CN102816700B

CN102816700B - Over-water enclosure type floating island algae cultivation technology

Info

Publication number: CN102816700B
Application number: CN201210288600.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘德富; 杨正健; 纪道斌; 黄钰铃; 王从锋; 宋林旭
Original assignee: China Three Gorges University CTGU
Current assignee: China Three Gorges University CTGU
Priority date: 2012-08-15
Filing date: 2012-08-15
Publication date: 2014-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-15
Also published as: CN102816700A

Abstract

A water-enclosed floating island algae cultivation technology, in which a layer of film is set within the depth of the euphotic layer of eutrophic natural water body, and the film is fixed around the floating bed above the water surface to form an enclosed floating island; The power facility pumps the water below the euphotic layer directly into the surrounding floating island, and at the same time ensures that the isolated water body in the surrounding floating island is always in the euphotic layer; an aeration device is installed at the bottom of the surrounding floating island to continuously input air into the The isolated water body surrounding the floating island is fully mixed with the isolated water body in the surrounding floating island; then the isolated water body surrounding the floating island is disinfected and sterilized, and the corresponding mature medium is added for microalgae cultivation, and the concentration of chlorophyll a When the concentration is greater than 1000 μg/L, the water body of microalgae is collected to achieve the purpose of cultivating microalgae on the water. The invention can carry out low-cost microalgae cultivation on the water surface, is suitable for most eutrophic water bodies in my country, and can also be applied in urban polluted rivers and oceans after appropriate improvement.

Description

Algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa

Technical field

Algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne of the present invention chinampa, relates to micro-algae and cultivates field.

Background technology

Since the nearly century, world population rapid growth, industrial develop rapidly, resource consumption increases suddenly.On the one hand, the fossil oil overexploitation taking oil, fire coal as representative, is close to exhaustion, and energy shortage becomes the current and subject matter of society later; On the other hand, a large amount of consumption of fossil oil causes greenhouse gases to discharge in a large number, from the 1950's, and CO ₂concentration level and global temperatures have had obvious rising, have aggravated global warming benefit, cause exceedingly odious weather to take place frequently.Therefore, find sustainable regeneration, eco-friendly novel energy is imperative.

Shortage of water resources and water environmental problems are also the baptisms that human society faces.Along with the deep development of human social economy's activity, the trade effluent that contains in a large number the pollutent such as nitrogen, phosphorus enters water body, causes body eutrophication, causes that algae overgrowing, harmful algal bloom take place frequently, deteriorating water quality, and mankind's safe drinking water in serious threat.The Hu Ku algal blooms every year such as Taihu Lake, Chaohu, Dian Chi and Three Gorges Reservoir form and have a strong impact on respective regions mankind's activity.Meanwhile, the countries and regions in the whole world 40% are faced with water shortage problem, and the sustainable use of water resources is extremely urgent.Adopt water body recycle significant to minimizing sewage discharge, alleviation shortage of water resources.Therefore, research and develop efficient, cheap, water quality advanced purification technology has significant application prospect easily.

Micro-algae may be the ultimate outlet that the mankind address the above problem.First, microalgae grease content is higher, and some unicellular micro-algae can accumulate the grease that is equivalent to dry cell weight 20%～70%, and it is 80 times of unit surface vegetable seed oil yield rate, is unique raw material that may replace fossil energy known today.Secondly, micro-algae has that growth velocity is fast, results short, photosynthetic utilising efficiency high in period, annual fixing CO ₂account for greatly 40% of global net photosynthesis output, can effectively absorb greenhouse gases, alleviate global greenhouse effect.Meanwhile, in micro algae growth process, can absorb in a large number the pollutent such as nitrogen, phosphorus in water body, as long as can effectively gather, can carry out high-efficient purification to sewage.

But how by artificial large scale culturing technology, obtaining micro algae biomass is the key that micro-algae develops efficient, cheaply.Present micro-algae culture technique focuses mostly in light autotrophy system; comprise outdoor open cultivation and various bioreactor; mainly carry out on land, water consumption, consumption ground, power consumption, consumption equipment have increased micro-algae and have cultivated cost, become the main neck bottle of its large-scale production.China's most of earth's surface water is all subject to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in various degree, especially Basin of Huaihe River, Deng Hu storehouse, Yangtze valley body eutrophication are very serious, how to research and develop the micro-algae High effecfive technique of low cost, can reduce water consumption, reduce kinetic energy and then dwindle cost, again can purifying water body, absorbing carbon dioxide, reduces environmental pollution pressure, has important application prospect.Meanwhile, China's oceanic resources are abundant, if the micro-algae culture technique of marine low cost research and develop successfully, by for the artificial large scale culturing of micro-algae provides wide space, significant.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa to support algae technology, can isolate a part of eutrophication water, make it in euphotic layer, fully accept all the time illumination, algae utilizes natural water body high resolution carbonic acid gas and high nutritive salt to breed, and then reach the objects such as the convenient cultivation of micro-algae, polluted water purification, the solid carbon of reduction of discharging, greatly dwindle micro-algae and cultivate cost.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to realize by such technical scheme: algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa, comprise the following steps: step 1: in the euphotic layer depth range of eutrophication natural water body, thin film is set, and film surrounding is fixed in the floating bed that exceeds the water surface, form an enclosure chinampa; Step 2: utilize power facility that the water body below euphotic layer is directly pumped in enclosure chinampa, ensure that isolation water body in enclosure chinampa is all the time in euphotic layer simultaneously; Step 3: for making isolation water body in enclosure chinampa in admixture, in bottom, enclosure chinampa, aerating apparatus is set, air is constantly input in the isolation water body on enclosure chinampa, the isolation water body in enclosure chinampa is fully mixed;

Step 4: then to the isolation water body on enclosure chinampa carry out disinfection, sterilization, add corresponding maturation medium and carry out micro-algae cultivation, after its chlorophyll-a concentration exceedes certain threshold values, micro-algae water body is collected, reach the object that micro-algae waterborne is cultivated.

Algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa, comprises the following steps: step 1: in the euphotic layer depth range of eutrophication natural water body, thin film is set, the surrounding of film is fixed on support, support is erected on floating drum, forms enclosure chinampa;

Step 2: utilize water pump that the eutrophic water body below euphotic layer is pumped in enclosure chinampa, pump intake is established filtering net,

Step 3: utilize air compressor machine that air is input to the bottom on enclosure chinampa and is discharged by tracheae, guarantee in enclosure chinampa that water body is in admixture; Step 4: to water body in enclosure chinampa carry out disinfection, sterilization, throw in corresponding substratum, allow water body cultivate in enclosure chinampa; After treating that the interior water body chlorophyll alpha concentration of enclosure is greater than 1000 μ g/L, algae is collected and processed.

A kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa, comprises the film that is positioned at water body euphotic layer, and film surrounding is fixed on support, and support is arranged on floating drum, forms enclosure chinampa.Described support is provided with water pump, water pump connecting water pipe, water pump is pumped into the eutrophic water body below euphotic layer in enclosure chinampa by water pipe, and described support is provided with air compressor machine, air compressor machine connects tracheae, and air compressor machine is input to air enclosure chinampa inner bottom part and is discharged by tracheae.Described water pump connecting water pipe, the water inlet position of water pipe is provided with filtering net.

Algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne of the present invention chinampa, can on the water surface, carry out the micro-algae of low cost cultivates, be applicable to the waters such as China most of eutrophic water bodies, especially Three Gorges Reservoir, Taihu Lake, Dian Chi, after suitably improving in municipal pollution river and in ocean, also can apply.This technology combines the benefits such as simple and easy micro-algae cultivation, carbon dioxide absorption, water body purification, significantly reduce micro-algae and cultivated cost, expand micro-algae and cultivated added benefit, save soil simultaneously, provide strong technical support for micro-algae carries out extensive development within the scope of the wide waters such as fresh water, seawater.

Brief description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:

The theoretical schematic diagram of critical layer of Fig. 1 principle of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the present invention's enclosure formula waterborne chinampa structural representation.

Embodiment

Algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa, according to critical layer theory, in eutrophication natural water body euphotic layer depth range, thin film is set, and film surrounding is fixed in the floating bed that exceeds the water surface, forms an annular enclosure chinampa.

Utilize power facility that the eutrophy body of salt below euphotic layer is directly pumped in enclosure chinampa, because of water phytoplankton in euphotic layer and animal relative concentration higher, ensure to extract the water body below euphotic layer as far as possible.Ensured in enclosure chinampa that isolation water body is all the time in euphotic layer.

For making water body in enclosure chinampa in admixture, in bottom, enclosure chinampa, aerating apparatus is set, air is constantly input in enclosure floating island water body, impel water body in enclosure chinampa fully to mix.In enclosure chinampa, water body just can be accepted illumination sufficiently uniformly like this.Then to enclosure floating island water body carry out disinfection, sterilization, add corresponding maturation medium and carry out micro-algae cultivation, reach after 1000 μ g/L wait cultivating 5-7 days, chlorophyll-a concentration, micro-algae water body is collected, reach the object that the micro-algae of low cost waterborne is cultivated.

Embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, critical layer theory thinks, the in the situation that of nutritive salt abundance, algae primary productivity and photosynthetically active radiation are linear, and the algae primary productivity loss causing because of respiration, predation, sedimentation etc. is certain value along depth of water direction; The degree of depth that the clean productivity of algae is zero point is called light compensation depth, and light compensation depth is above is called euphotic layer to the water surface; Down carrying out clean productivity from surface along the depth of water adds up, clean productivity accumulated value has reflected Alga increasing potentiality in water column, clean productivity accumulated value reaches maximum at light compensation depth place, reduce gradually below from light compensation depth, also there is a zero point, this depth of water is the critical layer degree of depth, and below the critical layer degree of depth, clean productivity accumulated value is less than zero.In addition, the impacts such as water body Yin Wendu, salinity, sediment concentration, there is certain water body vertical layered structure, affected by illumination, wind disturbance etc. near water surface one deck water body, the vertical blending of water body is strong, be called mixolimnion, because of algae density and water body density difference less, think in mixolimnion that algae is vertical to be evenly distributed.Like this, the relativeness that mixolimnion, euphotic layer, critical layer are three layers, has determined Alga increasing potentiality in water column.That is: in the time that mixolimnion is below critical layer, in water column, the clean productivity accumulated value of algae is less than zero, and phytoplankton growth is restricted, and wawter bloom disappears; In the time that mixolimnion occupy between euphotic layer and critical layer, in water column, the clean productivity of algae is less, and algae proliferation is slower; In the time that mixolimnion is less than or equal to euphotic layer, in water column, the clean productivity of algae reaches maximum, plant plankton overgrowing.Therefore, as long as ensure that water mixing layer depth is all the time in euphotic layer, and provide sufficient nutrient salt, restriction zooplankton, just can make algae increase rapidly.

As shown in Figure 2, algae technology is supported on a kind of enclosure formula waterborne chinampa, determines the water body euphotic layer degree of depth and the depth of water; In euphotic layer, certain depth of water place film laying 1, as polyethylene film, is fixed on the surrounding of film 1 on support 3, and support 3 is erected on floating drum 2, forms enclosure chinampa.

Utilize water pump 4 that the eutrophic water body below euphotic layer is pumped in enclosure chinampa, water pump 4 water-ins are established filtering net 7, prevent that zooplankton from entering enclosure chinampa, ensure that the inside and outside water level in enclosure chinampa maintains an equal level.To water body in enclosure chinampa carry out disinfection, sterilization, throw in corresponding substratum.Utilize air compressor machine 5 that air is input to enclosure chinampa inner bottom part and is discharged by tracheae 6, guarantee in enclosure chinampa that water body is in admixture.Allow water body cultivate in enclosure chinampa, after treating in enclosure chinampa that water body chlorophyll alpha concentration is greater than 1000 μ g/L, algae is collected and processed, reach the object that the micro-algae of low cost waterborne is cultivated.

Claims

1. A method for raising algae on enclosed floating islands on water, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: a layer of film is set within the depth range of the euphotic layer of the eutrophic natural water body, and the film is fixed around the surface above the water surface Form an enclosed floating island on the floating bed; step 2: use power facilities to directly pump the water below the euphotic layer into the enclosed floating island, and at the same time ensure that the isolated water body in the enclosed floating island is always in the euphotic layer; step Three: In order to keep the isolated water body in the isolated floating island in a mixed state, an aeration device is installed at the bottom of the isolated floating island to continuously input air into the isolated water body in the isolated floating island, so that the isolated water body in the isolated floating island Fully mix; Step 4: Then disinfect and sterilize the isolated water body surrounding the floating island, add corresponding mature medium to cultivate microalgae, and collect the water body of microalgae after the concentration of chlorophyll a exceeds a certain threshold, that is, reach the surface of the water. The purpose of microalgae culture.

2. A method for growing algae on an enclosed floating island on water, characterized in that it comprises an enclosed floating island on water, the floating island includes a film (1) located in the euphotic layer of the water body, and the film (1) is fixed around the On the bracket (3), the bracket (3) is installed on the buoy (2) to form an enclosed floating island; the bracket (3) is provided with a water pump (4), and the water pump (4) is connected to a water pipe, and the water pump (4) passes through the water pipe The nutrient-rich water below the euphotic layer is pumped into the surrounding floating island. The support (3) is equipped with an air compressor (5), and the air compressor (5) is connected to the trachea (6), and the air compressor (5) The air is input to the inner bottom of the enclosed floating island through the air pipe (6) and released, the water pump (4) is connected to the water pipe, and a filter screen (7) is provided at the water inlet of the water pipe;

Steps for growing algae using the enclosed floating island on the water:

Step 1: Install a film (1) within the depth of the euphotic layer of the eutrophic natural water body, fix the surrounding of the film (1) on the bracket (3), and the bracket (3) is erected on the buoy (2), form an enclosed floating island;

Step 2: Use the water pump (4) to pump the eutrophic water below the euphotic layer into the surrounding floating island, and a filter (7) is installed at the water inlet of the water pipe;

Step 3: Use the air compressor (5) to input air to the bottom of the isolated floating island through the air pipe (6) and release it to ensure that the water in the isolated floating island is in a mixed state;

Step 4: Disinfect and sterilize the water body in the enclosed floating island, put in the corresponding medium, let the water body be cultivated in the enclosed floating island, and collect the algae after the chlorophyll a concentration of the water body in the enclosed floating island is greater than 1000 μg/L. deal with.