed abrasive water jet system, a cutting system and a numerical control system, the front mixed abrasive water jet system and the cutting system are electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the cutting system includes a motion The mechanism 1 and the workbench 2, the motion mechanism 1 is composed of a drive motor and guide rails; the numerical control system includes a numerical control module 8, a host 12 and a sensor 13, and the sensor 13 is electrically connected to the host 12 through the numerical control module 8; the front mixed abrasive water jet system includes a high pressure Water generating device 4, two abrasive tanks 7, recovery water tank 3, screening device 5, abrasive supply device 6 and nozzle 9, recovery water tank 3 is arranged under the workbench 2, recovery water tank 3 is connected to screening device 5 through pipelines , the screening device 5 is connected with the abrasive supply device 6, the abrasive supply device 6 and the high-pressure water generator 4 are connected with two abrasive tanks 7, the sensor 13 includes a weight sensor, a pressure sensor and a positioning sensor, and the weight sensor is installed in the abrasive tank 7 The bottom of the nozzle, the pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline before the nozzle 9, and the positioning sensor is installed on the guide rail. Sprinkler 9 and horizontal (Y-axis) driving motor are fixed on the slide block of horizontal (Y-axis) guide rail, and horizontal (Y-axis) driving motor drives slide block to move on horizontal (Y-axis). The horizontal (Y-axis) guide rail and the longitudinal drive motor are fixed on the slider of the longitudinal (X-axis) guide rail, and the longitudinal (X-axis) drive motor drives the slider to move on the longitudinal (X-axis) guide rail. The layout includes gantry and Cantilever type, according to the needs of the work, the nozzle 9 can also be moved or rotated to achieve height elevation (Z-axis) and cutting angle tilt, the sensor 13 includes a weight sensor, a pressure sensor and a positioning sensor, the weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the abrasive tank 7, Feedback the remaining amount of abrasive to the host 12. When the amount of abrasive in one abrasive tank 7 reaches the set lower limit, the host 12 will switch the working circuit to another abrasive tank 7 through the numerical control module 8. At the same time, control the abrasive supply device 6 Send the abrasive to the abrasive tank 7 with insufficient amount of abrasive; the pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline before the nozzle 9, feeds back the system pressure to the host 12, and controls the high-pressure water generator 4 to adjust the required system working pressure; the positioning sensor is installed on the guide rail , feedback the position information of the slider to the host computer 12, and control the motion mechanism 1 to reach the exact position; the numerical control system controls the movement path of the nozzle 9, so that the pre-mixed abrasive water jet system can accurately complete the set cutting operation, and the working principle is as follows: : The numerical control system collects various signals from the sensor 13, and the host computer 12 sends instructions to the numerical control module 8 to control the movement of the drive motor, so that the two sliders move on the two guide rails (Y axis and X axis) according to the compiled program, The pre-mixed abrasive water jet is used to precisely cut the workpiece 11 with a given pattern.
切割工件11后的含磨料水射流射入回收水箱3中，回收水箱3中磨料悬浮液经过筛分装置5对悬浮磨料进行筛分；筛分装置5由筛网、振动机构、冲洗喷嘴及排渣管路组成，振动机构安装在筛分装置5中，筛网安装在振动机构的上面，磨料悬浮液进入筛分装置后，振动机构带动筛网做往复运动，筛网上面达到要求的磨料颗粒落入磨料供应装置6中，磨料供应装置6定时将磨料悬浮液输送到磨料罐7，高压水发生装置4使磨料罐7中的磨料流态化为高压磨料悬浮液，从磨料罐7中混合均匀的高压磨料悬浮液通过喷头9形成前混合磨料射流束10对工件11进行切割，从而达到磨料的循环使用，筛网上方相对两个侧面分别安装排渣管路和冲洗喷嘴，冲洗喷嘴与数控模块8电连接，冲洗喷嘴在数控模块8的控制下，定时将没有达到要求的磨料粗颗粒从排渣管路排出。 After cutting the workpiece 11, the abrasive water jet is injected into the recovery water tank 3, and the abrasive suspension in the recovery water tank 3 passes through the screening device 5 to screen the suspended abrasive; the screening device 5 consists of a screen, a vibration mechanism, a flushing nozzle and a discharge The vibration mechanism is installed in the screening device 5, and the screen is installed on the top of the vibration mechanism. After the abrasive suspension enters the screening device, the vibration mechanism drives the screen to reciprocate, and the required abrasive particles on the screen are Falling into the abrasive supply device 6, the abrasive supply device 6 regularly transports the abrasive suspension to the abrasive tank 7, and the high-pressure water generator 4 fluidizes the abrasive in the abrasive tank 7 into a high-pressure abrasive suspension, which is mixed from the abrasive tank 7 The uniform high-pressure abrasive suspension passes through the nozzle 9 to form a mixed abrasive jet 10 to cut the workpiece 11, so as to achieve the recycling of the abrasive. The slag discharge pipeline and the flushing nozzle are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the screen. The flushing nozzle and the numerical control The module 8 is electrically connected, and the flushing nozzle is under the control of the numerical control module 8, and regularly discharges abrasive coarse particles that do not meet the requirements from the slag discharge pipeline.
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| JPH0794120B2 (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1995-10-11 | 東リ株式会社 | Continuous patterning of tiles |
| JP2878148B2 (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1999-04-05 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Processing fluid and water jet processing equipment using the processing fluid |
| CN2574834Y (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2003-09-24 | 上海上大集仁水射流技术有限公司 | Bowl-shaped sand wheel |
| CN102554798B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2014-01-08 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A liquid metal knife cutting system |
| JP5205481B2 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-06-05 | 株式会社スギノマシン | Abrasive water jet machine |
| CN102744686A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-24 | 长春市人杰科技开发有限公司 | Numerical control water jet cutting machine |
| CN203125332U (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-08-14 | 徐州浩通水射流科技有限公司 | Intelligent cutter of pre-mixed abrasive water jet flow |
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2013
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