CN102816937A - Method for producing zinc oxide through waste zinc material secondary distillation, and special-purposed kiln thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing zinc oxide through waste zinc material secondary distillation, and special-purposed kiln thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种废锌料二次蒸馏生产氧化锌的方法及其专用窑炉，属于废锌料回收再利用技术领域。其包括下述步骤：（1）第一次蒸馏：将废锌料和焦煤粉破碎并进行混合得到废锌混合料；将废锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状废锌混合料投入回转窑中进行第一次蒸馏，收集得到粗氧化锌固体颗粒；（2）第二次蒸馏：将粗氧化锌与焦煤进行混合得到粗氧化锌混合料，再将粗氧化锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将粗氧化锌混合料投入专用窑炉中进行蒸馏，收集氧化锌固体颗粒。本发明的方法采用二次蒸馏工艺生产氧化锌，得到的氧化锌纯度高，为废锌料工业化生产高纯度氧化锌奠定了基础；实现了资源的循环利用，变废为宝，产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。
The invention discloses a method for producing zinc oxide by secondary distillation of waste zinc material and a special kiln thereof, belonging to the technical field of waste zinc material recovery and reuse. It includes the following steps: (1) The first distillation: crush and mix the waste zinc material and coking coal powder to obtain a zinc waste mixture; make the waste zinc mixture into briquettes, and finally make the briquette waste zinc mixture put into the rotary kiln for the first distillation, and collect the coarse zinc oxide solid particles; (2) second distillation: mix the crude zinc oxide and coking coal to obtain the crude zinc oxide mixture, and then make the crude zinc oxide mixture into In the form of briquettes, the coarse zinc oxide mixture is put into a special kiln for distillation, and the solid particles of zinc oxide are collected. The method of the present invention adopts a secondary distillation process to produce zinc oxide, and the obtained zinc oxide has high purity, which lays a foundation for the industrial production of high-purity zinc oxide from waste zinc materials; realizes the recycling of resources, turns waste into treasure, and produces good economic benefits. benefits and social benefits.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及废锌料回收再利用领域，尤其是一种废锌料二次蒸馏生产氧化锌的方法及其专用窑炉。 The invention relates to the field of recovery and reuse of waste zinc materials, in particular to a method for producing zinc oxide by secondary distillation of waste zinc materials and a special kiln.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，国内大多数生产氧化锌的企业，采用间接法，即是以锌锭为原料，经加热使其升华气化，再与空气中的氧反应生成氧化锌，在冷却装置中冷凝形成氧化锌固体颗粒，落入收集装置中，从而得到工业产品氧化锌。 At present, most domestic enterprises that produce zinc oxide adopt the indirect method, that is, use zinc ingots as raw materials, sublimate and gasify them by heating, then react with oxygen in the air to form zinc oxide, and condense in the cooling device to form zinc oxide. The solid particles fall into the collection device to obtain the industrial product zinc oxide.
然而，在工业生产和生活中，常存在一些废锌料。这些废锌料来源复杂、含锌范围宽。比如，钢铁件热镀锌时产生锌渣、锌灰、带土锌颗粒；一些废镀锌件不能再使用而进入废料；镀锌件加工时切去的边角；还有冶锌工业产生的废渣、少量锌矿料；以及钢铁生产中产生的富含锌的烟尘等。这些废锌料中常常包含有尘土、石块、钢铁件等，锌含量往往偏低，由于不便利用，常堆积在角落，在风吹雨打下造成周围环境的恶化。因此，利用废锌料中的宝贵锌资源，不仅可以实现资源的再生利用，降低生产成本，提高经济效益，而且还可以美化环境，增加社会效益。 However, in industrial production and life, there are often some scrap zinc materials. These zinc scraps come from complex sources and contain a wide range of zinc. For example, zinc slag, zinc ash, and zinc particles with soil are produced during hot-dip galvanizing of steel parts; some waste galvanized parts cannot be reused and enter waste; Waste slag, a small amount of zinc ore; and zinc-rich smoke generated in steel production, etc. These scrap zinc materials often contain dust, stones, iron and steel parts, etc., and the zinc content is often low. Because it is inconvenient to use, it is often piled up in the corner, causing the deterioration of the surrounding environment under the wind and rain. Therefore, the use of precious zinc resources in zinc scraps can not only realize the recycling of resources, reduce production costs, and improve economic benefits, but also beautify the environment and increase social benefits.
目前，在工业生产上，对于含锌高的废料，常采用重熔技术使锌回收；一些单一来源的稳定锌含量的废料，可以采用化学法提取。但是对于零散回收来的、含锌范围变化大的混合型废锌料，其中杂质种类多；锌含量较低，且范围较宽；锌以金属态、氧化态等不同形式存在，采用直接蒸馏法会使细尘土等成分混合在炉气中，得到的氧化锌纯度较低，在工业生产上再生利用存在一定的难度。 At present, in industrial production, for scraps with high zinc content, remelting technology is often used to recover zinc; some scraps with stable zinc content from a single source can be extracted by chemical methods. However, for the mixed zinc scrap recovered scattered and with a large range of zinc content, there are many types of impurities; the zinc content is low and the range is wide; zinc exists in different forms such as metallic state and oxidized state, and the direct distillation method is used. Components such as fine dust will be mixed in the furnace gas, and the purity of the obtained zinc oxide is low, so it is difficult to recycle in industrial production.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种废锌料二次蒸馏生产氧化锌的方法及其专用窑炉，该方法采用二次蒸馏工艺生产氧化锌，一级蒸馏去除尘土、石头、钢铁件等杂物，二次蒸馏进一步提纯氧化锌，得到的氧化锌纯度高，为废锌料工业化生产高纯度氧化锌奠定了基础；能够处理锌的质量分数大于15%的废锌料，回收利用废锌料的范围宽，实现了资源的循环利用，变废为宝，产生良好的经济效益和社会效益，而且避免了湿法生产造成的二次污染，成本低，效率高；该专用窑炉结构简单、成本低、生产效率高，适宜工业化生产。 The invention provides a method for producing zinc oxide by secondary distillation of waste zinc materials and a special kiln thereof. The method adopts a secondary distillation process to produce zinc oxide, the primary distillation removes dust, stones, steel parts and other sundries, and the secondary distillation Zinc oxide is further purified, and the obtained zinc oxide has high purity, which lays the foundation for the industrial production of high-purity zinc oxide from waste zinc; it can process waste zinc with a mass fraction of zinc greater than 15%, and the range of recycling and utilization of waste zinc is wide. It improves the recycling of resources, turns waste into treasure, produces good economic and social benefits, and avoids secondary pollution caused by wet production, with low cost and high efficiency; the special kiln has simple structure, low cost and high production efficiency. High, suitable for industrial production.
本发明所采取的技术方案是： The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种废锌料二次蒸馏生产氧化锌的方法及其专用窑炉，包括下述步骤： A method for producing zinc oxide by secondary distillation of waste zinc material and a special kiln thereof, comprising the following steps:
（1）第一次蒸馏：将废锌料和焦煤粉破碎成小于40目的颗粒料并按废锌料与焦煤重量比为1: 0.30-0.50进行混合得到废锌混合料；将废锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状废锌混合料投入回转窑中进行第一次蒸馏，收集得到粗氧化锌固体颗粒； (1) First distillation: Break zinc scrap and coking coal powder into pellets smaller than 40 meshes and mix them according to the weight ratio of zinc scrap and coking coal at 1: 0.30-0.50 to obtain zinc scrap mixture; mix scrap zinc The material is made into briquettes, and finally the briquette-shaped waste zinc mixture is put into the rotary kiln for the first distillation, and the coarse zinc oxide solid particles are collected;
（2）第二次蒸馏：将一次蒸馏得到的粗氧化锌与焦煤按重量比1: 0.25-0.35进行混合得到粗氧化锌混合料，再将粗氧化锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状粗氧化锌混合料投入专用窑炉中进行第二次蒸馏，收集得到高纯度氧化锌固体颗粒。 (2) The second distillation: mix the crude zinc oxide obtained from the first distillation with coking coal at a weight ratio of 1: 0.25-0.35 to obtain a crude zinc oxide mixture, then make the crude zinc oxide mixture into briquettes, and finally mix the coal The spherical coarse zinc oxide mixture is put into a special kiln for the second distillation, and high-purity zinc oxide solid particles are collected.
废锌混合料和粗氧化锌混合料的有效直径为8-15毫米。 The effective diameter of scrap zinc mixture and coarse zinc oxide mixture is 8-15mm.
废锌料二次蒸馏生产氧化锌的方法所用的专用窑炉为立式，包括：炉体、冷却装置、控风炉灰门、炉膛门、炉蓖、进风氧化口和烟道；烟道位于炉体的顶部；冷却装置位于烟道的末端；控风炉灰门位于炉蓖下部的炉体上，炉膛门位于炉蓖上部的炉体上，进风氧化口位于烟道上。 The special kiln used in the method of secondary distillation of scrap zinc to produce zinc oxide is vertical, including: furnace body, cooling device, ash door of air control furnace, furnace door, furnace grate, air inlet oxidation port and flue; flue It is located on the top of the furnace body; the cooling device is located at the end of the flue; the ash door of the air control furnace is located on the furnace body below the grate, the furnace door is located on the furnace body above the grate, and the air inlet oxidation port is located on the flue.
废锌料来源于钢铁件热镀锌生产、废镀锌件、废锌件、冶锌时产生的废渣、锌矿料以及富含锌的烟尘等，锌以氧化态、合金态、纯金属态等多种形式存在，常含有尘土、石块、钢铁件等，废锌料中锌的质量分数大于15%。 Scrap zinc materials come from the production of hot-dip galvanized iron and steel parts, scrap galvanized parts, scrap zinc parts, waste slag generated during galvanizing, zinc ore, and zinc-rich smoke, etc. Zinc is oxidized, alloyed, and pure metal. It exists in many forms, such as dust, stones, steel parts, etc., and the mass fraction of zinc in the scrap zinc material is greater than 15%.
回转窑倾斜放置，煤球状混合料自上端进入，在翻滚中下移，煤气燃烧产生的热源在回转窑底端，热气流在上升过程中加热煤球状混合料，使其中的金属态锌直接升华；使氧化状态的氧化锌以及铁酸锌与煤炭中的碳进行还原反应： The rotary kiln is placed obliquely, the briquette-like mixture enters from the upper end and moves down during tumbling, the heat source generated by gas combustion is at the bottom of the rotary kiln, and the hot air flow heats the briquette-like mixture during the rising process, so that the metallic zinc in it is directly sublimated ; Make zinc oxide in oxidation state and zinc ferrite carry out reduction reaction with carbon in coal:
C+O2 = CO2↑ C+O 2 = CO 2 ↑
CO2+C = 2CO↑ CO 2 +C = 2CO ↑
ZnO+CO = Zn(g)↑+CO2↑ ZnO+CO = Zn(g)↑+CO 2 ↑
ZnO·Fe2O3+CO = ZnO+2FeO+ CO2↑ ZnO·Fe 2 O 3 +CO = ZnO+2FeO+ CO 2 ↑
当温度在1050℃以上时（常采用1100——1300℃），上述反应进行迅速，同时氧化铁被还原为金属铁，更促进氧化锌的还原： When the temperature is above 1050°C (usually 1100-1300°C), the above reaction proceeds rapidly, and at the same time iron oxide is reduced to metallic iron, which further promotes the reduction of zinc oxide:
ZnO+ Fe = FeO+ Zn(g)↑ ZnO+ Fe = FeO+ Zn(g)↑
当气相中含有氧化性物质，如CO、CO2、H2O（气）时，进入气相的锌蒸气又被氧化成氧化锌。氧化锌在冷却装置中冷却，变成微粉颗粒状。 When the gas phase contains oxidizing substances, such as CO, CO 2 , H 2 O (gas), the zinc vapor entering the gas phase is oxidized to zinc oxide. Zinc oxide is cooled in the cooling device and becomes fine powder.
回转窑的转动，废锌料和焦碳在炉膛中翻滚，使废锌料中的锌的充分蒸出形成氧化锌，也促使尘土、石头、金属件从下部排出。同时，因为回转窑的翻滚，造成蒸馏得到的氧化锌中夹杂一定的杂质粉尘，得到的氧化锌纯度较低。 With the rotation of the rotary kiln, the waste zinc material and coke roll in the furnace, so that the zinc in the waste zinc material is fully evaporated to form zinc oxide, and also promotes the discharge of dust, stones and metal parts from the lower part. At the same time, due to the tumbling of the rotary kiln, certain impurity dust is mixed in the zinc oxide obtained by distillation, and the purity of the obtained zinc oxide is low.
二次蒸馏采用专用窑炉，专用窑炉为立式窑炉，蒸馏过程中为静态，炉体不翻转，可避免升华的锌蒸气中夹杂其它杂质粉尘，使二次蒸馏得到的氧化锌纯度更高。 The secondary distillation adopts a special kiln, which is a vertical kiln. The distillation process is static, and the furnace body does not turn over, which can prevent the sublimated zinc vapor from being mixed with other impurities and dust, so that the zinc oxide obtained by the secondary distillation has a higher purity. high.
专用窑炉的炉体上设有炉膛门，以便混合料加入；混合料在炉蓖上方的炉体内被加热，氧化锌与炭反应被还原成纯锌，在高温下锌升华成气态；炉体顶部设有烟道，烟道上设有进风氧化口，空气从进风氧化口进入，让气态锌氧化形成氧化锌，氧化锌再通过一段烟道进入冷却装置，形成固体状态的氧化锌微粒。 The furnace body of the special kiln is equipped with a furnace door for the addition of the mixture; the mixture is heated in the furnace body above the grate, and the zinc oxide and carbon react to be reduced to pure zinc, and the zinc sublimates into a gaseous state at high temperature; the furnace body There is a flue on the top, and an air inlet oxidation port is provided on the flue, and the air enters through the air inlet oxidation port to oxidize the gaseous zinc to form zinc oxide, and the zinc oxide enters the cooling device through a section of the flue to form zinc oxide particles in a solid state.
本发明利用回转窑进行一级蒸馏（即废锌料中的纯锌直接升华、氧化锌经碳还原后升华，随后氧化并在冷却装置中形成固体氧化锌颗粒），除去废锌料中的尘土、石头、钢铁等成分，得到含氧化锌70%以上的粗氧化锌；再在专用窑炉中进行粗氧化锌的二次蒸馏（即碳还原、升华、氧化、冷却），在冷却装置中得到高纯度氧化锌。一级蒸馏的主要目的是去除尘土、石头、钢铁件等杂物，二次蒸馏的主要目的是氧化锌的提纯。 The invention utilizes a rotary kiln for primary distillation (i.e. direct sublimation of pure zinc in waste zinc material, sublimation of zinc oxide after carbon reduction, subsequent oxidation and formation of solid zinc oxide particles in a cooling device) to remove dust in waste zinc material , stone, steel and other components to obtain crude zinc oxide containing more than 70% zinc oxide; then carry out secondary distillation of crude zinc oxide in a special kiln (i.e. carbon reduction, sublimation, oxidation, cooling), and obtain in a cooling device High purity zinc oxide. The main purpose of primary distillation is to remove dust, stones, steel parts and other sundries, and the main purpose of secondary distillation is to purify zinc oxide.
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于： The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme are:
1.采用二次蒸馏工艺生产氧化锌，一级蒸馏去除尘土、石头、钢铁件等杂物，二次蒸馏进一步提纯氧化锌，得到的氧化锌纯度高，为废锌料工业化生产高纯度氧化锌奠定了基础。 1. Adopt the secondary distillation process to produce zinc oxide, the primary distillation removes dust, stones, steel parts and other sundries, and the secondary distillation further purifies the zinc oxide. Foundation.
2.能够处理锌的质量分数大于15%的废锌料，回收利用废锌料的范围宽，实现了资源的循环利用，变废为宝，产生良好的经济效益和社会效益，而且避免了湿法生产造成的二次污染，成本低，效率高。 2. It can process zinc scraps with a mass fraction of zinc greater than 15%. The range of recycling and utilization of zinc scraps is wide, realizing the recycling of resources, turning waste into treasure, producing good economic and social benefits, and avoiding moisture The secondary pollution caused by the production method is low in cost and high in efficiency.
3.本发明的专用窑炉结构简单、成本低、生产效率高，适宜工业化生产。 3. The special kiln of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high production efficiency, and is suitable for industrial production.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。 The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图1是本发明中专用窑炉的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is the structural representation of special kiln among the present invention.
1 炉体；2 冷却装置；3 控风炉灰门；4 炉膛门；5 炉蓖；6 进风氧化口；7 烟道。 1 Furnace body; 2 Cooling device; 3 Air control furnace ash door; 4 Furnace door; 5 Furnace grate; 6 Air inlet oxidation port; 7 Flue.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明所用专用窑炉为立式，其包括：炉体1、冷却装置2、控风炉灰门3、炉膛门4、炉蓖5、进风氧化口6和烟道7；烟道7位于炉体1的顶部；冷却装置2位于烟道7的末端；控风炉灰门3位于炉蓖5下部的炉体1上，炉膛门4位于炉蓖5上部的炉体1上，进风氧化口6位于烟道7上。 The special kiln used in the present invention is a vertical type, which includes: a furnace body 1, a cooling device 2, an ash door 3 of an air control furnace, a hearth door 4, a furnace grate 5, an air inlet oxidation port 6 and a flue 7; the flue 7 is located at The top of the furnace body 1; the cooling device 2 is located at the end of the flue 7; the air control furnace ash door 3 is located on the furnace body 1 at the lower part of the furnace grate 5, and the furnace door 4 is located on the furnace body 1 at the upper part of the furnace grate 5, and the air is oxidized Port 6 is located on flue 7 .
使用时，混合料从炉膛门4加入炉蓖5上，混合料在的炉体1内被加热，氧化锌与炭反应被还原成纯锌，在高温下锌升华成气态，气态的锌进入烟道7，与进风氧化口6进入的空气汇合，气态锌被氧化生成氧化锌，气态氧化锌再经一段烟道7进入冷却装置2进行冷却得到颗粒状氧化锌。二次蒸馏的废料经炉蓖5落到炉体5底部，经控风炉灰门3从炉体1内移出，控风炉灰门3还可以对蒸馏时的进风量进行调节。 When in use, the mixture is added to the furnace grate 5 from the furnace door 4, and the mixture is heated in the furnace body 1, and the zinc oxide and carbon react to be reduced to pure zinc. Road 7 merges with the air entering the air inlet oxidation port 6, the gaseous zinc is oxidized to form zinc oxide, and the gaseous zinc oxide enters the cooling device 2 through a section of flue 7 for cooling to obtain granular zinc oxide. The secondary distillation waste falls to the bottom of the furnace body 5 through the grate 5, and is removed from the furnace body 1 through the air control furnace ash door 3, which can also adjust the air intake during distillation.
实施例1 Example 1
（1）第一次蒸馏：将废锌料和焦煤粉破碎成小于40目的颗粒料并按废锌料与焦煤重量比为1: 0.40进行混合得到废锌混合料；将废锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状废锌混合料投入回转窑中进行一次蒸馏得到粗氧化锌固体颗粒； (1) The first distillation: crush the waste zinc material and coking coal powder into granules smaller than 40 meshes and mix them according to the weight ratio of waste zinc material and coking coal at 1: 0.40 to obtain the waste zinc mixture; make the waste zinc mixture into briquettes, and finally put the briquette-shaped waste zinc mixture into the rotary kiln for one distillation to obtain coarse zinc oxide solid particles;
（2）第二次蒸馏：将一次蒸馏得到的粗氧化锌与焦煤按重量比为1: 0.25进行混合得到粗氧化锌混合料，再将粗氧化锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状粗氧化锌混合料投入专用窑炉中进行静态蒸馏，收集氧化锌固体颗粒。 (2) Second distillation: mix the crude zinc oxide obtained from the first distillation with coking coal at a weight ratio of 1:0.25 to obtain a crude zinc oxide mixture, then make the crude zinc oxide mixture into briquettes, and finally briquette The coarse zinc oxide mixture is put into a special kiln for static distillation to collect zinc oxide solid particles.
本实施例中，得到的氧化锌固体颗粒的纯度为99.70%。 In this example, the purity of the obtained zinc oxide solid particles was 99.70%.
实施例2 Example 2
（1）第一次蒸馏：将废锌料和焦煤粉破碎成小于40目的颗粒料并按废锌料与焦煤重量比为1: 0.30进行混合得到废锌混合料；将废锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状废锌混合料投入回转窑中进行一次蒸馏得到粗氧化锌固体颗粒； (1) The first distillation: crush the waste zinc material and coking coal powder into granules smaller than 40 meshes and mix them according to the weight ratio of waste zinc material and coking coal at 1: 0.30 to obtain the waste zinc mixture; make the waste zinc mixture into briquettes, and finally put the briquette-shaped waste zinc mixture into the rotary kiln for one distillation to obtain coarse zinc oxide solid particles;
（2）第二次蒸馏：将一次蒸馏得到的粗氧化锌与焦煤按重量比为1: 0.35进行混合得到粗氧化锌混合料，再将粗氧化锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状粗氧化锌混合料投入专用窑炉中进行静态蒸馏，收集氧化锌固体颗粒。 (2) Second distillation: Mix the crude zinc oxide obtained from the first distillation with coking coal at a weight ratio of 1:0.35 to obtain a crude zinc oxide mixture, then make the crude zinc oxide mixture into briquettes, and finally briquette The coarse zinc oxide mixture is put into a special kiln for static distillation to collect zinc oxide solid particles.
本实施例中，得到的氧化锌固体颗粒的纯度为98.51%。 In this example, the purity of the obtained zinc oxide solid particles was 98.51%.
实施例3 Example 3
（1）第一次蒸馏：将废锌料和焦煤粉破碎成小于40目的颗粒料并按废锌料与焦煤重量比为1: 0.50进行混合得到废锌混合料；将废锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状废锌混合料投入回转窑中进行一次蒸馏得到粗氧化锌固体颗粒； (1) The first distillation: crush the waste zinc material and coking coal powder into granules smaller than 40 meshes and mix them according to the weight ratio of waste zinc material and coking coal at 1:0.50 to obtain the waste zinc mixture; make the waste zinc mixture into briquettes, and finally put the briquette-shaped waste zinc mixture into the rotary kiln for one distillation to obtain coarse zinc oxide solid particles;
（2）第二次蒸馏：将一次蒸馏得到的粗氧化锌与焦煤按重量比为1: 0.30进行混合得到粗氧化锌混合料，再将粗氧化锌混合料制成煤球状，最后将煤球状粗氧化锌混合料投入专用窑炉中进行静态蒸馏，收集氧化锌固体颗粒。 (2) Second distillation: mix the crude zinc oxide obtained from the first distillation with coking coal at a weight ratio of 1:0.30 to obtain a crude zinc oxide mixture, then make the crude zinc oxide mixture into briquettes, and finally briquette The coarse zinc oxide mixture is put into a special kiln for static distillation to collect zinc oxide solid particles.
本实施例中，得到的氧化锌固体颗粒的纯度为98.98%。 In this example, the purity of the obtained zinc oxide solid particles was 98.98%. the
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