CN102699303A

CN102699303A - Pouring equipment and pouring ladle

Info

Publication number: CN102699303A
Application number: CN2012102056708A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张同波; 李军; 习杰; 周波; 李九狮; 檀鹤青; 刘俊锋; 闫现臣; 李国前; 张国生; 温海军; 王亚飞
Original assignee: Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipes Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipes Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-06-20
Filing date: 2012-06-20
Publication date: 2012-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-20
Also published as: CN102699303B

Abstract

The invention provides pouring equipment and a pouring ladle. The pouring equipment comprises the pouring ladle, a pouring ladle frame, a fixed supporting body, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder base, wherein the pouring ladle is fixed on the pouring ladle frame; one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the pouring ladle frame; and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the hydraulic cylinder base, wherein one end of the pouring ladle frame is arranged on the fixed supporting body; the right end of the pouring ladle is provided with a pouring gate; the width of an upper opening of the pouring ladle is a fixed value; the internal side of the left side wall of the pouring ladle, which is far away from the pouring gate, is provided with a compensating curved plane; the hydraulic cylinder moves at a constant speed; and in the pouring process, the compensating curved plane can be used for compensating angular velocity variation of the pouring ladle, so that the pouring flow speed of the pouring ladle is constant. According to the pouring equipment provided by the invention, when the hydraulic cylinder moves at the constant speed, the final pouring flow speed of the pouring ladle, which is invariable at the fixed value, is ensured; the quality of a cast is effectively guaranteed; and meanwhile, as a driving device has a simple structure and less transmission parts, lower fault rate is achieved and the production efficiency is effectively increased.

Description

Pouring equipment and pouring ladle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a casting solute container, in particular to a casting solute container without a heating device.

Background

In the actual production process, in order to ensure the pouring quality, the pouring system is required to pour molten iron into a centrifugal machine at a constant speed in the pouring process, even if the pouring flow rate of the molten iron is constant, otherwise, the wall thickness of a produced cast iron pipe is uneven, unqualified products are generated, economic loss is brought to enterprises, and whether the pouring system can pour the cast iron at a constant speed depends on the structure of a pouring ladle and the action of a pouring ladle driving device.

Chinese patent document CN101912954A discloses a pouring system capable of realizing constant-speed pouring, in the pouring system, a fan-shaped pouring ladle is adopted, an oil cylinder directly drives the fan-shaped pouring ladle, an angular displacement encoder is arranged on a rotating shaft of the pouring ladle to measure a rotating angle of the pouring ladle and feed back the angle to a control part, the control part calculates and adjusts a moving speed of the oil cylinder according to a feedback angle signal to ensure that the fan-shaped pouring ladle rotates at a constant speed to realize uniform pouring, in the pouring equipment, the angular displacement encoder is arranged on the rotating shaft of the pouring ladle, because the rotating shaft of the pouring ladle is positioned near a pouring gate of molten iron, the temperature is very high, and vibration can be generated in the rotating process of the pouring ladle, the precision of the encoder is affected by high temperature and vibration, and the working life of the encoder is affected, so that the molten iron cannot flow out; chinese utility model patent document CN2313689Y also discloses a pouring system capable of realizing constant speed pouring, in the pouring system, a fan-shaped pouring ladle is mounted on a pouring frame by means of a rotating shaft, a constant speed plate is fixed on the pouring ladle, a hydraulic cylinder drives the constant speed plate through a pulley mechanism, the constant speed movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the fan-shaped pouring ladle to rotate at a constant speed through the constant speed plate, so as to realize uniform pouring, the pouring device has more parts and a complex structure, although the constant speed plate and the pulley mechanism are rolling friction, the constant speed plate and the pulley mechanism are easy to wear or block after being used for a period of time, so that molten iron can not flow out from the fan-shaped pouring ladle at a constant speed; there is also a casting device as disclosed in SU326021A patent document, in which a connecting wire is connected to the fan-shaped edge of the fan-shaped casting ladle, the connecting wire is driven by an oil cylinder through a movable pulley, and under the condition that the oil cylinder is at a constant speed, the connecting wire is at a constant speed twice as fast as the oil cylinder, and the fan-shaped casting ladle is driven by the connecting wire to rotate at a constant speed to realize uniform casting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide pouring equipment and a pouring ladle capable of keeping constant flow rate pouring, which can ensure the quality of castings, avoid economic loss, improve the production efficiency and reduce the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a pouring equipment, includes pouring ladle, pouring ladle frame, the fixed bolster body, pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder base, and on the pouring ladle was fixed in the pouring ladle frame, the pouring ladle right-hand member was equipped with the runner, and pneumatic cylinder one end articulates the one end of keeping away from the runner on the pouring ladle frame, and the pneumatic cylinder other end articulates on hydraulic cylinder base through the second rotation axis, wherein, pouring ladle frame one end articulates on the fixed bolster body through first rotation axis, first rotation axis is located and is close to the position department of runner, the pouring ladle upper shed width is the definite value, the pouring ladle is kept away from the left side wall inboard of runner is equipped with the compensation curved surface, pneumatic cylinder uniform motion, in the pouring in-process the compensation curved surface can compensate the change of pouring ladle angular velocity makes the pouring ladle's the pouring velocity.

The casting equipment of the invention is characterized in that the distance d between any point of the part of the compensation curved surface where the liquid level passes through and the center point of the first rotating shaft in the casting process is determined according to the following formula:

<math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mover> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <msqrt> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> </msqrt> </mrow> <mi>abm</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </math>

wherein,

is a preset pouring flow speed, a is the distance from the center point of a first rotating shaft to the center point of a second rotating shaft, b is the distance from the center point of the first rotating shaft to the hinge point of the pouring ladle frame and the hydraulic cylinder, v is the uniform motion speed of the hydraulic cylinder, t is the motion time of the hydraulic cylinder, m is the width of an upper opening of the pouring ladle, l is the width of the upper opening of the pouring ladle₀Is the initial length of the hydraulic cylinder.

The casting equipment comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a controller, a linear displacement sensor, a controller and a controller, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is internally provided with the linear displacement sensor, the linear displacement sensor is connected with the controller, the linear displacement sensor can detect the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder in real time and send a measured value to the controller, the controller carries out differential calculation according to the linear displacement value measured by the linear displacement sensor to obtain the real-time moving speed of the hydraulic cylinder, and closed-loop control is carried out on the hydraulic cylinder to enable the hydraulic cylinder to move at a constant speed according to a set.

The casting equipment comprises a casting machine, a casting machine and a linear displacement sensor, wherein the casting machine is provided with a casting machine, and the linear displacement sensor is a linear displacement digital encoder.

According to the pouring equipment, a grate is arranged in the pouring ladle and close to the pouring gate.

The utility model provides a pouring ladle, this pouring ladle is fixed in on the pouring ladle frame, and the pouring ladle right-hand member is equipped with the runner, and the one end bottom of keeping away from the runner on the pouring ladle frame articulates there is the pneumatic cylinder, and the pneumatic cylinder other end articulates on the pneumatic cylinder base through the second rotation axis, wherein, pouring ladle frame one end articulates on the fixed support body through first rotation axis, first rotation axis is located and is close to the position department of runner, pouring ladle upper shed width is the definite value, keeping away from on the pouring ladle the left side wall inboard of runner is equipped with the compensation curved surface, pouring ladle upper shed width is the definite value, at the pouring in-process the compensation curved surface can compensate the change of pouring ladle angular velocity makes the pouring velocity of flow of pouring ladle is invariable.

The casting ladle of the invention is characterized in that the distance d between any point of the part of the compensation curved surface where the liquid level passes and the center point of the first rotating shaft in the casting process is determined according to the following formula:

wherein,

By adopting the scheme, the casting equipment and the casting ladle have the advantages that due to the arrangement of the compensation curved surface, when the hydraulic cylinder moves at a constant speed, the nonlinear deviation generated in the process of moving and transmitting the hydraulic cylinder to the casting ladle is compensated by the compensation curved surface, the casting flow rate of the final casting ladle is ensured to be constant at a set value, molten iron is uniformly cast, the pipe wall of a casting pipe is ensured to be uniform, the quality of a casting is effectively ensured, meanwhile, because the casting ladle is directly driven by the hydraulic cylinder, the driving device has a simple structure, and fewer transmission parts are arranged, so that the transmission error is reduced, the failure rate is reduced, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.

In addition, a linear displacement sensor is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder and connected with a controller, and the controller performs closed-loop control on the hydraulic cylinder to enable the hydraulic cylinder to move at a constant speed according to a set speed value, so that the molten iron is further uniformly poured by the pouring ladle, and the quality of a casting is effectively guaranteed.

In addition, because the linear displacement sensor is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, the linear displacement sensor is far away from a rotating shaft with high temperature, the precision of the sensor is ensured, and the service life is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front partial cross-sectional view of a casting apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a pouring ladle in the pouring apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a pouring basket in the pouring apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of the movement transmission of the pouring apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pouring process of the pouring equipment of the invention.

The pouring equipment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the pouring equipment comprises a pouring ladle 1, a pouring ladle frame 2, a fixed support body 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4 and a hydraulic cylinder base 41, wherein the pouring ladle 1 is fixed on the pouring ladle frame 2, one end of the pouring ladle frame 2 is hinged on the fixed support body 3 through a first rotating shaft 5, a pouring gate 11 is arranged at the right end of the pouring ladle 1, the first rotating shaft 5 is arranged at a position close to the pouring gate 11, one end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged at the bottom of one end, far away from the first rotating shaft 5, of the pouring ladle frame 2, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the hydraulic cylinder base 41 through a second rotating shaft 6, a linear displacement digital encoder is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 4, the linear displacement digital encoder is connected with a controller, the linear displacement digital encoder can detect the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 4 in real time and send the measured value, the oil inlet amount of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is controlled according to the moving speed, the hydraulic cylinder 4 is guaranteed to move at a constant speed according to a set speed value by adopting closed-loop control, a grate 12 is arranged in the pouring ladle 1 and close to the pouring gate 11, and a compensation curved surface 14 is arranged on the inner side of the left side wall 13 of the pouring ladle 1 far away from the pouring gate 11.

As shown in fig. 4, a center point 5 of the first rotating shaft is a, a hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the ladle frame 2 is B, a center point of the second rotating shaft 6 is C, and A, B, C form a triangle, wherein a distance between points A, C, i.e., a distance from a center of the first rotating shaft 5 to a center of the second rotating shaft 6, is a constant value a, a distance between points A, B, i.e., a distance from a center of the first rotating shaft 5 to a hinge point between the ladle frame 2 and the hydraulic cylinder 4, is a constant value B, a distance between points B, C, i.e., a length of the hydraulic cylinder 4, is l, and the length l varies with movement of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and an initial length of the hydraulic cylinder 4 when casting is not started₀Since the hydraulic cylinder 4 moves at a constant speed according to a set speed value, the set speed value is v, and t is the operation time after the hydraulic cylinder starts to move, the length of the hydraulic cylinder 4 at any time in the casting process is as shown in formula (1):

l=l₀+vt （1）

wherein the included angle radian value between the above-mentioned triangle-shaped limit AB and AC is alpha, because the length of included angle alpha and limit BC is not direct ratio relation between, so when pneumatic cylinder 4 at the uniform velocity moved, pouring ladle 1 is not at the uniform velocity and rotates, as shown in fig. 4, in the pouring process, the length of liquid level in pouring ladle 1, the distance of first rotation axis 5 to compensation curved surface 14 of pouring ladle 1 right side wall 13 is d promptly, and the width of pouring ladle 1 is m, and then pouring velocity of flow n of the liquid this moment in pouring ladle 1 is:

where ω (t) is the angular velocity of rotation of the tundish 1 at this time. The following analyzes the relationship of the rotational angular velocity with time.

As shown in FIG. 5, the pouring equipment of the present invention has a schematic structural diagram at a time t, the length of the liquid level in the pouring ladle 1 at this time is d, and the included angle between the side AB and the side AC has an arc value of α₁The length of the hydraulic cylinder 4 at this time is l = l₀+ vt, known from the cosine law:

l²=a²+b²-2abcosα₁ （3）

obtained from the formula (3)

<math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>arccos</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>l</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ab</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math>

Derivation of this yields the expression ω (t) as follows:

<math> <mrow> <mi>ω</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>α</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>′</mo> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>arccos</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>l</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ab</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>dt</mi> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>arccos</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ab</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>dt</mi> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math>

after finishing, obtaining:

since the rotational angular velocity ω of the ladle 1 is not constant, in order to ensure that the pouring flow rate n is constant, it is necessary to adjust the length d of the liquid surface of the ladle 1 so that the pouring flow rate n is constant at any length of the hydraulic cylinder 4

Then, at any length value of the hydraulic cylinder 4 of l:

<math> <mrow> <mover> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mi>abmd</mi> <msqrt> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> </msqrt> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>7</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math>

further, the functional relationship between the liquid surface length d and the arbitrary time t is as follows (8):

<math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mover> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <msqrt> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> <mo>[</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>vt</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>]</mo> </msqrt> </mrow> <mi>abm</mi> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math>

wherein,

a、b、l₀is constant and when v, m are also constant values, it will be easy to derive from this formula at any length value l or time tIn the meantime, the liquid level length d of the ladle 1 is determined, and the compensation curved surface 14 of the rear end surface 13 of the ladle 1 is determined, and the distance between each point on the compensation curved surface 14 and the first rotating shaft 5 is the liquid level length d, however, in a normal case, the liquid level passes through only a part of the compensation curved surface in the casting process, and therefore, it is particularly required that the distance between any point on the part of the compensation curved surface and the first rotating shaft 5 in the casting process is determined by the above formula (8).

In all the above formulas, the units of the formulas relating to angle and angular velocity are in units of radians (rads).

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pouring equipment, includes pouring ladle (1), pouring ladle frame (2), the fixed support body (3), pneumatic cylinder (4), hydraulic cylinder base (41), on pouring ladle (1) was fixed in pouring ladle frame (2), pouring ladle (1) right-hand member is equipped with runner (11), pneumatic cylinder (4) one end articulates the one end of keeping away from runner (11) on pouring ladle frame (2), and pneumatic cylinder (4) other end articulates on hydraulic cylinder base (41) through second rotation axis (6), its characterized in that: pouring ladle frame (2) one end articulates on fixed support body (3) through first rotation axis (5), first rotation axis (5) are located and are close to the position department of runner (11), pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is the definite value, pouring ladle (1) is kept away from the left side wall (13) inboard of runner (11) is equipped with compensation curved surface (14), pneumatic cylinder (4) uniform motion, in the pouring process compensation curved surface (14) can compensate the change of pouring ladle (1) angular velocity makes the pouring velocity of flow of pouring ladle (1) is invariable.

2. The casting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the distance d between any point of the liquid level passing part on the compensation curved surface (14) and the central point of the first rotating shaft (5) in the pouring process is determined according to the following formula:

wherein,

is a preset pouring flow speed, a is the distance from the central point of a first rotating shaft (5) to the central point of a second rotating shaft (6), b is the distance from the central point of the first rotating shaft (5) to the hinged point of a pouring ladle frame (2) and a hydraulic cylinder (4), v is the uniform motion speed of the hydraulic cylinder (4), t is the motion time of the hydraulic cylinder (4), m is the width of an upper opening of a pouring ladle (1), l is the width of the upper opening of the pouring ladle (1)₀Is the initial length of the hydraulic cylinder (4).

3. The casting apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the hydraulic cylinder (4) is internally provided with a linear displacement sensor, the linear displacement sensor is connected with a controller, the linear displacement sensor can detect the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder (4) in real time and send a measured value to the controller, the controller carries out differential calculation according to the linear displacement value measured by the linear displacement sensor to obtain the real-time moving speed of the hydraulic cylinder, and closed-loop control is carried out on the hydraulic cylinder to enable the hydraulic cylinder to move at a constant speed according to a set speed value.

4. The casting apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the linear displacement sensor is a linear displacement digital encoder.

5. The casting apparatus of claim 4, wherein: a grate (12) is arranged in the pouring ladle (1) and close to the pouring gate (11).

6. The utility model provides a pouring ladle (1), this pouring ladle (1) is fixed in on pouring ladle frame (2), and pouring ladle (1) right-hand member is equipped with runner (11), and the one end bottom of keeping away from runner (11) on pouring ladle frame (2) articulates there is pneumatic cylinder (4), and its characterized in that is articulated on pneumatic cylinder base (41) through second rotation axis (6) to the pneumatic cylinder (4) other end: pouring ladle frame (2) one end articulates on fixed support body (3) through first rotation axis (5), first rotation axis (5) are located and are close to the position department of runner (11), pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is the definite value, keep away from on pouring ladle (1) left side wall (13) inboard of runner (11) is equipped with compensation curved surface (14), pouring ladle (1) upper shed width is the definite value, at the pouring in-process compensation curved surface (14) can compensate the change of pouring ladle (1) angular velocity makes the pouring velocity of flow of pouring ladle (1) is invariable.

7. The tundish of claim 6, wherein: the distance d between any point of the liquid level passing part on the compensation curved surface (14) and the central point of the first rotating shaft (5) in the pouring process is determined according to the following formula:

wherein,