CN102703735A - Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore - Google Patents
Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102703735A CN102703735A CN2012102078919A CN201210207891A CN102703735A CN 102703735 A CN102703735 A CN 102703735A CN 2012102078919 A CN2012102078919 A CN 2012102078919A CN 201210207891 A CN201210207891 A CN 201210207891A CN 102703735 A CN102703735 A CN 102703735A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laterite
- type nickel
- melting
- nickel ore
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 304
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000020095 red wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 58
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910004762 CaSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910017625 MgSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000566146 Asio Species 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002588 FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)iron Chemical compound S=[Fe]=S NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting nickel matte by a laterite type nickel ore. The method comprises the following steps: a) the laterite type nickel ore is smelted by a rotary kiln electric furnace or a weld crater to obtain a ferronickel product; and b) the ferronickel product and a vulcanizer are mixed and then smelted in a converter to obtain a nickel matte product and waste residue. According to the method for smelting the nickel matte by the laterite type nickel ore disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the ferronickel product can be obtained by smelting in the rotary kiln electric furnace or the weld crater, and then the ferronickel product is smelted in the converter to obtain the nickel matte product. The method has high operability, the ferronickel product can be obtained in the intermediate reaction, the laterite smelting work can be carried out in the area lacking electric power, the energy source in the whole production process can be provided by coal, a cogeneration technology can be utilized for heat energy recycling after high temperature smoke is dedusted in the production process, and the effect that the energy consumption in the whole smelting process can be effectively reduced is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Metal smelting technical field, more specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte.
Background technology
Characteristics such as that nickel has is anti-oxidant, anticorrosive, high temperature resistant, intensity is high, ductility is good; Its purposes very extensively; Especially the consumption proportion in iron and steel and non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry is maximum; Next is applied in industries such as light industry, machinofacture, chemical industry, oil and electric power, and high-technology field is also very vigorous to the demand of nickel.
The reserves of world's continental rise nickel are about 41,700,000,000 tons, and 39.14% form with sulphide ores exists, and about in the world 70% nickel is from sulphide ores, to extract, and compose to exist the nickel in the ore deposit to account for 60.16% of nickel reserves.But along with the nickel sulfide ore of economic utilization and the exhaustion day by day of higher-grade red soil nickel ore resource, the economic development of a large amount of low-grade red soil nickel ores that exist has become the research focus of current metallurgy of nickel.
Yet the smelting process of present red soil nickel ore and device processes ability are lower, and energy consumption is big, is unfavorable for environmental protection, therefore still remain to be improved.At present, laterite mainly utilizes electric furnace process melting ferronickel product, and the product of production is mainly used in the production stainless steel.Utilize existing rotary kiln-eaf process smelting ferronickel product, relatively harsher to the requirement of factory's location EPS, especially lack the area at electric power, be difficult to carry out the production work of the laterite utilization of resources.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or provides a kind of useful commerce to select at least.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte simple, that energy consumption is low and feasibility is strong of implementing.
The method of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to the embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps:
A) said laterite-type nickel ore is obtained the ferronickel product through rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting; With
B) said ferronickel product is mixed back adding converter with vulcanizing agent and carry out melting, obtain nickel matte product and waste residue.
The method of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to the embodiment of the invention; Can obtain the ferronickel product through rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting, again the ferronickel product carried out the converter melting, can obtain the nickel matte product; This method is workable; And intermediate reaction can obtain the ferronickel product, can carry out laterite smelting work in the area that electric power lacks, and coal can provide the energy of whole process of production; High-temperature flue gas carries out heat energy recycle through cogeneration technology capable of using after taking off dirt in the production process, reaches the effect of the whole smelting process energy consumption of effective reduction.
In addition, the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characterictic:
According to one embodiment of present invention, obtain said ferronickel product at laterite-type nickel ore described in the step a) through bath smelting, and said step a) comprises:
A-1-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed with first reductive agent, obtain first mixture;
A-1-2) said first mixture is carried out bath smelting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue, wherein, in said first mixture, contain the said laterite-type nickel ore of 60～80 weight parts and said first reductive agent of 5～20 weight parts.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said bath smelting is top-blown bath melting, side-blowing bath melting or bottom blowing bath smelting.
According to one embodiment of present invention, first slag former that also is added with 5～20 weight parts said step a-1-1) is to obtain said first mixture.
According to one embodiment of present invention, obtain said ferronickel product at laterite-type nickel ore described in the step a) through the rotary kiln electrosmelting, and said step a) comprises:
A-2-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed the back with coal and add the dry kiln drying, obtain extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals;
A-2-2) said extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals is mixed and add calcination rotary kiln with second reductive agent and first slag former and carry out roasting, obtain calcining;
A-2-3) said calcining is added electric furnace and smelt, obtain the ferronickel product.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said first reductive agent and said second reductive agent are to be selected from one or more of hard coal, bituminous coal and coke.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said first slag former is to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash, sodium sulfate, gypsum and calcium sulfate.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step b) comprises:
B-1) said ferronickel product is mixed with said vulcanizing agent obtain second mixture;
B-2) said second mixture is added converter, and adding second slag former carries out the converter melting in converter, obtains nickel matte product and waste residue.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said vulcanizing agent is to be selected from one or more of sulphur, pyrite, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and sal epsom.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in said second mixture, contain the said ferronickel product of 80wt%～95wt%, the said vulcanizing agent of 3wt%～5wt% and said second slag former of 5wt%～10wt%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the temperature of said converter melting is 1300～1500 ℃.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said nickel matte is Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2Mixture with NiFe.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said step b) also comprises:
B-3) said waste residue is carried out recycling and obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
According to one embodiment of present invention, said second slag former is to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash and sodium sulfate.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet according to the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, be intended to be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
The flow process of the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte involved in the present invention at first, is described with reference to figure 1.
Particularly, the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte involved in the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A) said laterite-type nickel ore is obtained the ferronickel product through rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting; With
B) said ferronickel product is mixed back adding converter with vulcanizing agent and carry out melting, obtain nickel matte product and waste residue.
Thus, according to the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte of the embodiment of the invention, can obtain the ferronickel product through rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting; Again the ferronickel product is carried out the converter melting; Can obtain the nickel matte product, this method is workable, and intermediate reaction can obtain the ferronickel product; Can carry out laterite smelting work in the area that electric power lacks; And coal can provide the energy of whole process of production, and high-temperature flue gas carries out heat energy recycle through cogeneration technology capable of using after taking off dirt in the production process, reaches the effect of the whole smelting process energy consumption of effective reduction.
About step a), it will be appreciated that said laterite-type nickel ore is smelted the method that obtains the ferronickel product does not have particular restriction, for example can adopt the method for rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting.
When said laterite-type nickel ore obtained the ferronickel product through bath smelting, its concrete operations can comprise:
A-1-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed with first reductive agent, obtain first mixture;
A-1-2) said first mixture is carried out bath smelting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue, wherein, in said first mixture, contain the said laterite-type nickel ore of 60～80 weight parts and said first reductive agent of 5～20 weight parts.
Said laterite-type nickel ore mixes the method that obtains mixture with first reductive agent does not have particular restriction; Considering possibly exist in the laterite-type nickel ore than juicy to influence normally carrying out of bath smelting, can carry out drying to said laterite-type nickel ore and obtain mixing behind the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore again.The drying plant of said laterite-type nickel ore does not have particular restriction yet, as long as can play the effect of dry laterite-type nickel ore, preferably, said laterite-type nickel ore carries out drying through dry kiln.
Selection about first reductive agent it will be appreciated that, said first reductive agent has reductibility, and can be used as the fuel use, to reach the temperature of bath smelting through burning.Consider the cost problem, preferably, said first reductive agent can be to be selected from hard coal, bituminous coal and the coke one or more.
The method of said bath smelting does not have particular restriction, can select different melting method according to different melting equipments.Preferably, said melting method can comprise top-blown bath melting, side-blowing bath melting or bottom blowing bath smelting.
Nickel is to exist with complicated silicate form in laterite, like chlorite, villiersite, serpentine class mineral.All kinds of mineral all pass through and decompose to generate simple silicate, and simple silicate is directly with the reductive agent reaction or reacting with reductive agent behind the generation NiO under the slag former effect again.
(1) mechanism of the simple silicate of chlorite class mineral decomposition generation is:
（a）Ni
3Si
2O
5(OH)
4→Ni
3Si
2O
7+2H
2O
（b）2Ni
3Si
2O
7→3Ni
2SiO
4+SiO
2
(2) mechanism of the simple silicate of villiersite decomposition generation is:
（a）(Ni,Mg)
3Si
4O
10(OH)
2→3(Ni,Mg)SiO
3+SiO
2+H
2O
（b）2(Ni,Mg)SiO
3→(Ni,Mg)
2SiO
4+SiO
2
Simple silicate and the direct reduction mechanism of reductive agent are:
(Ni,Mg)
2SiO
4+C→Ni+CO
2+Mg
2SiO
4
Ni
2SiO
4(Ni, Mg)
2SiO
4(staple of participating in reaction in the slag former is the AO of slag former through producing after decomposing, and wherein, said AO is CaO, MgO or Na at slag former
2O, the decomposition mechanism of AO is seen the reaction of slag former in fusion process) effect down the reaction mechanism of replacement(metathesis)reaction generation NiO be:
(Ni,Mg)
2SiO
4+AO→NiO+(A,Mg)
2SiO
4
Ni
2SiO
4+AO→ASiO
4+NiO
The NiO that displaces is that The dissolved representes that with [NiO] its reduction mechanism is:
[NiO]+C→Ni+CO
2
Consider that iron possibly exist with pyrrhosiderite, rhombohedral iron ore, complicated silicate such as multi mineral forms such as serpentine, pyrophyllite in the laterite; Therefore; The iron of different existence state, its reduction mechanism is different, and the principal reaction of reductive agent in reduction process is also inequality.
(1) iron of pyrrhosiderite form existence, its melting and reducing mechanism is:
(a) the pyrrhosiderite high temperature dehydration decomposes
FeOOH→Fe
2O
3+H
2O
(b) melting and reducing
Fe
2O
3+C+O
2→Fe+CO
2
(2) rhombohedral iron ore melting and reducing mechanism is:
Fe
2O
3+C+O
2→Fe+CO
2
(3) iron melting and reducing mechanism is in the pyrophyllite:
(a) pyrophyllite pyrolytic decomposition
Fe
2Si
4O
10(OH)
2→Fe
2O
3+SiO
2+H
2O
(b) melting and reducing
Fe
2O
3+C+O
2→Fe+CO
2
Thus; Can make the ferronickel product that mixes by Ni, Fe etc.; Wherein, The mass percent of Ni is 10～30% in the said ferronickel product, and the mass percent of Fe is 70～90%, also contains mass percent in the said ferronickel product and be 0.01～0.1% S and mass percent and be 0.1～5% C.
Consider the temperature of reaction of ferronickel product melting, in order to guarantee normally carrying out of melting reaction, preferably, the temperature of reaction of said bath smelting is 1400～1600 ℃.
Because the temperature of reaction of said bath smelting is 1400～1600 ℃, the ferronickel product outflow temperature that reaction obtains under this temperature is about 1300～1500 ℃, and the outflow temperature of waste residue is about 1350～1550 ℃.Consider that the higher waste residue of temperature is discharged the treating processes difficulty and cost is higher, therefore, can before said first mixture carries out bath smelting, mix an amount of first slag former to reduce the waste residue outflow temperature.Preferably, can in said first mixture, sneak into first slag former of 5～20 weight parts.Selection about said first slag former does not have particular restriction, as long as can combine the SiO in the extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals melt
2, the fusing point that reduces extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals gets final product.Preferably, said first slag former is to be selected from Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash, sodium sulfate, gypsum and the calcium sulfate one or more.
The principal reaction of Wingdale in the bath smelting process is:
CaCO
3→CaO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
The principal reaction of rhombspar in the bath smelting process is:
CaMgCO
3→CaO+MgO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
MgO+SiO
2→MgSiO
3
The principal reaction of yellow soda ash in the bath smelting process is:
Na
2CO
3→Na
2O+CO
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
The principal reaction of sodium sulfate in the bath smelting process is:
Na
2SO
4→Na
2O+SO
2+O
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
The principal reaction of calcium sulfate in the bath smelting process is:
CaSO
4→CaO+SO
2+O
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
Having under the reductive agent situation, the calcium sulfate decomposition mechanism is:
2CaSO
4+C→2CaO+2SO
2+CO
2
After adding first slag former, the outflow temperature of waste residue can be reduced to 1350～1450 ℃, has reduced waste residue and has discharged the difficulty of handling, and has reduced cost.
Its concrete operations can for: laterite-type nickel ore is provided, and dry said laterite-type nickel ore obtains the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore; The exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore is mixed with said first reductive agent, obtain first mixture.Said first mixture is carried out bath smelting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue.
When said laterite-type nickel ore obtained the ferronickel product through the rotary kiln electrosmelting, its concrete operations can comprise:
A-2-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed the back with coal and add the dry kiln drying, obtain extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals;
A-2-2) said extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals is mixed and add calcination rotary kiln with second reductive agent and first slag former and carry out roasting; Obtain calcining; Wherein said extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals is 60～80 weight parts, and said second reductive agent is 5～20 weight parts, and said first slag former is 5～20 weight parts;
A-2-3) said calcining is added electric furnace and smelt, obtain the ferronickel product.
Said drying means and equipment do not have particular restriction, can be identical with used method and apparatus in the bath smelting ferronickel product, and the method for use of first slag former and act on identical in the method for use of said first slag former and effect and the bath smelting ferronickel product.Said second reductive agent also has reductibility, and can be used as the fuel use, to reach the temperature of bath smelting through burning.Consider the cost problem, preferably, said second reductive agent can be to be selected from hard coal, bituminous coal and the coke one or more.
The principal reaction of reductive agent in reduction process is:
Fe
2O
3+C→Fe
3O
4+CO
Fe
3O
4+C→FeO+CO
NiO+C→Ni+CO
2
Thus, the method through the rotary kiln electrosmelting also can obtain the ferronickel product.
About in the step b) ferronickel product being carried out the method that melting obtains the nickel matte product, it will be appreciated that its melting method and equipment do not have particular restriction, for example can adopt the converter melting.Its concrete operations can comprise:
B-1) said ferronickel product is mixed with said vulcanizing agent obtain second mixture;
B-2) said second mixture is added converter, and adding second slag former carries out the converter melting in converter, obtains nickel matte product and waste residue.
Wherein, in said second mixture, contain the said ferronickel product of 80wt%～95wt%, the said vulcanizing agent of 3wt%～5wt%.
Selection about said vulcanizing agent it will be appreciated that, the main effect of said vulcanizing agent be with the ferronickel product in reaction such as NiO, FeO, NiFe and Ni to form the nickel matte product, preferably, said vulcanizing agent can be for being selected from sulphur (S), pyrite (FeS
2), in calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and the sal epsom one or more.
When selecting sulphur (S) as vulcanizing agent for use, the principal reaction in the converter fusion process is:
NiO+S→Ni
3S
2+SO
2
FeO+S→FeS+SO
2
NiFe+S→Ni
xFe
1-xS
Ni+S→Ni
3S
2
When selecting pyrite (FeS for use
2) during as vulcanizing agent, the principal reaction in the converter fusion process is:
FeS
2→FeS+S
2
S
2+NiFe→Ni
xFe
1-xS
S
2+NiO+FeO→Ni
xFe
1-xS+SO
2
NiO+FeS→Ni
xFe
1-xS+SO
2
FeS+NiO+Fe→Ni
3S
2+FeO
When selecting for use sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate or sal epsom to make vulcanizing agent, the principal reaction in the converter fusion process is respectively:
Na
2SO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+Na
2SiO
3+CO
2
CaSO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+CaSiO
3+CO
2
MgSO
4+NiO+SiO
2+CO→Ni
3S
2+MgSiO
3+CO
2
Thus, can obtain by Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2The nickel matte product that mixes with NiFe.
Consider the temperature of reaction of nickel matte melting, in order to guarantee normally carrying out of melting reaction, preferably, the temperature of reaction of said bath smelting is 1300～1500 ℃.
In order to reduce the converter melting outflow temperature of nickel matte slag afterwards; Second slag former that can in second mixture, add 5wt%～10wt%; Selection about said second slag former does not have particular restriction, for example can be to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash and sodium sulfate.
The principal reaction of Wingdale in the converter fusion process is:
CaCO
3→CaO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
The principal reaction of rhombspar in the converter fusion process is:
CaMgCO
3→CaO+MgO+CO
2
CaO+SiO
2→CaSiO
3
MgO+SiO
2→MgSiO
3
The principal reaction of yellow soda ash in the converter fusion process is:
Na
2CO
3→Na
2O+CO
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
The principal reaction of sodium sulfate in the converter fusion process is:
Na
2SO
4→Na
2O+SO
2+O
2
Na
2O+SiO
2→Na
2SiO
3
After adding second slag former, the outflow temperature of nickel matte slag can be reduced to 1300～1400 ℃, has reduced waste residue and has discharged the difficulty of handling, and has reduced cost.
Consider a large amount of by product of generation in the bath smelting process,, can like waste residue and hot flue gas, carry out recycling by product in order better to play environmental-protection function.Preferably, can be with the processing of gathering dust of said hot flue gas, and the waste heat of said hot flue gas is used for generating; Can also said waste residue be carried out recycling and obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
Describe according to the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Laterite-type nickel ore is provided; The adding dry kiln carries out 700 ℃ of calcining dryings and obtains the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore; Is the mixed of 16:3:1 with exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore, hard coal and Wingdale with the mass ratio, obtains mixture, and mixture is joined in the top blast smelting furnace; Under 1500 ℃, carry out the top-blown bath melting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue.
The ferronickel product is added sulphur and Wingdale in entering the converter process, control ferronickel product: sulphur: the mass ratio of Wingdale is 10:1:1, and the converter smelting temperature is 1450 ℃, obtains nickel matte product Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2Mixture, waste residue and hot flue gas with NiFe.
With the processing of gathering dust of hot flue gas, and the waste heat of hot flue gas is used for generating.
The outflow temperature of said waste residue is 1400 ℃, waste residue is carried out recycling obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
Embodiment 2
Laterite-type nickel ore is provided; The adding dry kiln carries out 700 ℃ of calcining dryings and obtains the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore; Is the mixed of 15:2:3 with exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore, hard coal and Wingdale with the mass ratio, obtains mixture, and mixture is joined in the side-blown smelting furnace; Under 1500 ℃, carry out the side-blowing bath melting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue.
The ferronickel product is added sulphur and Wingdale in entering the converter process, control ferronickel product: sulphur: the mass ratio of Wingdale is 10:1:1, and the converter smelting temperature is 1500 ℃, obtains nickel matte product Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2Mixture, waste residue and hot flue gas with NiFe.
With the processing of gathering dust of hot flue gas, and the waste heat of hot flue gas is used for generating.
The outflow temperature of said waste residue is 1300 ℃, waste residue is carried out recycling obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
Embodiment 3
Laterite-type nickel ore is provided; The adding dry kiln carries out 700 ℃ of calcining dryings and obtains the exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore; With exsiccant laterite-type nickel ore, hard coal and Wingdale is the mixed of 16:3:1 with the mass ratio; Obtain mixture, mixture is added calcination rotary kiln carry out roasting, obtain calcining; Calcining is added electric furnace smelt, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue.
The ferronickel product is added sulphur and Wingdale in entering the converter process, control ferronickel product: sulphur: the mass ratio of Wingdale is 10:1:1, and the converter smelting temperature is 1500 ℃, obtains nickel matte product Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2Mixture, waste residue and hot flue gas with NiFe.
With the processing of gathering dust of hot flue gas, and the waste heat of hot flue gas is used for generating.
The outflow temperature of said waste residue is 1400 ℃, waste residue is carried out recycling obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention; Those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (14)
1. a method of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte is characterized in that, comprising:
A) said laterite-type nickel ore is obtained the ferronickel product through rotary kiln electrosmelting or bath smelting; With
B) said ferronickel product is mixed back adding converter with vulcanizing agent and carry out melting, obtain nickel matte product and waste residue.
2. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, obtain said ferronickel product at laterite-type nickel ore described in the step a) through bath smelting, and said step a) comprises:
A-1-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed with first reductive agent, obtain first mixture;
A-1-2) said first mixture is carried out bath smelting, obtain ferronickel product and waste residue, wherein, in said first mixture, contain the said laterite-type nickel ore of 60～80 weight parts and said first reductive agent of 5～20 weight parts.
3. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said bath smelting is top-blown bath melting, side-blowing bath melting or bottom blowing bath smelting.
4. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said step a-1-1) in also be added with 5～20 weight parts first slag former to obtain said first mixture.
5. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, obtain said ferronickel product at laterite-type nickel ore described in the step a) through the rotary kiln electrosmelting, and said step a) comprises:
A-2-1) said laterite-type nickel ore is mixed the back with coal and add the dry kiln drying, obtain extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals;
A-2-2) said extra dry red wine soil type nickel minerals is mixed and add calcination rotary kiln with second reductive agent and first slag former and carry out roasting, obtain calcining;
A-2-3) said calcining is added electric furnace and smelt, obtain the ferronickel product.
6. according to claim 2 or the 5 described methods of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte, it is characterized in that said first reductive agent and said second reductive agent are to be selected from one or more of hard coal, bituminous coal and coke.
7. according to claim 4 or the 5 described methods of utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte, it is characterized in that said first slag former is to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash, sodium sulfate, gypsum and calcium sulfate.
8. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said step b) comprises:
B-1) said ferronickel product is mixed with said vulcanizing agent obtain second mixture;
B-2) said second mixture is added converter, and adding second slag former carries out the converter melting in converter, obtains nickel matte product and waste residue.
9. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said vulcanizing agent is to be selected from one or more of sulphur, pyrite, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and sal epsom.
10. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 8; It is characterized in that, in said second mixture, contain the said ferronickel product of 80wt%～95wt%, the said vulcanizing agent of 3wt%～5wt% and said second slag former of 5wt%～10wt%.
11. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the temperature of said converter melting is 1300～1500 ℃.
12. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said nickel matte product is Ni
xFe
1-xS, Ni
3S
2Mixture with NiFe.
13. the method for utilizing laterite-type nickel ore melting nickel matte according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said step b) also comprises:
B-3) said waste residue is carried out recycling and obtain mineral wool and/or manual sandstone.
14. the method for laterite-type nickel ore smelting ferronickel product according to claim 8 and converter melting nickel matte is characterized in that, said second slag former is to be selected from one or more of Wingdale, lime, rhombspar, yellow soda ash and sodium sulfate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102078919A CN102703735A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102078919A CN102703735A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102703735A true CN102703735A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
Family
ID=46896780
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102078919A Pending CN102703735A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102703735A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103937959A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-23 | 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 | Low cost and low energy consumption novel method for processing laterite-nickel ore |
| CN109680164A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-26 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A method of preparing nickel matte |
| CN113337733A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 刘俊梅 | Method for preparing nickel matte from ferronickel and gypsum |
| CN113528858A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-nickel ternary precursor through nickel-iron conversion and application thereof |
| CN113816708A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-21 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cemented filling material for synergistic treatment of nickel-containing solid wastes and preparation method thereof |
| CN114672662A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-06-28 | 中南大学 | Resource utilization method of heavy metal-containing sewage acid sludge |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4917136A (en) * | 1972-06-02 | 1974-02-15 | ||
| JPS4917136B1 (en) * | 1969-07-14 | 1974-04-27 | ||
| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN101871053A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-10-27 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting ferronickel or nismatte with laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102492859A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting |
| CN102492843A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Production method through combined treatment of laterite by direct current electric furnace |
-
2012
- 2012-06-18 CN CN2012102078919A patent/CN102703735A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4917136B1 (en) * | 1969-07-14 | 1974-04-27 | ||
| JPS4917136A (en) * | 1972-06-02 | 1974-02-15 | ||
| CN101871053A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-10-27 | 云南锡业集团（控股）有限责任公司 | Method for smelting ferronickel or nismatte with laterite-nickel ore |
| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN102492859A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Material charging method for laterite electric furnace smelting |
| CN102492843A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 云锡元江镍业有限责任公司 | Production method through combined treatment of laterite by direct current electric furnace |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈国发: "《重金属冶金学》", 31 May 1992, 冶金工业出版社, article "回转窑法", pages: 186 - 4 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103937959A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-23 | 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 | Low cost and low energy consumption novel method for processing laterite-nickel ore |
| CN109680164A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-26 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A method of preparing nickel matte |
| CN113337733A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 刘俊梅 | Method for preparing nickel matte from ferronickel and gypsum |
| CN113528858A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-22 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high-nickel ternary precursor through nickel-iron conversion and application thereof |
| CN113816708A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-21 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cemented filling material for synergistic treatment of nickel-containing solid wastes and preparation method thereof |
| CN113816708B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-06-03 | 北科蕴宏环保科技(北京)有限公司 | Cemented filling material for synergistic treatment of nickel-containing solid wastes and preparation method thereof |
| CN114672662A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-06-28 | 中南大学 | Resource utilization method of heavy metal-containing sewage acid sludge |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102703730A (en) | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore | |
| CN102703731A (en) | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore | |
| CN102690943A (en) | Method for producing nickel matte by melting through dry red soil type nickel ore melting tank | |
| CN102703735A (en) | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore | |
| CN102703684A (en) | Method for producing low nickel matte through vulcanization of calcined sand | |
| CN103757170A (en) | Method for injection reduction extraction of iron from nickel smelting furnace slag | |
| KR20180069012A (en) | Method for the extraction of metals from concentrated sulphate minerals containing metals by direct reduction with regeneration and recycling of reducing agent iron and flux sodium carbonate | |
| CN102703733A (en) | Nickel smelting production method of laterite nickel ore molten pool | |
| Hughes et al. | Ausmelt technology for lead and zinc processing | |
| CN106011489A (en) | Iron vitriol slag treatment method | |
| CN112979151A (en) | Resourceful treatment method for fly ash coupling metallurgical waste residues | |
| CN114480863B (en) | Resource utilization method of metallic nickel slag | |
| CN102703685A (en) | Method for smelting low-nickel matte through vulcanizing calines in rotary furnace | |
| CN102344981A (en) | Separation and direct reduction process of iron and boron in boron-containing iron ore concentrate | |
| CN104831057B (en) | The method of nickel ore concentrate is enriched with from low-grade laterite nickel ore | |
| CN101914648A (en) | Method for producing low-phosphorus molten iron by using oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting reduction of high-phosphorus iron ore | |
| CN115386730B (en) | Method for recycling copper and nickel from copper and nickel-containing sludge | |
| McQueen et al. | CCS in the Iron and Steel Industry | |
| CN102560240A (en) | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy with laterite | |
| CN107557597B (en) | A kind of method that antimony is smelted | |
| CN102251115B (en) | Method for producing high-carbon manganese-iron alloy from high-alkalinity manganese ore | |
| CN103667738A (en) | Oxygen-enriched side-blowing dual-area bath smelting furnace and method for smelting copper matte by using copper-containing complex material | |
| CN101457303B (en) | Smelting method of laterite ore | |
| JP2025524806A (en) | Method for producing molten pig iron in an electrosmelting unit | |
| JP2025524841A (en) | Method for producing molten pig iron in an electrosmelting unit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20121003 |