CN103024598B - Obtain method and device that Internet video plays fluency - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法，包括：获取与视频应用对应的数据包；根据所述数据包提取视频信息，所述视频信息包括比特率；获取所述数据包对应的连接，计算所述连接的传输速率；通过比较所述比特率和所述传输速率获取播放流畅度。此外，还包括一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的装置。上述获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法及装置可以提高准确度。
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining the smoothness of network video playback, comprising: obtaining a data packet corresponding to a video application; extracting video information according to the data packet, and the video information includes a bit rate; obtaining a connection corresponding to the data packet , calculate the transmission rate of the connection; obtain the playback fluency by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate. In addition, it also includes a device for obtaining the fluency of playing the network video. The above method and device for obtaining the playing fluency of network video can improve the accuracy.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及计算机技术领域，特别是涉及一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of computer technology, in particular to a method and device for obtaining the smoothness of network video playback.
背景技术Background technique
随着带宽的增加，观看在线视频已经成为互联网的一种普遍的行为。而网络传输质量对视频的播放流畅度有很大影响，因此网络运营商越来越需要知道用户观看视频的体验，进而对视频网站进行优化路由，缓存视频内容等，提高服务质量。With the increase of bandwidth, watching online video has become a common behavior of the Internet. The quality of network transmission has a great impact on the smoothness of video playback. Therefore, network operators increasingly need to know the experience of users watching videos, and then optimize routing for video websites, cache video content, etc., to improve service quality.
传统技术中，通常的做法就是通过模拟终端去测试播放视频的质量，如在接近用户的地方，放置一台终端直接播放视频，然后观察播放流畅度来评价用户视频质量。In traditional technology, the usual practice is to test the quality of video playback by simulating a terminal, such as placing a terminal close to the user to directly play the video, and then observing the playback fluency to evaluate the user's video quality.
然而，由于通过模拟终端的方法检测的样本范围较小，对运营商而言无法准确获取较大范围内的终端观看视频的情况，因此，传统技术中，获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法准确度不高。However, due to the small range of samples detected by the method of simulating terminals, it is impossible for operators to accurately obtain the video viewing conditions of terminals in a large range. not tall.
发明内容Contents of the invention
基于此，有必要提供一种能提高准确度的获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for obtaining the fluency of network video playback that can improve accuracy.
一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法，包括：A method for acquiring network video playback fluency, comprising:
获取与视频应用对应的数据包；Obtain the data package corresponding to the video application;
根据所述数据包提取视频信息，所述视频信息包括比特率；extracting video information according to the data packet, the video information including bit rate;
获取所述数据包对应的连接，计算所述连接的传输速率；Obtain the connection corresponding to the data packet, and calculate the transmission rate of the connection;
通过比较所述比特率和所述传输速率获取播放流畅度。The playback fluency is obtained by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate.
在其中一个实施例中，所述获取与视频应用对应的数据包的步骤为：In one of the embodiments, the step of obtaining the data packet corresponding to the video application is:
获取数据包，提取所述数据包的头部信息；Obtaining a data packet and extracting header information of the data packet;
获取头部信息包含视频类型标识的数据包。Obtain the data packet whose header information contains the video type identifier.
在其中一个实施例中，所述根据所述数据包提取视频信息的步骤为：In one of the embodiments, the step of extracting video information according to the data packet is:
通过缓存所述数据包获取视频头部数据；Obtain video header data by caching the data packet;
根据所述视频头部数据提取视频信息。Video information is extracted according to the video header data.
在其中一个实施例中，所述计算所述连接的传输速率的步骤之前还包括：In one of the embodiments, before the step of calculating the transmission rate of the connection, the step further includes:
对所述连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理。Filtering or sorting out retransmitted or out-of-sequence packets in the connection.
在其中一个实施例中，所述通过比较所述比特率和所述传输速率获取播放流畅度的步骤为：In one of the embodiments, the step of obtaining playback fluency by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate is:
获取所述传输速率与所述比特率的差值以及大小关系；Obtaining the difference between the transmission rate and the bit rate and the magnitude relationship;
根据所述差值、大小关系以及比特率计算播放流畅度。The playing fluency is calculated according to the difference, the magnitude relationship and the bit rate.
此外，还有必要提供一种能提高准确度的获取网络视频播放流畅度的装置。In addition, it is also necessary to provide a device for obtaining the fluency of network video playback that can improve accuracy.
一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的装置，包括：A device for obtaining the smoothness of network video playback, comprising:
视频数据获取模块，用于获取与视频应用对应的数据包；A video data acquisition module, configured to acquire data packets corresponding to video applications;
比特率获取模块，用于根据所述数据包提取视频信息，所述视频信息包括比特率；A bit rate acquisition module, configured to extract video information according to the data packet, and the video information includes a bit rate;
传输速率获取模块，用于获取所述数据包对应的连接，计算所述连接的传输速率；A transmission rate acquisition module, configured to acquire the connection corresponding to the data packet, and calculate the transmission rate of the connection;
流畅度计算模块，用于通过比较所述比特率和所述传输速率获取播放流畅度。A fluency calculation module, configured to obtain playback fluency by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate.
在其中一个实施例中，所述视频数据获取模块还用于获取数据包，提取所述数据包的头部信息，获取头部信息包含视频类型标识的数据包。In one of the embodiments, the video data acquisition module is further configured to acquire data packets, extract header information of the data packets, and acquire data packets whose header information includes a video type identifier.
在其中一个实施例中，所述比特率获取模块还用于通过缓存所述数据包获取视频头部数据，根据所述视频头部数据提取视频信息。In one of the embodiments, the bit rate acquiring module is further configured to acquire video header data by buffering the data packets, and extract video information according to the video header data.
在其中一个实施例中，所述装置还包括整理过滤模块，用于对所述连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理。In one of the embodiments, the device further includes a sorting and filtering module, configured to filter or sort retransmitted or out-of-sequence data packets in the connection.
在其中一个实施例中，所述流畅度计算模块还用于获取所述传输速率与所述比特率的差值以及大小关系，根据所述差值、大小关系以及比特率计算播放流畅度。In one of the embodiments, the fluency calculation module is further configured to obtain a difference and a magnitude relationship between the transmission rate and the bit rate, and calculate the playback fluency according to the difference, magnitude relationship, and bit rate.
上述获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法及装置，可在网络数据传输的中转节点（如路由器、交换机、网关等设备）中通过捕捉视频应用的数据包，获取数据包对应的视频应用的比特率以及对应的连接的传输速率，并根据比特率和传输速率计算视频的播放流畅度。因此，相较于现有技术，可根据流经中转节点的数据自动地获取所有视频的播放流畅度，扩大了样本范围，从而提高了计算的准确度。The above-mentioned method and device for obtaining the smoothness of network video playback can capture data packets of video applications in transit nodes (such as routers, switches, gateways, etc.) The transmission rate of the corresponding connection, and calculate the smoothness of video playback based on the bit rate and transmission rate. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the playback fluency of all videos can be automatically obtained according to the data flowing through the transit node, and the sample range is expanded, thereby improving the calculation accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为一个实施例中获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for obtaining network video playback fluency in an embodiment;
图2为一个实施例中获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法的装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for obtaining a method for network video playback fluency in an embodiment;
图3为另一个实施例中获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法的装置的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for a method for obtaining network video playback fluency in another embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在一个实施例中，如图1所示，一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法，包括如下步骤：In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, a method for obtaining the fluency of network video playback includes the following steps:
步骤S102，获取与视频应用对应的数据包。Step S102, acquiring a data packet corresponding to a video application.
与视频应用对应的数据包即网络视频应用通过服务器传输给客户端的数据包。数据包的包头部分通常包含有应用类型标识，例如mime-type（HTTP协议中用于表示应用类型的参数）属性标签或与视频应用对应的协议名称。The data packet corresponding to the video application is the data packet transmitted by the network video application to the client through the server. The header part of the data packet usually includes an application type identifier, such as a mime-type (a parameter used to indicate the application type in the HTTP protocol) attribute label or a protocol name corresponding to the video application.
在一个实施例中，获取与视频应用对应的数据包的步骤可具体为：获取数据包，提取数据包的头部信息，获取头部信息包含视频类型标识的数据包。视频类型标识可以是视频的编码格式，例如mkv、rmvb、wmv等。也就是说，可对接收到的数据包的头部信息进行检测，若检测到数据包的头部包含有视频类型标识，则获取该数据包或其拷贝。In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the data packet corresponding to the video application may specifically include: obtaining the data packet, extracting header information of the data packet, and obtaining a data packet whose header information includes a video type identifier. The video type identifier may be a video encoding format, such as mkv, rmvb, wmv, etc. That is to say, the header information of the received data packet can be detected, and if it is detected that the header of the data packet contains the video type identifier, then the data packet or its copy is obtained.
步骤S104，根据数据包提取视频信息，视频信息包括比特率。Step S104, extract video information according to the data packet, and the video information includes bit rate.
视频信息即与视频有关的视频属性信息，包括比特率、播放时长、文件大小等。视频信息通常存储在视频文件的文件头部。Video information refers to video attribute information related to video, including bit rate, playback duration, file size, etc. Video information is usually stored in the file header of the video file.
在一个实施例中，根据数据包提取视频信息的步骤可具体为：通过缓存数据包获取视频头部数据，根据视频头部数据提取视频信息。In one embodiment, the step of extracting video information according to the data packet may specifically include: acquiring video header data by buffering the data packet, and extracting video information according to the video header data.
在本实施例中，可通过缓存预设数量的数据包或其拷贝（即预设的数据长度）提取传输的视频文件的文件头部，并从文件头部中提取视频信息。In this embodiment, the file header of the transmitted video file can be extracted by buffering a preset number of data packets or copies thereof (ie, a preset data length), and the video information can be extracted from the file header.
步骤S106，获取数据包对应的连接，计算连接的传输速率。Step S106, obtaining the connection corresponding to the data packet, and calculating the transmission rate of the connection.
可通过获取预设时间内数据包对应的连接中传输的数据量的大小来计算连接的传输速率。The transmission rate of the connection can be calculated by obtaining the amount of data transmitted in the connection corresponding to the data packet within the preset time.
在本实施例中，计算连接的传输速率的步骤之前还可对连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理。In this embodiment, before the step of calculating the transmission rate of the connection, retransmission or out-of-sequence data packets in the connection may be filtered or sorted.
网络环境较差时，相同的数据包可能会重传多次，使得计算传输速率时，会参考相同的数据包的传输次数。先对连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理，然后再根据过滤和整理后的数据包来计算传输速率，可获取视频内容的实际传输速率，从而进一步提高准确度。When the network environment is poor, the same data packet may be retransmitted multiple times, so that when calculating the transmission rate, the number of transmissions of the same data packet will be referred to. First filter or organize the retransmitted or out-of-sequence data packets in the connection, and then calculate the transmission rate based on the filtered and sorted data packets, so as to obtain the actual transmission rate of the video content, thereby further improving the accuracy.
步骤S108，通过比较比特率和传输速率获取播放流畅度。In step S108, the playback fluency is obtained by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate.
可通过比较比特率和传输速率对播放流畅度进行评分，通过评分的大小来体现播放流畅度。The playback fluency can be scored by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate, and the playback fluency can be reflected by the size of the score.
例如，若传输速率为2048kbps，而比特率为1024kbps，则传输速率显著大于比特率，可给予该连接对应的播放流畅度较高的评分；若传输速率为1024kbps，而比特率为2048kbps，则传输速率远小于比特率，用户需要经常暂停缓冲方可播放该视频，则可给予该连接对应的播放流畅度较低的评分。For example, if the transmission rate is 2048kbps and the bit rate is 1024kbps, the transmission rate is significantly higher than the bit rate, and the corresponding playback fluency of the connection can be given a higher score; if the transmission rate is 1024kbps, and the bit rate is 2048kbps, the transmission If the rate is much lower than the bit rate, and the user needs to pause and buffer frequently to play the video, then the connection can be given a low score for the playback fluency corresponding to the connection.
在一个实施例中，通过比较比特率和传输速率获取播放流畅度的步骤可具体为：获取传输速率与比特率的差值以及大小关系，根据差值、大小关系以及比特率计算播放流畅度。In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the playback fluency by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate may specifically include: obtaining the difference and magnitude relationship between the transmission rate and the bit rate, and calculating the playback fluency according to the difference, magnitude relationship, and bit rate.
可通过将传输速率减去比特率获取二者之间的差值，大小关系即差值的正负。在本实施例中，可通过计算差值与比特率的比值，然后将该比值乘以与大小关系对应的全职系数来得到该连接对应的评分。The difference between the two can be obtained by subtracting the bit rate from the transmission rate, and the magnitude relationship is the positive or negative value of the difference. In this embodiment, the score corresponding to the connection can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference to the bit rate, and then multiplying the ratio by the full-time coefficient corresponding to the size relationship.
在一个实施例中，还可获取多个连接对应的播放流畅度，通过预设的权值加权平均后获取平均播放流畅度。In an embodiment, the playback fluency corresponding to multiple connections may also be obtained, and the average playback fluency may be obtained after weighted averaging by preset weights.
可根据域名、视频类型信息、地理位置信息、比特率、带宽等信息将连接分为多种类型，然后获取某个类型中的所有连接对应的播放流畅度，然后通过加权平均计算期平均播放流畅度，从而反应该类型的视频整体的播放情况。Connections can be divided into multiple types according to domain name, video type information, geographic location information, bit rate, bandwidth and other information, and then obtain the playback fluency corresponding to all connections in a certain type, and then calculate the average playback fluency through weighted average calculation period to reflect the overall playback status of this type of video.
例如，可根据连接的IP信息获取对应了某个城市的多个连接，并获取该多个连接对应的播放流畅度，经过加权平均后得到与该城市对应的平均播放流畅度。或者可获取所有传输的视频信息中比特率为1024kbps（720p高清视频的最低要求）的连接，并获取该多个连接对应的播放流畅度，经过加权平均后得到720p高清视频对应的平均播放流畅度。For example, multiple connections corresponding to a certain city can be obtained according to the IP information of the connections, and the playback fluency corresponding to the multiple connections can be obtained, and the average playback fluency corresponding to the city can be obtained after weighted average. Or you can obtain the connections with a bit rate of 1024kbps (the minimum requirement for 720p high-definition video) in all transmitted video information, and obtain the playback fluency corresponding to the multiple connections, and obtain the average playback fluency corresponding to 720p high-definition video after weighted average .
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，一种获取网络视频播放流畅度的装置，包括视频数据获取模块102、比特率获取模块104、传输速率获取模块106和流畅度计算模块108，其中：In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , a device for obtaining the fluency of network video playback includes a video data acquisition module 102, a bit rate acquisition module 104, a transmission rate acquisition module 106, and a fluency calculation module 108, wherein:
视频数据获取模块102，用于获取与视频应用对应的数据包。The video data acquisition module 102 is configured to acquire data packets corresponding to video applications.
与视频应用对应的数据包即网络视频应用通过服务器传输给客户端的数据包。数据包的包头部分通常包含有应用类型标识，例如mime-type（HTTP协议中用于表示应用类型的参数）属性标签或与视频应用对应的协议名称。The data packet corresponding to the video application is the data packet transmitted by the network video application to the client through the server. The header part of the data packet usually includes an application type identifier, such as a mime-type (a parameter used to indicate the application type in the HTTP protocol) attribute label or a protocol name corresponding to the video application.
在一个实施例中，视频数据获取模块102可用于获取数据包，提取数据包的头部信息，获取头部信息包含视频类型标识的数据包。视频类型标识可以是视频的编码格式，例如mkv、rmvb、wmv等。也就是说，视频数据获取模块102可用于对接收到的数据包的头部信息进行检测，若检测到数据包的头部包含有视频类型标识，则获取该数据包或其拷贝。In one embodiment, the video data obtaining module 102 may be used to obtain data packets, extract header information of the data packets, and obtain data packets whose header information includes a video type identifier. The video type identifier may be a video encoding format, such as mkv, rmvb, wmv, etc. That is to say, the video data obtaining module 102 can be used to detect the header information of the received data packet, and if it is detected that the header of the data packet contains a video type identifier, then obtain the data packet or a copy thereof.
比特率获取模块104，用于根据数据包提取视频信息，视频信息包括比特率。The bit rate acquisition module 104 is configured to extract video information according to the data packet, and the video information includes the bit rate.
视频信息即与视频有关的视频属性信息，包括比特率、播放时长、文件大小等。视频信息通常存储在视频文件的文件头部。Video information refers to video attribute information related to video, including bit rate, playback duration, file size, etc. Video information is usually stored in the file header of the video file.
在一个实施例中，比特率获取模块104可用于通过缓存数据包获取视频头部数据，根据视频头部数据提取视频信息。In one embodiment, the bit rate obtaining module 104 may be configured to obtain video header data by buffering data packets, and extract video information according to the video header data.
在本实施例中，比特率获取模块104可用于通过缓存预设数量的数据包或其拷贝（即预设的数据长度）提取传输的视频文件的文件头部，并从文件头部中提取视频信息。In this embodiment, the bit rate acquisition module 104 can be used to extract the file header of the transmitted video file by buffering a preset number of data packets or their copies (that is, a preset data length), and extract the video file from the file header. information.
传输速率获取模块106，用于获取数据包对应的连接，计算连接的传输速率。The transmission rate acquiring module 106 is configured to acquire the connection corresponding to the data packet, and calculate the transmission rate of the connection.
传输速率获取模块106可用于通过获取预设时间内数据包对应的连接中传输的数据量的大小来计算连接的传输速率。The transmission rate obtaining module 106 may be configured to calculate the transmission rate of the connection by obtaining the amount of data transmitted in the connection corresponding to the data packet within a preset time.
在本实施例中，如图3所示，获取网络视频播放流畅度的装置还包括整理过滤模块110，用于对连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the device for obtaining the playing fluency of network video further includes a sorting and filtering module 110 for filtering or sorting retransmitted or out-of-sequence data packets in the connection.
网络环境较差时，相同的数据包可能会重传多次，使得计算传输速率时，会参考相同的数据包的传输次数。先对连接中的重传或乱序的数据包进行过滤或整理，然后再根据过滤和整理后的数据包来计算传输速率，可获取视频内容的实际传输速率，从而进一步提高准确度。When the network environment is poor, the same data packet may be retransmitted multiple times, so that when calculating the transmission rate, the number of transmissions of the same data packet will be referred to. First filter or organize the retransmitted or out-of-sequence data packets in the connection, and then calculate the transmission rate based on the filtered and sorted data packets, so as to obtain the actual transmission rate of the video content, thereby further improving the accuracy.
流畅度计算模块108，用于通过比较比特率和传输速率获取播放流畅度。Fluency calculation module 108, configured to obtain playback fluency by comparing bit rate and transmission rate.
流畅度计算模块108可用于通过比较比特率和传输速率对播放流畅度进行评分，通过评分的大小来体现播放流畅度。The fluency calculation module 108 can be used to score the playback fluency by comparing the bit rate and the transmission rate, and the playback fluency can be reflected by the size of the score.
例如，若传输速率为2048kbps，而比特率为1024kbps，则传输速率显著大于比特率，可给予该连接对应的播放流畅度较高的评分；若传输速率为1024kbps，而比特率为2048kbps，则传输速率远小于比特率，用户需要经常暂停缓冲方可播放该视频，则可给予该连接对应的播放流畅度较低的评分。For example, if the transmission rate is 2048kbps and the bit rate is 1024kbps, the transmission rate is significantly higher than the bit rate, and the corresponding playback fluency of the connection can be given a higher score; if the transmission rate is 1024kbps, and the bit rate is 2048kbps, the transmission If the rate is much lower than the bit rate, and the user needs to pause and buffer frequently to play the video, then the connection can be given a low score for the playback fluency corresponding to the connection.
在一个实施例中，流畅度计算模块108可用于获取传输速率与比特率的差值以及大小关系，根据差值、大小关系以及比特率计算播放流畅度。In one embodiment, the fluency calculation module 108 can be used to obtain the difference and the magnitude relationship between the transmission rate and the bit rate, and calculate the playing fluency according to the difference, the magnitude relationship and the bit rate.
流畅度计算模块108可用于通过将传输速率减去比特率获取二者之间的差值，大小关系即差值的正负。在本实施例中，可通过计算差值与比特率的比值，然后将该比值乘以与大小关系对应的全职系数来得到该连接对应的评分。The fluency calculation module 108 can be used to obtain the difference between the two by subtracting the transmission rate from the bit rate, and the magnitude relationship is the positive or negative of the difference. In this embodiment, the score corresponding to the connection can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference to the bit rate, and then multiplying the ratio by the full-time coefficient corresponding to the size relationship.
在一个实施例中，还可获取多个连接对应的播放流畅度，通过预设的权值加权平均后获取平均播放流畅度。In an embodiment, the playback fluency corresponding to multiple connections may also be obtained, and the average playback fluency may be obtained after weighted averaging by preset weights.
可根据域名、视频类型信息、地理位置信息、比特率、带宽等信息将连接分为多种类型，然后获取某个类型中的所有连接对应的播放流畅度，然后通过加权平均计算期平均播放流畅度，从而反应该类型的视频整体的播放情况。Connections can be divided into multiple types according to domain name, video type information, geographic location information, bit rate, bandwidth and other information, and then obtain the playback fluency corresponding to all connections in a certain type, and then calculate the average playback fluency through weighted average calculation period to reflect the overall playback status of this type of video.
例如，可根据连接的IP信息获取对应了某个城市的多个连接，并获取该多个连接对应的播放流畅度，经过加权平均后得到与该城市对应的平均播放流畅度。或者可获取所有传输的视频信息中比特率为1024kbps（720p高清视频的最低要求）的连接，并获取该多个连接对应的播放流畅度，经过加权平均后得到720p高清视频对应的平均播放流畅度。For example, multiple connections corresponding to a certain city can be obtained according to the IP information of the connections, and the playback fluency corresponding to the multiple connections can be obtained, and the average playback fluency corresponding to the city can be obtained after weighted average. Or you can obtain the connections with a bit rate of 1024kbps (the minimum requirement for 720p high-definition video) in all transmitted video information, and obtain the playback fluency corresponding to the multiple connections, and obtain the average playback fluency corresponding to 720p high-definition video after weighted average .
上述获取网络视频播放流畅度的方法及装置，可在网络数据传输的中转节点（如路由器、交换机、网关等设备）中通过捕捉视频应用的数据包，获取数据包对应的视频应用的比特率以及对应的连接的传输速率，并根据比特率和传输速率计算视频的播放流畅度。因此，相较于现有技术，可根据流经中转节点的数据自动地获取所有视频的播放流畅度，扩大了样本范围，从而提高了计算的准确度。The above-mentioned method and device for obtaining the smoothness of network video playback can capture data packets of video applications in transit nodes (such as routers, switches, gateways, etc.) The transmission rate of the corresponding connection, and calculate the smoothness of video playback based on the bit rate and transmission rate. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the playback fluency of all videos can be automatically obtained according to the data flowing through the transit node, and the sample range is expanded, thereby improving the calculation accuracy.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
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