CN102945875A - Breathing type hollow BIPV (building integrated photovoltaics) assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic building integrated solar photovoltaic module, in particular to a breathable hollow BIPV photovoltaic module. It is characterized in that it includes sequentially stacked front glass (10), solar cell group (11), substrate glass (12), hollow layer (17) and back glass (13), wherein the substrate glass (12) and the back glass (13) is installed with spacer bar (15) so as to form this hollow layer (17), between the substrate glass (12) and the back glass (13) of this spacer bar (15) outside, use sealant (16) air It is sealed, and a junction box (14) is also installed between the front glass (10) and the back glass (13), and the junction box (14) is electrically connected to the junction terminals of the aforementioned solar cell group (11). After adopting the invention, the problem of glass breakage due to excessively high air pressure in the glass hollow layer during the power generation process of the hollow photovoltaic module is solved.

Description

Breathing Hollow BIPV Photovoltaic Module

technical field

The invention relates to a photovoltaic building integrated solar photovoltaic module, in particular to a breathable hollow BIPV photovoltaic module.

Background technique

There are two main types of BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) battery components in domestic and foreign industries: one is ordinary dual-wave battery components, and the other is hollow photovoltaic components.

Ordinary dual-wave battery modules are also called the first generation of BIPV battery modules, which use tempered glass instead of the back protection material of photovoltaic modules and are packaged with adhesive film. This kind of BIPV battery module has undoubtedly broken the technical barriers of the photovoltaic industry and the construction industry, but there are also many drawbacks that directly restrict the development of BIPV battery modules. The first is heat insulation ability: energy transfer is nothing more than three kinds of radiation transfer, convection transfer and conduction transfer. When BIPV components are applied to buildings, the heat generated by light and the heat generated by battery components will be directly transmitted through the conduction effect of the glass. into the interior of the building, which greatly increases the energy consumption of the building, and reduces the power generation efficiency of the battery components (the power generation efficiency of the battery components decreases with the increase of the surface temperature), and the sound insulation effect of the glass is very poor, The use of first-generation BIPV battery modules directly on buildings also requires the additional use of sound insulation, heat insulation and sealing.

Hollow photovoltaic modules are also called second-generation BIPV battery components. This new type of battery component is hollowed out with ordinary battery components and tempered glass or ordinary glass, and an inert gas is added to the hollow layer and then sealed and a certain amount is added to the hollow layer. Measure the desiccant. Such a design successfully integrates battery components into building materials, and also meets the technical requirements of building materials such as heat insulation, sound insulation and fire prevention. High-performance hollow photovoltaic modules, due to a special metal film, can reach a shading coefficient of 0.22-0.49, reducing the load of indoor air conditioners (air conditioning). Heat transfer coefficient 1.4-2.8W (m2.K). It also plays a great role in reducing the indoor heating load. Therefore, the larger the window is, the more obvious the energy saving effect will be.

High-performance hollow photovoltaic modules can intercept considerable energy from the sun entering the room, thus preventing discomfort caused by radiant heat and reducing dizziness caused by sunset sunlight. High-performance hollow photovoltaic modules are available in a variety of colors, which can be selected according to needs to achieve a more ideal artistic effect. It is suitable for public facilities such as office buildings, exhibition rooms, libraries, and special buildings that require constant temperature and humidity, such as computer rooms, precision instrument workshops, and chemical factories. In addition, it can also be used for sun protection and anti-sunset glare. However, since the outer glass of the hollow photovoltaic module is composed of photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic module will generate a lot of heat during the power generation process. The heat cannot be discharged due to the hollow layer of the hollow photovoltaic module, and the accumulation of heat will cause the gas in the hollow layer to expand. In turn, it will lead to the rupture of the hollow photovoltaic module, and because the temperature is too high, it will directly affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Therefore, the utilization and application of hollow photovoltaic modules are quite controversial.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breathable hollow BIPV photovoltaic module, which can avoid the problem of glass breakage caused by unstable air pressure of hollow glass.

A breathing type hollow BIPV photovoltaic module, which is special in that it includes front glass, solar battery sheet group, substrate glass, hollow layer and back glass stacked in sequence, wherein a spacer bar is installed between the substrate glass and the back glass so that The hollow layer is formed, and a sealant is used to airtightly seal between the substrate glass and the back glass on the outside of the spacer, and a junction box is installed between the front glass and the back glass, and the junction box is connected to the aforementioned solar cell group. The terminals are electrically connected.

Among them, the front glass is made of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass.

Among them, the substrate glass adopts low-radiation glass that only reflects infrared light with a wavelength above 1100nm.

Among them, the low-emissivity glass is composed of infrared reflective film covered on tempered glass.

Wherein a desiccant is placed in the hollow layer.

The spacer bar is made of aluminum bar, which is filled with molecular sieves to prevent the passage of water, and the contact between the two sides of the aluminum bar and the substrate glass and the back glass is air-sealed with butyl rubber.

Wherein the junction box includes a casing, at least one breathing hole is opened on the surface of the casing that is in direct contact with the external atmosphere, and each breathing hole is covered with a breathing film so that air can pass through freely and moisture can be prevented from passing through; At least one capillary access hole is opened on the surface of the casing close to the interior of the photovoltaic module, and a capillary is installed on each capillary access hole. One end of the capillary extends into the solar cell group or the hollow layer, and the other end of the capillary One end protrudes into the housing, thereby equalizing the pressure of the two.

The shell is made of MPPO plastic material, and the breathing membrane is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene; the capillary access hole and the capillary are hermetically sealed, specifically, a sealing ring is installed between the capillary access hole and the capillary, and coated with Sealant; wherein the housing has an upper cover, and the housing and the upper cover are airtight; wherein a plug-in protective cover is installed in the housing, and the housing and the upper cover are airtightly sealed by the sealant.

Among them, the first guide piece, the bypass diode and the second guide piece connected in sequence are installed in the housing, wherein the first guide piece is connected to the bus bar of the solar cell group, and one end of the bypass diode is connected to the first The baffle is electrically connected and the other end thereof is electrically connected with the second baffle, and the second baffle is also electrically connected with the connection wire, and the connection wire extends out of the casing from the connection wire access hole on the casing. The end of the cable is fitted with a connector.

Among them, the connecting wire adopts double-layer insulated cable.

The number of capillary tubes is 10-200/m ² , and the inner diameter of the capillary tubes is 0.1-1 mm.

After adopting the present invention, a new type of breathing hollow BIPV photovoltaic module is formed in which the hollow layer inside the module can breathe with the interior of the building, and the pressure of the hollow layer of the glass is balanced without convection of heat. This design solves the problem of glass breakage caused by high air pressure in the glass hollow layer during the power generation process of the hollow photovoltaic module in summer, and the microcirculation will not form energy convection. The breathable hollow BIPV photovoltaic module of the present invention not only has a high heat insulation effect, but also can effectively solve the problem of poor heat insulation effect generated in the construction process of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), avoiding the pressure loss of the hollow glass Glass shattering issues caused by instability.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the front structural representation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the partial enlarged view of II place among Fig. 1;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the side structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the partial enlarged view of III place among Fig. 3;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the side structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the partial enlarged view of place IV in Fig. 5;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the structural representation of junction box (14) among the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the shell schematic diagram of junction box (14) in the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the present invention is a breathing type hollow BIPV photovoltaic module, which includes sequentially stacked front glass 10, solar battery sheet group 11, substrate glass 12, hollow layer 17 and Back glass 13, wherein a spacer bar 15 is installed between the substrate glass 12 and the back glass 13 to form the hollow layer 17, and a sealant 16 is used to airtightly seal between the substrate glass 12 and the back glass 13 on the outside of the spacer bar 15, A junction box 14 is installed between the front glass 10 and the back glass 13 , and the junction box 14 is electrically connected to the junction terminals of the aforementioned solar cell array 11 .

The front glass 10 is made of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass, and the substrate glass 12 is made of low-emissivity glass that only reflects infrared light with a wavelength above 1100nm. The low-emission glass is formed by covering the tempered glass with an infrared reflective film. In addition, a desiccant is placed in the hollow layer 17, and the spacer bar 15 adopts an aluminum strip, and molecular sieves are filled in the aluminum strip to prevent moisture from passing through. Ding Base rubber air seal.

As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the junction box includes a housing 7, at least one breathing hole is opened on the surface of the housing 7 that is in direct contact with the outside atmosphere, and each breathing hole is covered with a breathing film 6 so that Allow air to pass freely and prevent moisture from passing through; at least one capillary access hole 4 is opened on the surface of the housing 7 close to the interior of the photovoltaic module, and a capillary is installed on each capillary access hole 4, and the capillary One end protrudes into the solar battery sheet group 11 or the hollow layer 17 while the other end protrudes into the casing 7 to balance the pressures of the two.

The housing 7 is made of MPPO plastic material, and the breathing membrane 6 is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene; wherein the capillary access hole 4 and the capillary are hermetically sealed, specifically a sealing ring is installed between the capillary access hole 4 and the capillary, And coated with sealant; wherein the housing 7 has an upper cover 9, and the air seal between the housing 7 and the upper cover 9; wherein a plug-in protective cover is installed in the housing 7, and the housing 7 and the upper cover 9 are airtightly sealed by a sealant.

Wherein the housing 7 is installed with the first guide vane 2, the bypass diode 1 and the second guide vane connected in sequence, wherein the first guide vane 2 is connected with the bus bar of the solar cell group 11, and the bypass One end of the diode 1 is electrically connected to the first baffle 2 and the other end is electrically connected to the second baffle, and the second baffle is also electrically connected to the connecting wire 3, which is connected to the connecting wire 3 from the casing 7. The connecting wire access hole 5 extends out of the housing 7, and a connector 8 is installed at the end of the connecting wire 3, and the connecting wire 3 adopts a double-layer insulated cable.

The number of capillary tubes 18 is 10-200/m ² , and the inner diameter of the capillary tubes 18 is 0.1-1 mm.

The front glass 10 of the breathable hollow BIPV photovoltaic module of the present invention adopts Low-E glass produced by the online high-temperature pyrolysis deposition method, and the design of the multi-layer infrared reflection layer is carried out in the Low-E glass production process. The layer reflects the infrared light above 1100nm that is not absorbed by the crystalline silicon solar cell (the absorption spectrum range of the crystalline silicon solar cell is 370-1100nm) to reduce the surface temperature of the cell, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the hollow microcirculation BIPV photovoltaic module. The infrared reflective film can directly reflect most of the infrared light, thereby reducing the indoor temperature. This design can not only use solar power to generate electricity, but also achieve the effect of heat insulation. It can stably maintain and moderately increase the photoelectric conversion rate, and can also reduce noise and sound insulation, and has triple functions of power generation, energy saving, and noise reduction.

The present invention uses a capillary 18 to connect the glass hollow layer 17 with the junction box 14, so that a microcirculation is formed between the junction box 14 and the glass hollow layer 17, and then the junction box 14 is connected with the inside of the building, so that the breathing type hollow BIPV photovoltaic module is hollow Level 17 is connected to the interior of the building and has a double layer of insulation.

Claims (11)

1. breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module, it is characterized in that: comprise the successively face glass (10) of stack, solar battery sheet group (11), base plate glass (12), hollow layer (17) and back side glass (13), wherein between base plate glass (12) and back side glass (13), spacer bar (15) is installed thus form this hollow layer (17), use fluid sealant (16) hermetic seal between base plate glass (12) outside this spacer bar (15) and the back side glass (13), and terminal box (14) also is installed between face glass (10) and back side glass (13), this terminal box (14) is electrically connected with the binding post of aforementioned solar battery sheet group (11).

2. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein face glass (10) adopts low iron ultrawhite toughened glass.

3. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein base plate glass (12) adopts a reflection wavelength at the low emissivity glass of the above infrared light of 1100nm.

4. breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: wherein low emissivity glass is covered on the toughened glass by infrared reflection film and consists of.

5. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein be placed with drier in hollow layer (17).

6. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its intermediate parting strips (15) adopts aluminum strip, stop moisture to pass through thereby in this aluminum strip, be filled with molecular sieve, all use the butyl rubber hermetic seal at these aluminum strip both sides and base plate glass (12) and back side glass (13) contact position.

7. such as the described a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module of any one in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: wherein terminal box comprises housing (7), surface upper at this housing (7) and that outside atmosphere directly contacts has at least one spiracle, on each spiracle, all be coated with respiratory membrane (6) thus make air free pass through to stop moisture to pass through; Have at least one capillary access hole (4) on the upper surface near photovoltaic module inside of described housing (7), on each capillary access hole (4), capillary is installed all, this end capillaceous stretches in solar battery sheet group (11) or the hollow layer (17) and its other end stretches in the described housing (7), thus both pressure of balance.

8. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: its middle shell (7) employing MPPO plastic material, respiratory membrane (6) employing expanded PTFE material; Wherein hermetic seal between capillary access hole (4) and the capillary specifically is equipped with sealing ring between capillary access hole (4) and the capillary, and is coated with fluid sealant; Its middle shell (7) is with loam cake (9), and hermetic seal between housing (7) and the loam cake (9); Wherein in housing (7), the plug-in type protective cover is installed, and passes through the fluid sealant hermetic seal between housing (7) and the loam cake (9).

9. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the first flow deflector (2) that connects successively wherein is installed in housing (7), bypass diode (1) and the second flow deflector, wherein the first flow deflector (2) is connected with the busbar of solar battery sheet group (11), and an end of bypass diode (1) is electrically connected with the first flow deflector (2) and its other end is electrically connected with the second flow deflector, this second flow deflector also is electrically connected with connecting line (3), stretch out outside the housing (7) in the connecting line access hole (5) of this connecting line (3) from housing (7), at the end of this connecting line (3) connector (8) is installed.

10. a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: wherein connecting line (3) adopts double-insulated cable.

11. such as the described a kind of breathing pattern hollow BIPV photovoltaic module of any one in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: wherein the quantity of capillary (18) is 10-200 bar/m ², the internal diameter of capillary (18) is 0.1-1mm.

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